Adsorption in zeolites, dispersion self-energy, and Gaussian curvature

Modeling adsorption properties on the basis of microscopic, molecular, and structural descriptors for nonpolar adsorbents

We propose a method for analytically predicting single-component adsorption isotherms from molecular, microscopic and structural descriptors of the adsorbate-adsorbent system and concepts of statistical thermodynamics. Expressions for Henry's constant and the heat of adsorption at zero coverage are derived. These functions depend on the pore size, pore shape, chemical composition, and density of the adsorbent material. They quantify the strength of the solid-fluid interaction, which governs the low-pressure part of the adsorption isotherm. For intermediate and high pressures, the fluid-fluid interactions must also be taken into account. Both solid-fluid and fluid-fluid interactions are combined within the framework of the Ruthven statistical model (RSM). The RSM thus constructs theoretical adsorption isotherms that are entirely based on microscopic molecular and structural descriptors. The theoretical results that we obtained are compared with experimental data for the adsorption of pure CO2 and CH4 on all-silica zeolites. The developed methodology allows for the estimation of the optimum properties of a nonpolar adsorbent for the adsorption of CO2 in cyclic adsorption processes.

Electronic structure of DNA nucleobases and their dinucleotides explored by soft X-ray spectroscopy

The electronic structures of a series of DNA nucleobases and their dinucleotides were investigated by N 1s X-ray absorption, X-ray photoemission, and resonant X-ray emission spectroscopy. Resonant X-ray emission spectra of the guanine base and its dinucleotide indicate that it has a weak structure at the lowest binding energy; at this energy, it isolates from the main valence band and forms the HOMO state. This indicates that the HOMO state is localized in the guanine base, as claimed by valence and core photoemissions and expected from theoretical predictions. In addition, the XAS and XES profiles of the guanine dinucleotide indicate that disruption of the aromatic character of the six-membered ring results in the localization of the pi state at the imine (-N=) site of the guanine base; this may favor charge transfer among stacked guanine bases and further influence the conductivity of DNA.

Thermally programmable gas storage and release in single crystals of an organic van der Waals host

A single crystal of a low density form of guest-free p-tert-butylcalix[4]arene can take up and release small guest molecules by controlling the temperature and pressure without changing the structure. Using NMR spectroscopy with flowing hyperpolarized xenon, we have shown that at room temperature access of xenon to the pore system is difficult, whereas it is relatively easy at 100 degrees C. There are good prospects for simple van der Waals materials such as the title material to be used as programmable zeolite mimics.