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Xu C, Gu FL, Zhu C. An excited-state Wolff rearrangement reaction of 5-diazo Meldrum's acid: an ab initio on-the-fly nonadiabatic dynamics simulation. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:22681-22688. [PMID: 30137106 DOI: 10.1039/c8cp04164d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A global switching on-the-fly trajectory surface hopping dynamics simulation at the 3SA-CASSCF(12,11)/6-31G* quantum level has been employed to probe the photo-induced Wolff rearrangement (WR) reaction of 5-diazo Meldrum's acid (DMA) within three low-lying electronic excited states. The present simulation predicted that the branching ratios for relaxing back to the ground state, isomerizing to diazirine, and reaction to ketene I via carbene I are 69% ± 0.1, 3% ± 0.4, and 28% ± 0.1, which are in excellent agreement with those obtained by the femtosecond spectroscopy experiment, 67%, 3% and 30%, respectively. In particular, the present simulation revealed that the major WR reaction to ketene I pathway is stepwise via the excited-state to carbene I (17.8% ± 0.2) and via the ground-state to carbene I (8.7% ± 0.2), and the minor pathway is concerted synchronous (1.5% ± 0.6). The photo-induced WR reaction of DMA has been quantitatively interpreted in terms of the distribution of extended seam surfaces as a function of CN dissociation bonds for two important conical intersections within three low-lying electronic excited states. Ultrafast dynamic time constants have been estimated to be about 500 fs ± 120 fs and 180 fs ± 80 fs for the stepwise and the concerted WR reaction to ketene I which are also in good agreement with those determined by the experiment. Therefore, the photo-induced excited-state WR reaction mechanism has been quantitatively revealed by the present real-time dynamics simulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Xu
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry & Environment of South China Normal University, Guangzhou 51006, P. R. China.
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Zhou X, Wu J, Hao Y, Zhu C, Zhuo Q, Xia H, Zhu J. Rational Design and Synthesis of Unsaturated Se-Containing Osmacycles with σ-Aromaticity. Chemistry 2017; 24:2389-2395. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201703870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials ( i ChEM), and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry, and Chemical Engineering; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361005 P.R. China
| | - Jingjing Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials ( i ChEM), and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry, and Chemical Engineering; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361005 P.R. China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical, and Computational Chemistry; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361005 P.R. China
| | - Yulei Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials ( i ChEM), and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry, and Chemical Engineering; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361005 P.R. China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical, and Computational Chemistry; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361005 P.R. China
| | - Congqing Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials ( i ChEM), and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry, and Chemical Engineering; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361005 P.R. China
| | - Qingde Zhuo
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials ( i ChEM), and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry, and Chemical Engineering; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361005 P.R. China
| | - Haiping Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials ( i ChEM), and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry, and Chemical Engineering; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361005 P.R. China
| | - Jun Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials ( i ChEM), and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry, and Chemical Engineering; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361005 P.R. China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical, and Computational Chemistry; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361005 P.R. China
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Anusha C, De S, Parameswaran P. Ring contraction of metallabenzooxirene to metal carbonyl complexes - a comparative study with the Wolff rearrangement of oxirene and benzooxirene. Dalton Trans 2017; 46:13974-13982. [PMID: 28975166 DOI: 10.1039/c7dt02911j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A detailed quantum mechanical study on the role of transition metal fragments towards the epoxidation reaction of metallabenzynes (1M, M = Fe, Ru, Os) to give metallabenzyne epoxide or metallabenzooxirene (2M), followed by the Wolff type 1,2-rearrangement to give metal carbonyls (4M), has been carried out at the M06/def2-TZVPP//BP86/def2-SVP level of theory. The epoxide or oxirene product (2A) of linear alkynes like acetylene is unstable and converts to a ketene (4A) by highly exothermic (-78.7 kcal mol-1) Wolff rearrangement via an oxocarbene (3A) intermediate. The epoxide product of cyclic alkynes like benzyne (2C) is comparatively more stable than benzooxocarbene (3C), yet it undergoes rearrangement to cyclopentadienylketene (4C) through Wolff type ring contraction reactions (-65.3 kcal mol-1). The replacement of one of the carbyne carbons in benzyne by 14 VE metal fragment M(PH3)2Cl2, M = Fe, Ru and Os enhances the stability of the 18 VE metallabenzyne epoxide product (2M, -88.1 kcal mol-1 for 2Fe, -87.2 kcal mol-1 for 2Ru and -82.8 kcal mol-1 for 2Os) as compared to the 16 VE metallacyclohexadienone (3M). The ring contracted 18 VE product of 2M is a carbonyl bridged metallacyclopentadienyl complex (4M, M = Fe, Ru and Os). Even though this interconversion is thermodynamically favourable, it involves a high-energy barrier (19.3, 28.1 and 27.9 kcal mol-1 for 2Fe, 2Ru and 2Os, respectively). However, the hepta-coordinated (5M) terminal metallacyclopentadienyl carbonyl analogues of ketene (4A/4C) are not minima on the potential energy surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chakkittakandiyil Anusha
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Calicut, Kozhikode, Kerala 673 601, India.
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4
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Cui G, Thiel W. Photoinduced Ultrafast Wolff Rearrangement: A Non-Adiabatic Dynamics Perspective. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201207628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Cui G, Thiel W. Photoinduced ultrafast Wolff rearrangement: a non-adiabatic dynamics perspective. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012; 52:433-6. [PMID: 23212961 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201207628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2012] [Revised: 11/01/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
One reaction, two routes: full-dimensional non-adiabatic dynamics simulations shed light on the ultrafast photoinduced Wolff rearrangement in an α-diazocarbonyl compound. The trajectories show both concerted asynchronous and stepwise processes leading to the corresponding ketene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ganglong Cui
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
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Bendig J, Mitzner R. Laser photolysis of naphthoquinone diazide in cyclohexane - two-laser chemistry. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/bbpc.19940980803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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7
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Li Q, Migani A, Blancafort L. MS-CASPT2 Assignment of the UV/Vis Absorption Spectrum of Diazoquinones Undergoing the Photoinduced Wolff Rearrangement. J Phys Chem A 2009; 113:9413-7. [DOI: 10.1021/jp904853c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Quansong Li
- Institut de Química Computacional, Departament de Química, Universitat de Girona, Girona, Spain 17071, Departament de Química Física, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain 08028
| | - Annapaola Migani
- Institut de Química Computacional, Departament de Química, Universitat de Girona, Girona, Spain 17071, Departament de Química Física, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain 08028
| | - Lluís Blancafort
- Institut de Química Computacional, Departament de Química, Universitat de Girona, Girona, Spain 17071, Departament de Química Física, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain 08028
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Wolpert D, Schade M, Brixner T. Femtosecond midinfrared study of the photoinduced Wolff rearrangement of diazonaphthoquinone. J Chem Phys 2009; 129:094504. [PMID: 19044874 DOI: 10.1063/1.2971037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Time-resolved vibrational femtosecond spectroscopy is employed to investigate the photoinduced Wolff rearrangement reaction of diazonaphthoquinone (DNQ) dissolved in different solvents (methanol and water). DNQ is an important compound in commercial Novolak photoresists. Upon photoexcitation the ketene intermediate appears within 300 fs, indicating that the ketene is formed in a very fast concerted process involving N(2) loss and rearrangement. The strong shift of the vibrational band, assigned to the ketene by density functional theory calculations and experimental infrared spectra, toward higher wavenumbers is attributed to vibrational cooling. The relaxation time depends on the solvent (10 ps in methanol and 3 ps in water). However, the spectroscopic data show that the indirect ketene formation via a carbene intermediate might also be involved in the reaction process contributing to the ketene formation on the 10 ps time scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Wolpert
- Physikalisches Institut, Universitat Wurzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Wurzburg, Germany
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Wistuba T, Limberg C. Oxygen Transfer from Chromyl Chloride to Alkynes and Allene – IR-Spectroscopic Identification of η1-Ketene and Cyclopropanone Complexes of O=CrCl2. Eur J Inorg Chem 1999. [DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1099-0682(199908)1999:8<1335::aid-ejic1335>3.0.co;2-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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10
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Zhu Z, Bally T, Stracener LL, McMahon RJ. Reversible Interconversion between Singlet and Triplet 2-Naphthyl(carbomethoxy)carbene. J Am Chem Soc 1999. [DOI: 10.1021/ja983277w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhendong Zhu
- Contribution from the Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Fribourg, Pérolles, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland, and Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706-1396
| | - Thomas Bally
- Contribution from the Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Fribourg, Pérolles, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland, and Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706-1396
| | - Louise L. Stracener
- Contribution from the Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Fribourg, Pérolles, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland, and Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706-1396
| | - Robert J. McMahon
- Contribution from the Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Fribourg, Pérolles, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland, and Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706-1396
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer C. Ma
- Arnold and Mabel Beckman Laboratories of Chemical Synthesis, Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125
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Enriquez F, López-Herrera FJ, Quirante JJ, Sarabia F. AM1 study of Wolff and 1,2-hydrogen shift rearrangements of β-oxy-α-Diazo carbonyl compounds. Theor Chem Acc 1996. [DOI: 10.1007/bf00190152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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13
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Lippert T, Koskelo A, Stoutland PO. Direct Observation of a Photoinduced Wolff Rearrangement in PMMA Using Ultrafast Infrared Spectroscopy. J Am Chem Soc 1996. [DOI: 10.1021/ja9536429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Lippert
- Division of Chemical Science and Technology Mail Stop J-567, Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545
| | - Aaron Koskelo
- Division of Chemical Science and Technology Mail Stop J-567, Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545
| | - Page O. Stoutland
- Division of Chemical Science and Technology Mail Stop J-567, Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545
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14
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Lucas NCD, Andraos J, Netto-Ferreira J, Scaiano J. Laser flash photolysis study of the reactivity of α-ketenylbenzocyclobutenone with water and alcohols. Tetrahedron Lett 1995. [DOI: 10.1016/0040-4039(94)02350-k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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15
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Oishi S, Watanabe Y, Kuriyama Y. Photodecomposition Mechanism of o-Diazonaphthoquinones Studied by Laser Flash Photolysis with Infrared Detection. CHEM LETT 1994. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.1994.2187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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16
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Maier G, Schmidt C, Reisenauer HP, Endlein E, Becker D, Eckwert J, Andes Jr. BH, Schaad LJ. Blausäure-N-methylid: Darstellung, spektroskopische Eigenschaften und seine Beziehung zu anderen C2H3N-Isomeren. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1993. [DOI: 10.1002/cber.19931261024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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17
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Urwyler B, Wirz J. Das Tautomeriegleichgewicht zwischen Cyclopentadienyl-1-carbonsäure und Fulven-6,6-diol in wäßriger Lösung. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 1990. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.19901020715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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18
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Vollenbroek FA, Nijssen WPM, Mutsaers CMJ, Geomini MJHJ, Reuhman ME, Visser RJ. The chemistry of g-line photoresist processes. POLYM ENG SCI 1989. [DOI: 10.1002/pen.760291409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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