1
|
Closed-shell and open-shell dual nature of singlet diradical compounds. PURE APPL CHEM 2023. [DOI: 10.1515/pac-2023-0114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Unlike triplet diradicals, singlet diradicals can vary in diradical character from 0 % to 100 % depending on linker units that allow two formally unpaired electrons to couple covalently. In principle, the electronic structure of singlet diradicals can be described as a quantum superposition of closed-shell and open-shell structures. This means that, depending on the external environment, singlet diradicals can behave as either closed-shell or open-shell species. This paper summarizes our progress in understanding the electronic structure of π-conjugated singlet diradical molecules in terms of closed-shell and open-shell dual nature. We first discuss the coexistence of intra- and intermolecular covalent bonding interactions in the π-dimer of a singlet diradical molecule. The intra- and intermolecular coupling of two formally unpaired electrons are related to closed-shell and open-shell nature of singlet diradical, respectively. Then we demonstrate the coexistence of the covalent bonding interactions in the one-dimensional stack of singlet diradical molecules having different diradical character. The relative strength of the interactions is varied with the magnitude of singlet diradical index y
0. Finally, we show the dual reactivity of a singlet diradical molecule, which undergoes rapid [4 + 2] and [4 + 4] cycloaddition reactions in the dark at room temperature. Closed-shell and open-shell nature endow the singlet diradical molecule with the reaction manner as diene and diradical species, respectively.
Collapse
|
2
|
Sahara K, Abe M, Zipse H, Kubo T. Duality of Reactivity of a Biradicaloid Compound with an o-Quinodimethane Scaffold. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:5408-5418. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c01003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Keisuke Sahara
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - Manabu Abe
- JST-CREST, K’s Gobancho 6F, 7, Gobancho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-0075, Japan
| | - Hendrik Zipse
- Department of Chemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Butenandtstraße 5-13, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Takashi Kubo
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Yang B, Gao S. Recent advances in the application of Diels–Alder reactions involving o-quinodimethanes, aza-o-quinone methides and o-quinone methides in natural product total synthesis. Chem Soc Rev 2018; 47:7926-7953. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cs00274f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 240] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
This review summarizes recent advances in Diels–Alder reactions involving o-QDMs, o-QMs and aza-o-QMs. The power and potential of this strategy in organic synthesis and natural product total synthesis is highlighted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Baochao Yang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- East China Normal University
- Shanghai 200062
- China
| | - Shuanhu Gao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- East China Normal University
- Shanghai 200062
- China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
|
5
|
Matsui Y, Ikeda T, Takahashi Y, Kamata M, Akagi M, Ohya Y, Fujino R, Namai H, Ohta E, Ogaki T, Miyashi T, Tero‐Kubota S, Mizuno K, Ikeda H. Electron‐Transfer Reactions Triggered by Uncharged or Cationic Photosensitizer: Methodology for Generation of
o
‐Quinodimethane and Analysis of Back Electron‐Transfer Process. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.201600570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yasunori Matsui
- Department of Applied Chemistry Graduate School of Engineering Osaka Prefecture University Sakai Osaka 599–8531 Japan
- The Research Institute for Molecular Electronic Devices (RIMED) Osaka Prefecture University Sakai Osaka 599–8531 Japan
| | - Teruyo Ikeda
- Department of Chemistry Graduate School of Science Tohoku University Sendai 980–8578 Japan
| | - Yasutake Takahashi
- Division of Chemistry Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Toyama Toyama 930-0194 Japan
| | - Masaki Kamata
- Department of Chemistry Faculty of Education Niigata University Igarashi Niigata 950–2181 Japan
| | - Megumi Akagi
- Department of Chemistry Graduate School of Science Tohoku University Sendai 980–8578 Japan
| | - Yukako Ohya
- Department of Chemistry Graduate School of Science Tohoku University Sendai 980–8578 Japan
| | - Ryota Fujino
- Department of Chemistry Faculty of Education Niigata University Igarashi Niigata 950–2181 Japan
| | - Hayato Namai
- Department of Chemistry Graduate School of Science Tohoku University Sendai 980–8578 Japan
| | - Eisuke Ohta
- Department of Applied Chemistry Graduate School of Engineering Osaka Prefecture University Sakai Osaka 599–8531 Japan
- The Research Institute for Molecular Electronic Devices (RIMED) Osaka Prefecture University Sakai Osaka 599–8531 Japan
| | - Takuya Ogaki
- Department of Applied Chemistry Graduate School of Engineering Osaka Prefecture University Sakai Osaka 599–8531 Japan
- The Research Institute for Molecular Electronic Devices (RIMED) Osaka Prefecture University Sakai Osaka 599–8531 Japan
| | - Tsutomu Miyashi
- Department of Chemistry Graduate School of Science Tohoku University Sendai 980–8578 Japan
| | - Shozo Tero‐Kubota
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials Tohoku University Sendai 980–8577 Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Mizuno
- Department of Applied Chemistry Graduate School of Engineering Osaka Prefecture University Sakai Osaka 599–8531 Japan
| | - Hiroshi Ikeda
- Department of Applied Chemistry Graduate School of Engineering The Research Institute for Molecular Electronic Devices (RIMED) Osaka Prefecture University Sakai Osaka 599–8531 Japan
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Aromaticity and Conjugation in 1,2-Benzoquinone Valence Isomers and Congeners. ADVANCES IN HETEROCYCLIC CHEMISTRY 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-800170-7.00003-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
|
7
|
Shimizu A, Tobe Y. Indeno[2,1-a]fluorene: An Air-Stable ortho-Quinodimethane Derivative. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011; 50:6906-10. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201101950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 204] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2011] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
|
8
|
Shimizu A, Tobe Y. Indeno[2,1-a]fluorene: An Air-Stable ortho-Quinodimethane Derivative. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201101950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
|
9
|
Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Inagaki
- Dapartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Gifu University, Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan,
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Photochemistry and photodissociation of benzosultine and naphthosultine: electronic relaxation of sultines and kinetics and theoretical studies of fragment o-quinodimethanes. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2004.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|
11
|
Stereospecific thermal isomerization of 2, 2-dimethylbenzocyclobutenols to 2-isopropenylphenyl alcohols. J Org Chem 2000; 65:4909-12. [PMID: 10956470 DOI: 10.1021/jo000246m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Thermolysis of the 1-alkyl-2,2-dimethylbenzocyclobutenol 3 at 160 degrees C gave the 2-isopropenylphenyl alcohol 8 through an (E)-dienol intermediate by a 1,5-sigmatropic hydrogen shift from the isopropylidene methyl group to the carbon bearing hydroxy group. In the thermolysis of each of the diastereomeric 2, 2-dimethylbenzocyclobutenols 6 and 7 which have a hydroxy group on the beta-carbon of the quaternary C(1)-alkyl substituent, the isomerization to the 2-isopropenylphenyl alcohols 10 and 11 took place stereospecifically through a twisted (E)-dienol intermediate. The configuration of the newly formed chiral center in 10 and 11 was the same as that of the ring carbon bearing hydroxy group in the starting 6 and 7.
Collapse
|
12
|
Segura JL, Martín N. o-Quinodimethanes: Efficient Intermediates in Organic Synthesis. Chem Rev 1999; 99:3199-246. [PMID: 11749515 DOI: 10.1021/cr990011e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 334] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J L Segura
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Fujiwara M, Mishima K, Tamai K, Tanimoto Y, Mizuno K, Ishii Y. Spectroscopic Studies on Photochemical Formation of o-Xylylene in Solution. J Phys Chem A 1997. [DOI: 10.1021/jp970655v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
14
|
Sato H, Isono N, Miyoshi I, Mori M. 1,1-, 1,2-, and 1,4-eliminations from the corresponding dihalogenated compounds using Bu3SnSiMe3-F−. Tetrahedron 1996. [DOI: 10.1016/0040-4020(96)00376-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
15
|
Allan M, Asmis KR, Houar SE, Haselbach E, Capponi M, Urwyler B, Wirz J. Triplet Energy of 2, 2-Dimethylisoindene from Electron-Energy-Loss Spectroscopy and Photoinduced Triplet Energy Transfer. Helv Chim Acta 1994. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.19940770609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
|
16
|
Sato H, Isono N, Okamura K, Date T, Mori M. Utilization of Me3SiSnBu3 in organic synthesis. Generation of o-quinodimethane from α,α′-dibromo-o-xylene and Me3SiSnBu3-CsF. Tetrahedron Lett 1994. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(00)73042-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
17
|
Sander W, Morawietz J. Matrix isolation of a reactive o-quinoid compound - 6-methylene-2,4-cyclohexadien-1-imine. Tetrahedron Lett 1993. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(00)91961-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
18
|
|
19
|
Kirchhoff RA, Carriere CJ, Bruza KJ, Rondan NG, Sammler RL. Benzocyclobutenes: A New Class of High Performance Polymers. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1991. [DOI: 10.1080/00222339108054087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
20
|
Liao CC, Ueng YG. Photolysis of 1,4-dipropylbenzobiocyclo[2.2.2]Oct-5-ene-2,3-dione. Intermediacy of 1,4-dipropyl-2,3-dihydronaphthalene. Tetrahedron Lett 1990. [DOI: 10.1016/0040-4039(90)80017-g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
21
|
|
22
|
Site-selected fluorescence and fluorescence-excitation spectra of o-durylene-h12 and -d12 in n-hexane at 5–10 K. Chem Phys Lett 1984. [DOI: 10.1016/0009-2614(84)85491-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|
23
|
Inagaki S, Kawata H, Hirabayashi Y. Cyclic Orbital Interaction and Orbital Phase in Acyclic Conjugation. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 1982. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.55.3724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
|
24
|
Yabe A. Photolysis of Organic Azides. VI. 1,4-Diacetoxy-2,3-diazidonaphthalene. Formation of Isoquinoline Structure from α,α′-Dicyano-o-xylylene. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 1981. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.54.1176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
|
25
|
Roth WR, Biermann M, Erker G, Jelich K, Gerhartz W, Görner H. Isolierung und Energiemulde des 2,3-Dimethylen-1,4-cyclohexadiyl-Diradikals. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1980. [DOI: 10.1002/cber.19801130216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
|
26
|
Yabe A. Photolysis of Organic Azides. IV. Formation ofo-Xylylene Derivatives from 2,3-Diazidonaphthalenes. Direct Observation by Low-temperature and Flash Photolysis. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 1979. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.52.789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
|
27
|
Oda M, Kato K, Kitahara Y, Kuroda S, Morita N, Asao T. THE SYNTHESIS AND REACTION OF 3,4-DIMETHYLENE-1,5-CYCLOHEPTADIENE. CHEM LETT 1978. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.1978.961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
|
28
|
Defoin A, Baranne-Lafont J, Rigaudy J, Guilhem J. Transformations thermiques des photooxydes meso des acenes—III. Tetrahedron 1978. [DOI: 10.1016/0040-4020(78)88040-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
|
29
|
Rigaudy J, Baranne-Lafont J, Defoin A, Cuong NK. Transformations thermiques des photooxydes meso des acenes—II. Tetrahedron 1978. [DOI: 10.1016/0040-4020(78)88039-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
30
|
Hirayama S. Photolysis in Rigid Matrixes at Low Temperatures. An Intermediate of Photo-dehydrobromination. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 1977. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.50.491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
|
31
|
Warrener RN, Harrison PA, Russell RA, Paddon-Row MN. A photochemical route to spiro[2.8]undeca-2,4,6,8-tetraene (2-spirocyclopropylisoindene). Tetrahedron Lett 1977. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(01)83672-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
32
|
Cvetković D, Gutman I, Trinajstić N. Graphical studies on the relations between the structure and reactivity of conjugated systems: the role of non-bonding molecular orbitals. J Mol Struct 1975. [DOI: 10.1016/0022-2860(75)80099-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
33
|
Okazaki R, Inamoto N. o-THIOQUINOMETHIDES. PREPARATION AND THE EQUILIBRIUM WITH THE [4+4] DIMER. CHEM LETT 1974. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.1974.1439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
|
34
|
|