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Wu Y, Hu Y, Li Z, Ma J. Molecular Dynamics Simulation of Thermal Nonequilibrium and Chemical Reaction Processes in Hydrogen Combustion. J Phys Chem A 2024; 128:2643-2655. [PMID: 38530707 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.3c08131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Using reactive force field (ReaxFF) and molecular dynamics simulation, we investigate the combustion process of hydrogen-oxygen systems in initial thermal nonequilibrium states with different translational and rovibrational temperatures for oxygen. The system studied in this work contains 300 oxygen molecules and 700 hydrogen molecules with a density of 7 times the air density. For this system, the characteristic relaxation times of oxygen and hydrogen vibrational energies are 0.173 and 0.249 ns, respectively. 0.6% of hydrogen undergoes a chemical reaction with oxygen during the thermal nonequilibrium relaxation stage. For the distribution of translational energy and vibrational energy of oxygen in the thermal nonequilibrium state, the maximum mean error of the statistical distribution in the simulation and the Boltzmann distribution at temperature calculated from the average kinetic energy of molecules is about 2.25 × 10-5. At the same time, it was observed in the simulation that many-body interactions play a certain role in the combustion process. Furthermore, we compare the ignition time and temperature rise behavior of different combustion mechanisms and molecular dynamics simulations starting from the thermal equilibrium state. These results will provide meaningful references for the construction of thermal nonequilibrium combustion chemical reaction mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yimiao Wu
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, P. R. China
| | - Yongxin Hu
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, P. R. China
| | - Zhiwei Li
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, P. R. China
| | - Jianyi Ma
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, P. R. China
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2
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Mahbub P, Hasan CK, Rudd D, Voelcker NH, Orbell J, Cole I, Macka M. Rapid and selective screening of organic peroxide explosives using acid-hydrolysis induced chemiluminescence. Anal Chim Acta 2023; 1255:341156. [PMID: 37032060 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2023.341156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
Organic peroxide explosives (OPEs) are unstable, non-military, contemporary security threats often found in improvised explosive devices. Chemiluminescence (CL) can be used to detect OPEs, via radical formation consisting of peroxide moieties (-O-O-) under acidic conditions. However, selectivity for specific OPEs is hampered by the ubiquitous background of H2O2. Herein, we report the differentiation of hexamethylene triperoxide diamine (HMTD), triacetone triperoxide (TATP), and methyl ethyl ketone peroxide (MEKP) by specific flow injection analysis-CL (FIA-CL) signal profiles, after H2SO4 treatment. The radical degradation pathway of each structure, and its corresponding FIA-CL profile, was explored using mass spectrometry to reveal the rapid loss of -O-O- from TATP and HMTD structures, while MEKP formed CL signal-sustaining oligomers, as opposed to the immediate attenuation of H2O2. The CL response for OPEs in an aqueous media, measured via the described FIA-CL method, enabled ultra-trace limits of detection down to 0.40 μM for MEKP, 0.43 μM for HMTD, and 0.40 μM for TATP (combined linear range 1-83 μM with 95% confidence limit, n = 12). Expanded uncertainties of measurement (UM) of MEKP = ±0.98, HMTD = ±1.03, and TATP = ±1.1 (UM included probabilities of false positive and false negative as well as standard deviations of % recoveries and limit of detections of OPEs). Direct aqueous sample introduction via FIA-CL thus offers the prospect of rapid and selective screening of OPEs in security-heightened settings (e.g., airports), averting false positives from more ubiquitous H2O2.
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3
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Sultan M, Wu J, Haq IU, Mudassar M, Yang L, Wu J, Lu J, Chen L. A complete thermal decomposition mechanism study of an energetic-energetic CL-20/DNT cocrystal at different extreme temperatures by using ReaxFF reactive molecular dynamics simulations. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.133691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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4
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Cao L, Zeng J, Wang B, Zhu T, Zhang JZH. Ab initio neural network MD simulation of thermal decomposition of a high energy material CL-20/TNT. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:11801-11811. [PMID: 35506927 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp00710j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
CL-20 (2,4,6,8,10,12-hexanitro-2,4,6,8,10,12-hexaazaisowurtzitane, also known as HNIW) is one of the most powerful energetic materials. However, its high sensitivity to environmental stimuli greatly reduces its safety and severely limits its application. In this work, ab initio based neural network potential (NNP) energy surfaces for both β-CL-20 and CL-20/TNT co-crystals were constructed. To accurately simulate the thermal decomposition processes of these two crystal systems, reactive molecular dynamics simulations based on the NNPs were performed. Many important intermediate species and their associated reaction paths during the decomposition had been identified in the simulations and the direct results on detonation temperatures of both systems were provided. The simulations also showed clearly that 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) molecules in the co-crystal act as a buffer to slow down the chain reactions triggered by nitrogen dioxide and this effect is more significant at lower temperatures. Specifically, the addition of TNT molecules in the CL-20/TNT co-crystal introduces intermolecular hydrogen bonds between CL-20 and TNT molecules in the system, thereby increasing the thermal stability of the co-crystal. The current reactive molecular dynamics simulation is performed based on the NNP which helps in accelerating the speed of ab initio molecular dynamics (AIMD) simulation by more than 3 orders of magnitude while preserving the accuracy of density functional theory (DFT) calculations. This enabled us to perform longer-time simulations at more realistic temperatures that traditional AIMD methods cannot achieve. With the advantage of the NNP in its powerful fitting ability and transferability, the NNP-based MD simulation can be widely applied to energetic material systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liqun Cao
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics & New Drug Development, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China.
| | - Jinzhe Zeng
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Institute for Quantitative Biomedicine, Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey, Piscataway 08854-8076, NJ, USA
| | - Bo Wang
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics & New Drug Development, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China.
| | - Tong Zhu
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics & New Drug Development, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China. .,NYU-ECNU Center for Computational Chemistry at NYU Shanghai, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - John Z H Zhang
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics & New Drug Development, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China. .,NYU-ECNU Center for Computational Chemistry at NYU Shanghai, Shanghai, 200062, China.,Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York 10003, USA.,Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030006, China
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5
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Hu X, Zhang T, Li J, Ma Z, Lei D, Zu B, Dou X. Competitive Delocalized Charge Transfer Boosted by Solvent Induction Strategy for Survivable Colorimetric Detection of ng-Level Urea. Anal Chem 2022; 94:6318-6328. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c00505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyun Hu
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Explosives Safety Science, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Tianshi Zhang
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Explosives Safety Science, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jiguang Li
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Explosives Safety Science, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhiwei Ma
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Explosives Safety Science, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Da Lei
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Explosives Safety Science, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China
| | - Baiyi Zu
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Explosives Safety Science, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China
| | - Xincun Dou
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Explosives Safety Science, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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Zeng T, Yang R, Li D, Li J, Guo X, Luo P. Reactive Molecular Dynamics Study on the Effect of H
2
O on the Thermal Decomposition of Ammonium Dinitramide. PROPELLANTS EXPLOSIVES PYROTECHNICS 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/prep.201900309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Zeng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing China 100081
- State key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing China 100081
| | - Rongjie Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing China 100081
- State key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing China 100081
| | - Dinghua Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing China 100081
| | - Jianmin Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing China 100081
- State key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing China 100081
| | - Xiaoyan Guo
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing China 100081
| | - Peng Luo
- Xi'an North Hui An Chemical Industries Co. Ltd Xi'an China 710032
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7
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Bertels LW, Newcomb LB, Alaghemandi M, Green JR, Head-Gordon M. Benchmarking the Performance of the ReaxFF Reactive Force Field on Hydrogen Combustion Systems. J Phys Chem A 2020; 124:5631-5645. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.0c02734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Luke W. Bertels
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Lucas B. Newcomb
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, Massachusetts 02125, United States
| | - Mohammad Alaghemandi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, Massachusetts 02125, United States
| | - Jason R. Green
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, Massachusetts 02125, United States
- Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, Massachusetts 02125, United States
| | - Martin Head-Gordon
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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8
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Jiang L, Fu X, Zhou Z, Zhang C, Li J, Qi F, Fan X, Zhang G. Study of the thermal decomposition mechanism of FOX-7 by molecular dynamics simulation and online photoionization mass spectrometry. RSC Adv 2020; 10:21147-21157. [PMID: 35518768 PMCID: PMC9054391 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra03443f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The thermal decomposition mechanism of energetic materials is important for analyzing the combustion mechanisms of propellants and evaluating the safety of propellants during transport and storage. 1,1-Diamino-2,2-dinitroethylene (FOX-7) is an important insensitive energetic material that can be used as an oxidizer in propellants. However, the initial decomposition mechanism of FOX-7 is not clear to date. The ReaxFF molecular dynamics method is widely used in the investigation of the thermal decomposition mechanisms of energetic materials. Meanwhile, the combination of thermogravimetry with online photoionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (TG-PI-TOF-MS) and online single-photon ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (SPI-TOF-MS) can reveal the decomposition products, which may be integrated with the results of the simulation. In this study, the primary thermal decomposition mechanism of 1,1-diamino-2,2-dinitroethylene (FOX-7) was studied by the ReaxFF molecular dynamics simulations and online photoionization mass spectrometry. The results of the molecular dynamics simulations showed that the primary decomposition step of FOX-7 is C–NO2 cleavage; after this, C
Created by potrace 1.16, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2019
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O formation occurs via a three-membered ring transition state, followed by NO elimination. The remaining structure loses NH2 and H, resulting in the formation of the NHCCO structure, which finally breaks down into HNC and CO. NH2 reacts with an H atom to produce NH3. A reversible intramolecular hydrogen transfer was also observed at 2500 K; however, it failed to dominate the decomposition reaction. During the decomposition of FOX-7, the major products are N2, NH3, CO2, and H2N2 and the minor products are H2O, HN2, and H2. The TG-PI-TOF-MS spectrum shows three signals, i.e., m/z = 18, 28, and 30, which can be assigned to H2O, CO, and NO, respectively. Moreover, four signals at m/z = 72.72, 55.81, 45.79, and 29.88 corresponding to the products (NH2)2CCO, (NH2)CCO, NO2, and NO have been obtained in the SPI-TOF-MS spectrum. The experimental data obtained via online photoionization mass spectrometry further validated the results of the molecular dynamics simulations. In this work, the primary thermal decomposition mechanism of 1,1-diamino-2,2-dinitroethylene (FOX-7) was studied by ReaxFF molecular dynamics simulations and online photoionization mass spectrometry.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Jiang
- Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute Xi'an 710065 PR China
| | - Xiaolong Fu
- Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute Xi'an 710065 PR China
| | - Zhongyue Zhou
- Key Laboratory for Power Machinery and Engineering of Ministry of Education (MOE), Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 PR China
| | - Chongmin Zhang
- Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute Xi'an 710065 PR China
| | - Jizhen Li
- Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute Xi'an 710065 PR China
| | - Fei Qi
- Key Laboratory for Power Machinery and Engineering of Ministry of Education (MOE), Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 PR China
| | - Xuezhong Fan
- Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute Xi'an 710065 PR China
| | - Guofang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, MOE, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an 710062 PR China
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9
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Huang X, Zhao X, Long X, Dai X, Zhang K, Li M, Guo F, Qiao Z, Wen Y. Comparison study of carbon clusters formation during thermal decomposition of 1,3,5-triamino-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene and benzotrifuroxan: a ReaxFF based sequential molecular dynamics simulation. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:5154-5162. [PMID: 32073007 DOI: 10.1039/c9cp05734j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Carbon rich clusters are usually found after the detonation of explosives, which greatly hinder their further decomposition into small molecules. A comparison study of thermal decomposition and clusters formation between 1,3,5-triamino-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene (TATB) and benzotrifuroxan (BTF) crystals was conducted to uncover the mechanisms behind their distinct differences in sensitivity and reaction violence, which has not been investigated in detail. The simulations of heating at 3500 K, then expansion and cooling were conducted through reactive molecular dynamics using the ReaxFF-lg force field. As a result, the initial low decay rate indicates that TATB is more stable than BTF under high temperatures, while once ignited it decays faster than BTF. Nevertheless, BTF decomposes more completely with a higher potential energy release, a greater amount of final products, and higher reaction frequencies, and shows higher reaction violence than TATB. More and heavier clusters occur in TATB crystals compared with those in BTF. Large clusters form during the heating process and then partly dissociate during expansion and cooling. A faster cooling rate facilitates larger clusters formation. Graphitic geometries as well as carbon rings and carbon chains are common in the stable clusters. Besides, further simulations show that a lower heating temperature facilitates larger clusters formation both in TATB and BTF. Our results are expected to deepen the insight into the mechanisms of carbon clusters formation and the different performances of TATB and BTF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaona Huang
- Institute of Chemical Materials, China Academy of Engineering Physics (CAEP), P.O. Box 919-326, Mianyang, Sichuan 621900, China.
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10
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Zeng J, Cao L, Chin CH, Ren H, Zhang JZH, Zhu T. ReacNetGenerator: an automatic reaction network generator for reactive molecular dynamics simulations. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:683-691. [PMID: 31829361 DOI: 10.1039/c9cp05091d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Reactive molecular dynamics (MD) simulation makes it possible to study the reaction mechanism of complex reaction systems at the atomic level. However, the analysis of MD trajectories which contain thousands of species and reaction pathways has become a major obstacle to the application of reactive MD simulation in large-scale systems. Here, we report the development and application of the Reaction Network Generator (ReacNetGenerator) method. It can automatically extract the reaction network from the reaction trajectory without any predefined reaction coordinates and elementary reaction steps. Molecular species can be automatically identified from the cartesian coordinates of atoms and the hidden Markov model is used to filter the trajectory noises which makes the analysis process easier and more accurate. The ReacNetGenerator has been successfully used to analyze the reactive MD trajectories of the combustion of methane and 4-component surrogate fuel for rocket propellant 3 (RP-3), and it has great advantages in terms of efficiency and accuracy compared to traditional manual analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinzhe Zeng
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics & New Drug Development, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China.
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11
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Furman D, Wales DJ. Transforming the Accuracy and Numerical Stability of ReaxFF Reactive Force Fields. J Phys Chem Lett 2019; 10:7215-7223. [PMID: 31682448 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.9b02810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations provide an important link between theories and experiments. While ab initio methods can be prohibitively costly, the ReaxFF force field has facilitated in silico studies of chemical reactivity in complex, condensed-phase systems. However, the relatively poor energy conservation in ReaxFF MD has either limited the applicability to short time scales, in cases where energy propagation is important, or has required a continuous coupling of the system to a heat bath. In this study, we reveal the root cause of the unsatisfactory energy conservation, and offer a straightforward solution. The new scheme results in orders of magnitude improvement in energy conservation, numerical stability, and accuracy of ReaxFF force fields, compared to the previous state-of-the-art, at no additional cost. We anticipate that these improvements will open new avenues of research for more accurate reactive simulations in complex systems on long time scales.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Furman
- Department of Chemistry , University of Cambridge , Lensfield Road , Cambridge CB2 1EW , United Kingdom
- Division of Chemistry , NRCN , P.O. Box 9001, Beer-Sheva 84190 , Israel
| | - David J Wales
- Department of Chemistry , University of Cambridge , Lensfield Road , Cambridge CB2 1EW , United Kingdom
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12
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Yue L, Lv L, Xu Z, Zhang L, Yang M. A reactive force field molecular dynamics study of molecular nitrogen and water mixtures under high temperature and high pressure. J Mol Model 2019; 25:120. [PMID: 30997561 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-019-4009-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 03/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Establishment of an equation of state (EOS) for detonation products is challenging through molecular modeling approaches. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations with the reactive force fields (ReaxFF) were carried out in this work for molecular N2 and H2O and their mixtures, which are key components of detonation products, with high density and under high temperature, and compared with the experiment-based Becker-Kistiakowsky-Wilson (BKW) and the Lennard-Jones potential-based Tsien-Zhao (TZ) equations. Phase separations were noted for the mixtures, enhanced for denser systems under low temperature, and detracted for sparse systems under high temperature. ReaxFF-based MD simulations reproduce the BKW predictions for the systems with a wide range of densities, while the TZ predictions deviate at relatively low density. The deviations among the MD, BKW, and TZ results reduce with increasing temperature and decreasing density. Our calculations revealed the significant influence of phase separation on the predicted pressures, and verified that the MD/ReaxFF approach is potentially a feasible way to establish the EOS for detonation products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingjun Yue
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Li Lv
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Ziwei Xu
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China.
| | - Mingli Yang
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China.
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13
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Samieegohar M, Sha F, Clayborne AZ, Wei T. ReaxFF MD Simulations of Peptide-Grafted Gold Nanoparticles. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2019; 35:5029-5036. [PMID: 30869899 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b03951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Functionalized gold nanoparticles have critical applications in biodetection with surface-enhanced Raman spectrum and drug delivery. In this study, reactive force field molecular dynamics simulations were performed to study gold nanoparticles, which are modified with different short-chain peptides consisting of amino acid residues of cysteine and glycine in different grafting densities in the aqueous environment. Our study showed slight facet-dependent peptide adsorption on a gold nanoparticle with the 3 nm core diameter. Peptide chains prefer to adsorb on the Au(111) facet compared to those on other facets of Au(100) and Au(110). In addition to the stable thiol interaction with gold nanoparticle surfaces, polarizable oxygen and nitrogen atoms show strong interactions with the gold surface and polarize the gold nanoparticle surfaces with an overall positive charge. Charges of gold atoms vary according to their contacts with peptide atoms and lattice positions. However, at the outmost peptide layer, the whole functionalized Au nanoparticles exhibit overall negative electrostatic potential due to the grafted peptides. Moreover, simulations show that thiol groups can be deprotonated and subsequently protons can be transferred to water molecules and carboxyl groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammadreza Samieegohar
- Chemical Engineering Department , Howard University , 2366 Sixth Street , Washington , District of Columbia 20059 , United States
| | - Feng Sha
- Network Information Center , Xiamen University of Technology , 600 Ligong Road , Jimei District, Xiamen 361024 , Fujian Province, China
| | - Andre Z Clayborne
- Chemistry Department , Howard University , 525 College Street , Washington , District of Columbia 20059 , United States
| | - Tao Wei
- Chemical Engineering Department , Howard University , 2366 Sixth Street , Washington , District of Columbia 20059 , United States
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Li Y, Romero NA, Lau KC. Structure-Property of Lithium-Sulfur Nanoparticles via Molecular Dynamics Simulation. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:37575-37585. [PMID: 30298723 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b09128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries offer higher energy densities than most reported lithium-ion batteries. However, our understanding of Li-S battery is still largely unknown at the level of the nanoscale. The structural properties of Li-S materials were investigated via molecular dynamics (MD) simulations using the ReaxFF force field. Several Li-S nanoparticles with different Li/S composition ratios (2:1 and 2:8) and various structures are studied. Our MD simulations show that among the four structures we constructed for Li2S8 nanoparticles, the core-shell structure is the most thermodynamically stable one during the charging (delithiation) process. In contrast to bulk crystal Li2S, we find the presence of mixed lithium sulfide and polysulfide species are common features for these Li-S (Li2S, Li2S8) nanoparticles. The complex distribution of these sulfide and polysulfide speciation are dictated by both stoichiometry and local atomic structures in the nanoparticle. These findings will provide insight into further development of functionalized lithium-sulfur cathodes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Kah Chun Lau
- Department of Physics & Astronomy , California State University, Northridge , Northridge , California 91330 , United States
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15
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Junying WU, Yanxi H, Lijun Y, Deshen G, Fuping W, Heqi W, Lang C. Reactive Molecular Dynamics Simulations of the Thermal Decomposition Mechanism of 1,3,3-Trinitroazetidine. Chemphyschem 2018; 19:2683-2695. [PMID: 30033624 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201800550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
1,3,3-Trinitroazetidine (TNAZ) has a molecular formula of C3 H4 N4 O6 and the characteristics of low melting point, low impact sensitivity and good thermal stability. It is suitable for melt casting and pressed charges, and it has broad prospects for applications in low-sensitivity ammunition. In this study, the thermal decomposition of TNAZ crystals at high temperature was calculated by molecular dynamics simulation with the ReaxFF/lg reactive force field. The change in the potential energy of TNAZ, the formation of small-molecule products and clusters, and the initial reaction path of TNAZ were analysed. The kinetic parameters of different reaction stages in TNAZ thermal decomposition were obtained. The primary thermal decomposition reaction of TNAZ was found to be as follows: N-NO2 and C-NO2 bonds broke; a H atom on the quaternary ring was transferred to the nitro group; and the C-HNO2 and N-HNO2 bonds broke. The main decomposition products of TNAZ were thus NO2 , NO, N2 , H2 O, CO2 and HNO2 , as well as macromolecular clusters. The size of the cluster structure was related to the reaction temperature, and the higher the temperature was, the smaller the cluster size was.
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Affiliation(s)
- W U Junying
- State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China, 100081
| | - Huang Yanxi
- State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China, 100081
| | - Yang Lijun
- State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China, 100081
| | - Geng Deshen
- State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China, 100081
| | - Wang Fuping
- State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China, 100081
| | - Wang Heqi
- State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China, 100081
| | - Chen Lang
- State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China, 100081
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16
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Investigating structure property relations of poly (p-phenylene terephthalamide) fibers via reactive molecular dynamics simulations. POLYMER 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2018.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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17
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First-principles-based reaction kinetics from reactive molecular dynamics simulations: Application to hydrogen peroxide decomposition. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2018; 116:18202-18208. [PMID: 30242137 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1701383115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper presents our vision of how to use in silico approaches to extract the reaction mechanisms and kinetic parameters for complex condensed-phase chemical processes that underlie important technologies ranging from combustion to chemical vapor deposition. The goal is to provide an analytic description of the detailed evolution of a complex chemical system from reactants through various intermediates to products, so that one could optimize the efficiency of the reactive processes to produce the desired products and avoid unwanted side products. We could start with quantum mechanics (QM) to ensure an accurate description; however, to obtain useful kinetics we need to average over ∼10-nm spatial scales for ∼1 ns, which is prohibitively impractical with QM. Instead, we use the reactive force field (ReaxFF) trained to fit QM to carry out the reactive molecular dynamics (RMD). We focus here on showing that it is practical to extract from such RMD the reaction mechanisms and kinetics information needed to describe the reactions analytically. This analytic description can then be used to incorporate the correct reaction chemistry from the QM/ReaxFF atomistic description into larger-scale simulations of ∼10 nm to micrometers to millimeters to meters using analytic approaches of computational fluid dynamics and/or continuum chemical dynamics. In the paper we lay out the strategy to extract the mechanisms and rate parameters automatically without the necessity of knowing any details of the chemistry. We consider this to be a proof of concept. We refer to the process as RMD2Kin (reactive molecular dynamics to kinetics) for the general approach and as ReaxMD2Kin (ReaxFF molecular dynamics to kinetics) for QM-ReaxFF-based reaction kinetics.
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18
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Rosales AR, Quinn TR, Wahlers J, Tomberg A, Zhang X, Helquist P, Wiest O, Norrby PO. Application of Q2MM to predictions in stereoselective synthesis. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:8294-8311. [PMID: 29971313 DOI: 10.1039/c8cc03695k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Quantum-Guided Molecular Mechanics (Q2MM) can be used to derive transition state force fields (TSFFs) that allow the fast and accurate predictions of stereoselectivity for a wide range of catalytic enantioselective reactions. The basic ideas behind the derivation of TSFFs using Q2MM are discussed and the steps involved in obtaining a TSFF using the Q2MM code, publically available at github.com/q2mm, are shown. The applicability for a range of reactions, including several non-standard applications of Q2MM, is demonstrated. Future developments of the method are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony R Rosales
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA.
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19
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Zhou T, Zybin SV, Goddard WA, Cheng T, Naserifar S, Jaramillo-Botero A, Huang F. Predicted detonation properties at the Chapman-Jouguet state for proposed energetic materials (MTO and MTO3N) from combined ReaxFF and quantum mechanics reactive dynamics. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:3953-3969. [PMID: 29367992 DOI: 10.1039/c7cp07321f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The development of new energetic materials (EMs) with improved detonation performance but low sensitivity and environmental impact is of considerable importance for applications in civilian and military fields. Often new designs are difficult to synthesize so predictions of performance in advance is most valuable. Examples include MTO (2,4,6-triamino-1,3,5-triazine-1,3,5-trioxide) and MTO3N (2,4,6-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine-1,3,5-trioxide) suggested by Klapötke as candidate EMs but not yet successfully synthesized. We propose and apply to these materials a new approach, RxMD(cQM), in which ReaxFF Reactive Molecular Dynamics (RxMD) is first used to predict the reaction products and thermochemical properties at the Chapman Jouguet (CJ) state for which the system is fully reacted and at chemical equilibrium. Quantum mechanics dynamics (QMD) is then applied to refine the pressure of the ReaxFF predicted CJ state to predict a more accurate final CJ point, leading to a very practical calculation that includes accurate long range vdW interactions needed for accurate pressure. For MTO, this RxMD(cQM) method predicts a detonation pressure of PCJ = 40.5 GPa and a detonation velocity of DCJ = 8.8 km s-1, while for MTO3N it predicts PCJ = 39.9 GPa and DCJ = 8.4 km s-1, making them comparable to HMX (PCJ = 39.5 GPa, DCJ = 9.1 km s-1) and worth synthesizing. This first-principles-based RxMD(cQM) methodology provides an excellent compromise between computational cost and accuracy including the formation of clusters that burn too slowly, providing a practical mean of assessing detonation performances for novel candidate EMs. This RxMD(cQM) method that links first principles atomistic molecular dynamics simulations with macroscopic properties to promote in silico design of new EMs should also be of general applicability to materials synthesis and processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Zhou
- Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Beijing, 100094, P. R. China
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20
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Song KF, Ji GF, Kumari KM, Wei DQ. Blending effect between n-decane and toluene in oxidation: a ReaxFF study. MOLECULAR SIMULATION 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/08927022.2017.1334882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ke-Feng Song
- National Key Laboratory of Shock Wave and Detonation Physics, Chinese Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang, China
| | - Guang-Fu Ji
- National Key Laboratory of Shock Wave and Detonation Physics, Chinese Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang, China
| | - Kotni Meena Kumari
- College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dong-Qing Wei
- College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
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21
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Sajib MSJ, Samieegohar M, Wei T, Shing K. Atomic-Level Simulation Study of n-Hexane Pyrolysis on Silicon Carbide Surfaces. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2017; 33:11102-11108. [PMID: 28915728 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.7b03102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Ethylene production plays a key role in the petrochemical industry. The severe operation conditions of ethylene thermal cracking, such as high-temperature and coke-formation, pose challenges for the development of new corrosion-resistant and coking-resistant materials for ethylene reactor radiant coils tubes (RCTs). We investigated the performance of ceramic materials such as silicon carbide (SiC) in severe pyrolysis conditions by using reactive force field molecular dynamics (ReaxFF MD) simulation method. Our results indicate that β-SiC surface remains fully stable at 1500 K, whereas increased temperature results in melted interface. At 2500 K, fully grown cross-linked-graphene-like polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon coking structure on SiC surfaces was observed. Such coking was particularly severe in the carbon-side of the surface slab. The coking structures were mainly derived from surface atoms at the initial 3.0 ns, as a result of the loss of interfacial hydroxyl layer and further hydrothermal corrosion. The SiC substrate surface enhances the ethylene cracking rate and also leads to different intermediate-state compounds. Our fundamental research will have significant and broad impact on both petrochemical industry and academic research in materials science, petrochemistry, and combustion chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Symon Jahan Sajib
- Dan F. Smith Department of Chemical Engineering, Lamar University , Beaumont, Texas 77710, United States
| | - Mohammadreza Samieegohar
- Dan F. Smith Department of Chemical Engineering, Lamar University , Beaumont, Texas 77710, United States
| | - Tao Wei
- Dan F. Smith Department of Chemical Engineering, Lamar University , Beaumont, Texas 77710, United States
- Chemical Engineering Department, Howard University , Washington, D.C. 20059, United States
| | - Katherine Shing
- Mork Family Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Southern California , Los Angeles, California 90007, United States
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22
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Chu H, Cao L, Peng X, Li G. Polarizable force field development for lipids and their efficient applications in membrane proteins. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-COMPUTATIONAL MOLECULAR SCIENCE 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/wcms.1312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Huiying Chu
- Laboratory of Molecular Modeling and Design, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics; Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Science; Dalian China
| | - Liaoran Cao
- Laboratory of Molecular Modeling and Design, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics; Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Science; Dalian China
| | - Xiangda Peng
- Laboratory of Molecular Modeling and Design, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics; Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Science; Dalian China
| | - Guohui Li
- Laboratory of Molecular Modeling and Design, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics; Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Science; Dalian China
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23
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Sergeev OV, Yanilkin AV. Hydrogen Transfer in Energetic Materials from ReaxFF and DFT Calculations. J Phys Chem A 2017; 121:3019-3027. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.6b13088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Oleg V. Sergeev
- Center
for Fundamental and Applied Research, Dukhov Research Institute of Automatics, P.O.
Box 918, Moscow 101000, Russia
- Department
of Molecular and Chemical Physics, Moscow Insitute of Physics and Technology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexey V. Yanilkin
- Center
for Fundamental and Applied Research, Dukhov Research Institute of Automatics, P.O.
Box 918, Moscow 101000, Russia
- Department
of Molecular and Chemical Physics, Moscow Insitute of Physics and Technology, Moscow, Russia
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24
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Yang Z, He YH. Pyrolysis of CL20-BTF Co-crystal via ReaxFF-lg Reactive Force Field Molecular Dynamics Simulations. CHINESE J CHEM PHYS 2016. [DOI: 10.1063/1674-0068/29/cjcp1603054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
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25
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Rahnamoun A, van Duin ACT. Study of thermal conductivity of ice clusters after impact deposition on the silica surfaces using the ReaxFF reactive force field. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:1587-94. [PMID: 26670950 DOI: 10.1039/c5cp05741h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
During aircraft or spacecraft missions, ice accumulates on different parts of their surface elements. An important parameter affecting the ability to remove this ice from the surface is the heat transfer characteristics of the accumulated ice. The ice heat transfer is related to the process of ice formation and its density and internal structure. In this study we investigate the effects of the ice and silica structure and the ice cluster attachment mechanism to the silica surface on the thermal conductivity (TC) of the attached ice cluster using the ReaxFF reactive force field. The purpose of this study is to investigate the thermal transport in amorphous and crystalline ice after high-velocity deposition on the silica surfaces. A dual thermostat method has been applied for the calculation of TC values. The validity of this method has been verified by comparing the calculated values of TC for crystal and amorphous ice with available experimental values. Our calculations show that the TC values of both crystal and amorphous ice drop after deposition on the silica surfaces. This decrease in the TC is more significant for the ice deposition on suboxide silica surfaces. Furthermore, crystal ice shows higher TC values than amorphous ice after accumulation. However, when crystal ice impacts on the silica surface at 1 km s(-1) impact speed, the crystalline shape of the ice cluster is lost to a considerable level and the TC values obtained for the ice clusters in such cases are closer to amorphous ice TC values. We observed a decrease in the TC values when ionic species are added inside the ice clusters.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Rahnamoun
- Department of Mechanical and Nuclear Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, 234 Research East, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA.
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26
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Zhou T, Lou J, Zhang Y, Song H, Huang F. Hot spot formation and chemical reaction initiation in shocked HMX crystals with nanovoids: a large-scale reactive molecular dynamics study. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:17627-45. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cp02015a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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27
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Han Y, Jiang D, Zhang J, Li W, Gan Z, Gu J. Development, applications and challenges of ReaxFF reactive force field in molecular simulations. Front Chem Sci Eng 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s11705-015-1545-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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28
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Li Z, Bassett WP, Askim JR, Suslick KS. Differentiation among peroxide explosives with an optoelectronic nose. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:15312-5. [PMID: 26340082 DOI: 10.1039/c5cc06221g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Forensic identification of batches of homemade explosives (HME) poses a difficult analytical challenge. Differentiation among peroxide explosives is reported herein using a colorimetric sensor array and handheld scanner with a field-appropriate sampling protocol. Clear discrimination was demonstrated among twelve peroxide samples prepared from different reagents, with a classification accuracy >98%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 600 S. Mathews Ave., Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA.
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29
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Suleimanov YV, Green WH. Automated Discovery of Elementary Chemical Reaction Steps Using Freezing String and Berny Optimization Methods. J Chem Theory Comput 2015; 11:4248-59. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.5b00407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yury V. Suleimanov
- Computation-based
Science and Technology Research Center, Cyprus Institute, 20
Kavafi Street, Nicosia 2121, Cyprus
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - William H. Green
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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30
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Naserifar S, Goddard WA, Tsotsis TT, Sahimi M. First principles-based multiparadigm, multiscale strategy for simulating complex materials processes with applications to amorphous SiC films. J Chem Phys 2015; 142:174703. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4919797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Saber Naserifar
- Mork Family Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089-1211, USA
- Materials and Process Simulation Center, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - William A. Goddard
- Materials and Process Simulation Center, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - Theodore T. Tsotsis
- Mork Family Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089-1211, USA
| | - Muhammad Sahimi
- Mork Family Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089-1211, USA
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31
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Zhou TT, Lou JF, Song HJ, Huang FL. Anisotropic shock sensitivity in a single crystal δ-cyclotetramethylene tetranitramine: a reactive molecular dynamics study. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2015; 17:7924-35. [PMID: 25721038 DOI: 10.1039/c4cp05575f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The anisotropic shock sensitivity in a single crystal δ-cyclotetramethylene tetranitramine (δ-HMX) was investigated using the compress-shear reactive dynamics (CS-RD) computational protocol. Significant anisotropies in the thermo-mechanical and chemical responses were found by measuring the shear stress, energy, temperature, and chemical reactions during the dynamical process for the shock directions perpendicular to the (100), (010), (001), (110), (101), (011), and (111) planes. We predict that δ-HMX is sensitive for the shocks perpendicular to the (111), (011), (110), and (101) planes, which is intermediate to the (100) and (010) plane and is insensitive to the (001) plane. The internal energy accumulated within the duration of the surmounting shear stress barrier is a useful criterion to distinguish the sensitive directions from the less sensitive ones. The molecular origin of the anisotropic sensitivity is suggested to be the intermolecular steric arrangements across a slip plane induced by shock compression. The shear deformation induced by the shock along the sensitive direction encounters strong intermolecular contacts and has small intermolecular free space for geometry relaxation when the molecules collide, leading to high shear stress barriers and energy accumulation, which benefits the temperature increase and initial chemical bond breaking that trigger further reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Ting Zhou
- Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Beijing, 100094, P. R. China.
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32
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Swadley MJ, Zhou P, Li T. Reactivity of triacetone triperoxide and diacetone diperoxide: Insights from nuclear Fukui function. Front Chem Sci Eng 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s11705-015-1507-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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33
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Larentzos JP, Rice BM, Byrd EFC, Weingarten NS, Lill JV. Parameterizing Complex Reactive Force Fields Using Multiple Objective Evolutionary Strategies (MOES). Part 1: ReaxFF Models for Cyclotrimethylene Trinitramine (RDX) and 1,1-Diamino-2,2-dinitroethene (FOX-7). J Chem Theory Comput 2015; 11:381-91. [DOI: 10.1021/ct500788c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- James P. Larentzos
- Engility
Corporation, High Technology Services Group, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland 21005, United States
| | - Betsy M. Rice
- Energetic
Materials Science Branch, Weapons and Materials Research Directorate, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland 21005, United States
| | - Edward F. C. Byrd
- Energetic
Materials Science Branch, Weapons and Materials Research Directorate, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland 21005, United States
| | - N. Scott Weingarten
- Energetic
Materials Science Branch, Weapons and Materials Research Directorate, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland 21005, United States
| | - James V. Lill
- Engility
Corporation, High Technology Services Group, U.S. Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio 45433, United States
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34
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Rice BM, Larentzos JP, Byrd EFC, Weingarten NS. Parameterizing Complex Reactive Force Fields Using Multiple Objective Evolutionary Strategies (MOES): Part 2: Transferability of ReaxFF Models to C–H–N–O Energetic Materials. J Chem Theory Comput 2015; 11:392-405. [DOI: 10.1021/ct5007899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Betsy M. Rice
- Energetic Materials
Science Branch, Weapons and Materials Research Directorate, U.S. Army
Research Laboratory, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland 21005, United States
| | - James P. Larentzos
- Engility Corporation,
High Technology Services Group, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland 21005, United States
| | - Edward F. C. Byrd
- Energetic Materials
Science Branch, Weapons and Materials Research Directorate, U.S. Army
Research Laboratory, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland 21005, United States
| | - N. Scott Weingarten
- Energetic Materials
Science Branch, Weapons and Materials Research Directorate, U.S. Army
Research Laboratory, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland 21005, United States
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35
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Zhou TT, Zhang YG, Lou JF, Song HJ, Huang FL. A reactive molecular dynamics study on the anisotropic sensitivity in single crystal α-cyclotetramethylene tetranitramine. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra09943e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Anisotropic sensitivity is related to the different intermolecular steric arrangements across the slip plane induced by shock compression along various orientations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Ting Zhou
- Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics
- Beijing
- P. R. China
| | - Yan-Geng Zhang
- Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics
- Beijing
- P. R. China
| | - Jian-Feng Lou
- Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics
- Beijing
- P. R. China
| | - Hua-Jie Song
- Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics
- Beijing
- P. R. China
| | - Feng-Lei Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology
- Beijing Institute of Technology
- Beijing
- P. R. China
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36
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Jensen TL, Moxnes JF, Unneberg E, Dullum O. Calculation of Decomposition Products from Components of Gunpowder by using ReaxFF Reactive Force Field Molecular Dynamics and Thermodynamic Calculations of Equilibrium Composition. PROPELLANTS EXPLOSIVES PYROTECHNICS 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/prep.201300198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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37
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Rahnamoun A, van Duin ACT. Reactive molecular dynamics simulation on the disintegration of Kapton, POSS polyimide, amorphous silica, and teflon during atomic oxygen impact using the ReaxFF reactive force-field method. J Phys Chem A 2014; 118:2780-7. [PMID: 24679339 DOI: 10.1021/jp4121029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Atomic oxygen (AO) is the most abundant element in the low Earth orbit (LEO). It is the result of the dissociation of molecular oxygen by ultraviolet radiation from the sun. In the LEO, it collides with the materials used on spacecraft surfaces and causes degradation of these materials. The degradation of the materials on the surface of spacecrafts at LEO has been a significant problem for a long time. Kapton polyimide, polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS), silica, and Teflon are the materials extensively used in spacecraft industry, and like many other materials used in spacecraft industry, AO collision degradation is an important issue in their applications on spacecrafts. To investigate the surface chemistry of these materials in exposure to space AO, a computational chemical evaluation of the Kapton polyimide, POSS, amorphous silica, and Teflon was performed in separate simulations under similar conditions. For performing these simulations, the ReaxFF reactive force-field program was used, which provides the computational speed required to perform molecular dynamics (MD) simulations on system sizes sufficiently large to describe the full chemistry of the reactions. Using these simulations, the effects of AO impact on different materials and the role of impact energies, the content of material, and temperature of material on the behavior of the materials are studied. The ReaxFF results indicate that Kapton is less resistant than Teflon toward AO damage. These results are in good agreement with experiment. These simulations indicate that the amorphous silica shows the highest stability among these materials before the start of the highly exothermic silicon oxidation. We have verified that adding silicon to the bulk of the Kapton structure enhances the stability of the Kapton against AO impact. Our canonical MD simulations demonstrate that an increase in the heat transfer in materials during AO impact can provide a considerable decrease in the disintegration of the material. This effect is especially relevant in silica AO collision. Considerable experimental efforts have been undertaken to minimize such AO-based degradations. As our simulations demonstrate, ReaxFF can provide a cost-effective screening tool for future material optimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Rahnamoun
- Department of Mechanical and Nuclear Engineering, Pennsylvania State University , 136 Research Building East, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
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38
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Shan TR, van Duin ACT, Thompson AP. Development of a ReaxFF reactive force field for ammonium nitrate and application to shock compression and thermal decomposition. J Phys Chem A 2014; 118:1469-78. [PMID: 24479769 DOI: 10.1021/jp408397n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We have developed a new ReaxFF reactive force field parametrization for ammonium nitrate. Starting with an existing nitramine/TATB ReaxFF parametrization, we optimized it to reproduce electronic structure calculations for dissociation barriers, heats of formation, and crystal structure properties of ammonium nitrate phases. We have used it to predict the isothermal pressure-volume curve and the unreacted principal Hugoniot states. The predicted isothermal pressure-volume curve for phase IV solid ammonium nitrate agreed with electronic structure calculations and experimental data within 10% error for the considered range of compression. The predicted unreacted principal Hugoniot states were approximately 17% stiffer than experimental measurements. We then simulated thermal decomposition during heating to 2500 K. Thermal decomposition pathways agreed with experimental findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Ray Shan
- Sandia National Laboratories , Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185, United States
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39
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Zhou T, Song H, Liu Y, Huang F. Shock initiated thermal and chemical responses of HMX crystal from ReaxFF molecular dynamics simulation. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2014; 16:13914-31. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cp00890a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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40
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Taylor DE, Rice BM. Quantum-Informed Multiscale M&S for Energetic Materials. ADVANCES IN QUANTUM CHEMISTRY 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-800345-9.00005-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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41
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Ding J, He G, Zhang L. Detailed Temperature‐dependent Study of n‐Heptane Pyrolysis at High Temperature. CHINESE J CHEM PHYS 2013. [DOI: 10.1063/1674-0068/26/03/329-336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
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42
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Asthana A, Wheeler DR. A polarizable reactive force field for water to enable molecular dynamics simulations of proton transport. J Chem Phys 2013; 138:174502. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4798457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
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43
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Ding J, Zhang L, Zhang Y, Han KL. A Reactive Molecular Dynamics Study of n-Heptane Pyrolysis at High Temperature. J Phys Chem A 2013; 117:3266-78. [DOI: 10.1021/jp311498u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Junxia Ding
- State Key
Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics
and Center for Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Dalian Institute
of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Dalian 116023, P.R. China
| | - Liang Zhang
- State Key
Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics
and Center for Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Dalian Institute
of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Dalian 116023, P.R. China
| | - Yan Zhang
- State Key
Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics
and Center for Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Dalian Institute
of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Dalian 116023, P.R. China
| | - Ke-Li Han
- State Key
Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics
and Center for Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Dalian Institute
of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Dalian 116023, P.R. China
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44
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45
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Ball R. Thermal Oscillations in the Decomposition of Organic Peroxides: Identification of a Hazard, Utilization, and Suppression. Ind Eng Chem Res 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/ie301070d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rowena Ball
- College of Physical and
Mathematical Sciences, The Australian National University, Canberra ACT 0200,
Australia
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46
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Fitzgerald M, Bilusich D. The identification of chlorinated acetones in analyses of aged triacetone triperoxide (TATP). J Forensic Sci 2012; 57:1299-302. [PMID: 22881036 DOI: 10.1111/j.1556-4029.2012.02239.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2011] [Revised: 06/15/2011] [Accepted: 06/26/2011] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The organic peroxide explosive triacetone triperoxide (TATP) is regularly encountered by law enforcement agents in various stages of its production, storage, or usage. In a previous study, it has been demonstrated that isolated, rigorously purified, TATP may degrade to form a series of chlorinated acetones when directly treated with excess concentrated hydrochloric acid. The current study extends this work to examine whether this phenomenon may be measured during the more feasible scenario of aging of rudimentarily purified TATP contaminated with trace reaction mixture. It was demonstrated that solid-phase microextraction gas chromatography/mass spectrometry analyses of aged TATP that was synthesized utilizing hydrochloric acid catalyst may identify the presence of the degradation products chloroacetone and 1,1-dichloroacetone. Upon aging of TATP synthesized utilizing either sulfuric or nitric acid catalyst, no acid specific degradation products could be identified. These findings may be exploited by forensic chemists in the analyses of TATP samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Fitzgerald
- Weapons Systems Division, Defence Science and Technology Organisation, Edinburgh, SA, Australia.
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47
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Liu L, Jaramillo-Botero A, Goddard WA, Sun H. Development of a ReaxFF Reactive Force Field for Ettringite and Study of its Mechanical Failure Modes from Reactive Dynamics Simulations. J Phys Chem A 2012; 116:3918-25. [DOI: 10.1021/jp210135j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lianchi Liu
- Computational Chemistry
Group,
School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Min Hang,
Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Andres Jaramillo-Botero
- Materials and Process Simulation
Center (MC 139-74), Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Division, California Institute of Technology, 1200 East California
Boulevard, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - William A. Goddard
- Materials and Process Simulation
Center (MC 139-74), Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Division, California Institute of Technology, 1200 East California
Boulevard, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Huai Sun
- Computational Chemistry
Group,
School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Min Hang,
Shanghai 200240, China
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48
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Farah K, Müller-Plathe F, Böhm MC. Classical Reactive Molecular Dynamics Implementations: State of the Art. Chemphyschem 2012; 13:1127-51. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201100681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2011] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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49
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Am-Shallem M, Zeiri Y, Zybin SV, Kosloff R. Molecular dynamics simulations of weak detonations. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2011; 84:061122. [PMID: 22304055 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.84.061122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2011] [Revised: 10/31/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Detonation of a three-dimensional reactive nonisotropic molecular crystal is modeled using molecular dynamics simulations. The detonation process is initiated by an impulse, followed by the creation of a stable fast reactive shock wave. The terminal shock velocity is independent of the initiation conditions. Further analysis shows supersonic propagation decoupled from the dynamics of the decomposed material left behind the shock front. The dependence of the shock velocity on crystal nonlinear compressibility resembles solitary behavior. These properties categorize the phenomena as a weak detonation. The dependence of the detonation wave on microscopic potential parameters was investigated. An increase in detonation velocity with the reaction exothermicity reaching a saturation value is observed. In all other respects the model crystal exhibits typical properties of a molecular crystal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morag Am-Shallem
- Fritz Haber Research Center, Hebrew University, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
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50
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Liu L, Liu Y, Zybin SV, Sun H, Goddard WA. ReaxFF-lg: Correction of the ReaxFF Reactive Force Field for London Dispersion, with Applications to the Equations of State for Energetic Materials. J Phys Chem A 2011; 115:11016-22. [DOI: 10.1021/jp201599t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 306] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lianchi Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
- Materials and Process Simulation Center, 139-74, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Yi Liu
- Materials and Process Simulation Center, 139-74, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Sergey V. Zybin
- Materials and Process Simulation Center, 139-74, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Huai Sun
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - William A. Goddard
- Materials and Process Simulation Center, 139-74, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
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