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Jo Y, Park H, Lee S, Kim I. Spectral Hadamard microscopy with metasurface-based patterned illumination. NANOPHOTONICS (BERLIN, GERMANY) 2025; 14:1171-1183. [PMID: 40290295 PMCID: PMC12019938 DOI: 10.1515/nanoph-2024-0587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2024] [Accepted: 12/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/30/2025]
Abstract
Hadamard matrices, composed of mutually orthogonal vectors, are widely used in various applications due to their orthogonality. In optical imaging, Hadamard microscopy has been applied to achieve optical sectioning by separating scattering and background noise from desired signals. This method involves sequential illumination using Hadamard patterns and subsequent image processing. However, it typically requires costly light modulation devices, such as digital micromirror devices (DMDs) or spatial light modulators (SLMs), to generate multiple illumination patterns. In this study, we present spectral Hadamard microscopy based on a holographic matasurface. We noticed that certain patterns repeat within other Hadamard patterns under specific condition, allowing the entire set to be reproduced from a single pattern. This finding suggests that generating a single pattern is sufficient to implement Hadamard microscopy. To demonstrate this, we designed a metasurface to generate an illumination pattern and conducted imaging simulations. Results showed that holographic metasurface-based Hadamard microscopy effectively suppressed scattering signals, resulting in clear fluorescent images. Furthermore, we demonstrated that hyperspectral imaging can be achieved with Hadamard microscopy using dispersive optical elements, as the orthogonality of the Hadamard pattern enables to resolve spectral information. The reconstructed hyperspectral images displayed a color distribution closely matching the synthetic hyperspectral images used as ground truth. Our findings suggest that optical sectioning and hyperspectral imaging can be accomplished without light modulation devices, a capability typically unattainable with standard wide-field microscopes. We showed that sophisticated metasurfaces have the potential to replace and enhance conventional optical components, and we anticipate that this study will contribute to advancements in metasurface-based optical microscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjae Jo
- Department of Biophysics, Institute of Quantum Biophysics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyemi Park
- Department of Biophysics, Department of Intelligent Precision Healthcare Convergence, Institute of Quantum Biophysics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Seho Lee
- Department of Biophysics, Department of Intelligent Precision Healthcare Convergence, Institute of Quantum Biophysics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Inki Kim
- Department of Biophysics, Department of Intelligent Precision Healthcare Convergence, Department of MetaBioHealth, Institute of Quantum Biophysics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon16419, Republic of Korea
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Lin D, Chen D, Dong Z, Zhou L, Nie M, Qu J, Yu B. Addressable scanning multifocal structured illumination microscopy using acousto-optic deflectors. OPTICS LETTERS 2024; 49:6193-6196. [PMID: 39485445 DOI: 10.1364/ol.538097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2024] [Accepted: 09/03/2024] [Indexed: 11/03/2024]
Abstract
Multifocal structured illumination microscopy (MSIM) is a popular super-resolution imaging technique known for its good probe compatibility, low laser power requirements, and improved imaging depth, making it widely applicable in biomedical research. However, the speed of MSIM imaging is typically constrained by the approaches employed to generate and scan the laser foci across the sample. In this study, we propose a flexible two-photon excitation MSIM method using a pair of acousto-optic deflectors. By adopting addressable scanning (AS) and synchronized capturing, MSIM super-resolution imaging can be performed in multiple discrete regions of interest (ROIs) within the field of view. Notably, this AS-MSIM scheme not only enhances the speed of MSIM imaging but also alleviates photobleaching and phototoxicity to biological samples. We demonstrate its potential by achieving super-resolution imaging of selected mitochondria within cells at a frame rate of 4 Hz. Furthermore, we deliberate the possibility of even faster imaging.
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Gao Z, Han K, Hua X, Liu W, Jia S. hydroSIM: super-resolution speckle illumination microscopy with a hydrogel diffuser. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2024; 15:3574-3585. [PMID: 38867780 PMCID: PMC11166422 DOI: 10.1364/boe.521521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
Super-resolution microscopy has emerged as an indispensable methodology for probing the intricacies of cellular biology. Structured illumination microscopy (SIM), in particular, offers an advantageous balance of spatial and temporal resolution, allowing for visualizing cellular processes with minimal disruption to biological specimens. However, the broader adoption of SIM remains hampered by the complexity of instrumentation and alignment. Here, we introduce speckle-illumination super-resolution microscopy using hydrogel diffusers (hydroSIM). The study utilizes the high scattering and optical transmissive properties of hydrogel materials and realizes a remarkably simplified approach to plug-in super-resolution imaging via a common epi-fluorescence platform. We demonstrate the hydroSIM system using various phantom and biological samples, and the results exhibited effective 3D resolution doubling, optical sectioning, and high contrast. We foresee hydroSIM, a cost-effective, biocompatible, and user-accessible super-resolution methodology, to significantly advance a wide range of biomedical imaging and applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijun Gao
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA
- Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA
| | - Keyi Han
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA
| | - Xuanwen Hua
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA
| | - Wenhao Liu
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA
| | - Shu Jia
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA
- Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA
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Huang X, Gao X, Fu L. BINGO: a blind unmixing algorithm for ultra-multiplexing fluorescence images. Bioinformatics 2024; 40:btae052. [PMID: 38291952 PMCID: PMC10873573 DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btae052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
MOTIVATION Spectral imaging is often used to observe different objects with multiple fluorescent labels to reveal the development of the biological event. As the number of observed objects increases, the spectral overlap between fluorophores becomes more serious, and obtaining a "pure" picture of each fluorophore becomes a major challenge. Here, we propose a blind spectral unmixing algorithm called BINGO (Blind unmixing via SVD-based Initialization Nmf with project Gradient descent and spare cOnstrain), which can extract all kinds of fluorophores more accurately from highly overlapping multichannel data, even if the spectra of the fluorophores are extremely similar or their fluorescence intensity varies greatly. RESULTS BINGO can isolate up to 10 fluorophores from spectral imaging data for a single excitation. nine-color living HeLa cells were visualized distinctly with BINGO. It provides an important algorithmic tool for multiplex imaging studies, especially in intravital imaging. BINGO shows great potential in multicolor imaging for biomedical sciences. AVAILABILITY AND IMPLEMENTATION The source code used for this paper is available with the test data at https://github.com/Xinyuan555/BINGO_unmixing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyuan Huang
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- Advanced Biomedical Imaging Facility, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Xiujuan Gao
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- Advanced Biomedical Imaging Facility, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Ling Fu
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- Advanced Biomedical Imaging Facility, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
- School of Physics and Optoelectronics Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
- Optics Valley Laboratory, Wuhan 430074, China
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Tadesse K, Mandracchia B, Yoon K, Han K, Jia S. Three-dimensional multifocal scanning microscopy for super-resolution cell and tissue imaging. OPTICS EXPRESS 2023; 31:38550-38559. [PMID: 38017958 DOI: 10.1364/oe.501100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
Recent advancements in image-scanning microscopy have significantly enriched super-resolution biological research, providing deeper insights into cellular structures and processes. However, current image-scanning techniques often require complex instrumentation and alignment, constraining their broader applicability in cell biological discovery and convenient, cost-effective integration into commonly used frameworks like epi-fluorescence microscopes. Here, we introduce three-dimensional multifocal scanning microscopy (3D-MSM) for super-resolution imaging of cells and tissue with substantially reduced instrumental complexity. This method harnesses the inherent 3D movement of specimens to achieve stationary, multi-focal excitation and super-resolution microscopy through a standard epi-fluorescence platform. We validated the system using a range of phantom, single-cell, and tissue specimens. The combined strengths of structured illumination, confocal detection, and epi-fluorescence setup result in two-fold resolution improvement in all three dimensions, effective optical sectioning, scalable volume acquisition, and compatibility with general imaging and sample protocols. We anticipate that 3D-MSM will pave a promising path for future super-resolution investigations in cell and tissue biology.
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