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Wang D, Li S, Lu Y, Wang J, Men Y. Melt Memory Effect in Polyethylene Random Terpolymer with Small Amount of 1-Octene and 1-Hexene Co-Units: Non-Isothermal and Isothermal Investigations. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15071721. [PMID: 37050335 PMCID: PMC10096915 DOI: 10.3390/polym15071721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Homo-polymers of reasonable molecular weight relax very fast in the molten state. Starting from a semi-crystalline structure, when the homo-polymer is heated up to a temperature higher than its nominal melting temperature, it relaxes quickly into a homogenous molten state. The following crystallization temperature during cooling remains constant irrespective of the melt temperature. However, the situation is evidently different in copolymers. A phenomenon named the crystallization melt memory effect denotes an increased crystallization rate during cooling after a polymer was melted at different temperatures, which is often observed. The melt temperature can be even higher than the equilibrium melting temperature of the corresponding polymer crystals. In this work, we investigated such memory effect in a polyethylene random terpolymer with a small fraction of 1-octene and 1-hexene co-units using differential scanning calorimetry techniques. Both non-isothermal and isothermal protocols were employed. In non-isothermal tests, a purposely prepared sample with well defined thermal history (the sample has been first conditioned at 200 °C for 5 min to eliminate the thermal history and then cooled down to −50 °C) was melted at different temperatures, followed by a continuous cooling at a constant rate of 20 °C/min. Peak crystallization temperature during cooling was taken to represent the crystallization rate. Whereas, in isothermal tests, the same prepared sample with well defined thermal history was cooled to a certain crystallization temperature after being melted at different temperatures. Here, time to complete the isothermal crystallization was recorded. It was found that the results of isothermal tests allowed us to divide the melt temperature into four zones where the features of the crystallization half time change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dengfei Wang
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Oil & Gas Chemical Technology, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Northeast Petroleum University, Daqing 163318, China
- Daqing Petrochemical Research Center, Petrochemical Research Institute of PetroChina, Daqing 163714, China
| | - Shiyan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Renmin Street 5625, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Ying Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Renmin Street 5625, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Oil & Gas Chemical Technology, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Northeast Petroleum University, Daqing 163318, China
- Correspondence: (J.W.); (Y.M.)
| | - Yongfeng Men
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Renmin Street 5625, Changchun 130022, China
- Correspondence: (J.W.); (Y.M.)
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Morphology and mechanical property of high-density polyethylene parts prepared by gas-assisted injection molding. Colloid Polym Sci 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s00396-011-2483-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Alamo RG, Jeon K, Smith RL, Boz E, Wagener KB, Bockstaller MR. Crystallization of Polyethylenes Containing Chlorines: Precise vs Random Placement. Macromolecules 2008. [DOI: 10.1021/ma801152p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R. G. Alamo
- Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, FAMU-FSU College of Engineering, 2525 Pottsdamer St., Tallahassee, Florida 32310-6046; The George and Josephine Butler Polymer Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611-7200; and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Ave., Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213
| | - K. Jeon
- Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, FAMU-FSU College of Engineering, 2525 Pottsdamer St., Tallahassee, Florida 32310-6046; The George and Josephine Butler Polymer Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611-7200; and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Ave., Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213
| | - R. L. Smith
- Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, FAMU-FSU College of Engineering, 2525 Pottsdamer St., Tallahassee, Florida 32310-6046; The George and Josephine Butler Polymer Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611-7200; and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Ave., Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213
| | - E. Boz
- Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, FAMU-FSU College of Engineering, 2525 Pottsdamer St., Tallahassee, Florida 32310-6046; The George and Josephine Butler Polymer Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611-7200; and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Ave., Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213
| | - K. B. Wagener
- Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, FAMU-FSU College of Engineering, 2525 Pottsdamer St., Tallahassee, Florida 32310-6046; The George and Josephine Butler Polymer Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611-7200; and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Ave., Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213
| | - M. R. Bockstaller
- Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, FAMU-FSU College of Engineering, 2525 Pottsdamer St., Tallahassee, Florida 32310-6046; The George and Josephine Butler Polymer Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611-7200; and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Ave., Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213
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Mandelkern L. The effect of molecular weight on the crystallization, melting, and morphology of long-chain molecules. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/polc.5070150112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Lovering EG. The realtionship between molecular weight and spherulitic growth rates in trans-1, 4-polyisoprene. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/polc.5070300136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Wellinghoff
- a Division of Macromolecular Science Case , Western Reserve University Cleveland , Ohio, 44106
| | - F. Rybnikar
- a Division of Macromolecular Science Case , Western Reserve University Cleveland , Ohio, 44106
| | - Eric Baer
- a Division of Macromolecular Science Case , Western Reserve University Cleveland , Ohio, 44106
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Alamo RG, Kim MH, Galante MJ, Isasi JR, Mandelkern L. Structural and Kinetic Factors Governing the Formation of the γ Polymorph of Isotactic Polypropylene. Macromolecules 1999. [DOI: 10.1021/ma981849r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 203] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Mandelkern L, Alamo RG, Haigh JA. Crystallization Kinetics of High Molecular Weight n-Alkanes. Macromolecules 1998. [DOI: 10.1021/ma970791y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- L. Mandelkern
- Department of Chemistry and Institute of Molecular Biophysics, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306-4380, and Department of Chemical Engineering, Florida Agricultural and Mechanical University and Florida State University College of Engineering, 2525 Pottsdamer Street, Tallahassee, Florida 32310-6047
| | - R. G. Alamo
- Department of Chemistry and Institute of Molecular Biophysics, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306-4380, and Department of Chemical Engineering, Florida Agricultural and Mechanical University and Florida State University College of Engineering, 2525 Pottsdamer Street, Tallahassee, Florida 32310-6047
| | - J. A. Haigh
- Department of Chemistry and Institute of Molecular Biophysics, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306-4380, and Department of Chemical Engineering, Florida Agricultural and Mechanical University and Florida State University College of Engineering, 2525 Pottsdamer Street, Tallahassee, Florida 32310-6047
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Yeh JL, Kuo JF, Chen CY. Studies on crystallization kinetics of nylon 6-polyoxypropylene-nylon 6 copolymers. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 1997. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-006-0011-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Galante MJ, Mandelkern L, Alamo RG, Lehtinen A, Paukker R. Crystallization kinetics of metallocene type polypropylenes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1996. [DOI: 10.1007/bf01979439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Gómez MA, Marco C, Fatou J, Carriedo GA, Alonso FJ, Elipe PG. Thermal behaviour and structure of cyanophenoxy copolymers of poly(bis-phenoxyphosphazene). Eur Polym J 1996. [DOI: 10.1016/0014-3057(95)00208-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Lorente J, Marco C, Gómez M, Fatou J. Kinetics of the phase transition in liquid crystalline poly(alkyl terephthaloyl bis-(4-oxybenzoate))s. Eur Polym J 1992. [DOI: 10.1016/0014-3057(92)90319-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Fatou J, Marco C, Mandelkern L. The crystallization kinetics of low-molecular-weight polyethylene fractions. POLYMER 1990. [DOI: 10.1016/0032-3861(90)90052-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Effect of molecular weight blending on the fracture energy and morphology of the semicrystalline polymer poly(1,4-dimethylene-trans-cyclohexyl suberate). POLYMER 1986. [DOI: 10.1016/0032-3861(86)90268-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Isothermal crystallization of poly(ethylene-terephthalate) of low molecular weight by differential scanning calorimetry: 1. Crystallization kinetics. POLYMER 1985. [DOI: 10.1016/0032-3861(85)90205-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Effect of molecular weight and temperature on the isothermal crystallization of poly(oxetane). Colloid Polym Sci 1984. [DOI: 10.1007/bf01452450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Effect of morphology on the crack propagation of the semicrystalline polyester poly(1,4-dimethylene-trans-cyclohexyl suberate). POLYMER 1984. [DOI: 10.1016/0032-3861(84)90093-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Hay J, Mills P. The use of differential scanning calorimetry to study polymer crystallization kinetics. POLYMER 1982. [DOI: 10.1016/0032-3861(82)90283-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Alamo R, Fatou J, Guzmán J. Crystallization of polyformals: 1. Crystallization kinetics of poly(1,3-dioxolane). POLYMER 1982. [DOI: 10.1016/0032-3861(82)90338-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Alamo R, Fatou J, Guzmán J. Crystallization of polyformals: 2. Influence of molecular weight and temperature on the morphology and growth rate in poly(1,3-dioxolane). POLYMER 1982. [DOI: 10.1016/0032-3861(82)90339-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Kinetic theory of polymer crystal growth applied to melt crystallization of low molecular weight poly(ethylene oxide). POLYMER 1980. [DOI: 10.1016/0032-3861(80)90017-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Marco C, Fatou J, Bello A, Blanco A. Crystallization of low molecular weight fractions of poly(octamethylene oxide). POLYMER 1979. [DOI: 10.1016/0032-3861(79)90151-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Marco C, Fatou J, Bello A. Effect of molecular weight on the crystallization kinetics of poly(hexamethylene oxide). POLYMER 1977. [DOI: 10.1016/0032-3861(77)90102-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Riande E, Fatou J, Alcazar J. Crystallization kinetics of poly(ethylene oxide) diluted with xylene. POLYMER 1977. [DOI: 10.1016/0032-3861(77)90101-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Effect of molecular weight on spherulite growth rates of high molecular weight poly(ethylene oxide) fractions. POLYMER 1975. [DOI: 10.1016/0032-3861(75)90052-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Gall M. Effect of molecular weight on the morphology of melt-crystallized PTFE and the occurrence of row-nucleated crystallization. POLYMER 1974. [DOI: 10.1016/0032-3861(74)90123-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Barrales-Rienda J, Fatou J. Effect of molecular weight on the rate of crystallization of polyethylene fractions at high undercooling. POLYMER 1972. [DOI: 10.1016/0032-3861(72)90062-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Beech D, Booth C, Hillier I, Pickles C. The crystallization of poly(ethylene oxide) fractions: Temperature dependence of growth rate. Eur Polym J 1972. [DOI: 10.1016/0014-3057(72)90121-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Mandelkern L. Thermodynamic and morphological properties of bulk crystallized polymers. POLYM ENG SCI 1967. [DOI: 10.1002/pen.760070404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Baker C, Mandelkern L. The crystallization and melting of copolymers I—The effect of the crystallization temperature upon the apparent melting temperature of polymethylene copolymers. POLYMER 1966. [DOI: 10.1016/s0032-3861(66)80014-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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