1
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Liu L, Chen J, Wang MM, Huang Y, Qian Y, Xue X, Su Z, Liu HK. The cyclometalated iridium (III) complex based on 9-Anthracenecarboxylic acid as a lysosomal-targeted anticancer agent. J Inorg Biochem 2022; 235:111913. [PMID: 35905643 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2022.111913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
9-Anthracenecarboxylic acid (9-Ac) was reported early as a chloride channel inhibitor and was found to exhibit significant anti-proliferative activity on leukemic cells, but has not been researched in solid tumor cells. Herein, a 9-anthraceneic acid derivative was introduced into the cyclometalated Iridium (III) species to construct a novel Iridium (Ir) complex Ir-9-Ac, [Ir(ppy)2(9-Ac-L)]PF6 (ppy = 2-phenylpyridine, 9-Ac-L = N-((4'-methyl-[2,2'-bipyridin]-4-yl)methyl)anthracene-9-carboxamide), which could accumulated in lysosomes. Ir-9-Ac showed good cytotoxic activity against several tumor cell lines, notably on A549 cells. Besides Ir-9-Ac could inhibit the cell colony formation and growth of the 3D cell spheroids, demonstrating the potential to suppress tumors in vivo. This design provided a platform for the design of cyclometalated Iridium (III) anticancer complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Liu
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jun Chen
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Meng-Meng Wang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yuanlei Huang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yong Qian
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xuling Xue
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Zhi Su
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Hong-Ke Liu
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China.
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2
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Liu L, Kong Y, He L, Wang X, Wang M, Xu H, Yang C, Su Z, Zhao J, Mao Z, Huang Y, Liu H. A Rhein‐based Rh(
III
) Arene complex with anti‐tumor cell proliferative activity inhibits
RNA
demethylase
FTO. CHINESE J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.202100901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lu Liu
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University Jiangsu 210023 China
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 201203 China
| | - Yaqiong Kong
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University Jiangsu 210023 China
| | - Liang He
- School of Chemistry, Sun Yat‐Sen University Guangzhou 510275 China
| | - Xiuxiu Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University Jiangsu 210023 China
| | - Meng‐Meng Wang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University Jiangsu 210023 China
| | - Hongjiao Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 201203 China
| | - Cai‐Guang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 201203 China
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Hangzhou 310024
| | - Zhi Su
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University Jiangsu 210023 China
| | - Jing Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University Jiangsu 210023 China
| | - Zong‐Wan Mao
- School of Chemistry, Sun Yat‐Sen University Guangzhou 510275 China
| | - Yue Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 201203 China
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Hangzhou 310024
| | - Hong‐Ke Liu
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University Jiangsu 210023 China
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3
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Vidal A, Adamo F, Iengo E, Alessio E. Models of molecular photocatalysts for water oxidation: Strategies for conjugating the Ru(bda) fragment (bda = 2,2′-bipyridine-6,6′-dicarboxylate) to porphyrin photosensitizers. Inorganica Chim Acta 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2020.120143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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4
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Winter A, Schubert US. Metal‐Terpyridine Complexes in Catalytic Application – A Spotlight on the Last Decade. ChemCatChem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201902290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Winter
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC)Friedrich Schiller University Jena Humboldtstr. 10 07743 Jena Germany
- Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC Jena) Philosophenweg 7a 07743 Jena Germany
| | - Ulrich S. Schubert
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC)Friedrich Schiller University Jena Humboldtstr. 10 07743 Jena Germany
- Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC Jena) Philosophenweg 7a 07743 Jena Germany
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5
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Zhang HT, Zhang MT. The Application of Pincer Ligand in Catalytic Water Splitting. TOP ORGANOMETAL CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/3418_2020_71] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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6
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Covalent bonding photosensitizer–catalyst dyads of ruthenium-based complexes designed for enhanced visible-light-driven water oxidation performance. TRANSIT METAL CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s11243-018-00301-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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7
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Mede T, Jäger M, Schubert US. "Chemistry-on-the-complex": functional Ru II polypyridyl-type sensitizers as divergent building blocks. Chem Soc Rev 2018; 47:7577-7627. [PMID: 30246196 DOI: 10.1039/c8cs00096d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Ruthenium polypyridyl type complexes are potent photoactive compounds, and have found - among others - a broad range of important applications in the fields of biomedical diagnosis and phototherapy, energy conversion schemes such as dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) and molecular assemblies for tailored photo-initiated processes. In this regard, the linkage of RuII polypyridyl-type complexes with specific functional moieties is highly desirable to enhance their inherent photophysical properties, e.g., with a targeting function to achieve cell selectivity, or with a dye or redox-active subunits for energy- and electron-transfer. However, the classical approach of performing ligand syntheses first and the formation of Ru complexes in the last steps imposes synthetic limitations with regard to tolerating functional groups or moieties as well as requiring lengthy convergent routes. Alternatively, the diversification of Ru complexes after coordination (termed "chemistry-on-the-complex") provides an elegant complementary approach. In addition to the Click chemistry concept, the rapidly developing synthesis and purification methodologies permit the preparation of Ru conjugates via amidation, alkylation and cross-coupling reactions. In this regard, recent developments in chromatography shifted the limits of purification, e.g., by using new commercialized surface-modified silica gels and automated instrumentation. This review provides detailed insights into applying the "chemistry-on-the-complex" concept, which is believed to stimulate the modular preparation of unpreceded molecular assemblies as well as functional materials based on Ru-based building blocks, including combinatorial approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tina Mede
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstraße 10, 07743 Jena, Germany.
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8
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Dhiman R, Nagaraja CM. Synthesis, Structure, and Water Oxidation Activity of Ruthenium(II) Complexes: Influence of Intramolecular Redox Process on O
2
Evolution. Eur J Inorg Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201800105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rekha Dhiman
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology Ropar 140001 Rupnagar Punjab India
| | - C. M. Nagaraja
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology Ropar 140001 Rupnagar Punjab India
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9
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Kong Y, Chen F, Su Z, Qian Y, Wang FX, Wang X, Zhao J, Mao ZW, Liu HK. Bioactive ruthenium(II)-arene complexes containing modified 18β-glycyrrhetinic acid ligands. J Inorg Biochem 2018; 182:194-199. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2018.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2017] [Revised: 01/09/2018] [Accepted: 02/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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10
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Viere EJ, Kuhn AE, Roeder MH, Piro NA, Kassel WS, Dudley TJ, Paul JJ. Spectroelectrochemical studies of a ruthenium complex containing the pH sensitive 4,4'-dihydroxy-2,2'-bipyridine ligand. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:4149-4161. [PMID: 29473071 DOI: 10.1039/c7dt04554a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Attaining high oxidation states at the metal center of transition metal complexes is a key design principle for many catalytic processes. One way to support high oxidation state chemistry is to utilize ligands that are electron-donating in nature. Understanding the structural and electronic changes of metal complexes as higher oxidation states are reached is critical towards designing more robust catalysts that are able to turn over at high rates without decomposing. To this end, we report herein the changes in structural and electronic properties as [Ru(bpy)2(44'bpy(OH)2)]2+ is oxidized to [Ru(bpy)2(44'bpy(OH)2)]3+ (bpy = 2,2'-bipyridine; 44'bpy(OH)2 = 4,4'-dihydroxy-2,2'-bipyridine). The 44'bpy(OH)2 ligand is a pH-dependent ligand where deprotonation of the hydroxyl groups leads to significant electronic donation to the metal center. A Pourbaix Diagram of the complex reveals a pH independent reduction potential below pH = 2.0 for the Ru3+/2+ process at 0.91 V vs. Ag/AgCl. Above pH = 2.0, pH dependence is observed with a decrease in reduction potential until pH = 6.8 where the complex is completely deprotonated, resulting in a reduction potential of 0.62 V vs. Ag/AgCl. Spectroelectrochemical studies as a function of pH reveal the disappearance of the Metal to Ligand Charge Transfer (MLCT) or Mixed Metal-Ligand to Charge Transfer bands upon oxidation and the appearance of a new low energy band. DFT calculations for this low energy band were carried out using both B3LYP and M06-L functionals for all protonation states and suggest that numerous new transition types occur upon oxidation to Ru3+.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin J Viere
- Department of Chemistry, Villanova University, 800 Lancaster Ave., Villanova, PA 19085, USA..
| | - Ashley E Kuhn
- Department of Chemistry, Villanova University, 800 Lancaster Ave., Villanova, PA 19085, USA..
| | - Margaret H Roeder
- Department of Chemistry, Villanova University, 800 Lancaster Ave., Villanova, PA 19085, USA..
| | - Nicholas A Piro
- Department of Chemistry, Albright College, 1621 N. 13th Street, Reading, PA 19604, USA
| | - W Scott Kassel
- Department of Chemistry, Villanova University, 800 Lancaster Ave., Villanova, PA 19085, USA..
| | - Timothy J Dudley
- Math, Science and Technology Department, University of Minnesota Crookston, 2900 University Ave., Crookston, MN 56716, USA
| | - Jared J Paul
- Department of Chemistry, Villanova University, 800 Lancaster Ave., Villanova, PA 19085, USA..
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11
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Alibabaei L, Brennaman MK, Meyer TJ. Light-Driven Water Splitting in the Dye-Sensitized Photoelectrosynthesis Cell. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-10-5924-7_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/10/2023]
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12
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Patel J, Majee K, Ahmad E, Vatsa A, Das B, Padhi SK. Electronic Effect on Catalytic Water Oxidation by Single Site [Ru(QCl-tpy)(bpy)(OH2)]2+Catalyst. ChemistrySelect 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201601914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jully Patel
- Artificial Photosynthesis Lab; Department of Applied Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology (ISM), Dhanbad, India, 826004
| | - Karunamay Majee
- Artificial Photosynthesis Lab; Department of Applied Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology (ISM), Dhanbad, India, 826004
| | - Ejaz Ahmad
- Artificial Photosynthesis Lab; Department of Applied Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology (ISM), Dhanbad, India, 826004
| | - Aditi Vatsa
- Artificial Photosynthesis Lab; Department of Applied Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology (ISM), Dhanbad, India, 826004
| | - Babulal Das
- Department of Chemistry; IIT Guwahati, Assam; India 781039
| | - Sumanta Kumar Padhi
- Artificial Photosynthesis Lab; Department of Applied Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology (ISM), Dhanbad, India, 826004
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13
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Nair NV, Zhou R, Thummel RP. The synthesis, photophysical properties and water oxidation studies of a series of novel photosensitizer–catalyst assemblies. Inorganica Chim Acta 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2016.02.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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14
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Brennaman MK, Dillon RJ, Alibabaei L, Gish MK, Dares CJ, Ashford DL, House RL, Meyer GJ, Papanikolas JM, Meyer TJ. Finding the Way to Solar Fuels with Dye-Sensitized Photoelectrosynthesis Cells. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:13085-13102. [PMID: 27654634 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b06466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 207] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The dye-sensitized photoelectrosynthesis cell (DSPEC) integrates high bandgap, nanoparticle oxide semiconductors with the light-absorbing and catalytic properties of designed chromophore-catalyst assemblies. The goals are photoelectrochemical water splitting into hydrogen and oxygen and reduction of CO2 by water to give oxygen and carbon-based fuels. Solar-driven water oxidation occurs at a photoanode and water or CO2 reduction at a cathode or photocathode initiated by molecular-level light absorption. Light absorption is followed by electron or hole injection, catalyst activation, and catalytic water oxidation or water/CO2 reduction. The DSPEC is of recent origin but significant progress has been made. It has the potential to play an important role in our energy future.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kyle Brennaman
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , CB#3290, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
| | - Robert J Dillon
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , CB#3290, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
| | - Leila Alibabaei
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , CB#3290, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
| | - Melissa K Gish
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , CB#3290, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
| | - Christopher J Dares
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , CB#3290, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
| | - Dennis L Ashford
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , CB#3290, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
| | - Ralph L House
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , CB#3290, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
| | - Gerald J Meyer
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , CB#3290, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
| | - John M Papanikolas
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , CB#3290, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
| | - Thomas J Meyer
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , CB#3290, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
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15
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Majewski MB, Smith JG, Wolf MO, Patrick BO. Long‐Lived, Emissive Excited States in Direct and Amide‐Linked Thienyl‐Substituted Ru
II
Complexes. Eur J Inorg Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201501436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marek B. Majewski
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z1, Canada, http://https://groups.chem.ubc.ca/wolf/
| | - Jeremy G. Smith
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z1, Canada, http://https://groups.chem.ubc.ca/wolf/
| | - Michael O. Wolf
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z1, Canada, http://https://groups.chem.ubc.ca/wolf/
| | - Brian O. Patrick
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z1, Canada, http://https://groups.chem.ubc.ca/wolf/
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16
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Phungsripheng S, Kozawa K, Akita M, Inagaki A. Photocatalytic Oxygenation of Sulfide and Alkenes by Trinuclear Ruthenium Clusters. Inorg Chem 2016; 55:3750-8. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.5b02518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Siwas Phungsripheng
- Department
of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Minami-Osawa 1-1, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Kozawa
- Chemical
Resources Laboratory, Tokyo Institute of Technology, R1-27, 4259
Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
| | - Munetaka Akita
- Chemical
Resources Laboratory, Tokyo Institute of Technology, R1-27, 4259
Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
| | - Akiko Inagaki
- Department
of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Minami-Osawa 1-1, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
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17
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Králík A, Hansen M, König B. Immobilisation of water-oxidising amphiphilic ruthenium complexes on unmodified silica gel. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra24088c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Amphiphilic ruthenium complexes immobilised on bare silica gel are an easily prepared heterogeneous system for photocatalytic and chemical water oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Králík
- Institute of Organic Chemistry
- University of Regensburg
- D-93040 Regensburg
- Germany
| | - M. Hansen
- Institute of Organic Chemistry
- University of Regensburg
- D-93040 Regensburg
- Germany
| | - B. König
- Institute of Organic Chemistry
- University of Regensburg
- D-93040 Regensburg
- Germany
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18
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Artificial photosynthesis: Where are we now? Where can we go? JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY C-PHOTOCHEMISTRY REVIEWS 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochemrev.2015.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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19
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Farràs P, Di Giovanni C, Clifford JN, Palomares E, Llobet A. H2 generation and sulfide to sulfoxide oxidation with H2O and sunlight with a model photoelectrosynthesis cell. Coord Chem Rev 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2014.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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20
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Yamamoto M, Wang L, Li F, Fukushima T, Tanaka K, Sun L, Imahori H. Visible light-driven water oxidation using a covalently-linked molecular catalyst-sensitizer dyad assembled on a TiO 2 electrode. Chem Sci 2015; 7:1430-1439. [PMID: 29910901 PMCID: PMC5975926 DOI: 10.1039/c5sc03669k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2015] [Accepted: 11/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The combination of porphyrin as a sensitizer and a ruthenium complex as a water oxidation catalyst (WOC) is promising to exploit highly efficient molecular artificial photosynthetic systems. A covalently-linked ruthenium-based WOC-zinc porphyrin (ZnP) sensitizer dyad was assembled on a TiO2 electrode for visible-light driven water oxidation. The water oxidation activity was found to be improved in comparison to the reference systems with the simple combination of the individual WOC and ZnP as well as with ZnP solely, demonstrating the advantage of the covalent linking approach over the non-covalent one. More importantly, via vectorial multi-step electron transfer triggered by visible light, the dye-sensitized photoelectrochemical cell (DSPEC) achieved a broader PEC response in the visible region than DSPECs with conventional ruthenium-based sensitizers. Initial incident photon-to-current efficiencies of 18% at 424 nm and 6.4% at 564 nm were attained under monochromatic illumination and an external bias of -0.2 V vs. NHE. Fast electron transfer from the WOC to the photogenerated radical cation of the sensitizer through the covalent linkage may suppress undesirable charge recombination, realizing the moderate performance of water oxidation. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic analysis of the photoanodes before and after the DSPEC operation suggested that most of the ruthenium species exist at higher oxidation states, implying that the insufficient oxidation potential of the ZnP moiety for further oxidizing the intermediate ruthenium species at the photoanode is at least the bottleneck of the system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masanori Yamamoto
- Department of Molecular Engineering , Graduate School of Engineering , Kyoto University , Nishikyo-ku , Kyoto 615-8510 , Japan .
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Chemistry , School of Chemical Science and Engineering , KTH Royal Institute of Technology , 100 44 Stockholm , Sweden .
| | - Fusheng Li
- Department of Chemistry , School of Chemical Science and Engineering , KTH Royal Institute of Technology , 100 44 Stockholm , Sweden .
| | - Takashi Fukushima
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS) , Kyoto University , Nishikyo-ku , Kyoto 615-8510 , Japan
| | - Koji Tanaka
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS) , Kyoto University , Nishikyo-ku , Kyoto 615-8510 , Japan
| | - Licheng Sun
- Department of Chemistry , School of Chemical Science and Engineering , KTH Royal Institute of Technology , 100 44 Stockholm , Sweden .
| | - Hiroshi Imahori
- Department of Molecular Engineering , Graduate School of Engineering , Kyoto University , Nishikyo-ku , Kyoto 615-8510 , Japan . .,Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS) , Kyoto University , Nishikyo-ku , Kyoto 615-8510 , Japan
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21
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Ashford DL, Gish MK, Vannucci AK, Brennaman MK, Templeton JL, Papanikolas JM, Meyer TJ. Molecular Chromophore–Catalyst Assemblies for Solar Fuel Applications. Chem Rev 2015; 115:13006-49. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 363] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dennis L. Ashford
- Department
of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, CB 3290, Chapel
Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Melissa K. Gish
- Department
of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, CB 3290, Chapel
Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Aaron K. Vannucci
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, United States
| | - M. Kyle Brennaman
- Department
of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, CB 3290, Chapel
Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Joseph L. Templeton
- Department
of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, CB 3290, Chapel
Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - John M. Papanikolas
- Department
of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, CB 3290, Chapel
Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Thomas J. Meyer
- Department
of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, CB 3290, Chapel
Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
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22
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Quaranta A, Charalambidis G, Herrero C, Margiola S, Leibl W, Coutsolelos A, Aukauloo A. Synergistic "ping-pong" energy transfer for efficient light activation in a chromophore-catalyst dyad. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2015; 17:24166-72. [PMID: 26327298 DOI: 10.1039/c5cp04458h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis of a porphyrin-Ru(II) polypyridine complex where the porphyrin acts as a photoactive unit and the Ru(II) polypyridine as a catalytic precursor is described. Comparatively, the free base porphyrin was found to outperform the ruthenium based chromophore in the yield of light induced electron transfer. Mechanistic insights indicate the occurrence of a ping-pong energy transfer from the (1)LC excited state of the porphyrin chromophore to the (3)MCLT state of the catalyst and back to the (3)LC excited state of the porphyrin unit. The latter, triplet-triplet energy transfer back to the chromophore, efficiently competes with fast radiationless deactivation of the excited state at the catalyst site. The energy thus recovered by the chromophore allows improved yield of formation of the oxidized form of the chromophore and concomitantly of the oxidation of the catalytic unit by intramolecular charge transfer. The presented results are among the rare examples where a porphyrin chromophore is successfully used to drive an oxidative activation process where reductive processes prevail in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annamaria Quaranta
- Service de Bioénergétique, Biologie Structurale et Mécanismes (SB2SM), CEA, iBiTec-S, Biochimie Biophysique et Biologie Structurale (B3S), I2BC, UMR 9198, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
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23
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Zeng LZ, Wang CJ, Li TT, Gan X, Li C, Fu WF. New trinuclear dendritic complexes with [Ru(tpy)(bpy)X]n+ (X = Cl, H2O; n = 1, 2) for enhanced water oxidation and light-driven alcohol oxidation. CATAL COMMUN 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.catcom.2015.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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24
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Affiliation(s)
- James D. Blakemore
- Department of Chemistry and
Energy Sciences Institute, Yale University, P.O. Box 208107, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8107, United States
| | - Robert H. Crabtree
- Department of Chemistry and
Energy Sciences Institute, Yale University, P.O. Box 208107, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8107, United States
| | - Gary W. Brudvig
- Department of Chemistry and
Energy Sciences Institute, Yale University, P.O. Box 208107, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8107, United States
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25
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Li H, Li F, Zhang B, Zhou X, Yu F, Sun L. Visible Light-Driven Water Oxidation Promoted by Host–Guest Interaction between Photosensitizer and Catalyst with A High Quantum Efficiency. J Am Chem Soc 2015; 137:4332-5. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b01924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hua Li
- State
Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology (DUT), DUT-KTH Joint Education and Research Center on Molecular Devices, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Fei Li
- State
Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology (DUT), DUT-KTH Joint Education and Research Center on Molecular Devices, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Biaobiao Zhang
- State
Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology (DUT), DUT-KTH Joint Education and Research Center on Molecular Devices, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Xu Zhou
- State
Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology (DUT), DUT-KTH Joint Education and Research Center on Molecular Devices, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Fengshou Yu
- State
Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology (DUT), DUT-KTH Joint Education and Research Center on Molecular Devices, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Licheng Sun
- State
Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology (DUT), DUT-KTH Joint Education and Research Center on Molecular Devices, Dalian 116024, China
- Department
of Chemistry, School of Chemical Science and Engineering, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm 10044, Sweden
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26
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Wang L, Mirmohades M, Brown A, Duan L, Li F, Daniel Q, Lomoth R, Sun L, Hammarström L. Sensitizer-catalyst assemblies for water oxidation. Inorg Chem 2015; 54:2742-51. [PMID: 25700086 DOI: 10.1021/ic502915r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Two molecular assemblies with one Ru(II)-polypyridine photosensitizer covalently linked to one Ru(II)(bda)L2 catalyst (1) (bda = 2,2'-bipyridine-6,6'-dicarboxylate) and two photosensitizers covalently linked to one catalyst (2) have been prepared using a simple C-C bond as the linkage. In the presence of sodium persulfate as a sacrificial electron acceptor, both of them show high activity for catalytic water oxidation driven by visible light, with a turnover number up to 200 for 2. The linked photocatalysts show a lower initial yield for light driven oxygen evolution but a much better photostability compared to the three component system with separate sensitizer, catalyst and acceptor, leading to a much greater turnover number. Photocatalytic experiments and time-resolved spectroscopy were carried out to probe the mechanism of this catalysis. The linked catalyst in its Ru(II) state rapidly quenches the sensitizer, predominantly by energy transfer. However, a higher stability under photocatalytic condition is shown for the linked sensitizer compared to the three component system, which is attributed to kinetic stabilization by rapid photosensitizer regeneration. Strategies for employment of the sensitizer-catalyst molecules in more efficient photocatalytic systems are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical Science and Engineering, KTH Royal Institute of Technology , 10044 Stockholm, Sweden
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27
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Fang Z, Ito A, Luo H, Ashford DL, Concepcion JJ, Alibabaei L, Meyer TJ. Polypyridyl Ru(ii)-derivatized polypropylacrylate polymer with a terminal water oxidation catalyst. Application of reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer polymerization. Dalton Trans 2015; 44:8640-8. [DOI: 10.1039/c5dt00287g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A ruthenium containing poly(propylmethacrylate) derivative was synthesized by RAFT polymerization and end-capped with a catalyst derivative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Fang
- Department of Chemistry
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
- Chapel Hill
- USA
| | - Akitaka Ito
- Department of Chemistry
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
- Chapel Hill
- USA
- Department of Chemistry
| | - Hanlin Luo
- Department of Chemistry
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
- Chapel Hill
- USA
| | - Dennis L. Ashford
- Department of Chemistry
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
- Chapel Hill
- USA
| | - Javier J. Concepcion
- Department of Chemistry
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
- Chapel Hill
- USA
| | - Leila Alibabaei
- Department of Chemistry
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
- Chapel Hill
- USA
| | - Thomas J. Meyer
- Department of Chemistry
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
- Chapel Hill
- USA
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28
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Tong L, Zong R, Zhou R, Kaveevivitchai N, Zhang G, Thummel RP. Ruthenium catalysts for water oxidation involving tetradentate polypyridine-type ligands. Faraday Discuss 2015; 185:87-104. [DOI: 10.1039/c5fd00051c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
A series of RuII complexes that behave as water oxidation catalysts were prepared involving a tetradentate equatorial ligand and two 4-substituted pyridines as the axial ligands. Two of these complexes were derived from 2,9-di-(pyrid-2′-yl)-1,10-phenanthroline (dpp) and examine the effect of incorporating electron-donating amino and bulky t-butyl groups on catalytic activity. A third complex replaced the two distal pyridines with N-methylimidazoles that are more electron-donating than the pyridines of dpp and potentially stabilize higher oxidation states of the metal. The tetradentate ligand 2-(pyrid-2′-yl)-6-(1′′,10′′-phenanthrol-2′′-yl)pyridine (bpy–phen), possessing a bonding cavity similar to dpp, was also prepared. The RuII complex of this ligand does not have two rotatable pyridines in the equatorial plane and thus shows different flexibility from the [Ru(dpp)] complexes. All the complexes showed activity towards water oxidation. Investigation of their catalytic behavior and electrochemical properties suggests that they may follow the same catalytic pathway as the prototype [Ru(dpp)pic2]2+ involving a seven-coordinated [RuIV(O)] intermediate. The influence of coordination geometry on catalytic performance is analyzed and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lianpeng Tong
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Houston
- Houston
- USA
| | - Ruifa Zong
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Houston
- Houston
- USA
| | - Rongwei Zhou
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Houston
- Houston
- USA
| | | | - Gang Zhang
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Houston
- Houston
- USA
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29
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Li TT, Li FM, Zhao WL, Tian YH, Chen Y, Cai R, Fu WF. Highly Efficient and Selective Photocatalytic Oxidation of Sulfide by a Chromophore–Catalyst Dyad of Ruthenium-Based Complexes. Inorg Chem 2014; 54:183-91. [DOI: 10.1021/ic5020972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Ting Li
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion
and Optoelectronic Materials and HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS, Beijing 100190, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fu-Min Li
- College of Chemistry and Engineering, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650092, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wei-Liang Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Engineering, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650092, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yong-Hua Tian
- College of Chemistry and Engineering, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650092, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion
and Optoelectronic Materials and HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS, Beijing 100190, People’s Republic of China
| | - Rong Cai
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion
and Optoelectronic Materials and HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS, Beijing 100190, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wen-Fu Fu
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion
and Optoelectronic Materials and HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS, Beijing 100190, People’s Republic of China
- College of Chemistry and Engineering, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650092, People’s Republic of China
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30
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Kärkäs MD, Verho O, Johnston EV, Åkermark B. Artificial Photosynthesis: Molecular Systems for Catalytic Water Oxidation. Chem Rev 2014; 114:11863-2001. [DOI: 10.1021/cr400572f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1024] [Impact Index Per Article: 102.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Markus D. Kärkäs
- Department of Organic Chemistry,
Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Oscar Verho
- Department of Organic Chemistry,
Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Eric V. Johnston
- Department of Organic Chemistry,
Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Björn Åkermark
- Department of Organic Chemistry,
Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
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31
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Okamura M, Masaoka S. Design of mononuclear ruthenium catalysts for low-overpotential water oxidation. Chem Asian J 2014; 10:306-15. [PMID: 25318678 DOI: 10.1002/asia.201402781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2014] [Revised: 09/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Water oxidation is a key reaction in natural photosynthesis and in many schemes for artificial photosynthesis. Inspired by energy challenges and the emerging understanding of photosystem II, the development of artificial molecular catalysts for water oxidation has become a highly active area of research in recent years. In this Focus Review, we describe recent achievements in the development of single-site ruthenium catalysts for water oxidation with a particular focus on the overpotential of water oxidation. First, we introduce the general scheme to access the high-valent ruthenium-oxo species, the key species of the water-oxidation reaction. Next, the mechanisms of the OO bond formation from the active ruthenium-oxo species are described. We then discuss strategies to decrease the onset potentials of the water-oxidation reaction. We hope this Focus Review will contribute to the further development of efficient catalysts toward sustainable energy-conversion systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaya Okamura
- Department of Life and Coordination-Complex Molecular Science, Institute for Molecular Science, Higashiyama 5-1, Myodaiji, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8787 (Japan)
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32
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Zhou X, Li F, Li H, Zhang B, Yu F, Sun L. Photocatalytic water oxidation by molecular assemblies based on cobalt catalysts. CHEMSUSCHEM 2014; 7:2453-2456. [PMID: 25111070 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201402195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2014] [Revised: 06/09/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Chromophore-catalyst molecular assemblies towards visible light-driven water oxidation were synthesized by covalent integration of a light-harvesting complex [Ru(bpy)3](2+) (bpy=2,2'-bipyridine) and a Co4O4 cubane water oxidation catalyst. The two components were assembled either in linear or macrocyclic configurations. In the presence of the sacrificial reagent, the Ru-Co metallocycle exhibits remarkable photocatalytic activity for oxygen evolution, which is one order of magnitude higher than that of a multicomponent system and exceeds that of a linear assembly by a factor of five, offering access to highly active photocatalyst through molecular design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology (DUT), DUT-KTH Joint Education and Research Center on Molecular Devices, Dalian 116024 (PR China), Fax: (+86) 411-84986245
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33
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Ryan DM, Coggins MK, Concepcion JJ, Ashford DL, Fang Z, Alibabaei L, Ma D, Meyer TJ, Waters ML. Synthesis and Electrocatalytic Water Oxidation by Electrode-Bound Helical Peptide Chromophore–Catalyst Assemblies. Inorg Chem 2014; 53:8120-8. [DOI: 10.1021/ic5011488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Derek M. Ryan
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Michael K. Coggins
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Javier J. Concepcion
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Dennis L. Ashford
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Zhen Fang
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Leila Alibabaei
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Da Ma
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Thomas J. Meyer
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Marcey L. Waters
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
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34
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Senthil Murugan K, Rajendran T, Balakrishnan G, Ganesan M, Sivasubramanian VK, Sankar J, Ilangovan A, Ramamurthy P, Rajagopal S. Visible-light activation of the bimetallic chromophore-catalyst dyad: analysis of transient intermediates and reactivity toward organic sulfides. J Phys Chem A 2014; 118:4451-63. [PMID: 24884484 DOI: 10.1021/jp501084b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In order to develop a new photocatalytic system, we designed a new redox-active module (5) to hold both a photosensitizer part, [Ru(II)(terpy)(bpy)X](n+) (where terpy = 2,2':6',2''-terpyridine and bpy = 2,2'-bipyridine), and a popular Jacobsen catalytic part, salen-Mn(III), covalently linked through a pyridine-based electron-relay moiety. On the basis of nanosecond laser flash photolysis studies, an intramolecular electron transfer mechanism from salen-Mn(III) to photooxidized Ru(III) chromophore yielding the catalytically active high-valent salen-Mn(IV) species was proposed. To examine the reactivity of such photogenerated salen-Mn(IV), we employed organic sulfide as substrate. Detection of the formation of a Mn(III)-phenoxyl radical and a sulfur radical cation during the course of reaction using time-resolved transient absorption spectroscopy confirms the electron transfer nature of the reaction. This is the first report for the electron transfer reaction of organic sulfide with the photochemically generated salen-Mn(IV) catalytic center.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishnan Senthil Murugan
- Post Graduate and Research Department of Chemistry, Vivekananda College , Tiruvedakam West, Madurai 625 234, India
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35
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Ashford DL, Glasson CRK, Norris MR, Concepcion JJ, Keinan S, Brennaman MK, Templeton JL, Meyer TJ. Controlling ground and excited state properties through ligand changes in ruthenium polypyridyl complexes. Inorg Chem 2014; 53:5637-46. [PMID: 24849026 DOI: 10.1021/ic500408j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The capture and storage of solar energy requires chromophores that absorb light throughout the solar spectrum. We report here the synthesis, characterization, electrochemical, and photophysical properties of a series of Ru(II) polypyridyl complexes of the type [Ru(bpy)2(N-N)](2+) (bpy = 2,2'-bipyridine; N-N is a bidentate polypyridyl ligand). In this series, the nature of the N-N ligand was altered, either through increased conjugation or incorporation of noncoordinating heteroatoms, as a way to use ligand electronic properties to tune redox potentials, absorption spectra, emission spectra, and excited state energies and lifetimes. Electrochemical measurements show that lowering the π* orbitals on the N-N ligand results in more positive Ru(3+/2+) redox potentials and more positive first ligand-based reduction potentials. The metal-to-ligand charge transfer absorptions of all of the new complexes are mostly red-shifted compared to Ru(bpy)3(2+) (λmax = 449 nm) with the lowest energy MLCT absorption appearing at λmax = 564 nm. Emission energies decrease from λmax = 650 nm to 885 nm across the series. One-mode Franck-Condon analysis of room-temperature emission spectra are used to calculate key excited state properties, including excited state redox potentials. The impacts of ligand changes on visible light absorption, excited state reduction potentials, and Ru(3+/2+) potentials are assessed in the context of preparing low energy light absorbers for application in dye-sensitized photoelectrosynthesis cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dennis L Ashford
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , CB 3290, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
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36
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Coggins MK, Zhang MT, Vannucci AK, Dares CJ, Meyer TJ. Electrocatalytic water oxidation by a monomeric amidate-ligated Fe(III)-aqua complex. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:5531-4. [PMID: 24670044 DOI: 10.1021/ja412822u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 170] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The six-coordinate Fe(III)-aqua complex [Fe(III)(dpaq)(H2O)](2+) (1, dpaq is 2-[bis(pyridine-2-ylmethyl)]amino-N-quinolin-8-yl-acetamido) is an electrocatalyst for water oxidation in propylene carbonate-water mixtures. An electrochemical kinetics study has revealed that water oxidation occurs by oxidation to Fe(V)(O)(2+) followed by a reaction first order in catalyst and added water, respectively, with ko = 0.035(4) M(-1) s(-1) by the single-site mechanism found previously for Ru and Ir water oxidation catalysts. Sustained water oxidation catalysis occurs at a high surface area electrode to give O2 through at least 29 turnovers over an 15 h electrolysis period with a 45% Faradaic yield and no observable decomposition of the catalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael K Coggins
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
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37
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Kozawa K, Inagaki A, Akita M. Synthesis of Highly Conjugated Dinuclear Ru Complexes Bridged by a Novel N2–N3 Ligand and Their Application in Photocatalytic Oxygenation of Sulfides. CHEM LETT 2014. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.130966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kazuyuki Kozawa
- Chemical Resources Laboratory, Tokyo Institute of Technology
| | - Akiko Inagaki
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Tokyo Metropolitan University
| | - Munetaka Akita
- Chemical Resources Laboratory, Tokyo Institute of Technology
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38
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Puodziukynaite E, Wang L, Schanze KS, Papanikolas JM, Reynolds JR. Poly(fluorene-co-thiophene)-based ionic transition-metal complex polymers for solar energy harvesting and storage applications. Polym Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3py01582c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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39
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Nayak A, Knauf RR, Hanson K, Alibabaei L, Concepcion JJ, Ashford DL, Dempsey JL, Meyer TJ. Synthesis and photophysical characterization of porphyrin and porphyrin–Ru(ii) polypyridyl chromophore–catalyst assemblies on mesoporous metal oxides. Chem Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4sc00875h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
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40
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Gao Y, Duan L, Yu Z, Ding X, Sun L. Artificial photosynthesis: photosensitizer/catalyst supramolecular assemblies for light driven water oxidation. Faraday Discuss 2014; 176:225-32. [DOI: 10.1039/c4fd00127c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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41
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Kohler L, Kaveevivitchai N, Zong R, Thummel RP. Component Analysis of Dyads Designed for Light-Driven Water Oxidation. Inorg Chem 2013; 53:912-21. [DOI: 10.1021/ic4022905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lars Kohler
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, 112 Fleming Building, Houston, Texas 77204-5003, United States
| | - Nattawut Kaveevivitchai
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, 112 Fleming Building, Houston, Texas 77204-5003, United States
| | - Ruifa Zong
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, 112 Fleming Building, Houston, Texas 77204-5003, United States
| | - Randolph P. Thummel
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, 112 Fleming Building, Houston, Texas 77204-5003, United States
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42
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Norris MR, Concepcion JJ, Fang Z, Templeton JL, Meyer TJ. Low-Overpotential Water Oxidation by a Surface-Bound Ruthenium-Chromophore-Ruthenium-Catalyst Assembly. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201305951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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43
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Norris MR, Concepcion JJ, Fang Z, Templeton JL, Meyer TJ. Low-Overpotential Water Oxidation by a Surface-Bound Ruthenium-Chromophore-Ruthenium-Catalyst Assembly. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 52:13580-3. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201305951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2013] [Revised: 10/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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44
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Wang L, Duan L, Tong L, Sun L. Visible light-driven water oxidation catalyzed by mononuclear ruthenium complexes. J Catal 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2013.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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45
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Kaveevivitchai N, Kohler L, Zong R, El Ojaimi M, Mehta N, Thummel RP. A Ru(II) Bis-terpyridine-like Complex that Catalyzes Water Oxidation: The Influence of Steric Strain. Inorg Chem 2013; 52:10615-22. [DOI: 10.1021/ic4016383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nattawut Kaveevivitchai
- Department of Chemistry, 110 Fleming Building, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204-5003, United States
| | - Lars Kohler
- Department of Chemistry, 110 Fleming Building, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204-5003, United States
| | - Ruifa Zong
- Department of Chemistry, 110 Fleming Building, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204-5003, United States
| | - Maya El Ojaimi
- Department of Chemistry, 110 Fleming Building, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204-5003, United States
| | - Nirja Mehta
- Department of Chemistry, 110 Fleming Building, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204-5003, United States
| | - Randolph P. Thummel
- Department of Chemistry, 110 Fleming Building, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204-5003, United States
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46
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Farràs P, Maji S, Benet-Buchholz J, Llobet A. Synthesis, Characterization, and Reactivity of Dyad Ruthenium-Based Molecules for Light-Driven Oxidation Catalysis. Chemistry 2013; 19:7162-72. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201204381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2012] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Norris MR, Concepcion JJ, Harrison DP, Binstead RA, Ashford DL, Fang Z, Templeton JL, Meyer TJ. Redox Mediator Effect on Water Oxidation in a Ruthenium-Based Chromophore–Catalyst Assembly. J Am Chem Soc 2013; 135:2080-3. [DOI: 10.1021/ja311645d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael R. Norris
- Department
of Chemistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290,
United States
| | - Javier J. Concepcion
- Department
of Chemistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290,
United States
| | - Daniel P. Harrison
- Department
of Chemistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290,
United States
| | - Robert A. Binstead
- Department
of Chemistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290,
United States
| | - Dennis L. Ashford
- Department
of Chemistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290,
United States
| | - Zhen Fang
- Department
of Chemistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290,
United States
| | - Joseph L. Templeton
- Department
of Chemistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290,
United States
| | - Thomas J. Meyer
- Department
of Chemistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290,
United States
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48
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Dietrich J, Thorenz U, Förster C, Heinze K. Effects of Sequence, Connectivity, and Counter Ions in New Amide-Linked Ru(tpy)2–Re(bpy) Chromophores on Redox Chemistry and Photophysics. Inorg Chem 2013; 52:1248-64. [DOI: 10.1021/ic301632y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jan Dietrich
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry
and Analytical Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg—University of
Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Ute Thorenz
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry
and Analytical Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg—University of
Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Christoph Förster
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry
and Analytical Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg—University of
Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Katja Heinze
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry
and Analytical Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg—University of
Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
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Swierk JR, Mallouk TE. Design and development of photoanodes for water-splitting dye-sensitized photoelectrochemical cells. Chem Soc Rev 2013; 42:2357-87. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cs35246j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 453] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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50
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Vagnini MT, Mara MW, Harpham MR, Huang J, Shelby ML, Chen LX, Wasielewski MR. Interrogating the photogenerated Ir(iv) state of a water oxidation catalyst using ultrafast optical and X-ray absorption spectroscopy. Chem Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3sc51511g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
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