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Miao L, Huang B, Fang H, Chai J, Liu Z, Zhai Y. Single-Nanoparticle-Based Nanomachining for Fabrication of a Uniform Nanochannel Sensor. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023:e2305159. [PMID: 37486796 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202305159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
The structure of nanomaterials and nanodevices determines their functionality and applications. A single uniform nanochannel with a high aspect ratio is an attractive structure due to its unique rigid structures, easy preparation, and diverse pore structures and it holds significant promising importance in fields such as nanopore sensing and nanomanufacturing. Although the metal-nanoparticle-assistant silicon etching technique can produce uniform nanochannels, however, the fabrication of single through nanochannels remains a challenge thus far. A simple and versatile strategy is developed that allows for the retention of individual gold nanoparticle on a substrate, enabling single-nanoparticle nanomachining. This method involves three steps: the formation of a carbon protective layer on individual nanoparticles via electron-beam irradiation, selective removal of unprotected nanoparticles using a corrosive agent, and subsequent elimination of the carbon layer. This enables the fabrication of a single submillimeter-long uniform through nanochannel in the silicon wafer, which can be employed for nanopore sensing and shape-based nanoparticle distinguishing. The developed method can also facilitate single-nanoparticle studies and nanomachining for a broad application in materials science, electronics, micro/nano-optics, and catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longfei Miao
- The Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS), Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
| | - Bintong Huang
- The Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS), Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
| | - Hui Fang
- Department of Engineering Mechanics, School of Civil Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430072, P. R. China
| | - Jia Chai
- The Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS), Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
| | - Ze Liu
- Department of Engineering Mechanics, School of Civil Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430072, P. R. China
| | - Yueming Zhai
- The Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS), Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
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Turishchev S, Schleusener A, Chuvenkova O, Parinova E, Liu P, Manyakin M, Kurganskii S, Sivakov V. Spectromicroscopy Studies of Silicon Nanowires Array Covered by Tin Oxide Layers. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2206322. [PMID: 36650978 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202206322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The composition and atomic and electronic structure of a silicon nanowire (SiNW) array coated with tin oxide are studied at the spectromicroscopic level. SiNWs are covered from top to down with a wide bandgap tin oxide layer using a metal-organic chemical vapor deposition technique. Results obtained via scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction showed that tin-oxide nanocrystals, 20 nm in size, form a continuous and highly developed surface with a complex phase composition responsible for the observed electronic structure transformation. The "one spot" combination, containing a chemically sensitive morphology and spectroscopic data, is examined via photoemission electron microscopy in the X-ray absorption near-edge structure spectroscopy (XANES) mode. The observed spectromicroscopy results showed that the entire SiNW surface is covered with a tin(IV) oxide layer and traces of tin(II) oxide and metallic tin phases. The deviation from stoichiometric SnO2 leads to the formation of the density of states sub-band in the atop tin oxide layer bandgap close to the bottom of the SnO2 conduction band. These observations open up the possibility of the precise surface electronic structures estimation using photo-electron microscopy in XANES mode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey Turishchev
- Voronezh State University, Physics Faculty, General Physics Department, Universitetskaya pl.1, Voronezh, 394018, Russian Federation
| | - Alexander Schleusener
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, Research Department Functional Interfaces, Albert Einstein Str. 9, 07745, Jena, Germany
- Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Olga Chuvenkova
- Voronezh State University, Physics Faculty, General Physics Department, Universitetskaya pl.1, Voronezh, 394018, Russian Federation
| | - Elena Parinova
- Voronezh State University, Physics Faculty, General Physics Department, Universitetskaya pl.1, Voronezh, 394018, Russian Federation
| | - Poting Liu
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, Research Department Functional Interfaces, Albert Einstein Str. 9, 07745, Jena, Germany
- Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Maxim Manyakin
- Voronezh State University, Physics Faculty, General Physics Department, Universitetskaya pl.1, Voronezh, 394018, Russian Federation
| | - Sergei Kurganskii
- Voronezh State University, Physics Faculty, General Physics Department, Universitetskaya pl.1, Voronezh, 394018, Russian Federation
| | - Vladimir Sivakov
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, Research Department Functional Interfaces, Albert Einstein Str. 9, 07745, Jena, Germany
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Gao G, Zhang L, Li Z, Ma S, Ma F. Porous Microneedles for Therapy and Diagnosis: Fabrication and Challenges. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2023; 9:85-105. [PMID: 36475572 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.2c01123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The use of microneedles (MNs), an innovative transdermal technology, enables efficient, convenient, painless, and controlled-release drug delivery. Porous microneedles (pMNs), special MNs with abundant interconnected pores that can produce capillary action, are gaining increasing attention as a novel MNs technology. pMNs can actively adsorb bioactive ingredients from solutions of drugs or vaccines for in vivo delivery or from interstitial skin fluids (ISFs) for wearable and point-of-care testing (POCT) products. Different pore sizes and porosities of pMNs can be achieved with different materials and preparation processes, which makes the application of pMNs adaptable to multiple scenarios. In addition, easier and faster detection will be accomplished by the smart combination of pMNs with other detection technologies. This paper aims to summarize the recent research progress of pMNs, focusing on the influence of various materials and their corresponding preparation methods on its structure and function display, discussing the key issues and looking forward to the future development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangzhi Gao
- Laboratory of Biologics and Biomaterials, College of Pharmacy, Zhejiang University of Technology, Deqing 313216, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Laboratory of Biologics and Biomaterials, College of Pharmacy, Zhejiang University of Technology, Deqing 313216, China
| | - Zhipeng Li
- Laboratory of Biologics and Biomaterials, College of Pharmacy, Zhejiang University of Technology, Deqing 313216, China
| | - Shichao Ma
- Laboratory of Biologics and Biomaterials, College of Pharmacy, Zhejiang University of Technology, Deqing 313216, China
| | - Fengsen Ma
- Laboratory of Biologics and Biomaterials, College of Pharmacy, Zhejiang University of Technology, Deqing 313216, China.,The Institute for Frontiers and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, No. 18, Chaowang Road, Hangzhou 310014, China
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Wafer-Scale Fabrication and Transfer of Porous Silicon Films as Flexible Nanomaterials for Sensing Application. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12071191. [PMID: 35407309 PMCID: PMC9000722 DOI: 10.3390/nano12071191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Flexible sensors are highly advantageous for integration in portable and wearable devices. In this work, we propose and validate a simple strategy to achieve whole wafer-size flexible SERS substrate via a one-step metal-assisted chemical etching (MACE). A pre-patterning Si wafer allows for PSi structures to form in tens of microns areas, and thus enables easy detachment of PSi film pieces from bulk Si substrates. The morphology, porosity, and pore size of PS films can be precisely controlled by varying the etchant concentration, which shows obvious effects on film integrity and wettability. The cracks and self-peeling of Psi films can be achieved by the drying conditions after MACE, enabling transfer of Psi films from Si wafer to any substrates, while maintaining their original properties and vertical alignment. After coating with a thin layer of silver (Ag), the rigid and flexible PSi films before and after transfer both show obvious surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) effect. Moreover, flexible PSi films SERS substrates have been demonstrated with high sensitivity (down to 2.6 × 10−9 g/cm2) for detection of methyl parathion (MPT) residues on a curved apple surface. Such a method provides us with quick and high throughput fabrication of nanostructured materials for sensing, catalysis, and electro-optical applications.
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Bian C, Zhang B, Zhang Z, Chen H, Zhang D, Wang S, Ye J, He L, Jie J, Zhang X. Wafer-Scale Fabrication of Silicon Nanocones via Controlling Catalyst Evolution in All-Wet Metal-Assisted Chemical Etching. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:2234-2243. [PMID: 35071912 PMCID: PMC8772306 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c05790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
All-wet metal-assisted chemical etching (MACE) is a simple and low-cost method to fabricate one-dimensional Si nanostructures. However, it remains a challenge to fabricate Si nanocones (SiNCs) with this method. Here, we achieved wafer-scale fabrication of SiNC arrays through an all-wet MACE process. The key to fabricate SiNCs is to control the catalyst evolution from deposition to etching stages. Different from conventional MACE processes, large-size Ag particles by solution deposition are obtained through increasing AgNO3 concentration or extending the reaction time in the seed solution. Then, the large-size Ag particles are simultaneously etched during the Si etching process in an etching solution with a high H2O2 concentration due to the accelerated cathode process and inhibited anode process in Ag/Si microscopic galvanic cells. The successive decrease of Ag particle sizes causes the proportionate increase of diameters of the etched Si nanostructures, forming SiNC arrays. The SiNC arrays exhibit a stronger light-trapping ability and better photoelectrochemical performance compared with Si nanowire arrays. SiNCs were fabricated by using n-type 1-10 Ω cm Si(100) wafers in this work. Though the specific experimental conditions for preparing SiNCs may differ when using different Si wafers, the summarized diagram will still provide valuable guidance for morphology control of Si nanostructures in MACE processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenyu Bian
- Institute
of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory
for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu, People’s
Republic of China
| | - Bingchang Zhang
- School
of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Advanced
Optical Manufacturing Technologies of Jiangsu Province, Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Technologies of Education
Ministry of China, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu, People’s
Republic of China
| | - Zhenghe Zhang
- School
of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Advanced
Optical Manufacturing Technologies of Jiangsu Province, Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Technologies of Education
Ministry of China, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu, People’s
Republic of China
| | - Hui Chen
- School
of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Advanced
Optical Manufacturing Technologies of Jiangsu Province, Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Technologies of Education
Ministry of China, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu, People’s
Republic of China
| | - Dake Zhang
- Institute
of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory
for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu, People’s
Republic of China
| | - Shaojun Wang
- School
of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Advanced
Optical Manufacturing Technologies of Jiangsu Province, Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Technologies of Education
Ministry of China, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu, People’s
Republic of China
| | - Jing Ye
- Testing
& Analysis Center, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Le He
- Institute
of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory
for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu, People’s
Republic of China
| | - Jiansheng Jie
- Institute
of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory
for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu, People’s
Republic of China
- Macao
Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Macau University of
Science and Technology, Taipa 999078, Macau SAR, People’s
Republic of China
| | - Xiaohong Zhang
- Institute
of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory
for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu, People’s
Republic of China
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Fabrication of low cost nano-grass n-type C-Si solar cell with sol–gel Al2O3 passivation. SN APPLIED SCIENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s42452-020-03613-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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Abstract
The deposition of palladium nanoparticles (PdNPs) on the surface of n-Si (100) substrate by pulsed electrolysis in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) solutions of Pd(NO3)2 was investigated. It has been shown that nonaqueous medium (DMSO) contributes the Pd (II) recovery at high cathode potential values avoiding side processes to occur. In combination with the pulse mode, this allows the deposition of spherical PdNPs with their uniform distribution on the silicon surface. We established that the main factors influencing the geometry of PdNPs are the value of the cathode potential, the concentration of palladium ions in solution, and the number of pulse-pause cycles. It is shown that with increasing Ecathode value there is a tendency to increase the density of silicon surface filling with nanoparticles. As the concentration of Pd(NO3)2 increases from 1 to 6 mM, the density of silicon surface filling with PdNPs and their average size also increase. We found that with increasing the number of pulse-pause cycles, there is a predominant growth of nanoparticles in diameter, which causes 2D filling of the substrate surface.
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