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Ramos-Enríquez MA, Medina-Campos ON, Pedraza-Chaverri J, Flores-Álamo M, Iglesias-Arteaga MA. An unexpected acid-catalyzed rearrangement of diacetoxy benzylidenespirostanes to spirochromene acetals and spiroindenes with radical scavenger activity. Steroids 2022; 188:109110. [PMID: 36100111 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2022.109110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
23E-diacetoxybenzylidenespirostanes underwent rearrangement when treated with HCl in CH2Cl2/CH3OH. The course of the rearrangement depends on the substitution pattern in the phenyl ring. While compounds bearing an acetoxy group at the ortho position produced spirochromenes, the partners with no substituent at the ortho position led to spiroindenes. All the rearranged compounds exhibited moderate antioxidant activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel A Ramos-Enríquez
- Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510 México, D.F., México
| | - Omar N Medina-Campos
- Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510 México, D.F., México
| | - José Pedraza-Chaverri
- Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510 México, D.F., México
| | - Marcos Flores-Álamo
- Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510 México, D.F., México
| | - Martín A Iglesias-Arteaga
- Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510 México, D.F., México.
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2
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Serrano-Vázquez HA, Flores-Alamo M, Iglesias-Arteaga MA. Synthesis of 23E-ethylidene spirostanes via the BF3·Et2O-catalyzed aldol condensation of steroid sapogenins and acetaldehyde. Tetrahedron Lett 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2020.151918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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3
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Wang Y, Shi Y, Tian WS, Tang P, Zhuang C, Chen FE. Stereoselective Synthesis of (-)-Verazine and Congeners via a Cascade Ring-Switching Process of Furostan-26-acid. Org Lett 2020; 22:2761-2765. [PMID: 32202118 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c00747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
An efficient synthetic strategy for three natural seco-type cholestane alkaloids isolated from the Veratrum plants, based on commercially available naturally occurring and abundant (-)-diosgenin (1), as exemplified in the concise asymmetric synthesis of (-)-verazine (4), (-)-veramiline (5) (proposed structure), and its 22-epimer, (-)-oblonginine (6), is presented. This work highlights the application of a cascade ring-switching process of (-)-diosgenin to achieve the E-ring opening and construction of chiral six-membered lactone challenges in seco-type cholestane alkaloid synthesis. This approach enables the synthesis of related natural and nature-like novel cholestane alkaloids, opening up opportunities for more extensive exploration of cholestane alkaloid biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Wang
- Engineering Center of Catalysis and Synthesis for Chiral Molecules, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.,Shanghai Engineering Center of Industrial Asymmetric Catalysis for Chiral Drugs, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yong Shi
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Wei-Sheng Tian
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Pei Tang
- West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Chunlin Zhuang
- Engineering Center of Catalysis and Synthesis for Chiral Molecules, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.,Shanghai Engineering Center of Industrial Asymmetric Catalysis for Chiral Drugs, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Fen-Er Chen
- Engineering Center of Catalysis and Synthesis for Chiral Molecules, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.,Shanghai Engineering Center of Industrial Asymmetric Catalysis for Chiral Drugs, Shanghai 200433, China.,West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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4
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Ramos-Enríquez MA, Flores-Álamo M, Iglesias-Arteaga MA. Studies on the reactivity of 23E-benzylidene spirostanes. Steroids 2019; 151:108462. [PMID: 31344407 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2019.108462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Revised: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
A study of the reactivity of 25R and 25S 23E-benzylidene spirostanes that includes epoxidation, catalytic hydrogenation as well as Lewis or Brønsted acid-catalyzed rearrangements is described. Exhaustive NMR characterization of the obtained compounds is presented. Additionally the structures of some of the obtained compounds were confirmed by single crystal X-Ray Diffraction studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel A Ramos-Enríquez
- Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510 México, DF, Mexico
| | - Marcos Flores-Álamo
- Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510 México, DF, Mexico
| | - Martín A Iglesias-Arteaga
- Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510 México, DF, Mexico.
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5
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Vargas-Romero K, Alberto O, Flores-Álamo M, Iglesias-Arteaga MA. Baeyer-Villiger reaction of steroid sapogenins by CF 3COOH-H 2O 2. A short cut to pregnan-3β,16β,20-triol 3-monoacetates. Steroids 2017; 128:1-5. [PMID: 29024671 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2017.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2017] [Revised: 09/29/2017] [Accepted: 10/05/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Treatment of steroid sapogenins with H2O2 in CF3COOH for 15min followed by reflux in CH3OH/H2O afforded good yields of pregnan-3β,16β,20-triol 3-monoacetates. When the hydrolysis step was carried out with KOH in refluxing methanol excellent yields pregnantriols were obtained. The resulting compounds were characterized by their melting points and NMR spectral data. An X-ray diffraction analysis of compound 3a confirmed the proposed structure and provided detailed information about the bond lengths, bond angles and conformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine Vargas-Romero
- Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510 México D.F., Mexico
| | - Oscar Alberto
- Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510 México D.F., Mexico
| | - Marcos Flores-Álamo
- Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510 México D.F., Mexico
| | - Martín A Iglesias-Arteaga
- Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510 México D.F., Mexico.
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6
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Ramos Enríquez MA, Flores-Álamo M, Iglesias-Arteaga MA. An unexpected BF3·Et2O-catalyzed rearrangement of 23E-benzylidenespirostanes to spiro[furan-indenes]. Tetrahedron Lett 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2016.04.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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7
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Ramos-Enríquez MA, Iglesias-Arteaga MA. Synthesis of novel steroids bearing a spirochromene side chain by BF3·Et2O catalyzed aldol condensation of spirostane sapogenins and salicylaldehyde. Tetrahedron Lett 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2014.04.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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8
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Rincón S, Yépez R, Ochoa ME, López Y, Santillan R, Farfán N. (25R)-16β-Acet-oxy-3β-bromo-23',26-ep-oxy-23',25-dimethyl-5α-cholest-23,23'-en-6-one dichloro-methane monosolvate. Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online 2012; 68:o3260-o3261. [PMID: 23468778 PMCID: PMC3588813 DOI: 10.1107/s1600536812043590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2012] [Accepted: 10/21/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The crystal structure of the title compound, C31H45BrO5·CH2Cl2, prepared in six steps from diosgenin, confirmed that the configurations of the stereogenic centers, positions 20S and 25R, remain unchanged during the reaction. The six-membered A, B and C rings have chair conformations. The five-membered ring D has an envelope conformation (with the methyl-substituted C atom fused to ring C as the flap) and the six-membered dihydro-pyran ring E adopts a twist-boat conformation. In the crystal, mol-ecules are linked via C-H⋯O and C-H⋯Cl hydrogen bonds, the latter involving the dichloro-methane solvent mol-ecule, forming a three-dimensional supra-molecular network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana Rincón
- División de Posgrado, Instituto Tecnológico de Mérida, Avenida Tecnológico, Km 4.5 S/N C.P. 97118, Mérida Yucatán, Mexico
| | - Rebeca Yépez
- Departamento de Química, CINVESTAV–IPN, Apdo. Postal 14-740, 07000 México, D.F., Mexico
| | - M. Eugenia Ochoa
- Departamento de Química, CINVESTAV–IPN, Apdo. Postal 14-740, 07000 México, D.F., Mexico
| | - Yliana López
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químico-Biológicas, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Morelia, Michoacán, C.P. 58000, Mexico
| | - Rosa Santillan
- Departamento de Química, CINVESTAV–IPN, Apdo. Postal 14-740, 07000 México, D.F., Mexico
| | - Norberto Farfán
- Facultad de Química, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México D.F., 04510, Mexico
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9
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Ruíz-Pérez KM, Romero-Ávila M, Tinajero-Delgado V, Flores-Álamo M, Iglesias-Arteaga MA. BF₃·Et₂O-induced stereoselective aldol reaction with benzaldehyde, and steroid sapogenins and its application to a convenient synthesis of dinorcholanic lactones. Steroids 2012; 77:819-28. [PMID: 22449388 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2012.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2011] [Revised: 02/21/2012] [Accepted: 02/22/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Treatment of steroid sapogenins with benzaldehyde and BF(3)·Et(2)O cleanly produces E-23(23')-benzylidenspirostanes in good yields in a reaction pathway which consists on an aldol reaction followed by a dehydration step. The obtained E-23(23')-benzylidenspirostanes can be easily converted to dinorcholanic lactones by treatment with CrO(3) in acetic acid. The synthetic sequence to dinorcholanic lactones is compatible with the presence of double bonds and carbonyl groups in the steroid framework.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen M Ruíz-Pérez
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510 Mexico, DF, Mexico
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10
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Macías-Alonso M, Flores-Álamo M, Iglesias-Arteaga MA. On the reactivity of 23-methoxycarbonyl furospirostanes. Steroids 2011; 76:1021-31. [PMID: 21515298 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2011.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2011] [Revised: 03/31/2011] [Accepted: 04/01/2011] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Brønsted and Lewis acid-catalysed reactions of the 23-methoxycarbonyl furospirostanic side chain are described. While bromination, deuteration and BF(3)·Et(2)O/AcOH treatment involve regioselective F-ring opening with exclusive participation of Δ(22)-furostenic intermediates, BF(3)·Et(2)O/Ac(2)O treatment leads to irreversible E- or F-ring cleavage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Macías-Alonso
- Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510 Mexico, DF, Mexico
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11
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Macías-Alonso M, Flores-Alamo M, Iglesias-Arteaga MA. Beckmann reactions of steroidal spirocyclic oximes derived from the 16beta,23:23,26-diepoxy-22-oxo moiety. Steroids 2009; 74:112-20. [PMID: 18996137 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2008.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2008] [Revised: 09/20/2008] [Accepted: 09/26/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The Beckmann rearrangement of the syn and anti isomers of the spirocyclic oxime derived from a 16beta,23:23,26-diepoxy-5beta-cholestan-22-one was studied. Whereas the anti isomer always follows the Beckmann fragmentation course, the syn isomer, depending on the reaction conditions, follows the normal Beckmann rearrangement course and/or the isomerization to the anti isomer followed by the fragmentation course.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Macías-Alonso
- Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510 México D.F., Mexico
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12
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Vázquez-Ramírez I, Macías-Alonso M, Arcos-Ramos RO, Ruíz-Pérez KM, Solano-Ramírez DO, Iglesias Arteaga MA. 1H and 13C NMR characteristics of synthetic derivatives of steroid sapogenins. Part III. 16Beta,23:23,26-diepoxy side chains. Steroids 2008; 73:642-51. [PMID: 18353410 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2008.01.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2007] [Revised: 01/22/2008] [Accepted: 01/28/2008] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The full assignments of the (1)H and (13)C NMR signals of steroids bearing the 16beta,23:23,26-diepoxy side chain are provided. Differentiation of the diasterotopic H-26 pair was achieved with the aid of NOESY experiments. The main substituent and steric effects associated with this moiety and their influence on the chemical shifts of the neighboring atoms are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ignacio Vázquez-Ramírez
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510 México, D.F., Mexico
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13
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Affiliation(s)
- Ernst‐Joachim Brunke
- Institut für Organische Chemie der Technischen Universität Braunschweig, Schleinitzstraße, D‐3300 Braunschweig
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14
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Iglesias-Arteaga MA, Velázquez-Huerta GA. Favorskii rearrangement of 23-oxo-3-epi-smilagenin acetate induced by iodosobenzene. Tetrahedron Lett 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2005.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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15
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16
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Xu QH, Peng XW, Tian WS. A new strategy for synthesizing the steroids with side chains from steroidal sapogenins: synthesis of the aglycone of OSW-1 by using the intact skeleton of diosgenin. Tetrahedron Lett 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2003.09.227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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17
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18
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Stereocontrolled synthesis of either (22S)- or (22R)-hydroxy-23-acetylenic steroid side chains via [2,3]-Wittig sigmatropic rearrangement. Tetrahedron Lett 1985. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(00)98930-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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19
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20
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The morphological response of Kc-H cells to ecdysteroids: Hormonal specificity. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1980; 189:1-15. [DOI: 10.1007/bf00848562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/1980] [Accepted: 06/09/1980] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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21
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Hendrickson JB, Braun-Keller E. Systematic synthesis design. 8. Generation of reaction sequences. J Comput Chem 1980. [DOI: 10.1002/jcc.540010403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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22
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Kametani T, Tsubuki M, Nemoto H. A stereocontrolled total synthesis of 2β,3β,20β-triacetoxy-5α-pregnan-6-one — A total synthesis of 20-hydroxyecdysone. Tetrahedron Lett 1980. [DOI: 10.1016/0040-4039(80)80158-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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