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Kato T, Fujii A. Infrared Spectroscopy of (Benzene-H 2S-X n) +, X = H 2O ( n = 1 and 2) and CH 3OH ( n = 1), Radical Cation Clusters: Microsolvation Effects on the S-π Hemibond. J Phys Chem A 2023; 127:742-750. [PMID: 36636986 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.2c08324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
An unconventional covalent bond in which three electrons are shared by two centers is called hemibond. Hemibond formation frequently competes with proton transfer (or ionic hydrogen bond formation), but there have been a few experimental reports on such competition. In the present study, we focus on the (benzene-H2S)+ radical cation cluster, which is a model system of the S-π hemibond. The stability of the S-π hemibond to the microsolvation by water and methanol is explored with infrared spectroscopy of (benzene-H2S-Xn)+, X = H2O (n = 1 and 2) and CH3OH (n = 1), clusters. We also perform energy-optimization and vibrational simulations of (benzene-H2S-Xn)+. By comparison among the observed and simulated spectra, we determine the intermolecular binding motifs in (benzene-H2S-Xn)+. While the S-π hemibonded isomer is exclusively populated in (benzene-H2S-H2O)+, both the hemibonded and proton-transferred isomers coexist in [benzene-H2S-(H2O)2]+ and (benzene-H2S-CH3OH)+. Breaking of the S-π hemibond by the microsolvation is observed, and its solvent and cluster size dependence is interpreted by the proton affinity and the coordination property of the solvent moiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeru Kato
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Asuka Fujii
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University Sendai 980-8578, Japan
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2
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Abstract
The existence of a two-center, three-electron hemibond in the first solvation shell of •OH(aq) has long been a matter of debate. The hemibond manifests in ab initio molecular dynamics simulations as a small-r feature in the oxygen radial distribution function (RDF) for H2O···•OH, but that feature disappears when semilocal density functionals are replaced with hybrids, suggesting a self-interaction artifact. Using periodic simulations at the PBE0+D3 level, we demonstrate that the hemibond is actually still present (as evidenced by delocalization of the spin density) but is obscured by the hydrogen-bonded feature in the RDF due to a slight elongation of the hemibond. Computed electronic spectra for •OH(aq) are in excellent agreement with experiment and confirm that hemibond-like configurations play an outsized role in the spectroscopy due to an intense charge-transfer transition that is strongly attenuated in hydrogen-bonded configurations. Apparently, 25% exact exchange (as in PBE0) is insufficient to eliminate delocalization of unpaired spins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhaskar Rana
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - John M Herbert
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
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3
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Rana B, Herbert JM. Role of hemibonding in the structure and ultraviolet spectroscopy of the aqueous hydroxyl radical. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:27829-27844. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cp05216g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The presence of a two-center, three-electron hemibond in the solvation structure of the aqueous hydroxl radical has long been debated, as its appearance can be sensitive to self-interaction error in density functional theory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhaskar Rana
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry
- The Ohio State University
- Columbus
- USA
| | - John M. Herbert
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry
- The Ohio State University
- Columbus
- USA
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4
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Hattori K, Wang D, Fujii A. Influence of the microsolvation on hemibonded and protonated hydrogen sulfide: infrared spectroscopy of [(H 2S) n(X) 1] + and H +(H 2S) n(X) 1 (n = 1 and 2, X = water, methanol, and ethanol). Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:16064-16074. [PMID: 31259331 DOI: 10.1039/c9cp03159f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Changes of the excess charge accommodation motif in hemibonded and protonated hydrogen sulfide by microsolvation are studied by infrared spectroscopy of [(H2S)n(X)1]+ and H+(H2S)n(X)1 (n = 1 and 2, X = water, methanol, and ethanol) clusters. While the hemibond in the (H2S)2+ ion core is stable to the microhydration by a single water molecule, the hemibond is broken by the proton transfer with the microsolvation by a single methanol or ethanol molecule. Hetero hemibond formation between hydrogen sulfide and these solvent molecules is not observed. On the other hand, the excess proton in H+(H2S)n can be easily transferred to the solvent molecule, even though the proton affinity of the solvent molecule is lower than that of hydrogen sulfide. Implications of these results to the charge accommodation by sulfur under the biological conditions are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keigo Hattori
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan.
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Danovich D, Foroutan-Nejad C, Hiberty PC, Shaik S. Nature of the Three-Electron Bond. J Phys Chem A 2018; 122:1873-1885. [PMID: 29338261 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.7b11919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We analyze the properties of 15 3-electron bonds, which include σ-3-electron-bonds, such as dihalide radical anions and di-noble gas radical cations, π-3-electron-bonds as in hydrazine radical cations, and doubly-π-(3e)-bonded species such as O2, FeO+, S2, etc. The primary analytical tool is the breathing-orbital valence-bond (BOVB) method, which enables us to quantify the charge shift resonance energy (RECS) of the three electrons, and the bond dissociation energies (De). BOVB is tested reliable against MRCI calculations. Our findings show that in all 3-electron bonds, none of the VB structures have by themselves any bonding. In fact, in each VB structure, the three electrons maintain Pauli repulsion, while the entire bonding energy arises from resonance due to the charge shift between the two or more constituent VB structures. Hence, 3e-bonds are charge shift bonds (CSBs). The CSB character is probed by calculating the Laplacian (L) of the 3e-bond. Thus, much like the CSBs in electron-pair bonds, such as F2 or the central bond in [1.1.1]propellane, here too L is positive, thus showing the excess kinetic energy of the shared density due to the Pauli repulsion in the 3-electron VB structures. The RECS values for 3-electron bonds are invariably larger than the corresponding bond energies. For the doubly-π-(3e)-bonded species, RECS is very large, exceeding 100 kcal mol-1. As such, it is fitting to conclude that σ- and π-3-electron-bonds find their natural place in the CSB family along with two-electron CSBs, with which they share identical energetic and topological characteristics. Experimental manifestations/tests of 3e-CSBs are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Danovich
- Institute of Chemistry, Hebrew University of Jerusalem , 9190401 Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Cina Foroutan-Nejad
- CEITEC - Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University , Kamenice 5/A4, CZ-62500 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Philippe C Hiberty
- Laboratoire de Chimie Physique, UMR CNRS 8000, Groupe Théosim, Université de Paris-Sud , 91405 Orsay Cédex, France
| | - Sason Shaik
- Institute of Chemistry, Hebrew University of Jerusalem , 9190401 Jerusalem, Israel
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Wang D, Fujii A. Correction: Spectroscopic observation of two-center three-electron bonded (hemi-bonded) structures of (H 2S) n+ clusters in the gas phase. Chem Sci 2018; 9:3893-3894. [PMID: 30090293 PMCID: PMC6062416 DOI: 10.1039/c8sc90072h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Accepted: 03/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Correction for ‘Spectroscopic observation of two-center three-electron bonded (hemi-bonded) structures of (H2S)n+ clusters in the gas phase’ by Dandan Wang et al., Chem. Sci., 2017, 8, 2667–2670.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Wang
- Department of Chemistry
- Graduate School of Science
- Tohoku University
- Sendai 980-8578
- Japan
| | - Asuka Fujii
- Department of Chemistry
- Graduate School of Science
- Tohoku University
- Sendai 980-8578
- Japan
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Gleiter R, Haberhauer G. Electron-rich two-, three- and four-center bonds between chalcogens – New prospects for old molecules. Coord Chem Rev 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2017.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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8
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Lanzalunga O, Lapi A. Recent photo- and radiation chemical studies of sulfur radical cations. J Sulphur Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1080/17415993.2011.619536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Osvaldo Lanzalunga
- a Dipartimento di Chimica and IMC-CNR, Sezione Meccanismi di Reazione , Università “La Sapienza” , P.le A. Moro, 5 I-00185 , Rome , Italy
| | - Andrea Lapi
- a Dipartimento di Chimica and IMC-CNR, Sezione Meccanismi di Reazione , Università “La Sapienza” , P.le A. Moro, 5 I-00185 , Rome , Italy
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Asmus KD, Hug GL, Bobrowski K, Mulazzani QG, Marciniak B. Transients in the Oxidative and H-Atom-Induced Degradation of 1,3,5-Trithiane. Time-Resolved Studies in Aqueous Solution. J Phys Chem A 2006; 110:9292-300. [PMID: 16854046 DOI: 10.1021/jp061944z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The (*)OH-induced oxidation of 1,3,5-trithiacyclohexane (1) in aqueous solution was studied by means of pulse radiolysis with optical and conductivity detection. This oxidation leads, via a short-lived (*)OH radical adduct (<1 micros), to the radical cation 1(*+) showing a broad absorption with lambda(max) equal to 610 nm. A defined pathway of the decay of 1(*+) is proton elimination. It occurs with k = (2.2 +/- 0.2) x 10(4) s(-1) and yields the cyclic C-centered radical 1(-H)(*). The latter radical decays via ring opening (beta-scission) with an estimated rate constant of about 10(5) s(-1). A distinct, immediate product (formed with the same rate constant) is characterized by a narrow absorption band with lambda(max) = 310 nm and is attributed to the presence of a dithioester function. The formation of the 310 nm absorption can be suppressed in the presence of oxygen, the rationale for this being a reaction of the C-centered cyclic radical 1(-H)(*) with O(2). The disappearance of the 310 nm band (with a rate constant of 900 s(-1)) is associated with the hydrolysis of the dithioester functionality. A further aspect of this study deals with the reaction of H(*) atoms with 1 which yields a strongly absorbing, three-electron-bonded 2sigma/1sigma* radical cation [1(S therefore S)-H](+) (lambda(max) = 400 nm). Its formation is based on an addition of H(*) to one of the sulfur atoms, followed by beta-scission, intramolecular sulfur-sulfur coupling (constituting a ring contraction), and further stabilization of the S therefore S bond thus formed by protonation. [1(S therefore S)-H](+) decays with a first-order rate constant of about 10(4) s(-1). Its formation can be suppressed by the addition of oxygen which scavenges the H(*) atoms prior to their reaction with 1. Complementary time-resolved conductivity experiments have provided information on the quantification of the 1(*+) radical cation yield, the cationic longer-lived follow-up species, extinction coefficients, and kinetics concerning deprotonation processes as well as further reaction steps after hydrolysis of the transient dithioesters. The results are also discussed in the light of previous photochemical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph E. King
- Department of Chemistry, 179 New Chemistry Building, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849-5312
| | - Andreas J. Illies
- Department of Chemistry, 179 New Chemistry Building, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849-5312
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11
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Braïda B, Hiberty PC. A Simplified Gaussian-2 Scheme for Determining Electron Affinities of Covalent Bonds. Application to the Disulfide Bond RS−SR‘ (R, R‘ = H, CH3, C2H5). J Phys Chem A 2003. [DOI: 10.1021/jp0341624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Benoît Braïda
- Laboratoire de Chimie physique, Groupe de Chimie Théorique, Bat 490, Université de Paris-Sud, 91405 Orsay Cédex, France
| | - Philippe C. Hiberty
- Laboratoire de Chimie physique, Groupe de Chimie Théorique, Bat 490, Université de Paris-Sud, 91405 Orsay Cédex, France
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12
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Wakamiya A, Nishinaga T, Komatsu K. 1,2-dithiin annelated with bicyclo[2.2.2]octene frameworks. One-electron and two-electron oxidations and formation of a novel 2,3,5,6-tetrathiabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-7-ene radical cation with remarkable stability owing to a strong transannular interaction. J Am Chem Soc 2002; 124:15038-50. [PMID: 12475348 DOI: 10.1021/ja028297j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A stable derivative of 1,2-dithiin annelated with bicyclo[2.2.2]octene frameworks 4 was synthesized as red crystals by the reaction of a dilithiated dimer of bicyclo[2.2.2]octene with elemental sulfur in 59% yield. The cyclic voltammetry of 4 in CH(2)Cl(2) at -78 degrees C showed two reversible oxidation waves at E(1/2) +0.18 V and +0.72 V versus Fc/Fc(+), indicating that the radical cation and dication of 4 are stable under these conditions. Upon chemical one-electron oxidation of 4 in a rather low concentration (4.0 x 10(-4) M) with a 1.5 equiv of SbCl(5) in CH(2)Cl(2), a radical cation 4.+ was formed, whose spin distribution was determined by ESR spectroscopy and by the results of theoretical calculations (UB3LYP/6-31G). The electronic absorption spectrum of 4.+ in CH(2)Cl(2) exhibited a maximum absorption at 428 nm (epsilon = 2.3 x 10(3)), which was hypsochromically shifted from that of neutral 4 (469 nm). When the radical cation 4.+ was produced in higher concentration (0.06 M) in CH(2)Cl(2), a disproportionation was found to take place to give a SbCl(6)(-) salt of remarkably stable radical cation 5.+ having a novel 2,3,5,6-tetrathiabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-7-ene structure. In the X-ray structure of 5.+SbCl(6)(-), the transannular distance (2.794(3) A) between the sulfur atoms was found to be less than the sum of the van der Waals radii of a sulfur atom (3.70 A), suggesting the existence of a bonding interaction between the two disulfide linkages. The theoretical calculations (UB3LYP/6-31G) suggested that this transannular interaction could be described as the resonance between the limiting structures, each of them having a two-center three-electron bond between two sulfur atoms belonging to two different disulfide linkages: thus, both the spin and positive charge are equally delocalized to the four sulfur atoms, causing a great stabilization of 5.+. On the other hand, the 1,2-dithiin radical cation 4.+ was found to readily react with triplet oxygen with subsequent rearrangement to give the 1,2-dithiolium derivative 6+ having a carboxyl group. Finally, the reaction of 4 with an excess amount of SbF(5) gave the corresponding dication 4(2+), which was found to be a 6pi aromatic system on the basis of the results of NMR measurement and theoretical calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Wakamiya
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
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13
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King JE, Illies AJ. Experimental Investigation of Gas Phase Ions of the Form [c-CnH2nS∴ICH3]+ where n = 2, 3, 4, and 5. Metastable and Collision-Induced Dissociation Results. J Phys Chem A 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/jp0218342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joseph E. King
- Department of Chemistry, 179 New Chemistry Building, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849-5312
| | - Andreas J. Illies
- Department of Chemistry, 179 New Chemistry Building, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849-5312
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14
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Braïda B, Hazebroucq S, Hiberty PC. Methyl substituent effects in [H(n)X...XH(n)](+) three-electron-bonded radical cations (X = F, O, N, Cl, S, P; n = 1 - 3). An ab initio theoretical study. J Am Chem Soc 2002; 124:2371-8. [PMID: 11878994 DOI: 10.1021/ja0165887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The effects of methyl substitution on the geometries and bonding energies of a systematic series of three-electron-bonded radical cations of the type [H(n)X...XH(n)](+), covering all possible symmetrical three-electron bonds that may take place between atoms of the second and third rows of the periodic table, have been investigated at the level of Møller-Plesset perturbation theory. Methyl substitution leads to significant weakening and lengthening of the X...X bond when X is a second-row atom. The effects increase with the number of substitutions and are more and more important in the series X = N, O, F. By contrast, methyl substitution leaves the bonding energies between third-row atoms practically unchanged but leads to a surprising bond shortening in the S...S and P...P cases. These seemingly contradictory effects are rationalized through a qualitative analysis based on an elementary molecular orbital description of three-electron bonding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benoît Braïda
- Laboratoire de Chimie-Physique, Groupe de Chimie Théorique, Université de Paris-Sud, 91405 Orsay Cedex, France
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Abstract
Using high-level ab initio MO methods, we have identified two reaction pathways with different thermodynamic and kinetic properties for the thermal decomposition of the three-membered heterocycle thiirane (C2H4S) and related derivatives. A homolytic ring opening, followed by attack of the generated diradical on another thiirane molecule, and subsequent elimination of ethene in a fast radical chain reaction results in the formation of disulfur molecules in their triplet ground state (3S2) and requires activation enthalpies of deltaH#(298) = 222 kJ mol(-1) and deltaG#(298) = 212 kJ mol(-1). This reaction mechanism would result in a first-order rate law in agreement with one reported gas-phase experiment but does neither match the experimental activation energy nor does it explain the observed retention of the stereochemical configuration in the thermal decomposition of certain substituted thiiranes. Alternatively, sulfur atoms can be transferred from one thiirane moleculeto another with the intermediate formation of thiirane 1-sulfide (C2H4S2). This molecule can either decompose unimolecularly to ethene and disulfur in its excited singlet state (1S2) or, by means of spin crossover, S2 in its triplet ground state may be formed. On the other hand, the thiirane 1-sulfide may react with itself and transfer one sulfur atom from one molecule to another with formation of thiirane 1,1-disulfide (C2H4S3), which is an analogue of thiirane sulfone; thiirane is formed as the second product. The 1,1-disulfide may then decompose to ethene and S3. In still another bimolecular reaction, the thiirane 1-sulfide may react with itself in a strongly exothermic reaction to give S4 and two equivalents of ethene. This series of reactions results in a second-order rate law and requires activation enthalpies of deltaH#(298) = 109 kJ mol(-1) and deltaG#(298) = 144 kJ mol(-1) for the formation of thiirane 1-sulfide, while the consecutive reactions require less activation enthalpy. Elemental sulfur (S8) is eventually formed by oligomerization of either S2, S3, or S4 in spin-allowed reactions. These findings are in agreement with most experimental data on the thermal desulfurization of thiirane and its substituted derivatives. Thiirane 1-persulfide (C2H4S3) with a linear arrangement of the three sulfur atoms as well as zwitterions and radicals derived from thiirane are not likely to be intermediates in the thermal decomposition of episulfides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yana Steudel
- Institut für Chemie, Technische Universität Berlin, Germany.
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Braı̈da B, Lauvergnat D, Hiberty PC. Symmetry-breaking and near-symmetry-breaking in three-electron-bonded radical cations. J Chem Phys 2001. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1373427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
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17
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Asmus KD. Heteroatom-centered free radicals some selected contributions by radiation chemistry. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-6881(01)80016-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
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Kishore K, Anklam E, Aced A, Asmus KD. Formation of Intramolecular Three-Electron-Bonded 2σ/1σ* Radical Cations upon Reduction of Dialkylsulfinyl Sulfides by H-Atoms. J Phys Chem A 2000. [DOI: 10.1021/jp0018706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kamal Kishore
- Applied Chemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400 085, India; Commission for European Communities, Joint Research Centre Ispra, Environment Institute, I-21020 Ispra, Italy; Iris Technologies L.L.C., 3008 Oxford Rd., Lawrence, Kansas 66049; and Radiation Laboratory and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556
| | - Elke Anklam
- Applied Chemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400 085, India; Commission for European Communities, Joint Research Centre Ispra, Environment Institute, I-21020 Ispra, Italy; Iris Technologies L.L.C., 3008 Oxford Rd., Lawrence, Kansas 66049; and Radiation Laboratory and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556
| | - Ahmed Aced
- Applied Chemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400 085, India; Commission for European Communities, Joint Research Centre Ispra, Environment Institute, I-21020 Ispra, Italy; Iris Technologies L.L.C., 3008 Oxford Rd., Lawrence, Kansas 66049; and Radiation Laboratory and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556
| | - Klaus-Dieter Asmus
- Applied Chemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400 085, India; Commission for European Communities, Joint Research Centre Ispra, Environment Institute, I-21020 Ispra, Italy; Iris Technologies L.L.C., 3008 Oxford Rd., Lawrence, Kansas 66049; and Radiation Laboratory and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556
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Chiu SW, Lau KC, Li WK. Structures, Energetics, and Reactions of [C2H3S] Radicals and [C2H3S]+ Ions: A Gaussian-2 ab Initio Study. J Phys Chem A 2000. [DOI: 10.1021/jp9941054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S.-W. Chiu
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology and Beckman Institute for Advanced Studies, University of Illinois, 405 N. Mathews, Urbana, Illinois 61801
| | - Kai-Chung Lau
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong
| | - Wai-Kee Li
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong
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20
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Nichols LS, Illies AJ. A Study of Adducts Involving Dimethyl Sulfide Radical Cations and Methyl Halides: Experiment, Density Functional Theory, and Unimolecular Kinetic Modeling. 2c−3e Bonding vs Hydrogen Bonding. J Am Chem Soc 1999. [DOI: 10.1021/ja991246a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Linda S. Nichols
- Contribution from the Department of Chemistry, Auburn University, Alabama 36849-5312
| | - Andreas J. Illies
- Contribution from the Department of Chemistry, Auburn University, Alabama 36849-5312
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Lakkaraju PS, Shen K, Roth HD, García H. Extended Diaryl Diselenide Radical Cations in Pentasil Zeolite Studied by EPR and Diffuse Reflectance Optical Spectroscopy. J Phys Chem A 1999. [DOI: 10.1021/jp991571k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Prasad S. Lakkaraju
- Department of Chemistry, Georgian Court College, Lakewood, New Jersey 08701, Department of Chemistry, Rutgers University, Wright−Rieman Laboratories, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08854-8087, and Instituto de Tecnología Química CSIC-UPV, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Apartado 22012, 46071 Valencia, Spain
| | - Kui Shen
- Department of Chemistry, Georgian Court College, Lakewood, New Jersey 08701, Department of Chemistry, Rutgers University, Wright−Rieman Laboratories, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08854-8087, and Instituto de Tecnología Química CSIC-UPV, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Apartado 22012, 46071 Valencia, Spain
| | - Heinz D. Roth
- Department of Chemistry, Georgian Court College, Lakewood, New Jersey 08701, Department of Chemistry, Rutgers University, Wright−Rieman Laboratories, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08854-8087, and Instituto de Tecnología Química CSIC-UPV, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Apartado 22012, 46071 Valencia, Spain
| | - Hermenegildo García
- Department of Chemistry, Georgian Court College, Lakewood, New Jersey 08701, Department of Chemistry, Rutgers University, Wright−Rieman Laboratories, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08854-8087, and Instituto de Tecnología Química CSIC-UPV, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Apartado 22012, 46071 Valencia, Spain
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Illies AJ. An Experimental Study of the Gas-Phase Bond Energies and Structures of [c-C4H8S∴c-SC4H8]+, [c-C5H10S∴c-SC4H8]+, and [c-C5H10S∴c-SC5H10]+ and of Reactions of [c-C4H8S]+ and [c-C5H10S]+. J Phys Chem A 1998. [DOI: 10.1021/jp982197b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Gauduel Y, Marignier JL, Belloni J, Gelabert H. Ultrafast Formation of a Three-Electron-Bonded Radical Anion (CH3S∴SCH3-) in a Liquid Organic Sulfur Compound. J Phys Chem A 1997. [DOI: 10.1021/jp9720754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Y. Gauduel
- Laboratoire d'Optique Appliquée, CNRS URA 1406, INSERM U451, Ecole Polytechnique−ENSTA, 91761 Palaiseau Cedex, France, and Laboratoire de Physico-Chimie des Rayonnements, CNRS URA 75, Université Paris XI, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - J. L. Marignier
- Laboratoire d'Optique Appliquée, CNRS URA 1406, INSERM U451, Ecole Polytechnique−ENSTA, 91761 Palaiseau Cedex, France, and Laboratoire de Physico-Chimie des Rayonnements, CNRS URA 75, Université Paris XI, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - J. Belloni
- Laboratoire d'Optique Appliquée, CNRS URA 1406, INSERM U451, Ecole Polytechnique−ENSTA, 91761 Palaiseau Cedex, France, and Laboratoire de Physico-Chimie des Rayonnements, CNRS URA 75, Université Paris XI, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - H. Gelabert
- Laboratoire d'Optique Appliquée, CNRS URA 1406, INSERM U451, Ecole Polytechnique−ENSTA, 91761 Palaiseau Cedex, France, and Laboratoire de Physico-Chimie des Rayonnements, CNRS URA 75, Université Paris XI, 91405 Orsay, France
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Bond dissociation energy of the radical cation dimers of diethyl sulfide, di-n-propyl sulfide and di-n-butyl sulfide. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1996. [DOI: 10.1016/s0168-1176(96)04460-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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James MA, Illies AJ. Studies of Two-Center Three-Electron S∴S Bonds in [n-Pr2S∴Sn-Pr2]+ and [i-Pr2S∴Si-Pr2]+: Thermochemistry of Adduct Formation and MS/MS Metastable and Collision-Induced Dissociation Spectra of the Adducts. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1996. [DOI: 10.1021/jp9612487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mary A. James
- Department of Chemistry, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849-5312
| | - Andreas J. Illies
- Department of Chemistry, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849-5312
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Chaudhri SA, Mohan H, Anklam E, Asmus KD. Three-electron bonded σ/σ* radical cations from mixedly substituted dialkyl sulfides in aqueous solution studied by pulse radiolysis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1996. [DOI: 10.1039/p29960000383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Maity D, Mohan H. Inter- and intra-molecular two-centre three-electron bonding in radical cations of alkyl bromides. Chem Phys Lett 1994. [DOI: 10.1016/0009-2614(94)01172-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Ying D, Ekern S, Illies A. Reinvestigation of the experimental N2O+N2O cluster binding energy. Chem Phys Lett 1991. [DOI: 10.1016/0009-2614(91)90420-e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Harcourt RD. Aspects of hypercoordination and one-electron delocalizations via increased-valence structures. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1991. [DOI: 10.1016/0166-1280(91)90137-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Janssen RA, Aagaard OM, van der Woerd MJ, Buck HM. The nature of three-electron P ⨪ S bonds studied by ESR. Chem Phys Lett 1990. [DOI: 10.1016/0009-2614(90)80062-i] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Drewello T, Lebrilla CB, Asmus KD, Schwarz H. Dithia-Dikationen aus cyclischen und acyclischen Vorläufern durch Gasphasenoxidation („charge stripping”) von 3e/2c-Radikalkationen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 1989. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.19891010911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Bonchio M, Conte V, Furia F, Modena G, Padovani C, Sivak M. Evidence of a S N -2-set continuum in the oxidation of organic sulfides by peroxovanadium complexes. RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES 1989. [DOI: 10.1163/156856789x00078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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