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Mohanraj B, Duan G, Peredo A, Kim M, Tu F, Lee D, Dodge GR, Mauck RL. Mechanically-Activated Microcapsules for 'On-Demand' Drug Delivery in Dynamically Loaded Musculoskeletal Tissues. ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS 2019; 29:1807909. [PMID: 32655335 PMCID: PMC7351315 DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201807909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Delivery of biofactors in a precise and controlled fashion remains a clinical challenge. Stimuli-responsive delivery systems can facilitate 'on-demand' release of therapeutics in response to a variety of physiologic triggering mechanisms (e.g. pH, temperature). However, few systems to date have taken advantage of mechanical inputs from the microenvironment to initiate drug release. Here, we developed mechanically-activated microcapsules (MAMCs) that are designed to deliver therapeutics in an on-demand fashion in response to the mechanically loaded environment of regenerating musculoskeletal tissues, with the ultimate goal of furthering tissue repair. To establish a suite of microcapsules with different thresholds for mechano-activation, we first manipulated MAMC physical dimensions and composition, and evaluated their mechano-response under both direct 2D compression and in 3D matrices mimicking the extracellular matrix properties and dynamic loading environment of regenerating tissue. To demonstrate the feasibility of this delivery system, we used an engineered cartilage model to test the efficacy of mechanically-instigated release of TGF-β3 on the chondrogenesis of mesenchymal stem cells. These data establish a novel platform by which to tune the release of therapeutics and/or regenerative factors based on the physiologic dynamic mechanical loading environment, and will find widespread application in the repair and regeneration of numerous musculoskeletal tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhavana Mohanraj
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
- McKay Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
- Translational Musculoskeletal Research Center, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Gang Duan
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Ana Peredo
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
- McKay Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Miju Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Fuquan Tu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Daeyeon Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - George R. Dodge
- McKay Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
- Translational Musculoskeletal Research Center, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Robert L. Mauck
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
- McKay Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
- Translational Musculoskeletal Research Center, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA 19104
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Trushina DB, Bukreeva TV, Borodina TN, Belova DD, Belyakov S, Antipina MN. Heat-driven size reduction of biodegradable polyelectrolyte multilayer hollow capsules assembled on CaCO3 template. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2018; 170:312-321. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2018.06.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2018] [Revised: 06/14/2018] [Accepted: 06/17/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Huang NP, De Paul SM, Textor M. “Docking Sites”: Nanometer-Scale Organization of a Reactive, Protein-resistant, Graft Copolymer-Based Interface for Macromolecule Immobilization. Biomacromolecules 2011; 12:4213-20. [DOI: 10.1021/bm2009872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ning-Ping Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics,
School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, P.R. China
- Laboratory for Surface Science
and Technology, Department of Materials, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, ETH-Zurich, Wolfgang-Pauli-Strasse
10, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Susan M. De Paul
- Laboratory for Surface Science
and Technology, Department of Materials, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, ETH-Zurich, Wolfgang-Pauli-Strasse
10, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Marcus Textor
- Laboratory for Surface Science
and Technology, Department of Materials, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, ETH-Zurich, Wolfgang-Pauli-Strasse
10, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
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Liu Y, Yu B, Hao J, Zhou F. Amination of surfaces via self-assembly of dopamine. J Colloid Interface Sci 2011; 362:127-34. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2011.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2011] [Revised: 05/31/2011] [Accepted: 06/02/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Shukla P, Gupta G, Singodia D, Shukla R, Verma AK, Dwivedi P, Kansal S, Mishra PR. Emerging trend in nano-engineered polyelectrolyte-based surrogate carriers for delivery of bioactives. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2010; 7:993-1011. [PMID: 20716016 DOI: 10.1517/17425247.2010.510830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
IMPORTANCE OF THE FIELD In recent decades a new colloidal drug delivery system based on layer-by-layer (LbL) technology has emerged, which offers promising means of delivering bioactive agents, specifically biological macromolecules including peptides and DNA. Nano-engineered capsules specifically fabricated from biocompatible and biodegradable polyelectrolytes (PEs) can provide a better option for encapsulation of cells thereby protecting cells from immunological molecules in the body, and their selective permeability can ensure the survival of encapsulated cells. AREAS COVERED IN THIS REVIEW This review encompasses a strategic approach to fabricate nano-engineered microcapsules through meticulous selection of polyelectrolytes and core materials based on LbL technology. The content of the article provides evidence for its wide array of applications in medical therapeutics, as indicated by the quantity of research and patents in this area. Recent developments and approaches for tuning drug release, biocompatibility and cellular interaction are discussed thoroughly. WHAT THE READER WILL GAIN This review aims to provide an overview on the development of LbL capsules with specific orientation towards drug and macromolecular delivery and its integration with other drug delivery systems, such as liposomes. TAKE HOME MESSAGE Selection of PEs for the fabrication of LbL microcapsules has a profound effect on stability, drug release, biocompatibility and encapsulation efficacy. The release can be easily modulated by varying different physicochemical as well as physiological conditions. Scale-up approaches for the fabrication of LbL microcapsules by means of automation must be considered to improve the possibility of application of LbL microcapsules on a large scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prashant Shukla
- Central Drug Research Institute, Pharmaceutis Division, Chattar Manzil Palace, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Wattendorf U, Merkle HP. PEGylation as a tool for the biomedical engineering of surface modified microparticles. J Pharm Sci 2009; 97:4655-69. [PMID: 18306270 DOI: 10.1002/jps.21350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Microparticles are of considerable interest for drug delivery, vaccination and diagnostic imaging. In order to obtain microparticles with long circulation times, or to provide the prerequisite for tissue specific targeting through decoration with suitable ligands, their surfaces need to be modified such that they become repellent to the adsorption of opsonic proteins and resistant to unspecific phagocytosis. The currently most considered strategy relies on the immobilisation of a poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) corona onto the microparticles' surface. In the first chapter of this review, we discuss the unique physicochemical properties of PEG, which make it the polymer of choice to render the surfaces of microparticles repellent to the adsorption of proteins and resistant to cellular recognition. Furthermore, we present various technologies for the preparation of microparticles with PEGylated surfaces. Another aspect is the decoration of the PEGylated surfaces with suitable ligands for cell specific recognition and targeting. Finally, we review miscellaneous applications of PEGylated microparticles, mainly focusing on the fields of drug delivery, targeting and vaccination. Although still in its infancy, the PEGylation of microparticles holds promise towards future biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uta Wattendorf
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
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Szyk-Warszynska L, Trybala A. Deposition of core latex particles encapsulated in polyelectrolyte shells at modified mica surfaces. J Colloid Interface Sci 2007; 314:398-404. [PMID: 17662993 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2007.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2007] [Revised: 06/01/2007] [Accepted: 06/01/2007] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We used an oblique impinging jet (OIJ) cell to determine the initial deposition rates of model microcapsules at bare and modified by multilayer polyelectrolyte (PE) film mica surfaces. The transport conditions in the cell were quantitatively established by studying the kinetics of deposition of negatively charged latex at mica surfaces converted to positively charged by adsorption of (3-aminoprolyl)triethoxysilane. The dependence of reduced particle flux on the Reynolds number of the flow in the OIJ cell was determined by a direct counting of particles deposited on the mica surface. The results are described in terms of convective-diffusion theory taking into account hydrodynamic, dispersive, and electrostatic interactions, between the charged particles/capsules and the mica plate. In this way, transport conditions in the cell were characterized and they were used to interpret the results concerning the deposition of microcapsules with PE shells of various thickness obtained by layer-by-layer polyelectrolyte adsorption on colloidal cores. We demonstrated that the initial deposition rate of capsules is governed by the charge of the solid/liquid interface and the outermost layer of the capsule shell, and is largely independent of the thickness of the capsule shell or the number of PE layers at the mica surface. The deposition rates were in good agreement with theoretical predictions derived from the convective-diffusion theory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilianna Szyk-Warszynska
- Institute of Catalysis and Surface Chemistry, Polish Academy of Science, ul. Niezapominajek 8, 30-239 Krakow, Poland.
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