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Abstract
We present a characterization of the ions’ translational energy distribution in a multipole ion trap. A linear mapping between the energy distribution of the trapped ions onto the ions’ time-of-flight (TOF) to a detector is demonstrated. For low ion temperatures, a deviation from linearity is observed and can be attributed to the emergence of multiple potential minima. The potential landscape of the trapped ions is modeled via the finite element method, also accounting for subtleties such as surface-charge accumulation. We demonstrate the validity of our thermometry method by simulating the energy distribution of the ion ensemble thermalized with buffer gas using a Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulation. A comparison between the energy distribution of trapped ions in different multipole trap configurations—i.e., with hyperbolic rods, cylindrical rods, and cylindrical wires—is provided. With these findings, one can map the temperature of the trapped ions down to the Kelvin regime using their TOF distributions. This enables future studies on sympathetic cooling and chemical reactions involving ions in multipole traps.
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Hong W, Li H, Liu SX, Fu Y, Li J, Kaliginedi V, Decurtins S, Wandlowski T. Trimethylsilyl-terminated oligo(phenylene ethynylene)s: an approach to single-molecule junctions with covalent Au-C σ-bonds. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:19425-31. [PMID: 23126569 DOI: 10.1021/ja307544w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
A new and efficient approach using cleaving of trimethylsilyl groups to create covalent Au-C anchoring sites has been developed for single-molecule junction conductance measurements. Employing the mechanically controllable break junction (MCBJ) technique in liquid, we demonstrate the formation of highly conducting single molecular junctions of several OPE derivatives. The created junctions are mechanically stable and exhibit conductances around one order of magnitude higher than those of their dithiol analogues. Extended assembly and reaction times lead to oligomerization. Combined STM imaging and gap-mode Raman experiments provide structure evidence to support the formation of covalent Au-C contacts and further oligomerization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Hong
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland
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Chikan V, Nizamov B, Leone SR. Product State Distributions of Vibrationally Excited CO(v) for the CH(X2Π) and CH(A2Δ) Channels of the C2H + O(3P) Reaction. J Phys Chem A 2004. [DOI: 10.1021/jp040317b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Viktor Chikan
- Departments of Chemistry and Physics, and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720-1460
| | - Boris Nizamov
- Departments of Chemistry and Physics, and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720-1460
| | - Stephen R. Leone
- Departments of Chemistry and Physics, and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720-1460
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Golovin A, Takhistov V. Thermochemistry of organic and heteroorganic species. Part XII. Mono- and disubstituted acetylenes and ethynyl free radicals. New electronegativity scale. J Mol Struct 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2004.01.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Eiteneer B, Frenklach M. Experimental and modeling study of shock-tube oxidation of acetylene. INT J CHEM KINET 2003. [DOI: 10.1002/kin.10141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Yamakita N, Iwamoto S, Tsuchiya S. Predissociation of Excited Acetylene in the ÃAu State around the Adiabatic Dissociation Threshold as Studied by LIF and H-Atom Action Spectroscopy. J Phys Chem A 2003. [DOI: 10.1021/jp0217785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nami Yamakita
- Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Japan Women's University, Mejirodai, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 112-8681, Japan
| | - Sayoko Iwamoto
- Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Japan Women's University, Mejirodai, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 112-8681, Japan
| | - Soji Tsuchiya
- Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Japan Women's University, Mejirodai, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 112-8681, Japan
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Zhu L, Bozzelli JW. Thermodynamic properties of chloroacetylene, dichloroacetylene, ethynyl radical, and chloroethynyl radical. Chem Phys Lett 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0009-2614(02)01037-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- Kent M. Ervin
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Physics Program, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada 89557, and Chemistry Department, Ithaca College, Ithaca, New York 14850
| | - Vincent F. DeTuri
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Physics Program, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada 89557, and Chemistry Department, Ithaca College, Ithaca, New York 14850
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Läuter A, Lee K, Jung K, Vatsa R, Mittal J, Volpp HR. Absolute primary H atom quantum yield measurements in the 193.3 and 121.6 nm photodissociation of acetylene. Chem Phys Lett 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0009-2614(02)00625-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- H Sato
- Laser Photochemistry Research Group, Department of Chemistry for Materials, Faculty of Engineering, Mi'e University, 1515 Kamihamacho, Tsu 514-8507, Japan.
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Chiang WY, Hsu YC. Fluorescence lifetimes and predissociation processes in the B̃ 2A′ state of CCH. J Chem Phys 2000. [DOI: 10.1063/1.481339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Mordaunt DH, Ashfold MNR, Dixon RN, Löffler P, Schnieder L, Welge KH. Near threshold photodissociation of acetylene. J Chem Phys 1998. [DOI: 10.1063/1.475415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Schmid RP, Arusi-Parpar T, Li RJ, Bar I, Rosenwaks S. Photodissociation of rovibrationally excited C2H2: Observation of two pathways. J Chem Phys 1997. [DOI: 10.1063/1.474399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Hsu Y, Chen F, Chou L, Shiu Y. 193.3 nm photodissociation of acetylene: Nascent state distribution of CCH radical studied by laser‐induced fluorescence. J Chem Phys 1996. [DOI: 10.1063/1.472763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Wilson SHS, Reed CL, Mordaunt DH, Ashfold MNR, Kawasaki M. Near-Threshold Photodissociation of C2H2, C2HD, and C2D2Studied by H(D) Atom Photofragment Translational Spectroscopy. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 1996. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.69.71] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Kim YH, Ree J, Lee CS, Shin HK. Intramolecular energy flow and bond dissociation in iodoacetylene and iododiacetylene. J Chem Phys 1994. [DOI: 10.1063/1.467456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Mordaunt DH, Ashfold MNR. Near ultraviolet photolysis of C2H2: A precise determination of D0(HCC−H). J Chem Phys 1994. [DOI: 10.1063/1.467635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Price JM, Ludviksson A, Nooney M, Xu M, Martin RM, Wodtke AM. Time‐of‐flight measurements of single rovibrational states of carbon monoxide. J Chem Phys 1992. [DOI: 10.1063/1.462086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Abstract
Full configuraton-interaction (FCI) calculations have given an unambiguous standard by which the accuracy of theoretical approaches of incorporating electron correlation into molecular structure calculations can be judged. In addition, improvements in vectorization of programs, computer technology, and algorithms now permit a systematic study of the convergence of the atomic orbital (or so-called one-particle) basis set. These advances are discussed and some examples of the solution of chemical problems by quantum mechanical calculations are given to illustrate the accuracy of current techniques.
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Hsu Y, Lin M, Hsu C. The multiphoton dissociation of acetylene. I. Long‐lived intermediates, sequential and concerted processes of dissociation. J Chem Phys 1991. [DOI: 10.1063/1.460118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Dupré P, Jost R, Lombardi M, Green P, Abramson E, Field R. Anomalous behavior of the anticrossing density as a function of excitation energy in the C2H2 molecule. Chem Phys 1991. [DOI: 10.1016/0301-0104(91)85006-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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An experimental determination of the heat of formation of C2 and the CH bond dissociation energy in C2H. Chem Phys Lett 1991. [DOI: 10.1016/0009-2614(91)90276-f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Baldwin DP, Buntine MA, Chandler DW. Photodissociation of acetylene: Determination of D00 (HCC–H) by photofragment imaging. J Chem Phys 1990. [DOI: 10.1063/1.458973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Ruscic B, Berkowitz J. Photoion‐pair formation and photoelectron‐induced dissociative attachment in C2H2:D0(HCC–H). J Chem Phys 1990. [DOI: 10.1063/1.459629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Iraqi M, Petrank A, Peres M, Lifshitz C. Proton transfer reactions of C2H+2 : the bond energy D0 (C2HH). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1990. [DOI: 10.1016/0168-1176(90)85102-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Cool TA, Goodwin PM, Otis CE. H/D isotope effect in the predissociation of C2HD. J Chem Phys 1990. [DOI: 10.1063/1.458801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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