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Bian L, Shan S, Lian Y, Xiao L, Liu D, Li C, Xu H, Yan B. Ab Initio Study on Electronic Excited States of Monochlorosilylene. J Phys Chem A 2024; 128:3170-3179. [PMID: 38624170 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.4c01487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
We perform a high-level ab initio study on 20 electronic states of monochlorosilylene (HSiCl) using an internally contracted multireference configuration interaction method including Davidson correction (icMRCI+Q). The spin-orbit coupling (SOC) effect is investigated, leading to splitting of the 20 spin-orbit-free states into 50 spin-orbit-coupled states. Vertical transition energies, oscillator strengths, and potential energy curves are presented with and without considering the SOC effect. Analysis indicates that the SOC effect plays an important role, especially for the high-lying excited states of HSiCl. The state interaction and the dynamics of the electronic states of HSiCl in the ultraviolet region are discussed based on our calculation results. Our study paves the way to understanding the behavior of electronic excited states of monochlorosilylene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Bian
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Shimin Shan
- School of Science, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China
| | - Yi Lian
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Lidan Xiao
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Di Liu
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Chao Li
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Haifeng Xu
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Bing Yan
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
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Rothschopf G, Smith TC, Clouthier DJ. Barely fluorescent molecules I: Twin-discharge jet laser-induced fluorescence spectroscopy of HSnCl and DSnCl. J Chem Phys 2022; 156:184307. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0090628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The divalent tin transient molecules HSnCl and DSnCl have been detected for the first time by laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) spectroscopy. HSnCl/DSnCl were produced in a twin-discharge jet using separate precursor streams of SnH4/SnD4 and the discharge products from HCl/DCl, both diluted in high pressure argon. The A 1A ² - X 1A ¢ spectrum of HSnCl consists of a single vibronic 0 band with a very short fluorescence lifetime (~30 ns). In contrast, the LIF spectrum of DSnCl exhibits three bands (0, 2 and 2) whose fluorescence lifetimes decrease from 393 ns (00) to less than 10 ns (22). Single vibronic level emission spectra have been recorded, providing information on all three vibrational modes in the ground state. Previous detailed ab initio studies indicate that these molecules dissociate into SnCl + H on the excited state potential surface and this is the cause of the short fluorescence lifetimes and breaking off of the fluorescence. It is fortunate that the HSnCl excited state zero-point level is still fluorescent or it would not be detectable by LIF spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tony C Smith
- Research and Development, Ideal Vacuum Products, United States of America
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Tarroni R, Clouthier DJ. Which Triatomic Monohalosilylenes, Monohalogermylenes, and Monohalostannylenes (HMX) Fluoresce or Phosphoresce and Why? An Ab Initio Investigation. J Chem Phys 2022; 156:064304. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0083068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Tarroni
- Dipartimento di Chimica Industriale, University of Bologna Department of Industrial Chemistry Toso Montanari, Italy
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Tapavicza E. Generating Function Approach to Single Vibronic Level Fluorescence Spectra. J Phys Chem Lett 2019; 10:6003-6009. [PMID: 31539261 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.9b02273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
An efficient time-dependent generating function method to compute vibronic emission and absorption spectra arising from transitions from a singly excited vibrational initial state is presented. In contrast to existing finite temperature approaches that intrinsically contain these transitions weighted by a Boltzmann factor, the current approach allows one to calculate these transitions individually. Using vibrational frequencies and normal modes computed by the second-order approximate coupled cluster (CC2) method, this formalism is used to compute the single vibronic level (SVL) fluorescence spectra of anthracene. Calculated spectra are in excellent agreement with spectra measured in jet-cooled expansion experiments. Duschinsky mixing is necessary to explain intensities of certain peaks. In a few cases, CC2, however, underestimates Duschinsky mixing, leading to too low peak intensities. An empirical correction of the Duschinsky matrix is presented. The presented method has the potential to facilitate the assignment and interpretation of SVL fluorescence spectra.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrico Tapavicza
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , California State University, Long Beach , 1250 Bellflower Boulevard , Long Beach , California 90840 , United States
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Cannelli O, Giovannini T, Baiardi A, Carlotti B, Elisei F, Cappelli C. Understanding the interplay between the solvent and nuclear rearrangements in the negative solvatochromism of a push–pull flexible quinolinium cation. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:32544-32555. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cp07104c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The main effects (solvation, vibronic progression) affecting the band position and shape of a push–pull flexible quinolinium cation OPA are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliviero Cannelli
- Scuola Normale Superiore
- Pisa
- Italy
- Laboratoire de Spectroscopie Ultrarapide
- ISIC-FSB
| | | | | | - Benedetta Carlotti
- Department of Chemistry
- Biology and Biotechnology and Centro di Eccellenza sui Materiali Innovativi Nanostrutturati (CEMIN)
- University of Perugia
- via Elce di Sotto 8
- 06123 Perugia
| | - Fausto Elisei
- Department of Chemistry
- Biology and Biotechnology and Centro di Eccellenza sui Materiali Innovativi Nanostrutturati (CEMIN)
- University of Perugia
- via Elce di Sotto 8
- 06123 Perugia
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Mok DKW, Lee EPF, Dyke JM. Simulation of the single-vibronic-level emission spectra of HAsO and DAsO. J Chem Phys 2016; 144:184303. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4948648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel K. W. Mok
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong
| | - Edmond P. F. Lee
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong
- School of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom
| | - John M. Dyke
- School of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom
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Mok DKW, Lee EPF, Chau FT, Dyke JM. Simulation of the single-vibronic-level emission spectrum of HPS. J Chem Phys 2014; 140:194311. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4875806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
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Ab Initio Potential Energy Surfaces for Both the Ground (X̃1A′) and Excited (A∼1A′′) Electronic States of HSiBr and the Absorption and Emission Spectra of HSiBr/DSiBr. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1155/2012/572148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Ab initio potential energy surfaces for the ground (X̃1A′) and excited (A˜A′′1) electronic states of HSiBr were obtained by using the single and double excitation coupled-cluster theory with a noniterative perturbation treatment of triple excitations and the multireference configuration interaction with Davidson correction, respectively, employing an augmented correlation-consistent polarized valence quadruple zeta basis set. The calculated vibrational energy levels of HSiBr and DSiBr of the ground and excited electronic states are in excellent agreement with the available experimental band origins. In addition, the absorption and emission spectra of HSiBr and DSiBr were calculated using an efficient single Lanczos propagation method and are in good agreement with the available experimental observations.
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Mok DKW, Lee EPF, Chau FT, Dyke JM. Franck-Condon simulation, including anharmonicity, of the photodetachment spectrum of P2H(-): restricted-spin coupled-cluster single-double plus perturbative triple and unrestricted-spin coupled-cluster single-double plus perturbative triple -F12x potential energy functions of P2H and P2H(-). J Chem Phys 2011; 135:124312. [PMID: 21974527 DOI: 10.1063/1.3640037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Geometry optimization and harmonic vibrational frequency calculations have been carried out on the X̃(2)A(') state of P(2)H and the X̃(1)A(') state of P(2)H(-) using the restricted-spin coupled-cluster single-double plus perturbative triple excitation [RCCSD(T)] and explicitly correlated unrestricted-spin coupled-cluster single-double plus perturbative triple excitation [UCCSD(T)-F12x] methods. For RCCSD(T) calculations, basis sets of up to the augmented correlation-consistent polarized valence quintuple-zeta (aug-cc-pV5Z) quality were employed, and contributions from extrapolation to the complete basis set limit and from core correlation of the P 2s(2)2p(6) electrons were also included. For UCCSD(T)-F12x calculations, different atomic orbital basis sets of triple-zeta quality with different associated complementary auxiliary basis sets and different geminal Slater exponents were used. When the P 2s(2)2p(6) core electrons were correlated in these F12x calculations, appropriate core-valence basis sets were employed. In addition, potential energy functions (PEFs) of the X̃(2)A(') state of P(2)H and the X̃(1)A(') state of P(2)H(-) were computed at different RCCSD(T) and UCCSD(T)-F12x levels, and were used in variational calculations of anharmonic vibrational wavefunctions, which were then utilized to calculate Franck-Condon factors (FCFs) between these two states, employing a method which includes allowance for anharmonicity and Duschinsky rotation. The photodetachment spectrum of P(2)H(-) was then simulated using the computed FCFs. Simulated spectra obtained using the RCCSD(T)/aug-cc-pV5Z and UCCSD(T)-F12x(x = a or b)/aug-cc-pCVTZ PEFs are compared and found to be essentially identical. Based on the computed FCFs, a more detailed assignment of the observed vibrational structure than previously reported, which includes "hot bands," has been proposed. Comparison between simulated and available experimental spectra has been made, and the currently most reliable sets of equilibrium geometrical parameters for P(2)H and its anion have been derived. The photodetachment spectrum of P(2)D, yet to be recorded, has also been simulated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel K W Mok
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong.
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Ehara M, Oyagi F, Abe Y, Fukuda R, Nakatsuji H. Excited-state geometries and vibrational frequencies studied using the analytical energy gradients of the direct symmetry-adapted cluster–configuration interaction method. I. HAX-type molecules. J Chem Phys 2011; 135:044316. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3617233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Lin S, Xie D. Newab initiopotential energy surfaces for both the ground (X̃1A′) and excited (Ã1A″) electronic states of HSiCl and the absorption and emission spectra of HSiCl/DSiCl. J Comput Chem 2011; 32:1694-702. [DOI: 10.1002/jcc.21751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2010] [Revised: 12/03/2010] [Accepted: 12/16/2010] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Mok DKW, Chau FT, Lee EPF, Dyke JM. High-level ab initio calculations on HGeCl and the equilibrium geometry of the A1A'' state derived from Franck-Condon analysis of the single-vibronic-level emission spectra of HGeCl and DGeCl. J Comput Chem 2009; 31:476-91. [PMID: 19499544 DOI: 10.1002/jcc.21331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
CCSD(T) and/or CASSCF/MRCI calculations have been carried out on the X(1)A' and A(1)A'' states of HGeCl. The fully relativistic effective core potential, ECP10MDF, and associated standard valence basis sets of up to the aug-cc-pV5Z quality were employed for Ge. Contributions from core correlation and extrapolation to the complete basis set limit were included in determining the computed equilibrium geometrical parameters and relative electronic energy of these two states of HGeCl. Based on the currently, most systematic CCSD(T) calculations performed in this study, the best theoretical geometrical parameters of the X(1)A' state are r(e)(HGe) = 1.580 +/- 0.001 A, theta(e) = 93.88 +/- 0.01 degrees and r(e)(GeCl) = 2.170 +/- 0.001 A. In addition, Franck-Condon factors including allowance for anharmonicity and Duschinsky rotation between these two states of HGeCl and DGeCl were calculated employing CCSD(T) and CASSCF/MRCI potential energy functions, and were used to simulate A(1)A'' --> X(1)A' SVL emission spectra of HGeCl and DGeCl. The iterative Franck-Condon analysis (IFCA) procedure was carried out to determine the equilibrium geometrical parameters of the A(1)A'' state of HGeCl by matching the simulated, and available experimental SVL emission spectra of HGeCl and DGeCl of Tackett et al., J Chem Phys 2006, 124, 124320, using the available, estimated experimental equilibrium (r(e)(z)) structure for the X(1)A' state, while varying the equilibrium geometrical parameters of the A(1)A'' state systematically. Employing the derived IFCA geometry of r(e)(HGe) = 1.590 A, r(e)(GeCl) = 2.155 A and theta(e)(HGeCl) = 112.7 degrees for the A(1)A'' state of HGeCl in the spectral simulation, the simulated absorption and SVL emission spectra of HGeCl and DGeCl agree very well with the available experimental LIF and SVL emission spectra, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel K W Mok
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, the Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong.
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