1
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Queen JD, Anderson-Sanchez LM, Stennett CR, Rajabi A, Ziller JW, Furche F, Evans WJ. Synthesis of Crystallographically Characterizable Bis(cyclopentadienyl) Sc(II) Complexes: (C 5H 2tBu 3) 2Sc and {[C 5H 3(SiMe 3) 2] 2ScI} 1. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:3279-3292. [PMID: 38264991 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c11922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
The synthesis of previously unknown bis(cyclopentadienyl) complexes of the first transition metal, i.e., Sc(II) scandocene complexes, has been investigated using C5H2(tBu)3 (Cpttt), C5Me5 (Cp*), and C5H3(SiMe3)2 (Cp″) ligands. Cpttt2ScI, 1, formed from ScI3 and KCpttt, can be reduced with potassium graphite (KC8) in hexanes to generate dark-red crystals of the first crystallographically characterizable bis(cyclopentadienyl) scandium(II) complex, Cpttt2Sc, 2. Complex 2 has a 170.6° (ring centroid)-Sc-(ring centroid) angle and exhibits an eight-line EPR spectrum characteristic of Sc(II) with Aiso = 82.6 MHz (29.6 G). It sublimes at 200 °C at 10-4 Torr and has a melting point of 268-271 °C. Reductions of Cp*2ScI and Cp″2ScI under analogous conditions in hexanes did not provide new Sc(II) complexes, and reduction of Cp*2ScI in benzene formed the Sc(III) phenyl complex, Cp*2Sc(C6H5), 3, by C-H bond activation. However, in Et2O and toluene, reduction of Cp*2ScI at -78 °C gives a dark-red solution, 4, which displays an eight-line EPR pattern like that of 1, but it did not provide thermally stable crystals. Reduction of Cp″2ScI, in THF or Et2O at -35 °C in the presence of 2.2.2-cryptand, yields the green Sc(II) metallocene iodide complex, [K(crypt)][Cp″2ScI], 5, which was identified by X-ray crystallography and EPR spectroscopy and is thermally unstable. The analogous reaction of Cp*2ScI with KC8 and 18-crown-6 in Et2O gave the ligand redistribution product, [Cp*2Sc(18-crown-6-κ2O,O')][Cp*2ScI2], 6, as the only crystalline product. Density functional theory calculations on the electronic structure of these compounds are reported in addition to a steric analysis using the Guzei method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua D Queen
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-2025, United States
| | | | - Cary R Stennett
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-2025, United States
| | - Ahmadreza Rajabi
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-2025, United States
| | - Joseph W Ziller
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-2025, United States
| | - Filipp Furche
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-2025, United States
| | - William J Evans
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-2025, United States
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2
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Schäfer S, Kaufmann S, Rösch ES, Roesky PW. Divalent metallocenes of the lanthanides - a guideline to properties and reactivity. Chem Soc Rev 2023. [PMID: 37183859 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00744d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Since the discovery in the early 1980s, the soluble divalent metallocenes of lanthanides have become a steadily growing field in organometallic chemistry. The predominant part of the investigation has been performed with samarium, europium, and ytterbium, whereas only a few reports dealing with other rare earth elements were disclosed. Reactions of these metallocenes can be divided into two major categories: (1) formation of Lewis acid-base complexes, in which the oxidation state remains +II; and (2) single electron transfer (SET) reductions with the ultimate formation of Ln(III) complexes. Due to the increasing reducing character from Eu(II) over Yb(II) to Sm(II), the plethora of literature concerning redox reactions revolves around the metallocenes of Sm and Yb. In addition, a few reactivity studies on Nd(II), Dy(II) and mainly Tm(II) metallocenes were published. These compounds are even stronger reducing agents but significantly more difficult to handle. In most cases, the metals are ligated by the versatile pentamethylcyclopentadienyl ligand: (C5Me5). Other cyclopentadienyl ligands are fully covered but only discussed in detail, if the ligand causes differences in synthesis or reactivity. Thus, the focus lays on three compounds: [(C5Me5)2Sm], [(C5Me5)2Eu] and [(C5Me5)2Yb] and their solvates. We discuss the synthesis and physical properties of divalent lanthanide metallocenes first, followed by an overview of the reactivity rendering the full potential of these versatile reactants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Schäfer
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstraße 15, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany.
| | - Sebastian Kaufmann
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstraße 15, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany.
| | - Esther S Rösch
- Baden-Württemberg Cooperative State University Karlsruhe, Erzbergerstr. 121, 76133 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Peter W Roesky
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstraße 15, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany.
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3
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Wahlers J, Rosales AR, Berkel N, Forbes A, Helquist P, Norrby PO, Wiest O. A Quantum-Guided Molecular Mechanics Force Field for the Ferrocene Scaffold. J Org Chem 2022; 87:12334-12341. [PMID: 36066498 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c01553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Ferrocene derivatives have a wide range of applications, including as ligands in asymmetric catalysis, due to their chemical stability, rigid backbone, steric bulk, and ability to encode stereochemical information via planar chirality. Unfortunately, few of the available molecular mechanics force fields incorporate parameters for the accurate study of this important building block. Here, we present a MM3* force field for ferrocenyl ligands, which was generated using the quantum-guided molecular mechanics (Q2MM) method. Detailed validation by comparison to DFT calculations and crystal structures demonstrates the accuracy of the parameters and uncovers the physical origin of deviations through excess energy analysis. Combining the ferrocene force field with a force field for Pd-allyl complexes and comparing the crystal structures shows the compatibility with previously developed MM3* force fields. Finally, the ferrocene force field was combined with a previously published transition-state force field to predict the stereochemical outcomes of the aminations of Pd-allyl complexes with different amines and different chiral ferrocenyl ligands, with an R2 of ∼0.91 over 10 examples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Wahlers
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - Anthony R Rosales
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - Neil Berkel
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - Aaron Forbes
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - Paul Helquist
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - Per-Ola Norrby
- Data Science and Modelling, Pharmaceutical Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca Gothenburg, Pepparedsleden 1, Mölndal SE-431 83, Sweden
| | - Olaf Wiest
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
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4
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Boreen MA, Lussier DJ, Skeel BA, Lohrey TD, Watt FA, Shuh DK, Long JR, Hohloch S, Arnold J. Structural, Electrochemical, and Magnetic Studies of Bulky Uranium(III) and Uranium(IV) Metallocenes. Inorg Chem 2019; 58:16629-16641. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b02719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael A. Boreen
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Daniel J. Lussier
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Brighton A. Skeel
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Trevor D. Lohrey
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Fabian A. Watt
- University of Paderborn, Warburger Straße 100, 33098 Paderborn, Germany
| | - David K. Shuh
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Jeffrey R. Long
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Stephan Hohloch
- University of Paderborn, Warburger Straße 100, 33098 Paderborn, Germany
| | - John Arnold
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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5
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Pal R, Mebs S, Shi MW, Jayatilaka D, Krzeszczakowska JM, Malaspina LA, Wiecko M, Luger P, Hesse M, Chen YS, Beckmann J, Grabowsky S. Linear MgCp* 2 vs Bent CaCp* 2: London Dispersion, Ligand-Induced Charge Localizations, and Pseudo-Pregostic C-H···Ca Interactions. Inorg Chem 2018; 57:4906-4920. [PMID: 29671589 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.7b03079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In the family of metallocenes, MgCp*2 (Cp* = pentamethylcyclopentadienyl) exhibits a regular linear sandwich structure, whereas CaCp*2 is bent in both the gas phase and solid state. Bending is typically observed for metal ions which possess a lone pair. Here, we investigate which electronic differences cause the bending in complexes lacking lone pairs at the metal atoms. The bent gas-phase geometry of CaCp*2 suggests that the bending must have an intramolecular origin. Geometry optimizations with and without dispersion effects/d-type polarization functions on MCp2 and MCp*2 gas-phase complexes (M = Ca, Mg) establish that attractive methyl···methyl London dispersion interactions play a decisive role in the bending in CaCp*2. A sufficient polarizability of the metal to produce a shallow bending potential energy curve is a prerequisite but is not the reason for the bending. Concomitant ligand-induced charge concentrations and localizations at the metal atoms are studied in further detail, for which real-space bonding and orbital-based descriptors are used. Low-temperature crystal structures of MgCp*2 and CaCp*2 were determined which facilitated the identification and characterization of intermolecular pseudo-pregostic interactions, C-H···Ca, in the CaCp*2 crystal structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rumpa Pal
- Universität Bremen , Institut für Anorganische Chemie und Kristallographie , Leobener Straße 3 and 7 , 28359 Bremen , Germany
| | - Stefan Mebs
- Freie Universität Berlin , Institut für Experimentalphysik , Arnimallee 14 , 14195 Berlin , Germany
| | - Ming W Shi
- The University of Western Australia, School of Molecular Sciences , 35 Stirling Highway , Perth Western Australia 6009 , Australia
| | - Dylan Jayatilaka
- The University of Western Australia, School of Molecular Sciences , 35 Stirling Highway , Perth Western Australia 6009 , Australia
| | - Joanna M Krzeszczakowska
- University of Warsaw , Biological and Chemical Research Centre, Chemistry Department , Zwirki i Wigury 101 , 02-089 Warsaw , Poland
| | - Lorraine A Malaspina
- Universität Bremen , Institut für Anorganische Chemie und Kristallographie , Leobener Straße 3 and 7 , 28359 Bremen , Germany
| | - Michal Wiecko
- Freie Universität Berlin , Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Anorganische Chemie , Fabeckstraße 36a , 14195 Berlin , Germany
| | - Peter Luger
- Freie Universität Berlin , Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Anorganische Chemie , Fabeckstraße 36a , 14195 Berlin , Germany
| | - Malte Hesse
- Universität Bremen , Institut für Anorganische Chemie und Kristallographie , Leobener Straße 3 and 7 , 28359 Bremen , Germany
| | - Yu-Sheng Chen
- ChemMatCARS, Center for Advanced Radiation Sources, c/o Advanced Photon Source/ANL , The University of Chicago , 9700 South Cass Avenue , Building 434D, Argonne , Illinois 60439 , United States
| | - Jens Beckmann
- Universität Bremen , Institut für Anorganische Chemie und Kristallographie , Leobener Straße 3 and 7 , 28359 Bremen , Germany
| | - Simon Grabowsky
- Universität Bremen , Institut für Anorganische Chemie und Kristallographie , Leobener Straße 3 and 7 , 28359 Bremen , Germany
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6
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Koby RF, Hanusa TP. Dispersion and distortion in heavy group 2 and lanthanide decamethylmetallocenes: The (C5Me5)2(Sr,Sm) connection. J Organomet Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2017.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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7
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Liptrot DJ, Power PP. London dispersion forces in sterically crowded inorganic and organometallic molecules. Nat Rev Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1038/s41570-016-0004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 236] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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8
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Selikhov AN, Cherkasov AV, Fukin GK, Trifonov AA, del Rosal I, Maron L. Amido Analogues of Nonbent Lanthanide (II) and Calcium Metallocenes. Heterolytic Cleavage of π-Bond Ln–Carbazolyl Ligand Promoted by Lewis Base Coordination. Organometallics 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/om500572y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander N. Selikhov
- Institute of Organometallic Chemistry of Russian Academy of Sciences, 49 Tropinina str., GSP-445, 630950, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
- Nizhny Novgorod State University, Gagarina 23, 603950, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Anton V. Cherkasov
- Institute of Organometallic Chemistry of Russian Academy of Sciences, 49 Tropinina str., GSP-445, 630950, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
- Nizhny Novgorod State University, Gagarina 23, 603950, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Georgy K. Fukin
- Institute of Organometallic Chemistry of Russian Academy of Sciences, 49 Tropinina str., GSP-445, 630950, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
- Nizhny Novgorod State University, Gagarina 23, 603950, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Alexander A. Trifonov
- Institute of Organometallic Chemistry of Russian Academy of Sciences, 49 Tropinina str., GSP-445, 630950, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
- Nizhny Novgorod State University, Gagarina 23, 603950, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
- Institute of Organoelement Compounds of Russian Academy of Scienes, Vavilova str. 28, 119334, Moscow, Russia
| | - Iker del Rosal
- Université de Toulouse, INSA, UPS, CNRS-UMR5215, LPCNO, Avenue de Rangueil 135, 31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Laurent Maron
- Université de Toulouse, INSA, UPS, CNRS-UMR5215, LPCNO, Avenue de Rangueil 135, 31077 Toulouse, France
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9
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Kühling M, Wickleder C, Ferguson MJ, Hrib CG, McDonald R, Suta M, Hilfert L, Takats J, Edelmann FT. Investigation of the “bent sandwich-like” divalent lanthanide hydro-tris(pyrazolyl)borates Ln(TpiPr2)2 (Ln = Sm, Eu, Tm, Yb). NEW J CHEM 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5nj00568j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Synthesis, luminescence and reactivity of the lanthanide(ii) “bent sandwich-like” hydro-tris(pyrazolyl)borate complexes Ln(TpiPr2)2 (Ln = Sm, Eu, Tm, Yb) have been investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcel Kühling
- Chemisches Institut der Otto-von-Guericke-Universität Magdeburg
- Universitätsplatz 2
- 39106 Magdeburg
- Germany
| | | | | | - Cristian G. Hrib
- Chemisches Institut der Otto-von-Guericke-Universität Magdeburg
- Universitätsplatz 2
- 39106 Magdeburg
- Germany
| | - Robert McDonald
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Alberta
- Edmonton
- Canada T6G 2G2
| | - Markus Suta
- Universität Siegen
- Anorganische Chemie
- 57068 Siegen
- Germany
| | - Liane Hilfert
- Chemisches Institut der Otto-von-Guericke-Universität Magdeburg
- Universitätsplatz 2
- 39106 Magdeburg
- Germany
| | - Josef Takats
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Alberta
- Edmonton
- Canada T6G 2G2
| | - Frank T. Edelmann
- Chemisches Institut der Otto-von-Guericke-Universität Magdeburg
- Universitätsplatz 2
- 39106 Magdeburg
- Germany
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10
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Momin A, Carter L, Yang Y, McDonald R, Essafi (née Labouille) S, Nief F, Del Rosal I, Sella A, Maron L, Takats J. To Bend or Not To Bend: Experimental and Computational Studies of Structural Preference in Ln(TpiPr2)2 (Ln = Sm, Tm). Inorg Chem 2014; 53:12066-75. [DOI: 10.1021/ic501816v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aurélien Momin
- Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaires, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, 91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - Lee Carter
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada T6G 2G2
| | - Yi Yang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada T6G 2G2
| | - Robert McDonald
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada T6G 2G2
| | | | - François Nief
- Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaires, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, 91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - Iker Del Rosal
- Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie des Nanoobjets,
INSA, Université Paul Sabatier, 135 Avenue de Rangueil, 31077 Toulouse Cedex, France
| | - Andrea Sella
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London, WC1H 0AJ, United Kingdom
| | - Laurent Maron
- Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie des Nanoobjets,
INSA, Université Paul Sabatier, 135 Avenue de Rangueil, 31077 Toulouse Cedex, France
| | - Josef Takats
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada T6G 2G2
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11
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Tidey JP, Wong HL, Schröder M, Blake AJ. Structural chemistry of metal coordination complexes at high pressure. Coord Chem Rev 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2014.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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12
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Labouille S, Clavaguéra C, Nief F. Theoretical Insights into the Nature of Divalent Lanthanide–Ligand Interactions. Organometallics 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/om301018u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stéphanie Labouille
- Laboratoire
Hétéroéléments et Coordination and ‡Laboratoire des
Mécanismes Réactionnels, Department of
Chemistry, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS, 91128
Palaiseau, France
| | - Carine Clavaguéra
- Laboratoire
Hétéroéléments et Coordination and ‡Laboratoire des
Mécanismes Réactionnels, Department of
Chemistry, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS, 91128
Palaiseau, France
| | - François Nief
- Laboratoire
Hétéroéléments et Coordination and ‡Laboratoire des
Mécanismes Réactionnels, Department of
Chemistry, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS, 91128
Palaiseau, France
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13
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Riviş A, Hădărugă NG, Gârban Z, Hădărugă DI. Titanocene / cyclodextrin supramolecular systems: a theoretical approach. Chem Cent J 2012; 6:129. [PMID: 23122334 PMCID: PMC3537657 DOI: 10.1186/1752-153x-6-129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2012] [Accepted: 10/15/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Recently, various metallocenes were synthesized and analyzed by biological activity point of view (such as antiproliferative properties): ruthenocenes, cobaltoceniums, titanocenes, zirconocenes, vanadocenes, niobocenes, molibdocenes etc. Two main disadvantages of metallocenes are the poor hydrosolubility and the hydrolytic instability. These problems could be resolved in two ways: synthetically modifying the structure or finding new formulations with enhanced properties. The aqueous solubility of metallocenes with cytostatic activities could be enhanced by molecular encapsulation in cyclodextrins, as well as the hydrolytic instability of these compounds could be reduced. Results This study presents a theoretical approach on the nanoencapsulation of a series of titanocenes with cytotoxic activity in α-, β-, and γ-cyclodextrin. The HyperChem 5.11 package was used for building and molecular modelling of titanocene and cyclodextrin structures, as well as for titanocene/cyclodextrin complex optimization. For titanocene/cyclodextrin complex optimization experiments, the titanocene and cyclodextrin structures in minimal energy conformations were set up at various distances and positions between molecules (molecular mechanics functionality, MM+). The best interaction between titanocene structures and cyclodextrins was obtained in the case of β- and γ-cyclodextrin, having the hydrophobic moieties oriented to the secondary face of cyclodextrin. The hydrophobicity of titanocenes (logP) correlate with the titanocene-cyclodextrin interaction parameters, especially with the titanocene-cyclodextrin interaction energy; the compatible geometry and the interaction energy denote that the titanocene/β- and γ-cyclodextrin complex can be achieved. Valuable quantitative structure-activity relationships (QSARs) were also obtained in the titanocene class by using the same logP as the main parameter for the in vitro cytotoxic activity against HeLa, K562, and Fem-x cell lines. Conclusions According to our theoretical study, the titanocene/cyclodextrin inclusion compounds can be obtained (high interaction energy; the encapsulation is energetically favourable). Further, the most hydrophobic compounds are better encapsulated in β- and γ-cyclodextrin molecules and are more stable (from energetically point of view) in comparison with α-cyclodextrin case. This study suggests that the titanocene / β- and γ-cyclodextrin complexes (or synthetically modified cyclodextrins with higher water solubility) could be experimentally synthesized and could have enhanced cytotoxic activity and even lower toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Riviş
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Organic-Natural Compounds Engineering, "Politehnica" University of Timişoara, Faculty of Industrial Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Carol Telbisz 6, Timişoara 300001, Romania.
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14
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Labouille S, Nief F, Le Goff XF, Maron L, Kindra DR, Houghton HL, Ziller JW, Evans WJ. Ligand Influence on the Redox Chemistry of Organosamarium Complexes: Experimental and Theoretical Studies of the Reactions of (C5Me5)2Sm(THF)2 and (C4Me4P)2Sm with Pyridine and Acridine. Organometallics 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/om300573z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Stéphanie Labouille
- Laboratoire Hétéroéléments
et Coordination, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Route de Saclay, F-91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - François Nief
- Laboratoire Hétéroéléments
et Coordination, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Route de Saclay, F-91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - Xavier-Frédéric Le Goff
- Laboratoire Hétéroéléments
et Coordination, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Route de Saclay, F-91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - Laurent Maron
- University of Toulouse, INSA, UPS, LPCNO, 135 Avenue de Rangueil, F-31077 Toulouse, France,
and CNRS, LPCNO UMR 5215, F-31077 Toulouse,
France
| | - Douglas R. Kindra
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-2025,
United States
| | - Heidi L. Houghton
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-2025,
United States
| | - Joseph W. Ziller
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-2025,
United States
| | - William J. Evans
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-2025,
United States
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15
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Evans WJ, Walensky JR, Furche F, DiPasquale AG, Rheingold AL. Trigonal-Planar versus Pyramidal Geometries in the Tris(ring) Heteroleptic Divalent Lanthanide Complexes (C5Me5)Ln(μ-η6:η1-Ph)2BPh2: Crystallographic and Density Functional Theory Analysis. Organometallics 2009. [DOI: 10.1021/om9006104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- William J. Evans
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-2025
| | - Justin R. Walensky
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-2025
| | - Filipp Furche
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-2025
| | - Antonio G. DiPasquale
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, MC 0358 La Jolla, California 92093-0358
| | - Arnold L. Rheingold
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, MC 0358 La Jolla, California 92093-0358
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16
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Edelmann A, Blaurock S, Lorenz V, Hilfert L, Edelmann FT. [(C5Me5)Yb(μ-η8,η8-cot′′′)Yb(μ-η8,η8-cot′′′)Yb(C5Me5)]—A Unique Tetradecker Sandwich Complex of a Divalent Lanthanide. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2007; 46:6732-4. [PMID: 17661299 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200702148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anja Edelmann
- Chemisches Institut, Otto-von-Guericke-Universität Magdeburg, Universitätsplatz 2, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
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17
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Edelmann A, Blaurock S, Lorenz V, Hilfert L, Edelmann F. [(C5Me5)Yb(μ-η8,η8-cot′′′)Yb(μ-η8,η8-cot′′′)Yb(C5Me5)] – ein ungewöhnlicher Tetradecker-Sandwichkomplex eines zweiwertigen Lanthanoids. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200702148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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18
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Avent AG, Crimmin MR, Hill MS, Hitchcock PB. Reactivity of [HC{(C(Me)N(Dipp))}2Ca{N(SiMe3)2}(THF)] (Dipp=C6H3iPr2-2,6) with C–H acids: Synthesis of heteroleptic calcium η5-organometallics. J Organomet Chem 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2005.11.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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19
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Vrček V, Bühl M. Conformational Analysis of Ferrocene-Containing Alcohols. A Density Functional Study of Weak OH···Fe Interactions. Organometallics 2005. [DOI: 10.1021/om050810p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Valerije Vrček
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, HR-10000, Zagreb, Croatia, and Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, D-45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Michael Bühl
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, HR-10000, Zagreb, Croatia, and Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, D-45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
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20
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Walter MD, Wolmershäuser G, Sitzmann H. Calcium, Strontium, Barium, and Ytterbium Complexes with Cyclooctatetraenyl or Cyclononatetraenyl Ligands1. J Am Chem Soc 2005; 127:17494-503. [PMID: 16332102 DOI: 10.1021/ja0550071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Neutral triple-decker complexes of the heavy alkaline earth metals and ytterbium with tetraisopropylcyclopentadienide anions as terminal ligands and a cyclooctatetraene dianion as a middle deck have been synthesized from tetraisopropylcyclopentadienyl metal halide precursors and disodium cyclooctatetraenide. The pentaisopropylcyclopentadienyl analogue [{(C5iPr5)Yb}2(C8H8)] was prepared from ytterbium metal, cyclooctatetraene, and the free pentaisopropylcyclopentadienyl radical. X-ray crystal structure determinations for the barium and the calcium derivative show an almost linear arrangement of ring centers and metal atoms in both cases with metal-ring center distances of 2.33 A (Ca-Cp), 1.99/1.98 A (Ca-COT) and 2.71 A (Ba-Cp), 2.40 A (Ba-COT). The geometrical features of these molecules could be modeled quite accurately with density functional calculations. With potassium cyclononatetraenide, sparingly soluble bis(cyclononatetraenyl)barium could be prepared and characterized by 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, and elemental analysis. Cyclononatetraenyl(tetraisopropylcyclopentadienyl)barium was obtained from [(C5HiPr4)BaI(THF)2]2 and KC9H9 as a 1:1 mixture with octaisopropylbarocene. Density functional calculations predict sandwich structures with parallel rings and a 2.37 A Ba-ring distance for [Ba(C9H9)2] and a 174 bending with metal-ring distances of 2.72 A (Ba-Cp) and 2.35 A (Ba-CNT) for [(C5HiPr4)Ba(C9H9)]. All alkaline earth sandwich and triple-decker complexes mentioned above have been heated to 250 degrees C without decomposition and have been sublimed in oil pump vacuum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc D Walter
- FB Chemie der Technischen Universität Kaiserslautern, Erwin-Schrödinger-Strasse 54, D-67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
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21
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22
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Dinnebier RE, van Smaalen S, Olbrich F, Carlson S. Effect of Crystal Packing on the Structures of Polymeric Metallocenes. Inorg Chem 2005; 44:964-8. [PMID: 15859275 DOI: 10.1021/ic049214y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The pressure dependencies of the crystal structures of the polymeric metallocenes lithium cyclopentadienide (LiCp) and potassium cyclopentadienide (KCp) have been determined by synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction. The decrease of the volume of LiCp by 34% up to a pressure of p = 12.2 GPa and of KCp by 23% at p = 5.3 GPa as well as the bulk moduli of K = 7.7 GPa for LiCp and 4.9 GPa for KCp indicate a high compressibility for these compounds. The crystal structures of KCp have been determined up to p = 3.9 GPa. An increase of the bend angle is found from 45 degrees at p = 0 GPa up to 51 degrees at p = 3.9 GPa. This variation is completely explained by a model invoking attractive K+ Cp- interaction and repulsive nonbonded carbon-carbon interactions. It is proposed that the bend angle in the polymeric alkali metal metallocenes is the result of the optimization of the crystal packing.
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Affiliation(s)
- R E Dinnebier
- Max-Planck-Institute for Solid State Research, Heisenbergstrasse 1, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany.
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23
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Schumann H, Schutte S, Kroth HJ, Lentz D. Butenylsubstituierte Erdalkalimetallocene: ein erster Schritt zu Olefinkomplexen der Erdalkalimetalle. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2004. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200460927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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24
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Schumann H, Schutte S, Kroth HJ, Lentz D. Butenyl-Substituted Alkaline-Earth Metallocenes: A First Step towards Olefin Complexes of the Alkaline-Earth Metals. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2004; 43:6208-11. [PMID: 15549740 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200460927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Herbert Schumann
- Institut für Chemie, Technische Universität Berlin, Strasse des 17. Juni 135, 10623 Berlin, Germany.
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25
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Harvey M, Quisenberry K, Hanusa T, Young Jr. V. A Homologous Series of Base‐Free Organo(alkaline‐earth) Metallocenes: Synthesis and Molecular Structures of [1,2,4‐(SiMe
3
)
3
C
5
H
2
]
2
(Ca, Sr, Ba). Eur J Inorg Chem 2003. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.200300284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Melanie J. Harvey
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, U.S.A., Fax: (internat.) + 1‐615/343‐1234
| | - Keith T. Quisenberry
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, U.S.A., Fax: (internat.) + 1‐615/343‐1234
| | - Timothy P. Hanusa
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, U.S.A., Fax: (internat.) + 1‐615/343‐1234
| | - Victor G. Young Jr.
- X‐ray Crystallographic Laboratory, Chemistry Department, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, U.S.A., Fax: (internat.) + 1‐612/626‐7541
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26
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Malar EJP. Do penta- and decaphospha analogues of lithocene anion and beryllocene exist? Analysis of stability, structure, and bonding by hybrid density functional study. Inorg Chem 2003; 42:3873-83. [PMID: 12793825 DOI: 10.1021/ic0340027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Stability in penta- and decaphospha analogues of lithocene anion and beryllocene is investigated by complete structural optimization at the B3LYP/6-31G level. Natural bond orbital analysis is carried out to examine the bonding between the metal and the ligands. The heterolytic dissociation energies of 667 and 608 kcal/mol predicted by B3LYP/6-311+G//B3LYP/6-31G calculations for CpBeP(5) and (P(5))(2)Be are comparable with the observed value of 635 +/- 15 kcal/mol in ferrocene. The high stability in CpBeP(5) and (P(5))(2)Be shows that these species are isolable under appropriate conditions. Lithocene anion and its phospha analogues possess lower stability toward dissociation into ionic fragments. A novel observation of the present study is that CpBeP(5) and (P(5))(2)Be have lowest energies when the two planar ligands are arranged perpendicular to each other such that one of the ligands, cyclo-P(5), is eta(1)-coordinated while the second ligand is eta(5)-coordinated to Be. The resulting structure having C(s)() point group (denoted as C(s)()(p)) is predicted to be 22 and 28 kcal/mol lower than the staggered sandwich geometry in CpBeP(5) and (P(5))(2)Be, respectively, at the B3LYP/6-311+G//B3LYP/6-31G level. In the analogous lithocene anions [CpLiP(5)](-) and [(P(5))(2)Li](-) also the C(s)()(p) structures are found to be the lowest energy structures, though their relative stabilities are small. We also characterized the geometry with both ligands eta(1)-coordinated to the metal in a linear arrangement having the D(2)(h)() point group in the decaphospha analogues [(P(5))(2)Li](-) and (P(5))(2)Be. This structure is found to be higher in energy than the C(s)()(p) structure. The D(2)(h)() structure could not be located as a potential minimum in the biscyclopentadienyl complexes and their pentaphospha analogues. Both the C(s)()(p) and D(2)(h)() structures are characterized for the first time in metallocenes. The D(2)(h)() structure seems to be a unique feature in the decaphospha metallocenes under consideration. Covalent bond formation between beryllium and phosphorus atom P(1) of eta(1)-(cyclo-P(5)) is more pronounced (bond orders 0.43-0.49) than that between Be and C(1) of eta(1)-Cp (bond orders 0.24-0.27). Though both eta(1)-coordinated cyclo-P(5) and Cp exhibit C(2)(v)() point groups, bond alternation is less pronounced in the former. The Wiberg P-P bond orders in the eta(1)-(cyclo-P(5)) of CpBeP(5) and (P(5))(2)Be having C(s)()(p) structures are in the range 1.29-1.47. These ring bond orders indicate that the P(5) ring retains aromaticity to a large extent in the eta(1)-mode of bonding with Be. Second-order perturbational energy analysis of the Fock matrix in the natural bond orbital basis reveals that there is a significant stabilizing interaction of approximately 123 kcal/mol between the lone pair orbital of P(1) and the 2s orbital of Be in the C(s)()(p) structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- E J Padma Malar
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai 600 025, India.
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27
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Vollet J, Baum E, Schnöckel H. Bis(pentamethylcyclopentadienyl)magnesium: Unexpected Determination of the Until Now Unknown Molecular Structure of the Crystalline Compound. Organometallics 2003. [DOI: 10.1021/om0301031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jean Vollet
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie der Universität Karlsruhe, Engesserstr. 15, Geb. 30.45, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Elke Baum
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie der Universität Karlsruhe, Engesserstr. 15, Geb. 30.45, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Hansgeorg Schnöckel
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie der Universität Karlsruhe, Engesserstr. 15, Geb. 30.45, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
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28
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Yoshida T, Sakakibara K, Asami M, Chen KH, Lii JH, Allinger NL. Molecular mechanics (MM3) calculations on lithium amide compounds. J Comput Chem 2003; 24:319-27. [PMID: 12548723 DOI: 10.1002/jcc.10161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The MM3 force field has been extended to deal with the lithium amide molecules that are widely used as efficient catalysts for stereoselective asymmetric synthesis. The MM3 force field parameters have been determined on the basis of the ab initio MP2/6-31G* and/or DFT (B3LYP/6-31G*, B3-PW91/6-31G*) geometry optimization calculations. To evaluate the electronic interactions specific to the lithium amides derived from the diamine molecules properly, the Lewis bonding potential term for the interaction between the lithium atom and the nonbonded adjacent electronegative atom such as nitrogen was introduced into the MM3 force field. The bond dipoles were evaluated correctly from the electronic charges on the atoms calculated by fitting to the electrostatic potential at points selected. The MM3 results on the molecular structures, conformational energies, and vibrational spectra show good agreement with those from the quantum mechanical calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Yoshida
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Yokohama National University, 79-5 Tokoiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama 240-8501, Japan
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29
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Hanusa TP. New Developments in the Cyclopentadienyl Chemistry of the Alkaline-Earth Metals. Organometallics 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/om020168o] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Timothy P. Hanusa
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235
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30
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The bent metallocene geometries of potassium polyalkyl cyclopentadienyl THF solvates: monosolvated [(THF)K(μ-C5Me5)]n, disolvated [(THF)2K(μ-C5Me5)]n and the tethered olefin complex [(THF)K(μ-C5Me4SiMe2CH2CHCH2)]n. J Organomet Chem 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-328x(02)01138-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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31
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Evans WJ. The expansion of divalent organolanthanide reduction chemistry via new molecular divalent complexes and sterically induced reduction reactivity of trivalent complexes. J Organomet Chem 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-328x(01)01462-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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32
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Carlsson AE, Zapata S. The functional form of angular forces around transition metal ions in biomolecules. Biophys J 2001; 81:1-10. [PMID: 11423390 PMCID: PMC1301487 DOI: 10.1016/s0006-3495(01)75675-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A method for generating angular forces around sigma-bonded transition metal ions is generalized to treat pi-bonded configurations. The theoretical approach is based on an analysis of ligand-field and small-cluster Hamiltonians based on the moments of the electron state distribution. The functional forms that are obtained involve a modification of the usual expression of the binding energy as a sum of ligand-ligand interactions, which, however, requires very little increase in CPU time. The angular interactions have simple forms involving sin and cos functions, whose relative weights depend on whether the ligands are sigma- or pi-bonded. They describe the ligand-field stabilization energy to an accuracy of about 10%, and the interaction energy of covalently bonded systems to an accuracy of better than 4%. The resulting functional forms for the force field are used to model the structure of small clusters, including fragments of the copper blue protein structure. Large deviations from the typical square copper coordination are found when pi-bonded ligands are present.
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Affiliation(s)
- A E Carlsson
- Department of Physics, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri 63130-4899, USA.
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33
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Sapunov VN, Kirchner K, Schmid R. Revisiting the main group cyclopentadienyl metal complexes in terms of the through-space coupling concept. Coord Chem Rev 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s0010-8545(00)00390-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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34
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Suponitsky KY, Timofeeva TV, Allinger NL. Molecular mechanics calculations of 10-vertex boron cage compounds. Inorg Chem 2000; 39:3140-7. [PMID: 11196848 DOI: 10.1021/ic991155e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The model proposed earlier for molecular mechanics calculations of 7- and 12-vertex boranes, carboranes, and metallocarboranes has been extended to the case of 10-vertex borane cage compounds. To use the MM3 program with the standard connectivity file, and to avoid program alterations, the 10-vertex cages of the molecules were presented as a superposition of four formally independent fragments. Interactions between the fragments were described with a Hill-like potential, with the parameters adjusted for valence interactions. Standard values for the bond lengths and bond angles in the 10-vertex boron cage have been found by statistical analysis of X-ray data on borane cage compounds stored in the Cambridge Structural Database. Several substituted neutral molecules and anions have been considered, and good agreement of the calculated and experimental data has been obtained. Using the approach developed, the unknown structure of the [mu-B20H16O(CH2)4O(CH2)2CH(CH3)2]3- ion has been calculated.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Y Suponitsky
- Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov Street 28, Moscow 117813, Russia.
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35
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Schultz M, Burns CJ, Schwartz DJ, Andersen RA. Solid-State Structures of Base-Free Ytterbocenes and Inclusion Compounds of Bis(pentamethylcyclopentadienyl)ytterbium with Neutral Carboranes and Toluene: The Role of Intermolecular Contacts. Organometallics 2000. [DOI: 10.1021/om990821g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Madeleine Schultz
- Chemistry Department and Chemical Sciences Division of Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - Carol J. Burns
- Chemistry Department and Chemical Sciences Division of Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - David J. Schwartz
- Chemistry Department and Chemical Sciences Division of Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - Richard A. Andersen
- Chemistry Department and Chemical Sciences Division of Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
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36
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Burkey DJ, Hanusa TP, Huffman JC. Stereochemical activity of the metal-centered lone electron pair in group 14 metallocenes. Crystal structure of the linear sandwich complex [C5(iPr)3H2]2Pb. Inorg Chem 2000; 39:153-5. [PMID: 11229023 DOI: 10.1021/ic9905401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- D J Burkey
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA
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37
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38
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MacLaren DC, Mackie SC. Conformational analysis of dicarbonyl(methylcyclopentadienyl)(2-(diethylamino)-2-oxoethyl)iron(II): a spectroscopic and molecular mechanics study. J Organomet Chem 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-328x(99)00477-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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39
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Hagelin H, Svensson M, Åkermark B, Norrby PO. Molecular Mechanics (MM3*) Force Field Parameters for Calculations on Palladium Olefin Complexes with Phosphorus Ligands. Organometallics 1999. [DOI: 10.1021/om990228z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Helena Hagelin
- Department of Chemistry, Organic Chemistry, Royal Institute of Technology, S-10044 Stockholm, Sweden, and Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Royal Danish School of Pharmacy, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mats Svensson
- Department of Chemistry, Organic Chemistry, Royal Institute of Technology, S-10044 Stockholm, Sweden, and Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Royal Danish School of Pharmacy, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Björn Åkermark
- Department of Chemistry, Organic Chemistry, Royal Institute of Technology, S-10044 Stockholm, Sweden, and Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Royal Danish School of Pharmacy, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Per-Ola Norrby
- Department of Chemistry, Organic Chemistry, Royal Institute of Technology, S-10044 Stockholm, Sweden, and Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Royal Danish School of Pharmacy, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
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40
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Brintzinger HH, Prosenc MH, Schaper F, Weeber A, Wieser U. Alternative force field models for ansa-zirconocene complexes—vibrational and structural studies on Me 2 Si-bridged and tert -butyl-substituted representatives. J Mol Struct 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-2860(99)00184-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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41
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Schoeller WW, Friedrich O, Sundermann A, Rozhenko A. Geometric and Electronic Structure of Carbocene, (C5R5)2C, versus Silicocene, (C5R5)2Si (R = H, Me). Organometallics 1999. [DOI: 10.1021/om980737l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wolfgang W. Schoeller
- Fakultät für Chemie der Universität Bielefeld, Postfach 10 01 31, 33501 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Oliver Friedrich
- Fakultät für Chemie der Universität Bielefeld, Postfach 10 01 31, 33501 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Andreas Sundermann
- Fakultät für Chemie der Universität Bielefeld, Postfach 10 01 31, 33501 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Alexander Rozhenko
- Fakultät für Chemie der Universität Bielefeld, Postfach 10 01 31, 33501 Bielefeld, Germany
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42
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Jutzi P, Burford N. Structurally Diverse pi-Cyclopentadienyl Complexes of the Main Group Elements. Chem Rev 1999; 99:969-990. [PMID: 11848997 DOI: 10.1021/cr941099t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 396] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peter Jutzi
- Department of Chemistry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 4J3, Canada
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43
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Evans WJ, Johnston MA, Greci MA, Ziller JW. Synthesis, Structure, and Reactivity of Unsolvated Triple-Decked Bent Metallocenes of Divalent Europium and Ytterbium. Organometallics 1999. [DOI: 10.1021/om980762r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- William J. Evans
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-2025
| | - Matthew A. Johnston
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-2025
| | - Michael A. Greci
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-2025
| | - Joseph W. Ziller
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-2025
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44
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Greene TM, Downs AJ, Pulham CR, Haaland A, Verne HP, Volden HV, Timofeeva TV. Molecular Structures of Pentamethylarsenic(V) and Trimethyldichloroarsenic(V) by Gas Electron Diffraction and ab Initio Calculations: Molecular Mechanics Calculations on Pentamethylarsenic(V), Pentaphenylarsenic(V), and Related Compounds. Organometallics 1998. [DOI: 10.1021/om980520r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tim M. Greene
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QR, U.K., Department of Chemistry, The University of Edinburgh, West Mains Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3JJ, Scotland, U.K., Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, PO Box 1033 Blindern, N-0315 Oslo, Norway, and Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov Street 28, Moscow 117813, Russia
| | - Anthony J. Downs
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QR, U.K., Department of Chemistry, The University of Edinburgh, West Mains Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3JJ, Scotland, U.K., Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, PO Box 1033 Blindern, N-0315 Oslo, Norway, and Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov Street 28, Moscow 117813, Russia
| | - Colin R. Pulham
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QR, U.K., Department of Chemistry, The University of Edinburgh, West Mains Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3JJ, Scotland, U.K., Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, PO Box 1033 Blindern, N-0315 Oslo, Norway, and Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov Street 28, Moscow 117813, Russia
| | - Arne Haaland
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QR, U.K., Department of Chemistry, The University of Edinburgh, West Mains Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3JJ, Scotland, U.K., Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, PO Box 1033 Blindern, N-0315 Oslo, Norway, and Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov Street 28, Moscow 117813, Russia
| | - Hans Peter Verne
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QR, U.K., Department of Chemistry, The University of Edinburgh, West Mains Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3JJ, Scotland, U.K., Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, PO Box 1033 Blindern, N-0315 Oslo, Norway, and Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov Street 28, Moscow 117813, Russia
| | - Hans Vidar Volden
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QR, U.K., Department of Chemistry, The University of Edinburgh, West Mains Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3JJ, Scotland, U.K., Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, PO Box 1033 Blindern, N-0315 Oslo, Norway, and Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov Street 28, Moscow 117813, Russia
| | - Tatjana V. Timofeeva
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QR, U.K., Department of Chemistry, The University of Edinburgh, West Mains Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3JJ, Scotland, U.K., Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, PO Box 1033 Blindern, N-0315 Oslo, Norway, and Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov Street 28, Moscow 117813, Russia
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Evans WJ, Clark RD, Ansari MA, Ziller JW. Bent vs Linear Metallocenes Involving C5Me5 vs C8H8 Ligands: Synthesis, Structure, and Reactivity of the Triple-Decked (C5Me5)(THF)xSm(C8H8)Sm(THF)x(C5Me5) (x = 0, 1) Complexes Including a Formal Two-Electron Oxidative Addition to a Single Lanthanide Metal Center1. J Am Chem Soc 1998. [DOI: 10.1021/ja980735s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- William J. Evans
- Contribution from the Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-2025
| | - Robert D. Clark
- Contribution from the Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-2025
| | - Mohammad A. Ansari
- Contribution from the Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-2025
| | - Joseph W. Ziller
- Contribution from the Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-2025
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Evans WJ, Broomhall-Dillard RN, Ziller JW. Comparison of divalent dimethoxyethane-solvated thulium and samarium diiodides in hexamethylphosphoramide and pyridine: Isolation of the cations { [TmI2 (HMPA) 4] [I] (pyridine) 5} and { [TmI (HMPA) 4 (pyridine) ] [I] 2} and a single crystal containing both linear and bent dimethoxyethane-solvated SmI2. Polyhedron 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s0277-5387(98)00117-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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48
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Structural preferences of ν4-dienecyclopentadienyl complexes: molecular mechanics, molecular orbital and crystallographic studies. Inorganica Chim Acta 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s0020-1693(97)06069-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Berthelot J, Luna A, Tortajada J. Gas-Phase Reactivity of (C5H5Mg)+ Complexes: An Experimental and Theoretical Study. J Phys Chem A 1998. [DOI: 10.1021/jp981562w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. Berthelot
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique Structurale, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, CNRS UMR 172, Boîte 45, 4 Place Jussieu, F-75252 Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - A. Luna
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique Structurale, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, CNRS UMR 172, Boîte 45, 4 Place Jussieu, F-75252 Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - J. Tortajada
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique Structurale, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, CNRS UMR 172, Boîte 45, 4 Place Jussieu, F-75252 Paris Cedex 05, France
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The conformational dynamics of dicarbonylcyclopentadienyl(2-oxopropyl)iron(II): An infrared and molecular mechanics study. J Organomet Chem 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-328x(98)00402-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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