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Zhang YQ, Ding X, He QF, Wen TX, Wang JQ, Yang K, Jiang H, Cheng Q, Liu P, Wang ZR, He YF, Hu WW, Wang QY, Xin JY, Wang YS, Wang XM. Observational Insights into Isoprene Secondary Organic Aerosol Formation through the Epoxide Pathway at Three Urban Sites from Northern to Southern China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022; 56:4795-4805. [PMID: 35235293 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c06974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Isoprene is the most abundant precursor of global secondary organic aerosol (SOA). The epoxide pathway plays a critical role in isoprene SOA (iSOA) formation, in which isoprene epoxydiols (IEPOX) and/or hydroxymethyl-methyl-α-lactone (HMML) can react with nucleophilic sulfate and water producing isoprene-derived organosulfates (iOSs) and oxygen-containing tracers (iOTs), respectively. This process is complicated and highly influenced by anthropogenic emissions, especially in the polluted urban atmospheres. In this study, we took a 1-year measurement of the paired iOSs and iOTs formed through the IEPOX and HMML pathways at the three urban sites from northern to southern China. The annual average concentrations of iSOA products at the three sites ranged from 14.6 to 36.5 ng m-3. We found that the nucleophilic-addition reaction of isoprene epoxides with water dominated over that with sulfate in the polluted urban air. A simple set of reaction rate constant could not fully describe iOS and iOT formation everywhere. We also found that the IEPOX pathway was dominant over the HMML pathway over urban regions. Using the kinetic data of IEPOX to estimate the reaction parameters of HMML will cause significant underestimation in the importance of HMML pathway. All these findings provide insights into iSOA formation over polluted areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Qing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Deep Earth Science, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Xiang Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Deep Earth Science, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Environmental Pollution and Control, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Science, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Quan-Fu He
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Tian-Xue Wen
- Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Jun-Qi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Kong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hao Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qian Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ping Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zi-Rui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yun-Feng He
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Wei-Wei Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Deep Earth Science, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Environmental Pollution and Control, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Science, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Qiao-Yun Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Guangdong Industry Polytechnic, Guangzhou 510300, China
| | - Jin-Yuan Xin
- Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yue-Si Wang
- Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xin-Ming Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Deep Earth Science, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Environmental Pollution and Control, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Science, Guangzhou 510640, China
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Ren Y, McGillen M, Ouchen I, Daële V, Mellouki A. Kinetic and product studies of the reactions of NO 3 with a series of unsaturated organic compounds. J Environ Sci (China) 2020; 95:111-120. [PMID: 32653170 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2020.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Revised: 12/01/2019] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Rate coefficients for the reaction of NO3 radicals with 6 unsaturated volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in a 7300 L simulation chamber at ambient temperature and pressure have been determined by the relative rate method. The resulting rate coefficients were determined for isoprene, 2-carene, 3-carene, methyl vinyl ketone (MVK), methacrolein (MACR) and crotonaldehyde (CA), as (6.6 ± 0.8) × 10-13, (1.8 ± 0.6) × 10-11, (8.7 ± 0.5) × 10-12, (1.24 ± 1.04) × 10-16, (3.3 ± 0.9) × 10-15 and (5.7 ± 1.2) × 10-15 cm3/(molecule•sec), respectively. The experiments indicate that NO3 radical reactions with all the studied unsaturated VOCs proceed through addition to the olefinic bond, however, it indicates that the introduction of a carbonyl group into unsaturated VOCs can deactivate the neighboring olefinic bond towards reaction with the NO3 radical, which is to be expected since the presence of these electron-withdrawing substituents will reduce the electron density in the π orbitals of the alkenes, and will therefore reduce the rate coefficient of these electrophilic addition reactions. In addition, we investigated the product formation from the reactions of 2-carene and 3-carene with the NO3 radical. Qualitative identification of an epoxide (C10H16OH+), caronaldehyde (C10H16O2H+) and nitrooxy-ketone (C10H16O4NH+) was achieved using a proton transfer reaction time-of-flight mass spectrometer (PTR-TOF-MS) and a reaction mechanism is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangang Ren
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) (UPR 3021), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Institut de Combustion, Aérothermique, Réactivité et Environnement (ICARE), Orléans 45071, France
| | - Max McGillen
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) (UPR 3021), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Institut de Combustion, Aérothermique, Réactivité et Environnement (ICARE), Orléans 45071, France; Le Studium Loire Valley Institute for Advanced Studies, Orléans 45071, France
| | - Ibrahim Ouchen
- Earth Sciences Department, Scientific Institute, Mohammed V University, Rabat 10106, Morocco
| | - Veronique Daële
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) (UPR 3021), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Institut de Combustion, Aérothermique, Réactivité et Environnement (ICARE), Orléans 45071, France
| | - Abdelwahid Mellouki
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) (UPR 3021), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Institut de Combustion, Aérothermique, Réactivité et Environnement (ICARE), Orléans 45071, France.
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Lal V, Khalizov AF, Lin Y, Galvan MD, Connell BT, Zhang R. Heterogeneous Reactions of Epoxides in Acidic Media. J Phys Chem A 2012; 116:6078-90. [DOI: 10.1021/jp2112704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vinita Lal
- Department of Atmospheric Sciences and ‡Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Alexei F. Khalizov
- Department of Atmospheric Sciences and ‡Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Yun Lin
- Department of Atmospheric Sciences and ‡Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Maria D. Galvan
- Department of Atmospheric Sciences and ‡Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Brian T. Connell
- Department of Atmospheric Sciences and ‡Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Renyi Zhang
- Department of Atmospheric Sciences and ‡Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
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Eddingsaas NC, VanderVelde DG, Wennberg PO. Kinetics and products of the acid-catalyzed ring-opening of atmospherically relevant butyl epoxy alcohols. J Phys Chem A 2010; 114:8106-13. [PMID: 20684583 DOI: 10.1021/jp103907c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 175] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Epoxydiols are produced in the gas phase from the photo-oxidation of isoprene in the absence of significant mixing ratios of nitrogen oxides (NO(x)). The reactive uptake of these compounds onto acidic aerosols has been shown to produce secondary organic aerosol (SOA). To better characterize the fate of isoprene epoxydiols in the aerosol phase, the kinetics and products of the acid-catalyzed ring-opening reactions of four hydroxy-substituted epoxides were studied by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) techniques. Polyols and sulfate esters are observed from the ring-opening of the epoxides in solutions of H(2)SO(4)/Na(2)SO(4). Likewise, polyols and nitrate esters are produced in solutions of HNO(3)/NaNO(3). In sulfuric acid, the rate of acid-catalyzed ring-opening is dependent on hydronium ion activity, sulfate ion, and bisulfate. The rates are much slower than the nonhydroxylated equivalent epoxides; however, the hydroxyl groups make them much more water-soluble. A model was constructed with the major channels for epoxydiol loss (i.e., aerosol-phase ring-opening, gas-phase oxidation, and deposition). In the atmosphere, SOA formation from epoxydiols will depend on a number of variables (e.g., pH and aerosol water content) with the yield of ring-opening products varying from less than 1% to greater than 50%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan C Eddingsaas
- Division of Chemistry, California Institute of Technology, MC 127-72, 1200 East California Boulevard, Pasadena, California 91125, USA.
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Berndt T, Böge O, Kind I, Rolle W. Reaction of NO3 Radicals with 1,3-Cyclohexadiene, α-Terpinene, and α-Phellandrene: Kinetics and Products. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/bbpc.19961000410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Pfrang C, Martin RS, Canosa-Mas CE, Wayne RP. Gas-phase reactions of NO3and N2O5with (Z)-hex-4-en-1-ol, (Z)-hex-3-en-1-ol (‘leaf alcohol’), (E)-hex-3-en-1-ol, (Z)-hex-2-en-1-ol and (E)-hex-2-en-1-ol. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2006; 8:354-63. [PMID: 16482278 DOI: 10.1039/b510835g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The night-time atmospheric chemistry of the biogenic volatile organic compounds (Z)-hex-4-en-1-ol, (Z)-hex-3-en-1-ol ('leaf alcohol'), (E)-hex-3-en-1-ol, (Z)-hex-2-en-1-ol and (E)-hex-2-en-1-ol, has been studied at room temperature. Rate coefficients for reactions of the nitrate radical (NO(3)) with these stress-induced plant emissions were measured using the discharge-flow technique. We employed off-axis continuous-wave cavity-enhanced absorption spectroscopy (CEAS) for the detection of NO(3), which enabled us to work in excess of the hexenol compounds over NO(3). The rate coefficients determined were (2.93 +/- 0.58) x 10(-13) cm(3) molecule(-1) s(-1), (2.67 +/- 0.42) x 10(-13) cm(3) molecule(-1) s(-1), (4.43 +/- 0.91) x 10(-13) cm(3) molecule(-1) s(-1), (1.56 +/- 0.24) x 10(-13) cm(3) molecule(-1) s(-1), and (1.30 +/- 0.24) x 10(-13) cm(3) molecule(-1) s(-1) for (Z)-hex-4-en-1-ol, (Z)-hex-3-en-1-ol, (E)-hex-3-en-1-ol, (Z)-hex-2-en-1-ol and (E)-hex-2-en-1-ol. The rate coefficient for the reaction of NO(3) with (Z)-hex-3-en-1-ol agrees with the single published determination of the rate coefficient using a relative method. The other rate coefficients have not been measured before and are compared to estimated values. Relative-rate studies were also performed, but required modification of the standard technique because N(2)O(5) (used as the source of NO(3)) itself reacts with the hexenols. We used varying excesses of NO(2) to determine simultaneously rate coefficients for reactions of NO(3) and N(2)O(5) with (E)-hex-3-en-1-ol of (5.2 +/- 1.8) x 10(-13) cm(3) molecule(-1) s(-1) and (3.1 +/- 2.3) x 10(-18) cm(3) molecule(-1) s(-1). Our new determinations suggest atmospheric lifetimes with respect to NO(3)-initiated oxidation of roughly 1-4 h for the hexenols, comparable with lifetimes estimated for the atmospheric degradation by OH and shorter lifetimes than for attack by O(3). Recent measurements of [N(2)O(5)] suggest that the gas-phase reactions of N(2)O(5) with unsaturated alcohols will not be of importance under usual atmospheric conditions, but they certainly can be in laboratory systems when determining rate coefficients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Pfrang
- University of Oxford, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory, South Parks Road, Oxford KOX1 3QZ, UK
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Berndt T, Böge O, Heintzenberg J, Claus P. From Atmospheric Research to an Industrial Process: The Formation of Propylene Oxide. Ind Eng Chem Res 2003. [DOI: 10.1021/ie020919m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Torsten Berndt
- Institut für Troposphärenforschung e.V., Permoserstrasse 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Olaf Böge
- Institut für Troposphärenforschung e.V., Permoserstrasse 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Jost Heintzenberg
- Institut für Troposphärenforschung e.V., Permoserstrasse 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Peter Claus
- Ernst-Berl-Institut für Technische Chemie und Makromolekulare Chemie, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Petersenstrasse 20, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
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Geyer A. Nighttime formation of peroxy and hydroxyl radicals during the BERLIOZ campaign: Observations and modeling studies. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1029/2001jd000656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Bey I, Aumont B, Toupance G. A modeling study of the nighttime radical chemistry in the lower continental troposphere: 1. Development of a detailed chemical mechanism including nighttime chemistry. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001. [DOI: 10.1029/2000jd900347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Pérez-Casany MP, Nebot-Gil I, Sánchez-Marín J. Ab Initio Study on the Mechanism of Tropospheric Reactions of the Nitrate Radical with Alkenes: Propene. J Phys Chem A 2000. [DOI: 10.1021/jp0001034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Pilar Pérez-Casany
- Departament de Química Física, Facultat de Química, Universitat de València, c/Dr. Moliner, 50, 46100 Burjassot (València), Spain
| | - Ignacio Nebot-Gil
- Departament de Química Física, Facultat de Química, Universitat de València, c/Dr. Moliner, 50, 46100 Burjassot (València), Spain
| | - José Sánchez-Marín
- Departament de Química Física, Facultat de Química, Universitat de València, c/Dr. Moliner, 50, 46100 Burjassot (València), Spain
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Pérez-Casany MP, Nebot-Gil I, Sánchez-Marín J, Tomás-Vert F, Martínez-Ataz E, Cabañas-Galán B, Aranda-Rubio A. Ab Initio Study on the Mechanism of Tropospheric Reactions of the Nitrate Radical with Alkenes: Ethene. J Org Chem 1998; 63:6978-6983. [PMID: 11672320 DOI: 10.1021/jo980779j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A mechanism for the reaction of the NO(3) radical with the simplest alkene, ethene, is proposed. The mechanism involves three paths leading to three main different products: oxirane, ethanal, and nitric acid. The three paths start from the same initial intermediate, an NO(3)-ethene adduct. The calculated energy barriers show that the oxirane is the product kinetically more favored. Initial analysis of the potential energy surface was made at AM1 level. Then, the geometries and characterization of the found stationary points on the surface were refined at ROHF level with a 6-31G basis set. Further refinement was carried out at CASSCF level with the same basis set, and an active space was built with five active electrons in six active orbitals.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Pilar Pérez-Casany
- Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Campus Universitario 13071, Ciudad Real, Spain
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Carslaw N, Carpenter LJ, Plane JMC, Allan BJ, Burgess RA, Clemitshaw KC, Coe H, Penkett SA. Simultaneous observations of nitrate and peroxy radicals in the marine boundary layer. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1997. [DOI: 10.1029/97jd00399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Wille U, Plath C. Transannular Cyclizations of Medium-Sized Cycloalkynes and Cycloalkynones Induced by Electro- and Photochemically Generated NO3 Radicals. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1997. [DOI: 10.1002/jlac.199719970117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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14
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Berndt T, Böge O. Products and mechanism of the gas-phase reaction of NO3 radicals with α-pinene. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1997. [DOI: 10.1039/a702364b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Rudich Y, Talukdar RK, Fox RW, Ravishankara AR. Rate Coefficients for Reactions of NO3with a Few Olefins and Oxygenated Olefins. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1996. [DOI: 10.1021/jp953079g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Benter T, Liesner M, Sauerland V, Schindler RN. Mass spectrometric in-situ determination of NO2 in gas mixtures by resonance enhanced multiphoton ionisation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1995. [DOI: 10.1007/bf00322721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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