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Kim YJ, Min J. Advances in nanobiosensors during the COVID-19 pandemic and future perspectives for the post-COVID era. NANO CONVERGENCE 2024; 11:3. [PMID: 38206526 PMCID: PMC10784265 DOI: 10.1186/s40580-023-00410-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
The unprecedented threat of the highly contagious virus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which causes exponentially increased infections of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), highlights the weak spots of the current diagnostic toolbox. In the midst of catastrophe, nanobiosensors offer a new opportunity as an alternative tool to fill a gap among molecular tests, rapid antigen tests, and serological tests. Nanobiosensors surpass the potential of antigen tests because of their enhanced sensitivity, thus enabling us to see antigens as stable and easy-to-access targets. During the first three years of the COVID-19 pandemic, a substantial number of studies have reported nanobiosensors for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 antigens. The number of articles on nanobiosensors and SARS-CoV-2 exceeds the amount of nanobiosensor research on detecting previous infectious diseases, from influenza to SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV. This unprecedented publishing pace also implies the significance of SARS-CoV-2 and the present pandemic. In this review, 158 studies reporting nanobiosensors for detecting SARS-CoV-2 antigens are collected to discuss the current challenges of nanobiosensors using the criteria of point-of-care (POC) diagnostics along with COVID-specific issues. These advances and lessons during the pandemic pave the way for preparing for the post-COVID era and potential upcoming infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Jun Kim
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Heukseok-Dong, Dongjak-Gu, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Junhong Min
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Heukseok-Dong, Dongjak-Gu, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea.
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Liu T, Ding H, Huang J, Zhan C, Wang S. Liquid-Core Hydrogel Optical Fiber Fluorescence Probes. ACS Sens 2022; 7:3298-3307. [PMID: 36283762 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.2c00821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
This paper first reports a liquid-core hydrogel optical fiber fluorescence probe. It is composed of a liquid core, a high-refractive-index hydrogel fiber core, and a low-refractive-index hydrogel fiber cladding, which is completely different from many existing optical fiber fluorescence probes. The sensing solution with sensitive materials is sealed as a liquid core, and it can sufficiently react with small-molecule targets penetrating through the hydrogel fiber cladding and core, thus inducing variations in the fluorescence signals. These fluorescence signals can be localized and transmitted within the probe and finally collected and quantified for target detection. This proposed probe can be simply and rapidly fabricated and reused, and it was proven to have high sensitivity, accuracy, and selectivity in practical applications. Therefore, this liquid-core hydrogel optical fiber fluorescence probe will enable a novel sensing platform for small-molecule analyte detection that faces on-site detection challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Liu
- College of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, China
| | - He Ding
- College of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, China
| | - Jianwei Huang
- College of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, China
| | - Chengsen Zhan
- College of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, China
| | - Shouyu Wang
- OptiX+ Laboratory, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
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Völlmecke K, Afroz R, Bierbach S, Brenker LJ, Frücht S, Glass A, Giebelhaus R, Hoppe A, Kanemaru K, Lazarek M, Rabbe L, Song L, Velasco Suarez A, Wu S, Serpe M, Kuckling D. Hydrogel-Based Biosensors. Gels 2022; 8:gels8120768. [PMID: 36547292 PMCID: PMC9777866 DOI: 10.3390/gels8120768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
There is an increasing interest in sensing applications for a variety of analytes in aqueous environments, as conventional methods do not work reliably under humid conditions or they require complex equipment with experienced operators. Hydrogel sensors are easy to fabricate, are incredibly sensitive, and have broad dynamic ranges. Experiments on their robustness, reliability, and reusability have indicated the possible long-term applications of these systems in a variety of fields, including disease diagnosis, detection of pharmaceuticals, and in environmental testing. It is possible to produce hydrogels, which, upon sensing a specific analyte, can adsorb it onto their 3D-structure and can therefore be used to remove them from a given environment. High specificity can be obtained by using molecularly imprinted polymers. Typical detection principles involve optical methods including fluorescence and chemiluminescence, and volume changes in colloidal photonic crystals, as well as electrochemical methods. Here, we explore the current research utilizing hydrogel-based sensors in three main areas: (1) biomedical applications, (2) for detecting and quantifying pharmaceuticals of interest, and (3) detecting and quantifying environmental contaminants in aqueous environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Völlmecke
- Department of Chemistry, Universität Paderborn, Warburger Straße 100, 33098 Paderborn, Germany
| | - Rowshon Afroz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, 11227 Saskatchewan Drive, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Sascha Bierbach
- Department of Chemistry, Universität Paderborn, Warburger Straße 100, 33098 Paderborn, Germany
| | - Lee Josephine Brenker
- Department of Chemistry, Universität Paderborn, Warburger Straße 100, 33098 Paderborn, Germany
| | - Sebastian Frücht
- Department of Chemistry, Universität Paderborn, Warburger Straße 100, 33098 Paderborn, Germany
| | - Alexandra Glass
- Department of Chemistry, Universität Paderborn, Warburger Straße 100, 33098 Paderborn, Germany
| | - Ryland Giebelhaus
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, 11227 Saskatchewan Drive, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Axel Hoppe
- Department of Chemistry, Universität Paderborn, Warburger Straße 100, 33098 Paderborn, Germany
| | - Karen Kanemaru
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, 11227 Saskatchewan Drive, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Michal Lazarek
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, 11227 Saskatchewan Drive, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Lukas Rabbe
- Department of Chemistry, Universität Paderborn, Warburger Straße 100, 33098 Paderborn, Germany
| | - Longfei Song
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, 11227 Saskatchewan Drive, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Andrea Velasco Suarez
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, 11227 Saskatchewan Drive, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Shuang Wu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, 11227 Saskatchewan Drive, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Michael Serpe
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, 11227 Saskatchewan Drive, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G2, Canada
- Correspondence: (M.S.); (D.K.)
| | - Dirk Kuckling
- Department of Chemistry, Universität Paderborn, Warburger Straße 100, 33098 Paderborn, Germany
- Correspondence: (M.S.); (D.K.)
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Zhang Q, Liu G, Ou L. Electrochemical Biosensor for the Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease and Its Inhibitor Ebselen. INT J ELECTROCHEM SC 2022; 17:220421. [PMID: 37359208 PMCID: PMC10276345 DOI: 10.20964/2022.04.19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
This work reported an electrochemical method for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 major protease (Mpro). Specifically, ferrocene (Fc)-labeled peptide substrates were immobilized on the gold nanoparticles (AuNPs)-modified electrode. Cleavage of the peptides by Mpro led to the release of Fc tags and the decrease of the electrochemical signals. The analytical performance of the biosensor for analysis of Mpro was investigated. Inhibiting the activity of Mpro prevented the cleavage of the peptide substrates. The method was successfully used to evaluate the inhibition efficiency of a well-known inhibitor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiongyu Zhang
- School of Fundamental Sciences, Yongzhou Vocational Technical College, Yongzhou 425100, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Gang Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anyang Normal University, Anyang 455000, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingbin Ou
- School of Fundamental Sciences, Yongzhou Vocational Technical College, Yongzhou 425100, Hunan, People's Republic of China
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Feng Y, Liu G, La M, Liu L. Colorimetric and Electrochemical Methods for the Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease by Peptide-Triggered Assembly of Gold Nanoparticles. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27030615. [PMID: 35163874 PMCID: PMC8840628 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27030615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) main protease (Mpro) has been regarded as one of the ideal targets for the development of antiviral drugs. The currently used methods for the probing of Mpro activity and the screening of its inhibitors require the use of a double-labeled peptide substrate. In this work, we suggested that the label-free peptide substrate could induce the aggregation of AuNPs through the electrostatic interactions, and the cleavage of the peptide by the Mpro inhibited the aggregation of AuNPs. This fact allowed for the visual analysis of Mpro activity by observing the color change of the AuNPs suspension. Furthermore, the co-assembly of AuNPs and peptide was achieved on the peptide-covered electrode surface. Cleavage of the peptide substrate by the Mpro limited the formation of AuNPs/peptide assembles, thus allowing for the development of a simple and sensitive electrochemical method for Mpro detection in serum samples. The change of the electrochemical signal was easily monitored by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The detection limits of the colorimetric and electrochemical methods are 10 and 0.1 pM, respectively. This work should be valuable for the development of effective antiviral drugs and the design of novel optical and electrical biosensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunxiao Feng
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Pingdingshan University, Pingdingshan 467000, China;
| | - Gang Liu
- Henan Province of Key Laboratory of New Optoelectronic Functional Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anyang Normal University, Anyang 455000, China;
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450011, China
| | - Ming La
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Pingdingshan University, Pingdingshan 467000, China;
- Correspondence: (M.L.); (L.L.)
| | - Lin Liu
- Henan Province of Key Laboratory of New Optoelectronic Functional Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anyang Normal University, Anyang 455000, China;
- Correspondence: (M.L.); (L.L.)
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Yin Z, Peng J, Qiao Z, Zhang Y, Wei N. A fluorogenic probe for TRPA1 channel imaging based on a molecular rotation mechanism. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2nj01728h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A fluorescent probe for selectively visualizing the TRPA1 channel and rapidly screening its regulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengji Yin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Qingdao University Medical College, No. 1 Ningde Road, Qingdao 266073, China
| | - Junli Peng
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Qingdao University Medical College, No. 1 Ningde Road, Qingdao 266073, China
| | - Zhen Qiao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Qingdao University Medical College, No. 1 Ningde Road, Qingdao 266073, China
| | - Yanru Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Qingdao University Medical College, No. 1 Ningde Road, Qingdao 266073, China
| | - Ningning Wei
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Qingdao University Medical College, No. 1 Ningde Road, Qingdao 266073, China
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Moreira G, Casso-Hartmann L, Datta SPA, Dean D, McLamore E, Vanegas D. Development of a Biosensor Based on Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme II for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Detection in Human Saliva. FRONTIERS IN SENSORS 2022; 3:917380. [PMID: 35992634 PMCID: PMC9386735 DOI: 10.3389/fsens.2022.917380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the novel coronavirus responsible for COVID-19. Infection in humans requires angiotensin-converting enzyme II (hACE2) as the point of entry for SARS-CoV-2. PCR testing is generally definitive but expensive, although it is highly sensitive and accurate. Biosensor-based monitoring could be a low-cost, accurate, and non-invasive approach to improve testing capacity. We develop a capacitive hACE2 biosensor for intact SARS-CoV-2 detection in saliva. Laser-induced graphene (LIG) electrodes were modified with platinum nanoparticles. The quality control of LIG electrodes was performed using cyclic voltammetry. Truncated hACE2 was used as a biorecognition element and attached to the electrode surface by streptavidin-biotin coupling. Biolayer interferometry was used for qualitative interaction screening of hACE2 with UV-attenuated virions. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) was used for signal transduction. Truncated hACE2 binds wild-type SARS-CoV-2 and its variants with greater avidity than human coronavirus (common cold virus). The limit of detection (LoD) is estimated to be 2,960 copies/ml. The detection process usually takes less than 30 min. The strength of these features makes the hACE2 biosensor a potentially low-cost approach for screening SARS-CoV-2 in non-clinical settings with high demand for rapid testing (for example, schools and airports).
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Affiliation(s)
- Geisianny Moreira
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Earth Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, United States
- Global Alliance for Rapid Diagnostics, Michigan State University, Cambridge, MI, United States
| | - Lisseth Casso-Hartmann
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Earth Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, United States
| | - Shoumen Palit Austin Datta
- Medical Device (MDPnP) Interoperability and Cybersecurity Labs, Biomedical Engineering Program, Department of Anesthesiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA, United States
- MIT Auto-ID Labs, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Delphine Dean
- Center for Innovative Medical Devices and Sensors (REDDI Lab), Clemson University, Clemson, SC, United States
- Department of Bioengineering, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, United States
| | - Eric McLamore
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Earth Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, United States
- Global Alliance for Rapid Diagnostics, Michigan State University, Cambridge, MI, United States
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, United States
| | - Diana Vanegas
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Earth Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, United States
- Global Alliance for Rapid Diagnostics, Michigan State University, Cambridge, MI, United States
- Correspondence: Diana Vanegas,
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