Metal-Olefin Compounds. IV. The Preparation and Properties of Some Aryl and Alkyl Platinum(II)-Olefin Compounds

Platinum Cyclooctadiene Complexes with Activity against Gram-positive Bacteria

Antimicrobial resistance is a looming health crisis, and it is becoming increasingly clear that organic chemistry alone is not sufficient to continue to provide the world with novel and effective antibiotics. Recently there has been an increased number of reports describing promising antimicrobial properties of metal-containing compounds. Platinum complexes are well known in the field of inorganic medicinal chemistry for their tremendous success as anticancer agents. Here we report on the promising antibacterial properties of platinum cyclooctadiene (COD) complexes. Amongst the 15 compounds studied, the simplest compounds Pt(COD)X2 (X=Cl, I, Pt1 and Pt2) showed excellent activity against a panel of Gram-positive bacteria including vancomycin and methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Additionally, the lead compounds show no toxicity against mammalian cells or haemolytic properties at the highest tested concentrations, indicating that the observed activity is specific against bacteria. Finally, these compounds showed no toxicity against Galleria mellonella at the highest measured concentrations. However, preliminary efficacy studies in the same animal model found no decrease in bacterial load upon treatment with Pt1 and Pt2. Serum exchange studies suggest that these compounds exhibit high serum binding which reduces their bioavailability in vivo, mandating alternative administration routes such as e. g. topical application.

Platinum complex-catalyzed hydrosilylation and isomerization of methylenecyclopropane derivatives. Effect of structures of the substrate and catalyst

PtI(2)(PPh(3))(2) catalyzes hydrosilylation of 2,2-diphenyl-1-methylenecyclopropane with HSiEt(3), HSiPh(3), HSiEt(2)Ph, HSiPhCl(2), and HSiCl(3) under solvent-free conditions at 140 degrees C to produce the silyl compounds with a (2,2-diphenylcyclopropyl)methyl substituent in moderate to high yields without ring-opening of the substrate. PtI(2)(PPh(3))(2) is converted by the reaction into PtH(I)(PPh(3))(2), which also catalyzes the hydrosilylation of the methylenecyclopropanes. The reaction of 2-phenyl-1-methylenecyclopropane, 2-methyl-2-phenyl-1-methylenecyclopropane, 2,2-diphenethyl-1-methylenecyclopropane, and alkylidenecyclopropanes with HSiEt(3) catalyzed by PtI(2)(PPh(3))(2) causes addition of hydrosilane to the substrate accompanied by ring-opening. 2,2-Diphenyl-1-methylenecyclopropane undergoes ring-opening isomerization in the presence of HSi(OEt)Me(2) and Pt(PEt(3))(3) catalyst to give 1,1-diphenyl-1,3-butadiene. The pathways for the hydrosilylation and the isomerization are discussed.

Structure-Reactivity Correlations for the Dissociative Uncatalyzed Isomerization of Monoalkylbis(phosphine)platinum(II) Solvento Complexes

Complexes of the type cis-[PtL(2)Me(2)] (1-14) (L = an extended series of phosphines of widely different steric and electronic properties) were synthesized, characterized, and used as precursors for the formation of cis-monoalkylplatinum(II) solvento species in methanol. The cleavage of the first platinum-alkyl bond by protonolysis is a fast process, but the subsequent cis to trans isomerization of the cationic solvento species [PtL(2)(Me)(MeOH)](+) is relatively slow and it can be( )()monitored using (31)P NMR or conventional spectrophotometry. A large collection of (1)H and (31)P NMR data for cis-[PtL(2)Me(2)], cis-[PtL(2)Me(MeOH)](+), and trans-[PtL(2)Me(MeOH)](+) complexes showed interesting dependencies upon the size, the sigma-donor capacity, and the mutual position of the phosphines in the coordination sphere of the metal. The rate constants for isomerization of cis-[PtL(2)Me(MeOH)](+) were resolved quantitatively into steric and electronic contributions of the phosphine ligands, by means of correlations with parameters which reflect their sigma-donor ability (chi values) and steric requirements (Tolman's cone angles, theta). The electronic and steric profiles obtained for these reactions are discussed within the framework of a mechanism which involves dissociative loss of the solvent molecule and interconversion of two geometrically distinct 3-coordinate T-shaped 14-electron intermediates. The factors controlling the stability of these coordinatively unsaturated species are discussed. The electronic and steric influences of phosphines as "spectator" ligands in a dissociative process are compared with those shown by these ligands when used as nucleophiles in associative substitution processes. The activation parameters DeltaH() and DeltaS() were measured using both conventional isothermal and non-isothermal spectrophotometric kinetics.