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Sharma S, Selvan M, Naskar S, Mondal S, Adhya P, Mukhopadhyay T, Mondal T. Printable Graphene-Sustainable Elastomer-Based Cross Talk Free Sensor for Point of Care Diagnostics. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:57265-57280. [PMID: 36519850 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c17805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Developing sensors for monitoring physiological parameters such as temperature and strain for point of care (POC) diagnostics is critical for better care of the patients. Various commercial sensors are available to get the job done; however, challenges like the structural rigidity of such sensors confine their usage. As an alternative, flexible sensors have been looked upon recently. In most cases, flexible sensors cannot discriminate the signals from different stimuli. While there have been reports on the printable sensors providing cross-talk-free solutions, research related to developing sensors from a sustainable source providing discriminability between signals is not well-explored. Herein, we report the development of a stencil printable composition made of graphene and epoxidized natural rubber. The stencil printability index was vetted using rheological studies. Post usage, the developed sensor was dissolved in an organic solvent at room temperature. This, along with the choice of a sustainable elastomer, warrants the minimization of electronic waste and carbon footprint. The developed material demonstrated good conformability with the skin and could perceive and decouple the signals from temperature and strain without inducing any crosstalks. Using a representative volume element model, a comparison between experimental findings and computation studies was made. The developed sensors demonstrated gauge factors of -506 and 407 in the bending strain regimes of 0-0.04% and 0.04%-0.09%, respectively, while the temperature sensitivity was noted to be -0.96%/°C. The printed sensors demonstrated a multifunctional sensing behavior for monitoring various active physiological parameters ranging from temperature, strain, pulse, and breathing to auditory responses. Using a Bluetooth module, various parameters like temperature and strain could be monitored seamlessly in a smart-phone. The current development would be crucial to open new avenues to fabricate crosstalk-free sensors from sustainable sources for POC diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simran Sharma
- Rubber Technology Centre, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur721302, India
| | - Muthamil Selvan
- Rubber Technology Centre, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur721302, India
| | - Susmita Naskar
- Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Southampton, SouthamptonSO171BJ, United Kingdom
| | - Soumyadeep Mondal
- Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Southampton, SouthamptonSO171BJ, United Kingdom
| | - Pragyadipta Adhya
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur721302, India
| | - Tanmoy Mukhopadhyay
- Department of Aerospace Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur208016, India
| | - Titash Mondal
- Rubber Technology Centre, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur721302, India
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Selvan T M, Sharma S, Naskar S, Mondal S, Kaushal M, Mondal T. Printable Carbon Nanotube-Liquid Elastomer-Based Multifunctional Adhesive Sensors for Monitoring Physiological Parameters. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:45921-45933. [PMID: 36170637 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c13927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Developing a printed elastomeric wearable sensor with good conformity and proper adhesion to skin, coupled with the capability of monitoring various physiological parameters, is very crucial for the development of point-of-care sensing devices with high precision and sensitivity. While there have been previous reports on the fabrication of elastomeric multifunctional sensors, research on the printable elastomeric multifunctional adhesive sensor is not very well explored. Herein, we report the development of a stencil printable multifunctional adhesive sensor fabricated in a solvent-free condition, which demonstrated the capability of having good contact with skin and its ability to function as a temperature and strain sensor. Functionalized liquid isoprene rubber was selected as the matrix while carboxylated multiwalled carbon nanotubes (c-CNTs) were used as the nanofiller. The selection of the above model compounds facilitated the printability and also helped the same composition to demonstrate stretchability and adhesiveness. A realistic three-dimensional microstructure (representative volume element model) was generated through a computational framework for the current c-CNT-liquid elastomer. Further computational simulations were performed to test and validate the correlation between electrical responses to that of experimental studies. Various physiological parameters like motion sensing, pulse, respiratory rate, and phonetics detection were detected by leveraging the electrically resistive nature of the sensor. This development route can be extended toward developing different innovative adhesives for point-of-care sensing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muthamil Selvan T
- Rubber Technology Centre, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, India
| | - Simran Sharma
- Rubber Technology Centre, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, India
| | - Susmita Naskar
- Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, U.K
| | - Soumyadeep Mondal
- Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, U.K
| | - Manish Kaushal
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, India
| | - Titash Mondal
- Rubber Technology Centre, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, India
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Guchait A, Saxena A, Chattopadhyay S, Mondal T. Influence of Nanofillers on Adhesion Properties of Polymeric Composites. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:3844-3859. [PMID: 35155882 PMCID: PMC8829956 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c05448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Nanofillers (NFs) are becoming a ubiquitous choice for applications in different technological innovations in various fields, from biomedical devices to automotive product portfolios. Potential physical attributes like large surface areas, high surface energy, and lower structural imperfections make NFs a popular filler over microfillers. One specific application, where NFs are finding applications, is in adhesive science and technology. Incorporating NFs in the adhesive matrix is seen to tune the adhesives' different properties like wettability, rheology, etc. Additionally, the functional benefits (like electrical/thermal conductivity) of these NFs are translated into the adhesives' properties. Such an improvement in the properties is far to achieve using microfillers in the adhesive matrix. This mini-review provides an account of the impact of the addition of various nanofillers (NFs) on the properties of the adhesive composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aparna Guchait
- Rubber
Technology Centre, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, West Bengal, India, 721302
| | - Anubhav Saxena
- R&D, Pidilite Industries Limited, Ramakrishna Mandir Road, Andheri (E), Mumbai 400059, India
| | - Santanu Chattopadhyay
- Rubber
Technology Centre, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, West Bengal, India, 721302
| | - Titash Mondal
- Rubber
Technology Centre, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, West Bengal, India, 721302
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Seo OB, Saha S, Kim NH, Lee JH. Preparation of functionalized MXene-stitched-graphene oxide/poly (ethylene-co-acrylic acid) nanocomposite with enhanced hydrogen gas barrier properties. J Memb Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2021.119839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Kaur B, Kumar S, Mondal T, Phukan M, Saxena A, Dalavoy T, Bhowmick AK, Bhat S. Controlled Methodology for Development of a Polydimethylsiloxane-Polytetrafluoroethylene-Based Composite for Enhanced Chemical Resistance: A Structure-Property Relationship Study. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:22482-22493. [PMID: 32923807 PMCID: PMC7482242 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c02585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) polymers are highly appreciated materials that are broadly applied in several industries, from baby bottle nipples to rockets. Momentive researchers are continuously working to understand and expand the scope of PDMS-based materials. Fluorofunctional PDMS has helped the world to apply in specialty applications. Efforts are taken to develop such siloxane-fluoropolymer composite materials with good thermal, solvent, and chemical resistance performances. We leveraged inherently flexible PDMS as the model matrix, whereas polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) was used as the additive to impart the functional benefits, offering great value in comparison to the individual polymers. The composites were made at three different mixing temperatures, that is, 0-35 °C, and different loadings of PTFE, that is, 0.5-8% (w/w), were selected as the model condition. A strong dependency of the mixing temperature against the performance attributes of the developed composites was noted. Mechanical and thermal stability of the composites were evaluated along with optical properties. X-ray diffraction demonstrated the change in the crystallite size of the PTFE particles as a function of processing temperature. Compared to the phase II crystallite structure of the PTFE, the fibrils formed in phase IV imparted a better reinforcing capability toward the PDMS matrix. A synergistic balance between higher filler loading and mechanical properties of the composite can be achieved by doping the formulation with short-chain curable PDMS, with 238% increment of tensile strength at 8 wt % PTFE loading when compared to the control sample. The learning was extended to check the applicability of doping such PTFE powder in commercial liquid silicone rubber (LSR). In the window of study, the formulated LSR demonstrated improved mechanical properties with additional functional benefits like resistance toward engine oil and other chemical solvents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Banpreet Kaur
- Corporate
R&D, Momentive Performance Materials, Survey # 9, Electronic City West
(Phase-1), Hosur Road, Bangalore 560100, India
| | - Shubham Kumar
- Rubber
Technology Centre, Indian Institute of Technology
Kharagpur, Kharagpur, West Bengal 721302, India
| | - Titash Mondal
- Corporate
R&D, Momentive Performance Materials, Survey # 9, Electronic City West
(Phase-1), Hosur Road, Bangalore 560100, India
- Rubber
Technology Centre, Indian Institute of Technology
Kharagpur, Kharagpur, West Bengal 721302, India
| | - Monjit Phukan
- Momentive
Performance Materials Inc., 769 Old Saw Mill River Rd, Tarrytown, New York 10591, United States
| | - Anubhav Saxena
- Corporate
R&D, Momentive Performance Materials, Survey # 9, Electronic City West
(Phase-1), Hosur Road, Bangalore 560100, India
| | - Tulika Dalavoy
- Corporate
R&D, Momentive Performance Materials, Survey # 9, Electronic City West
(Phase-1), Hosur Road, Bangalore 560100, India
| | - Anil K. Bhowmick
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204-4004, United States
| | - Shreedhar Bhat
- Corporate
R&D, Momentive Performance Materials, Survey # 9, Electronic City West
(Phase-1), Hosur Road, Bangalore 560100, India
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Synergistic Effect of Expanded Graphite-Silane Functionalized Silica as a Hybrid Additive in Improving the Thermal Conductivity of Cementitious Grouts with Controllable Water Uptake. ENERGIES 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/en13143561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Recently, a growing demand for geothermal applications has led to the exploitation of energy efficiently by developing grouting materials in the borehole between pipes and the ground. Therefore, the current study developed newly formulated cementitious grouts by the integration of expanded graphite (EG)-based hybrid additives synthesized by building chemical bridges between silica particles and EG in the presence of amino functional silane coupling agents. These produced hybrid additives with controlled EG and silica ratios were utilized in grout mixtures used in borehole heat exchangers to enhance the thermal conductivity. According to the optimization study on the formulation development of grout mixtures with bentonite, silica sands, cement, and superplasticizer by adding neat EG and EG-based hybrids, the relationship between the carbon amount and water demand was found to have a significant impact on thermal conductivity. The highest thermal conductivity value of 2.656 W/mK was achieved by the incorporation of 5 wt% hybrid additive with the ratio silica/EG of 1:5 compared to the reference grout, which showed a thermal conductivity of 2.373 W/mK. Therefore, the enhancement in thermal conductivity was dependent on the increase in the EG content and also the additive loading ratio, resulting in a slight increase in the water demand.
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Gao S, Xu H, Fang Z, Ouadah A, Chen H, Chen X, Shi L, Ma B, Jing C, Zhu C. Highly sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone) grafted on graphene oxide as nanohybrid proton exchange membrane applied in fuel cells. Electrochim Acta 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2018.06.180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Ionic liquid modification of graphene oxide and its role towards controlling the porosity, and mechanical robustness of polyurethane foam. POLYMER 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2017.08.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Sang J, Aisawa S, Kudo T, Hirahara H, Mori K. Integration of Peroxide-Cured Rubber/Rubber Through Covalent Grafting of a Thiol-Linked Molecular Layer. Ind Eng Chem Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.6b00969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Sang
- Department
of Frontier Materials and Function Engineering, Graduate School of
Engineering, Iwate University, 4-3-5, Ueda, Morioka 020-8551, Japan
| | - Sumio Aisawa
- Department
of Frontier Materials and Function Engineering, Graduate School of
Engineering, Iwate University, 4-3-5, Ueda, Morioka 020-8551, Japan
| | - Takahiro Kudo
- Sulfur Chemical Institute, 210,
Collabo MIU, 4-3-5, Ueda, Morioka 020-0066, Japan
| | - Hidetoshi Hirahara
- Department
of Frontier Materials and Function Engineering, Graduate School of
Engineering, Iwate University, 4-3-5, Ueda, Morioka 020-8551, Japan
| | - Kunio Mori
- Department
of Frontier Materials and Function Engineering, Graduate School of
Engineering, Iwate University, 4-3-5, Ueda, Morioka 020-8551, Japan
- Sulfur Chemical Institute, 210,
Collabo MIU, 4-3-5, Ueda, Morioka 020-0066, Japan
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Mondal T, Ashkar R, Butler P, Bhowmick AK, Krishnamoorti R. Graphene Nanocomposites with High Molecular Weight Poly(ε-caprolactone) Grafts: Controlled Synthesis and Accelerated Crystallization. ACS Macro Lett 2016; 5:278-282. [PMID: 35614721 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.5b00930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Grafting of high molecular weight polymers to graphitic nanoplatelets is a critical step toward the development of high performance graphene nanocomposites. However, designing such a grafting route has remained a major impediment. Herein, we report a "grafting to" synthetic pathway by which high molecular weight polymer, poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL), is tethered, at high grafting density, to highly anisotropic graphitic nanoplatelets. The efficacy of this tethering route and the resultant structural arrangements within the composite are confirmed by neutron and X-ray scattering measurements in the melt and solution phase. In the semicrystalline state, X-ray analysis indicates that chain tethering onto the graphitic nanoplatelets results in conformational changes of the polymer chains, which enhance the nucleation process and aid formation of PCL crystallites. This is corroborated by the superior thermal properties of the composite, manifested in accelerated crystallization kinetics and a significant increase in the thermal degradation temperature. In principle, this synthesis route can be extended to a variety of high molecular weight polymers, which can open new avenues to solution-based processing of graphitic nanomaterials and the fabrication of complex 3D patterned graphitic nanocomposites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Titash Mondal
- Department
of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Patna, Bihar, India 800013
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, United States
- Rubber
Technology Centre, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, West Bengal, India 721302
| | - Rana Ashkar
- Materials
Science and Engineering Department, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
- NIST Center
for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - Paul Butler
- NIST Center
for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19711, United States
| | - Anil K. Bhowmick
- Rubber
Technology Centre, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, West Bengal, India 721302
| | - Ramanan Krishnamoorti
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, United States
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Mondal T, Chandra V, Bhowmick AK. Unique method to improve the thermal properties of bisphenol A tetraacrylate by graphite oxide induced space confinement. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra22252h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Improvement of the thermal properties of bisphenol A tetraacrylate by graphite oxide induced space confinement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Titash Mondal
- Rubber Technology Center
- Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur
- India 721302
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Patna
| | - Varunesh Chandra
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Patna
- India 800013
| | - Anil K. Bhowmick
- Rubber Technology Center
- Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur
- India 721302
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