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Yan T, Lang S, Liu S, Wang S, Lin S, Cai Q, Zhao J. Strong interactions through the highly polar "Early-Late" metal-metal bonds enable single-atom catalysts good durability and superior bifunctional ORR/OER activity. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 669:32-42. [PMID: 38703580 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2024.04.161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
Simultaneously enhancing the durability and catalytic performance of metal-nitrogen-carbon (M-Nx-C) single-atom catalysts is critical to boost oxygen electrocatalysis for energy conversion and storage, yet it remains a grand challenge. Herein, through the combination of early and late metals, we proposed to enhance the stability and tune the catalytic activity of M-Nx-C SACs in oxygen electrocatalysis by their strong interaction with the M2'C-type MXene substrate. Our density functional theory (DFT) computations revealed that the strong interaction between "early-late" metal-metal bonds significantly improves thermal and electrochemical stability. Due to considerable charge transfer and shift of the d-band center, the electronic properties of these SACs can be extensively modified, thereby optimizing their adsorption strength with oxygenated intermediates and achieving eight promising bifunctional catalysts for ORR/OER with low overpotentials. More importantly, the constant-potential analysis demonstrated the excellent bifunctional activity of SACs supported on MXene substrate across a broad pH range, especially in strongly alkaline media with record-low overpotentials. Further machine learning analysis shows that the d-band center, the charge of the active site, and the work function of the formed heterojunctions are critical to revealing the ORR/OER activity origin. Our results underscore the vast potential of strong interactions between different metal species in enhancing the durability and catalytic performance of SACs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingyu Yan
- Key Laboratory for Photonic and Electronic Bandgap Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Harbin Normal University, Harbin 150025, PR China
| | - Simone Lang
- Division of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Woman's University, Denton, TX 76204, USA
| | - Song Liu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, PR China
| | - Siyao Wang
- School of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Harbin Normal University Harbin, 150025 PR China
| | - Shiru Lin
- Division of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Woman's University, Denton, TX 76204, USA.
| | - Qinghai Cai
- Key Laboratory for Photonic and Electronic Bandgap Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Harbin Normal University, Harbin 150025, PR China
| | - Jingxiang Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Photonic and Electronic Bandgap Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Harbin Normal University, Harbin 150025, PR China.
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2
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Isobe M, Abe F, Takagi S, Kanai K. Synthesis and Characterization of Octacyano-Cu-Phthalocyanine. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:32133-32143. [PMID: 39072072 PMCID: PMC11270545 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.4c04292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2024] [Revised: 06/27/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
Octacyano-metal-substituted phthalocyanine MPc(CN)8 is a promising n-type stable organic semiconductor material with eight cyano groups, including a strong electron-withdrawing group at its molecular terminals. However, most MPc(CN)8 have not been thoroughly investigated. Therefore, CuPc(CN)8 was synthesized in this study and its crystal structure, chemical and electronic states, thermal stability, and electrical properties were investigated. This article discusses the various properties of CuPc(CN)8, as compared to those of CuPc and FePc(CN)8. The previously reported FePc(CN)8 is an organic semiconductor molecule with a molecular structure similar to that of CuPc(CN)8. X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurements revealed that CuPc(CN)8 has a crystalline structure in the P1̅ space group. The crystal structure forms an in-plane network parallel to the molecular plane through multiple hydrogen bonds by the cyano groups at the molecular terminals. Interestingly, the crystal structure, especially the molecular stacking, of CuPc(CN)8 differs from that of FePc(CN)8. The absorption edge observed in the ultraviolet-visible spectrum of CuPc(CN)8 shifted to a longer wavelength than that of CuPc, which was attributed to the energy gap of CuPc(CN)8 being smaller than that of CuPc owing to the influence of the cyano groups at the molecular terminals, according to the molecular orbital calculation results using density functional theory. Ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy measurements confirmed that CuPc(CN)8 had a stronger n-type character than CuPc because of the orbital energy stabilization by the cyano groups. Thermogravimetry/differential thermal analysis measurements revealed that the thermal stability of CuPc(CN)8 was significantly higher than that of FePc(CN)8. CuPc(CN)8 exhibited photoconduction upon visible-light irradiation, and its electrical conductivity was higher than that of CuPc, which was attributed to a reduction in the electron injection barrier at the electrode interfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Momoka Isobe
- Department of Physics and
Astronomy, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda 278-8510, Chiba, Japan
| | - Fumiya Abe
- Department of Physics and
Astronomy, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda 278-8510, Chiba, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Takagi
- Department of Physics and
Astronomy, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda 278-8510, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kaname Kanai
- Department of Physics and
Astronomy, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda 278-8510, Chiba, Japan
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3
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Zhang T, Jiang Z, Rappe AM. Hydrogenation of Covalent Organic Framework Induces Conjugated π Bonds and Electronic Topological Transition to Enhance Hydrogen Evolution Catalysis. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:15488-15495. [PMID: 38776284 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c03973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2024]
Abstract
Recently, many topological materials have been discovered as promising electrocatalysts in chemical conversion processes and energy storage. However, it remains unclear how the topological electronic states specifically modulate the catalytic reaction. Here, the two-dimensional metal phthalocyanine-based covalent organic framework (MPc-COF) is studied by ab initio thermodynamic calculations to clearly reveal the promotional effect on the electrochemical hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) induced by topological gapless bands (TGBs). We find that the prehydrogenated (and fluorinated) H4CdPc-COF(F) shows the best HER performance, with 0.016 V (near zero) overpotential. By tracking changes to the electronic structure and free energy as the prehydrogenation and HER processes occur, we are able to separately attribute the high HER efficiency in part due to the increase of the electron bath by donating electrons to the conjugated π bonds and also to the existence of TGBs. Specifically, the significant catalytic promotion by TGBs is proven to decrease the free energy by 0.218 eV to near zero. When the TGBs are destroyed, e.g., by replacing N with P and opening a band gap, the HER efficiency is reduced. This study opens avenues for deterministically harnessing topological band features to improve electrocatalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tan Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
| | - Zhen Jiang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
| | - Andrew M Rappe
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
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4
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Zhang Z, Jia C, Ma P, Feng C, Yang J, Huang J, Zheng J, Zuo M, Liu M, Zhou S, Zeng J. Distance effect of single atoms on stability of cobalt oxide catalysts for acidic oxygen evolution. Nat Commun 2024; 15:1767. [PMID: 38409177 PMCID: PMC10897172 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46176-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Developing efficient and economical electrocatalysts for acidic oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is essential for proton exchange membrane water electrolyzers (PEMWE). Cobalt oxides are considered promising non-precious OER catalysts due to their high activities. However, the severe dissolution of Co atoms in acid media leads to the collapse of crystal structure, which impedes their application in PEMWE. Here, we report that introducing acid-resistant Ir single atoms into the lattice of spinel cobalt oxides can significantly suppress the Co dissolution and keep them highly stable during the acidic OER process. Combining theoretical and experimental studies, we reveal that the stabilizing effect induced by Ir heteroatoms exhibits a strong dependence on the distance of adjacent Ir single atoms, where the OER stability of cobalt oxides continuously improves with decreasing the distance. When the distance reduces to about 0.6 nm, the spinel cobalt oxides present no obvious degradation over a 60-h stability test for acidic OER, suggesting potential for practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhirong Zhang
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Key Laboratory of Strongly-Coupled Quantum Matter Physics of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Key Laboratory of Surface and Interface Chemistry and Energy Catalysis of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, PR China
| | - Chuanyi Jia
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Computational Nano-Material Science, Institute of Applied Physics, Guizhou Education University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550018, PR China
| | - Peiyu Ma
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, PR China
| | - Chen Feng
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Key Laboratory of Strongly-Coupled Quantum Matter Physics of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Key Laboratory of Surface and Interface Chemistry and Energy Catalysis of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, PR China
| | - Jin Yang
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Key Laboratory of Strongly-Coupled Quantum Matter Physics of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Key Laboratory of Surface and Interface Chemistry and Energy Catalysis of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, PR China
| | - Junming Huang
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Key Laboratory of Strongly-Coupled Quantum Matter Physics of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Key Laboratory of Surface and Interface Chemistry and Energy Catalysis of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, PR China
| | - Jiana Zheng
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Key Laboratory of Strongly-Coupled Quantum Matter Physics of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Key Laboratory of Surface and Interface Chemistry and Energy Catalysis of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, PR China
| | - Ming Zuo
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Key Laboratory of Strongly-Coupled Quantum Matter Physics of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Key Laboratory of Surface and Interface Chemistry and Energy Catalysis of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, PR China
| | - Mingkai Liu
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Anhui University of Technology, Ma'anshan, Anhui, 243002, PR China
| | - Shiming Zhou
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Key Laboratory of Strongly-Coupled Quantum Matter Physics of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Key Laboratory of Surface and Interface Chemistry and Energy Catalysis of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, PR China.
| | - Jie Zeng
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Key Laboratory of Strongly-Coupled Quantum Matter Physics of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Key Laboratory of Surface and Interface Chemistry and Energy Catalysis of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, PR China.
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Anhui University of Technology, Ma'anshan, Anhui, 243002, PR China.
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5
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Maibam A, Orhan IB, Krishnamurty S, Russo SP, Babarao R. Surface Electronic Properties-Driven Electrocatalytic Nitrogen Reduction on Metal-Conjugated Porphyrin 2D-MOFs. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:8707-8716. [PMID: 38346080 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c16406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) metal organic framework (MOF) or metalloporphyrin nanosheets with a stable metal-N4 complex unit present the metal as a single-atom catalyst dispersed in the 2D porphyrin framework. First-principles calculations on the 3d-transition metals in M-TCPP are investigated in this study for their surface-dependent electronic properties including work function and d-band center. Crystal orbital Hamiltonian population (-pCOHP) analysis highlights a higher contribution of the bonding state in the M-N bond and antibonding state in the N-N bond to be essential for N-N bond activation. A linear relationship between ΔGmax and surface electronic properties, N-N bond strength, and Bader charge has been found to influence the rate-determining potential for nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR) in M-TCPP MOFs. 2D Ti-TCPP MOF, with a kinetic energy barrier of 1.43 eV in the final protonation step of enzymatic NRR, shows exclusive NRR selectivity over competing hydrogen reduction (HER) and nitrogenous compounds (NO and NO2). Thus, Ti-TCPP MOF with an NRR limiting potential of -0.35 V in water solvent is proposed as an attractive candidate for electrocatalytic NRR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashakiran Maibam
- Physical and Materials Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune 411 008, India
- School of Science, Centre for Advanced Materials and Industrial Chemistry (CAMIC), RMIT University, Melbourne 3001, Victoria, Australia
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Ibrahim B Orhan
- School of Science, Centre for Advanced Materials and Industrial Chemistry (CAMIC), RMIT University, Melbourne 3001, Victoria, Australia
- CSIRO, Normanby Road, Clayton 3168, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sailaja Krishnamurty
- Physical and Materials Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune 411 008, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Salvy P Russo
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Green Electrochemical Transformation of Carbon Dioxide, School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne 3000, Australia
| | - Ravichandar Babarao
- School of Science, Centre for Advanced Materials and Industrial Chemistry (CAMIC), RMIT University, Melbourne 3001, Victoria, Australia
- CSIRO, Normanby Road, Clayton 3168, Victoria, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Green Electrochemical Transformation of Carbon Dioxide, School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne 3000, Australia
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6
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Wang R, Zheng JC. ZnO monolayer-supported single atom catalysts for efficient electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:5848-5857. [PMID: 38299693 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp05241a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
Hydrogen is identified as one of the most promising sustainable and clean energy sources. The development of a hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) catalyst with high activity is essential to meet future needs. Considering the novel advantages of two-dimensional materials and the high catalytic activity of atomic transition metals, in this study, using density functional theory calculations, the HER on a single transition metal (10 different TM atoms) adsorbed and doped ZnO monolayer (ZnO-m) has been investigated. The Volmer-Tafel reaction mechanisms and strain engineering of the three best HER catalysts are also discussed. The results show that Pt@ZnO-m, Co-doped ZnO-m and Ir-doped ZnO-m with high stability all have a smaller absolute H adsorption free energy than Pt, and the optimal value of Pt@ZnO-m is -0.017 eV. The calculation of the reaction energy barriers shows that the Volmer-Tafel step is favorable. Co@ZnO-m and Ir@ZnO-m have high HER activity, the widest pH range, and acid-alkali resistance. Pt@ZnO-m and Co-doped ZnO-m maintain excellent HER performances in the strain range of -4% to 4%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongzhi Wang
- Department of Physics, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China.
| | - Jin-Cheng Zheng
- Department of Physics, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China.
- Department of Physics and Department of New Energy Science and Engineering, Xiamen University Malaysia, Sepang 43900, Malaysia
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7
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Yang H, Du Z, Yang Y, Wu Q, Ma C, Su H, Wang X, Zeng D. Ce-Ag Active Bimetallic Pairs in Two-Dimensional SnS 2 for Enhancing NO 2 Sensing. ACS Sens 2024; 9:283-291. [PMID: 38215040 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.3c01924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2024]
Abstract
Developing gas sensors capable of efficiently detecting harmful gases is urgent to protect the human environment. Here, an active Ce-Ag bimetallic pair was innovatively introduced into SnS2, which successfully exhibited excellent NO2 gas sensing performance. 0.8% Ce-SnS2-Ag showed a gas sensing response of 5.18 to 1 ppm of NO2 at a low temperature of 80 °C, with a lower limit of detection as low as 100 ppb. DFT calculations revealed that Ce atoms are substituted into the main lattice of SnS2, which opens up the interlayer spacing and serves as an anchor point to fix the Ag atoms in the interlayer. The Ce-Ag bimetallic pairs successfully modulate the electronic structure of SnS2, which promotes the adsorption and charge transfer between NO2 and Ce-SnS2-Ag and thus achieves such an outstanding gas sensing performance. This work opens an avenue for the rational functional modification of SnS2 with an optimized electronic structure and enhanced gas sensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huimin Yang
- The State Key Laboratory of Materials and Processing Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenming Du
- The State Key Laboratory of Materials and Processing Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - Yazhou Yang
- The State Key Laboratory of Materials and Processing Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - Qirui Wu
- The State Key Laboratory of Materials and Processing Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - Chaofan Ma
- The State Key Laboratory of Materials and Processing Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - Huiyu Su
- The State Key Laboratory of Materials and Processing Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoxia Wang
- The State Key Laboratory of Materials and Processing Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - Dawen Zeng
- The State Key Laboratory of Materials and Processing Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China
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8
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Zhao Y, Lei Z, Wang Y, Yan W, Tan R, Jing T, Sun Q. Theoretical prediction of two-dimensional ferromagnetic Mn 2X 2 (X = As, Sb) with strain-controlled magnetocrystalline anisotropy. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:2324-2331. [PMID: 38165825 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp03691j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2024]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) magnetic materials with large and tunable magnetocrystalline anisotropy (MCA) provide unique opportunities to develop various spintronic devices. We, herein, propose an experimentally feasible 2D material platform, Mn2X2 (X = As, Sb), which is a family of intrinsic ferromagnet. Using first-principles calculations, we show that 2D Mn2X2 (X = As, Sb) with a robust ferromagnetic ground state exhibits not only a large perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA), but also significant strain-driven modulation behaviors under external biaxial strain. The analysis of the results demonstrates that the dominant contribution to the change of MCA of Mn2As2 and Mn2Sb2 primarily arises from the Mn and Sb atoms, respectively. Moreover, we reveal that the underlying origin is the competitive mechanism for the spin-orbit coupling (SOC) between different orbitals and spin channels. These findings indicate that 2D Mn2X2 (X = As, Sb) provides a promising material platform for the next generation of ultra-low energy memory devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhao
- School of Science, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan, Shandong 250101, China.
| | - Zesen Lei
- School of Science, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan, Shandong 250101, China.
| | - Yonghao Wang
- School of Science, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan, Shandong 250101, China.
| | - Wei Yan
- School of Science, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan, Shandong 250101, China.
| | - Ruishan Tan
- School of Science, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan, Shandong 250101, China.
| | - Tao Jing
- College of Science, Kaili University, Kaili, Guizhou 556011, China
| | - Qilong Sun
- School of Science, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan, Shandong 250101, China.
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9
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Hu L, Wang F, Jing Y. High Catalytic Activity of Co-centered 2D Metal Organic Frameworks toward Bifunctional Oxygen Evolution and Reduction Reactions: Rationalized by Spin Polarization Effect. J Phys Chem Lett 2023; 14:11429-11437. [PMID: 38085676 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c02752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2023]
Abstract
CoX4 (X = NH, S, and O) motifs have demonstrated their high catalytic activity in the platforms of metal organic frameworks (MOFs), however, the underlying reason is still unrevealed. Herein, we propose monolayers constructed by linking TMNxO4-x motifs (TM = Fe, Co, Ni, Cu) with trioxotriangulenes (TOTs) as suitable models to clarify the structure-property-performance relationship of 2D MOFs for the oxygen evolution/reduction reaction (OER/ORR). The highly robust catalytic activity of CoNxO4-x for both the OER and the ORR has been confirmed, even surpassing that of most previously reported 2D MOFs and SACs. This activity is attributed to the moderate interaction between Co and the key intermediate species, which can be modulated by the coordinating atoms. We reveal spin momentum as a reliable activity descriptor in rationalizing the OER/ORR activity, which can be extended to many other 2D MOFs. The elucidated structure-activity relationship is significant for the development of effective bifunctional OER/ORR electrocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Hu
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Centre of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Feifan Wang
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Centre of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Yu Jing
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Centre of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
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10
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Xie J, Wu D, Liao Y, Cao X, Zhou S. Charge doping and electric field tunable ferromagnetism and Curie temperature of the MnS 2 monolayer. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 26:267-277. [PMID: 38059372 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp04382g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional ferromagnets with a long-range ferromagnetic ordering at finite temperature present a bright prospect for their potential applications in nanoscale spintronic devices. The tuning of their intrinsic ferromagnetism and Curie temperature is essential for the development of next-generation data storage and spintronic devices. In this work, the electronic structures, ferromagnetism and Curie temperature of two-dimensional MnS2 monolayer are controlled by charge doping and electric field using first principles calculations. The results show that the dynamic and thermal stability of monolayer MnS2 for all of the cases can be still maintained. Moreover, there is no existence of phase transition and all MnS2 monolayers at any charge doping concentrations and electric field intensities favor ferromagnetic coupling. For the manipulation of electron doping, the calculated total magnetic moment Mtot of the MnS2 monolayer exhibits an increase from 3.112 to 3.491μB per unit cell. Further analysis indicates that a transition from half-metal to metal occurs by introducing the charge doping and vertical electric field, and the Mn 3d electronic states are the major determinants of ferromagnetism. Additionally, the charge doping enables the magnetic anisotropy energy to transform from an in-plane easy axis to the magnetization direction out of the plane. The Curie temperature Tc of the MnS2 monolayer can be moderately enhanced above room temperature by hole doping and application of a vertical electric field. Remarkably, Tc reaches its peak at 767 K at a hole doping concentration of -0.8e. This work enriches the microscopic understanding of the tuning mechanism of ferromagnetism and supplies a sound theoretical basis for subsequent experimental studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Xie
- College of Physics and Electronic Science, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550001, China.
| | - Dongni Wu
- College of Physics and Electronic Science, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550001, China.
| | - Yangfang Liao
- College of Physics and Electronic Science, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550001, China.
| | - Xiaolong Cao
- College of Physics and Electronic Science, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550001, China.
| | - Shiyou Zhou
- College of Physics and Electronic Science, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550001, China.
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11
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Zhang Y, Zhang X, Jiao L, Meng Z, Jiang HL. Conductive Covalent Organic Frameworks of Polymetallophthalocyanines as a Tunable Platform for Electrocatalysis. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:24230-24239. [PMID: 37890005 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c08594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
Developing an electrocatalyst platform that can control the interplay among activity, selectivity, and stability at atomic precision remains a grand challenge. Here, we have synthesized highly crystalline polymetallophthalocyanines (pMPcs, M = Fe, Co, Ni, and Cu) through the annulation of tetracyanobenzene in the presence of transition metals. The conjugated, conductive, and stable backbones with precisely installed metal sites render pMPcs a unique platform in electrochemical catalysis, where tunability emerges from long-range interactions. The construction of pCoNiPc with a Co and Ni dual-site integrates the advantageous features of pCoPc and pNiPc in electrocatalytic CO2 reduction through electronic communication of the dual-site with an unprecedented long atomic separation of ≥14 chemical bonds. This integration provides excellent activity (current density, j = -16.0 and -100 mA cm-2 in H-type and flow cell, respectively), selectivity (CO Faraday efficiency, FECO = 94%), and stability (>10 h), making it one of the best-performing reticular materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhang
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiyuan Zhang
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - Long Jiao
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Energy, Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, Hefei, Anhui 230031, People's Republic of China
| | - Zheng Meng
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - Hai-Long Jiang
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Energy, Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, Hefei, Anhui 230031, People's Republic of China
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12
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Isobe M, Nakayama S, Takagi S, Araki K, Kanai K. Synthesis and Characterization of Octacyano-Fe-Phthalocyanine. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:27264-27275. [PMID: 37546620 PMCID: PMC10399171 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c02638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Octacyano-metal-phthalocyanine MPc(CN)8 is a promising n-type stable organic semiconductor material with eight cyano groups, including a strong electron-withdrawing group at its molecular terminals. However, a thorough investigation of MPc(CN)8 has not yet been conducted. Therefore, we synthesized FePc(CN)8 and investigated its crystal structure, chemical and electronic states, electrical properties, photocatalytic activity, and magnetic properties. In this paper, we discuss the various properties of MPc(CN)8 in comparison with those of FePc. X-ray diffraction measurements indicated that the crystal structure of FePc(CN)8 was strongly influenced by the cyano groups and differed from the α- and β-forms of FePc. The space group P4/mcc structure of FePc(CN)8 was similar to that of the x-form of LiPc. The ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) absorption spectrum of FePc(CN)8 was observed at wavelengths longer than that of FePc. Density functional theory-based molecular orbital calculations indicated that the energy gap of FePc(CN)8 is smaller than that of FePc, which can lead to the observation of the Q-band in the UV-vis absorption spectrum of FePc(CN)8 at longer wavelengths than that of FePc. Because FePc(CN)8 has a wider optical absorption band in the visible region than FePc, its photocatalytic activity is approximately four times higher than that of FePc. The conductivity of FePc(CN)8 was also higher than that of FePc, which is due to the larger overlap of π-electron clouds of the molecules in the crystal structure of FePc(CN)8. Magnetic measurements revealed that FePc(CN)8 exists in an antiferromagnetic ground state. The magnetic properties of FePc(CN)8 are specific to its crystal structure, with direct exchange interactions between Fe2+ ions and π-electron-mediated interactions. In particular, the Pauli paramagnetic behavior at high temperatures and the antiferromagnetic behavior at low temperatures (Weiss temperature θ = -4.3 ± 0.1 K) are characteristic of the π-d system.
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13
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Du Z, Deng K, Kan E, Zhan C. Exploring the catalytic activity of graphene-based TM-N xC 4-x single atom catalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction via density functional theory calculation. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:13913-13922. [PMID: 37184027 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp01168b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) are extremely crucial for advanced energy conversion technologies, such as fuel cell batteries. A promising ORR catalyst usually should have low overpotentials, rich catalytic sites and low cost. In the past decade, single-atom catalyst (SAC) TM-N4 (TM = Fe, Co, etc.) embedded graphene matrixes have been widely studied for their promising performance and low cost for ORR catalysis, but the effect of coordination on the ORR activity is not fully understood. In this work, we will employ density functional theory (DFT) calculations to systematically investigate the ORR activity of 40 different 3d transition metal single-atom catalysts (SACs) supported on nitrogen-doped graphene supports, ranging from vanadium to zinc. Five different nitrogen coordination configurations (TM-NxC4-x with x = 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4) were studied to reveal how C/N substitution affects the ORR activity. By looking at the stability, free energy diagram, overpotential, and scaling relationship, our calculation showed that partial C substitution can effectively improve the ORR performance of Mn, Co, Ni, and Zn-based SACs. The volcano plot obtained from the scaling relationship indicated that the substitution of N by C could distinctively affect the potential-limiting step in the ORR, which leads to the enhanced or weakened ORR performance. Density of states and d-band center analysis suggested that this coordination-tuned ORR activity can be explained by the shift of the d-band center due to the coordination effect. Finally, four candidates with optimal ORR activity and dynamic stability were proposed from the pool: NiC4, CoNC3, CrN4, and ZnN3C. Our work provides a feasible designing strategy to improve the ORR activity of graphene-based TM-N4 SACs by tuning the coordination environment, which may have potential implication in the high-performance fuel cell development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengwei Du
- Department of Applied Physics, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China.
| | - Kaiming Deng
- Department of Applied Physics, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China.
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Microstructure and Quantum Sensing, P. R. China
| | - Erjun Kan
- Department of Applied Physics, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China.
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Microstructure and Quantum Sensing, P. R. China
| | - Cheng Zhan
- Department of Applied Physics, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China.
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Microstructure and Quantum Sensing, P. R. China
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14
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Zhang L, Tang C, Sanvito S, Du A. Highly degenerate 2D ferroelectricity in pore decorated covalent/metal organic frameworks. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2023. [PMID: 37093015 DOI: 10.1039/d3mh00256j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) ferroelectricity, a fundamental concept in low-dimensional physics, serves as the basis of non-volatile information storage and various electronic devices. Conventional 2D ferroelectric (FE) materials are usually two-fold degenerate, meaning that they can only store two logical states. In order to break such limitation, a new concept of highly degenerate ferroelectricity with multiple FE states (more than 2) coexisting in a single 2D material is proposed. This is obtained through the asymmetrical decoration of porous covalent/metal organic frameworks (COFs/MOFs). Using first-principles calculations and Monte Carlo (MC) simulations, Li-decorated 2D Cr(pyz)2 is systematically explored as a prototype of highly degenerate 2D FE materials. We show that 2D FE Li0.5Cr(pyz)2 and LiCr(pyz)2 are four-fold and eight-fold degenerate, respectively, with sizable spontaneous electric polarization that can be switched across low transition barriers. In particular, the coupling between neighbouring electric dipoles in LiCr(pyz)2 induces novel ferroelectricity-controlled ferroelastic transition and direction-controllable hole transport channels. Moreover, three-fold and six-fold degenerate ferroelectricity is also demonstrated in P-decorated g-C3N4 and Ru-decorated C2N, respectively. Our work presents a general route to obtain highly degenerate 2D ferroelectricity, which goes beyond the two-state paradigm of traditional 2D FE materials and substantially broadens the applications of 2D FE compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Physics, Queensland University of Technology, Gardens Point Campus, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia.
- Centre for Materials Science, Queensland University of Technology, Gardens Point Campus, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
| | - Cheng Tang
- School of Chemistry and Physics, Queensland University of Technology, Gardens Point Campus, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia.
- Centre for Materials Science, Queensland University of Technology, Gardens Point Campus, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
| | - Stefano Sanvito
- School of Physics and CRANN Institute, Trinity College, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Aijun Du
- School of Chemistry and Physics, Queensland University of Technology, Gardens Point Campus, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia.
- Centre for Materials Science, Queensland University of Technology, Gardens Point Campus, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
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15
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Ai F, Wang J. Insights into the Electrochemical Production of Hydrogen Peroxide over Single-Atom Co-N-C Catalysts with the Introduction of Carbon Vacancy Defect near the Co-N 4 Site. J Phys Chem Lett 2023; 14:3658-3668. [PMID: 37029931 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c00044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
With the introduction of carbon divacancy, trivacancy, and tetravacancy defects near the Co-N4 site, we have explored the 2e- ORR activity at the Co-N4 site from the perspective of spatial structure and the atomic orbital by DFT calculations. We demonstrate the hybridization strength between Co 3dyz (3dxz) and O 2py (2px) orbitals is the origin of 2e- ORR activity at the Co-N4 site and the hybridization strength relates to the height of the Co 3d projected orbital in the Z direction. The bond length (LCo-O, LO-O), the charge transfer from the Co site to the *OOH adsorbate (ΔQCo-O), the d-band center of the Co site (εd), and the ICOHP value between Co 3d and O 2p orbitals as descriptors can well predict the 2e- ORR activity at the Co-N4 site. This work provides original insights into the 2e- ORR activity over the single-atom Co-N-C catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Ai
- The Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Jike Wang
- The Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
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16
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Gorai DK, Kuila SK, Oraon A, Kumar A, Suthar M, Mitra R, Biswas K, Roy PK, Ahmad MI, Kundu TK. A facile and green synthesis of Mn and P functionalized graphitic carbon nitride nanosheets for spintronics devices and enhanced photocatalytic performance under visible-light. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 644:397-414. [PMID: 37126890 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.04.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 03/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Manganese and phosphorus co-doped, graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) nanosheet (Mn/P-g-C3N4) is prepared by facile and green calcination process of melamine (C3H6N6), manganese chloride tetrahydrate (MnCl2·4H2O), and ammonium dihydrogen phosphate ((NH4)H2PO4). The Mn/P co-doping significantly enhances magnetic values compared to pristine-g-C3N4, phosphorus-doped g-C3N4 (P-g-C3N4), and manganese-doped g-C3N4 (Mn-g-C3N4). We find that Mn/P-g-C3N4 is a half-metallic ferromagnetic material having a magnetic moment and Curie temperature of 4.51 μB and ∼ 800 K, respectively. The ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) absorption spectrum of Mn/P-g-C3N4 reveals superior absorption in broader wavelength compared to pristine-g-C3N4, P-g-C3N4, and Mn-g-C3N4. The methyl orange degradation efficiency of Mn/P-g-C3N4 photocatalyst is 94 %, which is three times more than that of pristine-g-C3N4 (29 %) and more significant than the P-g-C3N4 (46 %) and Mn-g-C3N4 (58 %). Furthermore, density functional theory (DFT) calculation explains the origin of high magnetic behavior, the boosted photocatalytic efficiency of Mn/P-g-C3N4, and the essential material properties like structure, bandgap, the density of states (DOS), and atomic level interaction. This work may be helpful for reasonably designing ferromagnetic material for spintronics devices and boosting visible-light (VL) photocatalytic performance for environmental remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepak Kumar Gorai
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, West Bengal 721302, India.
| | - Saikat Kumar Kuila
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, West Bengal 721302, India
| | - Akash Oraon
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, West Bengal 721302, India
| | - Anurag Kumar
- Department of Ceramic Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi, U.P. 221005, India
| | - Mukesh Suthar
- Department of Ceramic Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi, U.P. 221005, India
| | - Rahul Mitra
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, U.P. 208016, India
| | - Krishanu Biswas
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, U.P. 208016, India
| | - P K Roy
- Department of Ceramic Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi, U.P. 221005, India
| | - Md Imteyaz Ahmad
- Department of Ceramic Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi, U.P. 221005, India
| | - Tarun Kumar Kundu
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, West Bengal 721302, India.
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17
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Arora H, Samanta A. First-principles study of room-temperature ferromagnetism in transition-metal doped H-SiNWs. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:2999-3010. [PMID: 36606753 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp04090e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Hydrogen-saturated silicon nanowires (H-SiNWs) are the most attractive materials for nanoelectronics due to their special tunable electronic properties. The incorporation of magnetism in H-SiNWs can be extremely beneficial for a wide range of emerging spintronic devices, which can offer a more effective way to control spin. Here, we investigate the energetic stability, electronic properties, and magnetic properties of transition metal (TM), i.e., Fe and Mn doped Hydrogen-saturated silicon nanowires (TM:H-SiNWs) that have a diameter of 1 nm directed in (100), (110), and (111) facets using spin-polarized density functional theory (DFT). The calculations showed that the TM-doped H-SiNWs (TM:H-SiNWs) convince the electronic and magnetic alterations of H-SiNWs semiconductors. It can be ascertained that the total magnetization of the studied configurations is contributed by the hybridization between a localized p orbital of Si and a d orbital of the TM atoms. In addition, we report the Curie temperature of the TM:H-SiNWs using a mean-field approximation and a Monte Carlo simulation based on the Ising model. We obtain the above room temperature ferromagnetism in the (100) and (111) direction-oriented Mn:H-SiNWs. This study provides an in-depth knowledge of the properties of TM-doped H-SiNWs and can be used as a reference in silicon-based spintronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hemant Arora
- Department of Physics, Quantum/Nano Science and Technology Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee-247667, Uttarakhand, India.
| | - Arup Samanta
- Department of Physics, Quantum/Nano Science and Technology Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee-247667, Uttarakhand, India. .,Centre of Nanotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee-247667, Uttarakhand, India
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18
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Yin H, Lin H, Zhang Y, Huang S. Iron(II) Phthalocyanine Adsorbed on Defective Graphenes: A Density Functional Study. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:43915-43922. [PMID: 36506202 PMCID: PMC9730508 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c05170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The adsorptions of iron(II) phthalocyanine (FePc) on graphene and defective graphene were investigated systematically using density functional theory. Three types of graphene defects covering stone-wales (SW), single vacancy (SV), and double vacancy (DV) were taken into account, in which DV defects included DV(5-8-5), DV(555-777), and DV(5555-6-7777). The calculations of formation energies of defects showed that the SW defect has the lowest formation energy, and it was easier for DV defects to form compared with the SV defect. It is more difficult to rotate or move FePc on the surface of defective graphenes than on the surface of graphene due to bigger energy differences at different sites. Although the charge analysis indicated the charge transfers from graphene or defective graphene to FePc for all studied systems, the electron distributions of FePc on various defective graphenes were different. Especially for FePc@SV, the d xy orbital of Fe in the conduction band moved toward the Fermi level about 1 eV, and the d xz of Fe in the valence band for FePc@SV also moved toward the Fermi level compared with FePc@graphene and other FePc@defective graphenes. Between the planes of FePc and defective graphene, the electron accumulation occurs majorly in the position of the FePc molecular plane for FePc@SW, FePc@DV(5-8-5), and FePc@DV(5555-6-7777) as well as FePc@graphene. However, electrons were accumulated on the upper and lower surfaces of the FePc molecular plane for FePc@SV and FePc@DV(555-777). Thus, the electron distribution of FePc can be modulated by introducing the interfaces of different defective graphenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huimin Yin
- College
of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian350108, P. R. China
| | - Heyun Lin
- College
of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian350108, P. R. China
| | - Yongfan Zhang
- College
of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian350108, P. R. China
| | - Shuping Huang
- College
of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian350108, P. R. China
- Fujian
Provincial Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Storage Materials, Fuzhou, Fujian350108, P. R. China
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19
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Jagga D, Korepanov VI, Sedlovets DM, Useinov A. Spin-Induced Switching of Electronic State Populations in Transition Metal Polyphthalocyanines. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:8098. [PMID: 36431583 PMCID: PMC9699300 DOI: 10.3390/ma15228098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Polyphthalocyanines (PPCs) are a new and promising class of two dimensional materials offering versatile avenues for next generation electronic devices. For organic spintronic devices, PPCs can be engineered to tailor the electric and magnetic properties. In this work, we investigate PPC's monolayers with embedded transition metal atoms (TM = Fe, Ni, Cu), utilizing first principle calculations based on spin-polarized generalized gradient approximation (SGGA). PPC sheets with central TM atoms are simulated for the dispersion curves, electronic density of states (DOS), and projected density of states (PDOS) using quantum atomistic toolkit (Quantum ATK) software. According to simulations, the FePPC supercell with four magnetic moments of Fe, aligned in a parallel ferromagnetic (FM) configuration, show the conductive FM state, while in the case of the anti-parallel antiferromagnetic (AFM) order of the magnetic moments, the material exhibits semiconducting non-magnetic behavior. FM-ordered NiPPC displays a metallic state, which is partly suppressed for AFM-ordered NiPPC. In contrast, non-magnetic CuPPC is found to be the best conductor due to its larger PDOS at the Fermi level among all considered systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepali Jagga
- International College of Semiconductor Technology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
| | - Vitaly I. Korepanov
- Institute of Microelectronics Technology and High-Purity Materials, Russian Academy of Science, 142432 Chernogolovka, Russia
| | - Daria M. Sedlovets
- Institute of Microelectronics Technology and High-Purity Materials, Russian Academy of Science, 142432 Chernogolovka, Russia
| | - Artur Useinov
- International College of Semiconductor Technology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
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20
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Shi Y, Jia N, Cai J, Lyu Z, Liu Z. 2D electrene LaH 2monolayer: an ideal ferrovalley direct semiconductor with room-temperature ferromagnetic stability. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2022; 34:475303. [PMID: 36179704 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ac96bb] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In developing nonvolatile valleytronic devices, ferromagnetic (FM) ferrovalley semiconductors are critically needed due to the existence of spontaneous valley polarization. At present, however, the known real materials have various drawbacks towards practical applications, including the in-plane FM ground state, low Curie temperature (TC), small valley polarization, narrow energy window with clean polarized valley, and indirect bandgap. From first-principles calculations, here we predict anideal ferrovalley semiconductor, honeycomb LaH2monolayer (ML), whose intrinsic properties can overcome all these shortcomings. We demonstrate that LaH2ML, having satisfied structural stability, is a FM half-semiconducting electrene (La3+2H-⋅e-) with its magnetic moments localized at the lattice interstitial sites rather than La atoms. At the same time, LaH2ML holds the following desired attributes: a robust out-of-plane FM ground state with a highTC(334 K), a sizable valley polarization (166 meV), a wide energy window (137 meV) harboring clean single-valley carriers, and a direct bandgap. These results identify a much needed ideal ferrovalley semiconductor candidate, holding the promising application potential in valleytronics and spintronics devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongting Shi
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, People's Republic of China
| | - Ningning Jia
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiangtao Cai
- Department of Physics, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiheng Lyu
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhifeng Liu
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, People's Republic of China
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21
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Ding S, Yan X, Bergara A, Zhang X, Liu Y, Yang G. Intrinsic Ferromagnetism in 2D Fe 2H with a High Curie Temperature. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:44745-44752. [PMID: 36130179 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c10504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The rational design of ferromagnetic materials is crucial for the development of spintronic devices. Using first-principles structural search calculations, we have identified 73 two-dimensional transition metal hydrides. Some of them show interesting magnetic properties, even when combined with the characteristics of the electrides. In particular, the P3̅m1 Fe2H monolayer is stabilized in a 1T-MoS2-type structure with a local magnetic moment of 3 μB per Fe atom, whose robust ferromagnetism is attributed to the exchange interaction between neighboring Fe atoms within and between sublayers, leading to a remarkably high Curie temperature of 340 K. On the other hand, it has a large magnetic anisotropic energy and spin-polarization ratio. Interestingly, the above room-temperature ferromagnetism of the Fe2H monolayer is well preserved within a biaxial strain of 5%. The structure and electron property of surface-functionalized Fe2H are also explored. All of these interesting properties make the Fe2H monolayer an attractive candidate for spintronic nanodevices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shicong Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science & Technology and Key Laboratory for Microstructural Material Physics of Hebei Province, School of Science, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
| | - Xu Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science & Technology and Key Laboratory for Microstructural Material Physics of Hebei Province, School of Science, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
| | - Aitor Bergara
- Departamento de Física, Universidad del País Vasco-Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea, UPV/EHU, 48080 Bilbao, Spain
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), 20018 Donostia, Spain
- Centro de Física de Materiales CFM, Centro Mixto CSIC-UPV/EHU, 20018 Donostia, Spain
| | - Xiaohua Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science & Technology and Key Laboratory for Microstructural Material Physics of Hebei Province, School of Science, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
- Centre for Advanced Optoelectronic Functional Materials, Research and Key Laboratory for UV Light-Emitting Materials and Technology of Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Yong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science & Technology and Key Laboratory for Microstructural Material Physics of Hebei Province, School of Science, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
| | - Guochun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science & Technology and Key Laboratory for Microstructural Material Physics of Hebei Province, School of Science, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
- Centre for Advanced Optoelectronic Functional Materials, Research and Key Laboratory for UV Light-Emitting Materials and Technology of Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
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22
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Rezapour MR. Structural, Electronic, and Magnetic Characteristics of Graphitic Carbon Nitride Nanoribbons and Their Applications in Spintronics. THE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. C, NANOMATERIALS AND INTERFACES 2022; 126:16429-16436. [PMID: 36203495 PMCID: PMC9527752 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.2c04691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The development of quantum information and quantum computing technology requires special materials to design and manufacture nanosized spintronic devices. Possessing remarkable structural, electronic, and magnetic characteristics, graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) can be a promising candidate as a building block of futuristic nanoelectronics and spintronic systems. Here, using first-principles calculations, we perform a comprehensive study on the structural stability as well as electronic and magnetic properties of triazine-based g-C3N4 nanoribbons (gt-CNRs). Our calculations show that gt-CNRs with different edge conformation exhibit distinct electronic and magnetic characteristics, which can be tuned by the edge H-passivation rate. By investigating gt-CNRs with various possible edge configurations and H-termination rates, we show that while the ferromagnetic (FM) ordering of gt-CNRs stays preserved for all of the studied configurations, half metallicity can only be achieved in nanoribbons with specific edge structure under full H-passivation rate. For spintronic application purposes, we also study spin-transport properties of half-metal gt-CNRs. By determining the suitable gt-CNR configuration, we show the possibility of developing a perfect gt-CNR-based spin filter with a spin filter efficiency (SFE) of 100%. Considering the above-mentioned notable electronic and magnetic characteristics as well as its high thermal stability, we show that gt-CNR would be a remarkable material to fabricate multifunctional spintronic devices.
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23
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Capture Mechanism of Cadmium in Agricultural Soil Via Iron-Modified Graphene. INORGANICS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/inorganics10100150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) contamination in agricultural soils has caused extensive concern to researchers. Biochar with iron-compound modifications could give rise to the synergistic effect for Cd restriction. However, the related capture mechanism based on physicochemical properties is unclear. In this study, first principles calculations are proposed to explore the adsorption ability and potential mechanism of the ferric hydroxide modified graphene (Fe@G) for capturing CdCl2. The simulation results show that the adsorption energy to CdCl2 could enhance to −1.60 eV when Fe(OH)3 is introduced on graphene. Subsequently, analyses of electronic properties demonstrated a significant electron transfer between Cd s-orbital and O p-orbital, thereby leading to strong adsorption energy. This theoretical study not only identifies a powerful adsorption material for Cd reduction in agricultural soils and reveals the capture mechanism of Fe@G for Cd but also provides a foundation and strategy for Cd reduction in agricultural soils.
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Zhang M, Li F, Ren Y, Hu T, Wan W, Liu Y, Ge Y. Two-dimensional antiferromagnetic semiconductor T'-MoTeI from first principles. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2022; 34:415801. [PMID: 35868294 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ac838d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional intrinsic antiferromagnetic semiconductors are expected to stand out in the spintronic field. The present work finds the monolayer T'-MoTeI is intrinsically an antiferromagnetic semiconductor by using first-principles calculation. Firstly, the dimerized distortion of the Mo atoms causes T'-MoTeI to have dynamic stability, which is different from the small imaginary frequency in the phonon spectrum of T-MoTeI. Secondly, T'-MoTeI is an indirect-bandgap semiconductor with 1.35 eV. Finally, in the systematic study of strain effects, there are significant changes in the electronic structure as well as the bandgap, but the antiferromagnetic ground state is not affected. Monte Carlo simulations predict that the Néel temperature of T'-MoTeI is 95 K. The results suggest that the monolayer T'-MoTeI can be a potential candidate for spintronics applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology & Key Laboratory for Microstructural Material Physics of Hebei Province, School of Science, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology & Key Laboratory for Microstructural Material Physics of Hebei Province, School of Science, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, People's Republic of China
| | - Yulu Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology & Key Laboratory for Microstructural Material Physics of Hebei Province, School of Science, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, People's Republic of China
| | - Tengfei Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology & Key Laboratory for Microstructural Material Physics of Hebei Province, School of Science, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenhui Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology & Key Laboratory for Microstructural Material Physics of Hebei Province, School of Science, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology & Key Laboratory for Microstructural Material Physics of Hebei Province, School of Science, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanfeng Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology & Key Laboratory for Microstructural Material Physics of Hebei Province, School of Science, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, People's Republic of China
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25
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Magnetic properties of FePc sheet modified by the adsorption of gas molecules. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2022.113793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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26
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Wang P, Xing J, Jiang X, Zhao J. Transition-Metal Interlink Neural Network: Machine Learning of 2D Metal-Organic Frameworks with High Magnetic Anisotropy. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:33726-33733. [PMID: 35830170 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c08991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) metal-organic framework (MOF) materials with large perpendicular magnetic anisotropy energy (MAE) are important candidates for high-density magnetic storage. The MAE-targeted high-throughput screening of 2D MOFs is currently limited by the time-consuming electronic structure calculations. In this study, a machine learning model, namely, transition-metal interlink neural network (TMINN) based on a database with 1440 2D MOF materials is developed to quickly and accurately predict MAE. The well-trained TMINN model for MAE successfully captures the general correlation between the geometrical configurations and the MAEs. We explore the MAEs of 2583 other 2D MOFs using our trained TMINN model. From these two databases, we obtain 11 unreported 2D ferromagnetic MOFs with MAEs over 35 meV/atom, which are further demonstrated by the high-level density functional theory calculations. Such results show good performance of the extrapolation predictions of TMINN. We also propose some simple design rules to acquire 2D MOFs with large MAEs by building a Pearson correlation coefficient map between various geometrical descriptors and MAE. Our developed TMINN model provides a powerful tool for high-throughput screening and intentional design of 2D magnetic MOFs with large MAE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengju Wang
- Key Laboratory of Materials Modification by Laser, Ion and Electron Beams (Dalian University of Technology), Ministry of Education, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Jianpei Xing
- Key Laboratory of Materials Modification by Laser, Ion and Electron Beams (Dalian University of Technology), Ministry of Education, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Xue Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Materials Modification by Laser, Ion and Electron Beams (Dalian University of Technology), Ministry of Education, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Jijun Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Materials Modification by Laser, Ion and Electron Beams (Dalian University of Technology), Ministry of Education, Dalian 116024, China
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27
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Wang Y, Jiang J, Mi W. Two-dimensional heterotriangulene-based manganese organic frameworks: bipolar magnetic and half semiconductors with perpendicular magnetocrystalline anisotropy. NANOSCALE 2022; 14:8865-8874. [PMID: 35697051 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr00398h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) organic intrinsic magnetic semiconductors have potential applications in low-dimensional organic spintronic devices due to their remarkable physical properties. However, 2D metal-organic frameworks with magnetic and semiconducting properties are rare. In this work, the electronic and magnetic properties of 2D heterotriangulene-based manganese organic frameworks including triphenylamine (TPA) and triphenylborane (TPB) organic ligands with methylene (M), carbonyl (C) or oxygen (O) coordination groups were studied by first-principles calculations. XTPA-Mn (X = M and O) is a bipolar magnetic semiconductor with a large spin-flip band gap. CTPA-Mn and XTPB-Mn (X = M, C and O) are half semiconductors with perpendicular magnetocrystalline anisotropy. The electronic properties of materials ranging from half semiconductors to bipolar magnetic semiconductors appear in CTPA-Mn and XTPB-Mn (X = M and C) at biaxial strains. XTPA-Mn and XTPB-Mn with a frustrated antiferromagnetic configuration are semiconductors with good ductility and stability. These results enrich the diversity of 2D organic intrinsic magnetic semiconductors, which have potential applications in spintronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Materials Physics and Preparation Technology, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300354, China.
| | - Jiawei Jiang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Materials Physics and Preparation Technology, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300354, China.
| | - Wenbo Mi
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Materials Physics and Preparation Technology, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300354, China.
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28
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Hao X, Wu W, Zhu J, Song B, Meng Q, Wu M, Hua C, Yang SA, Zhou M. Topological band transition between hexagonal and triangular lattices with ( px, py) orbitals. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2022; 34:255504. [PMID: 35381579 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ac6473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
By combining tight-binding modelling with density functional theory based first-principles calculations, we investigate the band evolution of two-dimensional (2D) hexagonal lattices with (px,py) orbitals, focusing on the electronic structures and topological phase transitions. The (px,py)-orbital hexagonal lattice model possesses two flat bands encompassing two linearly dispersive Dirac bands. Breaking the A/B sublattice symmetry could transform the model into two triangular lattices, each featuring a flat band and a dispersive band. Inclusion of the spin-orbit coupling and magnetization may give rise to quantum spin Hall and quantum anomalous Hall (QAH) states. As a proof of concept, we demonstrate that half-hydrogenated stanene is encoded by a triangular lattice with (px,py) orbitals, which exhibits ferromagnetism and QAH effect with a topological gap of ∼0.15 eV, feasible for experimental observation. These results provide insights into the structure-property relationships involving the orbital degree of freedom, which may shed light on future design and preparation of 2D topological materials for novel electronic/spintronic and quantum computing devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiamin Hao
- School of Physics, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China
- Beihang Hangzhou Innovation Institute Yuhang, Hangzhou 310023, People's Republic of China
- Research Laboratory for Quantum Materials, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Singapore 487372, Singapore
| | - Weikang Wu
- Research Laboratory for Quantum Materials, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Singapore 487372, Singapore
| | - Jiaojiao Zhu
- Research Laboratory for Quantum Materials, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Singapore 487372, Singapore
| | - Biyu Song
- School of Physics, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China
- Beihang Hangzhou Innovation Institute Yuhang, Hangzhou 310023, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingling Meng
- School of Physics, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China
- Beihang Hangzhou Innovation Institute Yuhang, Hangzhou 310023, People's Republic of China
| | - Meimei Wu
- Beihang Hangzhou Innovation Institute Yuhang, Hangzhou 310023, People's Republic of China
| | - Chenqiang Hua
- Beihang Hangzhou Innovation Institute Yuhang, Hangzhou 310023, People's Republic of China
| | - Shengyuan A Yang
- Research Laboratory for Quantum Materials, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Singapore 487372, Singapore
| | - Miao Zhou
- School of Physics, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China
- Beihang Hangzhou Innovation Institute Yuhang, Hangzhou 310023, People's Republic of China
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29
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Liu K, Fu J, Lin Y, Luo T, Ni G, Li H, Lin Z, Liu M. Insights into the activity of single-atom Fe-N-C catalysts for oxygen reduction reaction. Nat Commun 2022; 13:2075. [PMID: 35440574 PMCID: PMC9018836 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-29797-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 54.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Single-atom Fe-N-C catalysts has attracted widespread attentions in the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). However, the origin of ORR activity on Fe-N-C catalysts is still unclear, which hinder the further improvement of Fe-N-C catalysts. Herein, we provide a model to understand the ORR activity of Fe-N4 site from the spatial structure and energy level of the frontier orbitals by density functional theory calculations. Taking the regulation of divacancy defects on Fe-N4 site ORR activity as examples, we demonstrate that the hybridization between Fe 3dz2, 3dyz (3dxz) and O2 π* orbitals is the origin of Fe-N4 ORR activity. We found that the Fe-O bond length, the d-band center gap of spin states, the magnetic moment of Fe site and *O2 as descriptors can accurately predict the ORR activity of Fe-N4 site. Furthermore, these descriptors and ORR activity of Fe-N4 site are mainly distributed in two regions with obvious difference, which greatly relate to the height of Fe 3d projected orbital in the Z direction. This work provides a new insight into the ORR activity of single-atom M-N-C catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Liu
- Hunan Joint International Research Center for Carbon Dioxide Resource Utilization, School of Physics and Electronics, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, Hunan, P. R. China
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - Junwei Fu
- Hunan Joint International Research Center for Carbon Dioxide Resource Utilization, School of Physics and Electronics, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - Yiyang Lin
- Hunan Joint International Research Center for Carbon Dioxide Resource Utilization, School of Physics and Electronics, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - Tao Luo
- Hunan Joint International Research Center for Carbon Dioxide Resource Utilization, School of Physics and Electronics, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - Ganghai Ni
- Hunan Joint International Research Center for Carbon Dioxide Resource Utilization, School of Physics and Electronics, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - Hongmei Li
- Hunan Joint International Research Center for Carbon Dioxide Resource Utilization, School of Physics and Electronics, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - Zhang Lin
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - Min Liu
- Hunan Joint International Research Center for Carbon Dioxide Resource Utilization, School of Physics and Electronics, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, Hunan, P. R. China.
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30
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Li F, Ai H, Shen S, Geng J, Ho Lo K, Pan H. Two-Dimensional Dirac Nodal Line Carbon Nitride to Anchor Single-Atom Catalyst for Oxygen Reduction Reaction. CHEMSUSCHEM 2022; 15:e202102537. [PMID: 35132828 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202102537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional carbon nitride (2DCN) materials have emerged as an important class of 2D materials beyond graphene. However, 2DCN materials with nodal-line semimetal characteristic are rarely reported. In this work, a new nodal-line semimetal 2DCN with the stoichiometry C4 N4 is designed by using density functional theory (DFT) calculations and its application to anchor single-atom catalysts (SACs) for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is investigated. C4 N4 is a planar covalent network (sp2 hybridization) with regular holes formed by the four N atoms, which is dynamically, thermodynamically, and mechanically stable. The nodal line is contributed by the pz orbitals of C and px/y orbitals of N atoms. C4 N4 shows an anisotropic Fermi velocity and high electron mobility. Because of its porous structure, C4 N4 can anchor heteroatoms as SACs for electrocatalysis. C4 N4 anchored with Fe or Co is shown to be highly active for the ORR with a rather high half-wave potential of around 0.90 V, which is higher than those of SACs on other carbon nitrides. These findings may provide a new strategy to design novel substrates for SACs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feifei Li
- Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, Macao SAR, P. R. China
| | - Haoqiang Ai
- Department of Electromechanical Engineering Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Macau, Macao SAR, P. R. China
| | - Shiying Shen
- Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, Macao SAR, P. R. China
| | - Jiazhong Geng
- Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, Macao SAR, P. R. China
| | - Kin Ho Lo
- Department of Electromechanical Engineering Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Macau, Macao SAR, P. R. China
| | - Hui Pan
- Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, Macao SAR, P. R. China
- Department of Physics and Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Macau, Macao SAR, P. R. China
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31
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Wang H, Feng Q, Li X, Yang J. High-Throughput Computational Screening for Bipolar Magnetic Semiconductors. RESEARCH 2022; 2022:9857631. [PMID: 35360648 PMCID: PMC8943632 DOI: 10.34133/2022/9857631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Searching ferromagnetic semiconductor materials with electrically controllable spin polarization is a long-term challenge for spintronics. Bipolar magnetic semiconductors (BMS), with valence and conduction band edges fully spin polarized in different spin directions, show great promise in this aspect because the carrier spin polarization direction can be easily tuned by voltage gate. Here, we propose a standard high-throughput computational screening scheme for searching BMS materials. The application of this scheme to the Materials Project database gives 11 intrinsic BMS materials (1 experimental and 10 theoretical) from nearly ~40000 structures. Among them, a room-temperature BMS Li2V3TeO8 (mp-771246) is discovered with a Curie temperature of 478 K. Moreover, the BMS feature can be maintained well when cutting the bulk Li2V3TeO8 into (001) nanofilms for realistic applications. This work provides a feasible solution for discovering novel intrinsic BMS materials from various crystal structure databases, paving the way for realizing electric-field controlled spintronics devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haidi Wang
- School of Physics, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China
| | - Qingqing Feng
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, Department of Chemical Physics, and Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Xingxing Li
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, Department of Chemical Physics, and Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Jinlong Yang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, Department of Chemical Physics, and Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
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32
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Jia C, Wang Q, Yang J, Ye K, Li X, Zhong W, Shen H, Sharman E, Luo Y, Jiang J. Toward Rational Design of Dual-Metal-Site Catalysts: Catalytic Descriptor Exploration. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c06015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chuanyi Jia
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Computational Nano-Material Science, Institute of Applied Physics, Guizhou Education University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550018, China
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Qian Wang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 55, A. I. Virtasen aukio 1, Helsinki, FI-00014 Finland
| | - Jing Yang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Shijiazhuang University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050035, China
| | - Ke Ye
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Xiyu Li
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Wenhui Zhong
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Computational Nano-Material Science, Institute of Applied Physics, Guizhou Education University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550018, China
| | - Hujun Shen
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Computational Nano-Material Science, Institute of Applied Physics, Guizhou Education University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550018, China
| | - Edward Sharman
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Yi Luo
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Jun Jiang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
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33
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Wang Q, Zhang Z, Huang H, Song X, Bu Y. Intriguing strain-governed magnetic phase transitions in 2D vanadium porphyrin sheets. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:3834-3843. [PMID: 35084417 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp04597k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The strain effect on the magnetic response of 2D materials as spintronic devices is always important in actual applications. Due to the intriguing electronic and magnetic properties of two-dimensional (2D) vanadium porphyrin (V-PP) sheets, we studied the strain-induced magnetic coupling changes in 2D V-PP sheets by using the density functional theory method and found intriguing magnetic variation characters. The calculated results indicate that biaxial strain can modulate the magnetic moments of the central transition metal vanadium atoms and more importantly can induce phase transitions among three magnetic modes with four magnetic states (ferromagnetic (FM), ferrimagnetic (FIM), and two antiferromagnetic (AFM: AFM1 featuring a parallel spin lattice versus AFM2 featuring a crossing spin lattice)) with unique conversion pathways due to their different responses to the strain. As the compressive strain increases, the magnetic characteristics of 2D-VPP transitions as FM → FIM → AFM1 with two critical points (-4.7% and -6%), while the tensile strain can induce the original FM coupling to transition to another AFM state (FM → AFM2) at 5.3%. Analyses of the density of states, spin densities, and Bader charges reveal that the rich magnetic response properties of the system originate from the electron transfer between the central V and the porphyrin ligand induced by strain. This work provides intriguing information regarding the strain-induced magnetic phase transition mechanism and also presents a viable development direction to design 2D porphyrin magnetic semiconductors and spintronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, P. R. China.
| | - Zhilu Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, P. R. China.
| | - Haicai Huang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, P. R. China.
| | - Xinyu Song
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, P. R. China.
| | - Yuxiang Bu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, P. R. China.
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34
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Xing J, Jiang X, Liu Z, Qi Y, Zhao J. Robust Dirac spin gapless semiconductors in a two-dimensional oxalate based organic honeycomb-kagome lattice. NANOSCALE 2022; 14:2023-2029. [PMID: 35075466 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr07076b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) ferromagnetic materials with intrinsic and robust spin-polarized Dirac cones are of great interest in exploring exciting physics and in realizing spintronic devices. Using comprehensive ab initio calculations, herein we reveal a family of 2D oxalate-based metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) that possess the desired characteristics. We propose that these 2D oxalate-based MOFs may be assembled by oxalate ions (C2O42-) and two homo-transition metal atoms. We demonstrate that 2D MOFs of Ni2(C2O4)3 and Re2(C2O4)3 are intrinsic Dirac spin gapless semiconductors with linear band dispersion, low energy dissipation and high electron carrier velocity. As robust ferromagnets, they also possess large magnetic moments, large perpendicular magnetic anisotropy, and high Curie temperatures, e.g. 208 K for Ni2(C2O4)3. In particular, spin-orbit coupling triggers a topologically nontrivial band gap of 143 meV in Re2(C2O4)3, which is promising to realize the quantum anomalous Hall effect at high temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianpei Xing
- Key Laboratory of Materials Modification by Laser, Ion and Electron Beams (Dalian University of Technology), Ministry of Education, Dalian 116024, China.
| | - Xue Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Materials Modification by Laser, Ion and Electron Beams (Dalian University of Technology), Ministry of Education, Dalian 116024, China.
| | - Zhifeng Liu
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China
| | - Yan Qi
- Key Laboratory of Materials Modification by Laser, Ion and Electron Beams (Dalian University of Technology), Ministry of Education, Dalian 116024, China.
- School of Physics and Materials Engineering, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian 116600, China
| | - Jijun Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Materials Modification by Laser, Ion and Electron Beams (Dalian University of Technology), Ministry of Education, Dalian 116024, China.
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35
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The Magnetic Behaviour of CoTPP Supported on Coinage Metal Surfaces in the Presence of Small Molecules: A Molecular Cluster Study of the Surface trans-Effect. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12020218. [PMID: 35055236 PMCID: PMC8778902 DOI: 10.3390/nano12020218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Density functional theory, combined with the molecular cluster model, has been used to investigate the surface trans-effect induced by the coordination of small molecules L (L = CO, NH3, NO, NO2 and O2) on the cobalt electronic structure of cobalt tetraphenylporphyrinato (CoTPP) surface-supported on coinage metal surfaces (Cu, Ag, and Au). Regardless of whether L has a closed- or an open-shell electronic structure, its coordination to Co takes out the direct interaction between Co and the substrate eventually present. The CO and NH3 bonding to CoTPP does not influence the Co local electronic structure, while the NO (NO2 and O2) coordination induces a Co reduction (oxidation), generating a 3d8 CoI (3d6 CoIII) magnetically silent closed-shell species. Theoretical outcomes herein reported demonstrate that simple and computationally inexpensive models can be used not only to rationalize but also to predict the effects of the Co–L bonding on the magnetic behaviour of CoTPP chemisorbed on coinage metals. The same model may be straightforwardly extended to other transition metals or coordinated molecules.
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36
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Qiao W, Jin D, Mi W, Wang D, Yan S, Xu X, Zhou T. Large perpendicular magnetic anisotropy of transition metal dimers driven by polarization switching of two-dimensional ferroelectric In2Se3 substrate. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:21966-21974. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cp01864k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Large perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (MA) is highly desirable for realizing atomic-scale magnetic data storage which represents the ultimate limit of the density of magnetic recording. In this work, we study...
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37
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Cui C, Li G, Tang Z. Metal-organic framework nanosheets and their composites for heterogeneous thermal catalysis: Recent progresses and challenges. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2021.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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38
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He Z, Gao X, Zhang D, Lu P, Wang X, Kalaswad M, Rutherford BX, Wang H. Tailorable multifunctionalities in ultrathin 2D Bi-based layered supercell structures. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:16672-16679. [PMID: 34590640 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr04975e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) materials with robust ferromagnetic behavior have attracted great interest because of their potential applications in next-generation nanoelectronic devices. Aside from graphene and transition metal dichalcogenides, Bi-based layered oxide materials are a group of prospective candidates due to their superior room-temperature multiferroic response. Here, an ultrathin Bi3Fe2Mn2O10+δ layered supercell (BFMO322 LS) structure was deposited on an LaAlO3 (LAO) (001) substrate using pulsed laser deposition. Microstructural analysis suggests that a layered supercell (LS) structure consisting of two-layer-thick Bi-O slabs and two-layer-thick Mn/Fe-O octahedra slabs was formed on top of the pseudo-perovskite interlayer (IL). A robust saturation magnetization value of 129 and 96 emu cm-3 is achieved in a 12.3 nm thick film in the in-plane (IP) and out-of-plane (OP) directions, respectively. The ferromagnetism, dielectric permittivity, and optical bandgap of the ultrathin BFMO films can be effectively tuned by thickness and morphology variation. In addition, the anisotropy of all ultrathin BFMO films switches from OP dominating to IP dominating as the thickness increases. This study demonstrates the ultrathin BFMO film with tunable multifunctionalities as a promising candidate for novel integrated spintronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihao He
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907-2045, USA.
| | - Xingyao Gao
- School of Materials Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907-2045, USA
| | - Di Zhang
- School of Materials Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907-2045, USA
| | - Ping Lu
- Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, 87185, USA
| | - Xuejing Wang
- School of Materials Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907-2045, USA
| | - Matias Kalaswad
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907-2045, USA.
| | - Bethany X Rutherford
- School of Materials Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907-2045, USA
| | - Haiyan Wang
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907-2045, USA.
- School of Materials Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907-2045, USA
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Mabrouk M, Majewski JA. Stability, electronic structure, and magnetic moment of vanadium phthalocyanine grafted to the Au(1 1 1) surface. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2021.113319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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40
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Mallada B, Błoński P, Langer R, Jelínek P, Otyepka M, de la Torre B. On-Surface Synthesis of One-Dimensional Coordination Polymers with Tailored Magnetic Anisotropy. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:32393-32401. [PMID: 34227386 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c04693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
One-dimensional (1D) metalloporphyrin polymers can exhibit magnetism, depending on the central metal ion and the surrounding ligand field. The possibility of tailoring the magnetic signal in such nanostructures is highly desirable for potential spintronic devices. We present low-temperature (4.2 K) scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy (LT-STM/STS) in combination with high-resolution atomic force microscopy (AFM) and a density functional theory (DFT) study of a two-step synthetic protocol to grow a robust Fe-porphyrin-based 1D polymer on-surface and to tune its magnetic properties. A thermally assisted Ullmann-like coupling reaction of Fe(III)diphenyl-bromine-porphyrin (2BrFeDPP-Cl) on Au(111) in ultra-high vacuum results in long (up to 50 nm) 1D metal-organic wires with regularly distributed magnetic and (electronically) independent porphyrins units, as confirmed by STM images. Thermally controlled C-H bond activation leads to conformational changes in the porphyrin units, which results in molecular planarization steered by 2D surface confinement, as confirmed by high-resolution AFM images. Spin-flip STS images in combination with DFT self-consistent spin-orbit coupling calculations of porphyrin units with different structural conformations reveal that the magnetic anisotropy of the triplet ground state of the central Fe ion units drops down substantially upon intramolecular rearrangements. These results point out to new opportunities for realizing and studying well-defined 1D organic magnets on surfaces and demonstrate the feasibility of tailoring their magnetic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Mallada
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Material, Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute (CATRIN), Palacký University Olomouc, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic
- Institute of Physics, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Cukrovarnická 10, 162 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Piotr Błoński
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Material, Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute (CATRIN), Palacký University Olomouc, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Rostislav Langer
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Material, Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute (CATRIN), Palacký University Olomouc, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacký University Olomouc, 78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Jelínek
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Material, Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute (CATRIN), Palacký University Olomouc, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic
- Institute of Physics, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Cukrovarnická 10, 162 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Michal Otyepka
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Material, Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute (CATRIN), Palacký University Olomouc, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic
- IT4Innovations, Technical University of Ostrava, 17. listopadu 2172/15, 708 00 Ostrava-Poruba,Czech Republic
| | - Bruno de la Torre
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Material, Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute (CATRIN), Palacký University Olomouc, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic
- Institute of Physics, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Cukrovarnická 10, 162 00 Prague, Czech Republic
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Hao ZW, Dong MM, Zhang RQ, Wang CK, Fu XX. An ultra-sensitive gas sensor based on a two-dimensional manganese porphyrin monolayer. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:11852-11862. [PMID: 33988194 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp00747e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The development of highly sensitive, low-power consuming, stable and recyclable gas sensing devices at room temperature has become an important solution for environmental safety detection. Utilizing a two-dimensional metalloporphyrin monolayer for gas sensing is appealing due to its large specific surface area and high surface activity. A two-dimensional manganese porphyrin monolayer (2DMnPr) is selected from 2D metalloporphyrins with 3d metal centers due to its semi-metallicity to explore its gas sensing properties. Using first-principles calculations, we systematically investigate the electronic structures and adsorption characteristics of gas molecules with toxicity and greenhouse effect on the surface of 2DMnPr, including H2S, CO, CO2, SO2, NO and NO2. The strength of the interaction and charge transfer between the 2DMnPr surface and the adsorbed molecules have a direct effect on the electronic properties and the sensing properties of the adsorbent surface. The sensing performance of the 2DMnPr adsorbent is evaluated via two observable parameters: work function and electrical conductivity. The work functions of 2DMnPr after the adsorption of CO, SO2, NO and NO2 gas molecules increase by different degrees depending on the charge transfer, and those of the H2S and CO2 cases decrease. In our simulation, adsorption of CO, SO2, NO and NO2 gas molecules affects the electronic properties of 2DMnPr markedly, and current-voltage characteristics within a low bias range uncover the superior sensitivity of the conductivity of the 2DMnPr monolayer to these molecules. Besides, the sensing performance is demonstrated to be stable under strain and at room temperature. The desorption time of a gas is positively related to its adsorption energy. The recovery time of CO is predicted to be short enough to realize sustainable detection at room temperature, and the SO2, NO and NO2 gases can also be desorbed at higher temperatures. These results demonstrate that 2DMnPr enables the sensitive detection of these gases and predict the potential application of 2DMnPr as an ultra-sensitive, low-power, stable and recyclable gas sensor at room temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze-Wen Hao
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Image Processing & Shandong Provincial Engineering and Technical Center of Light Manipulations, School of Physics and Electronics, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250358, China.
| | - Mi-Mi Dong
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Image Processing & Shandong Provincial Engineering and Technical Center of Light Manipulations, School of Physics and Electronics, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250358, China.
| | - Rui-Qin Zhang
- Department of Physics, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Chuan-Kui Wang
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Image Processing & Shandong Provincial Engineering and Technical Center of Light Manipulations, School of Physics and Electronics, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250358, China.
| | - Xiao-Xiao Fu
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Image Processing & Shandong Provincial Engineering and Technical Center of Light Manipulations, School of Physics and Electronics, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250358, China.
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Maibam A, Krishnamurty S. Nitrogen activation to reduction on a recyclable V-SAC/BN-graphene heterocatalyst sifted through dual and multiphilic descriptors. J Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 600:480-491. [PMID: 34030008 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.05.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Efficient reduction of nitrogen to ammonia at a minimal cost would require a recherche catalyst tailored by assimilating the inherent electronic and reactive nature of Single Atom Catalysts (SACs) on heteroatom doped-graphene. A full-scale DFT study accounting for disparate descriptions of atomic orbitals and representation of support, has been carried out to identify the most active and recyclable SAC/B-graphene composite as catalyst for Nitrogen Reduction Reaction (NRR). Dual and Multiphilic descriptors derived reactivity pattern of six different metal SACs V, Fe, Ni, Ru, W and Re on periodic and non-periodic paradigms of pristine and BN-pair doped graphene supports, align with the calculated chemisorption efficacy and activation of N2. The enzymatic route of nitrogen reduction on three most ideal metal SACs (V, W and Re) culminates Vanadium SAC, a relatively cheaper metal, anchored on BNring-graphene with an energy barrier of ⩽1.24 eV as a highly active and recyclable catalyst for NRR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashakiran Maibam
- Physical and Materials Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune 411 008, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, CSIR-Human Resource Development Centre (CSIR-HRDC) Campus, Postal Staff College area, Gaziabad 201 002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sailaja Krishnamurty
- Physical and Materials Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune 411 008, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, CSIR-Human Resource Development Centre (CSIR-HRDC) Campus, Postal Staff College area, Gaziabad 201 002, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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Lin Y, Liu K, Chen K, Xu Y, Li H, Hu J, Lu YR, Chan TS, Qiu X, Fu J, Liu M. Tuning Charge Distribution of FeN4 via External N for Enhanced Oxygen Reduction Reaction. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c04966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yiyang Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, School of Physical and Electronics, Shenzhen Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Kang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, School of Physical and Electronics, Shenzhen Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Kejun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, School of Physical and Electronics, Shenzhen Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Yan Xu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Power Sources, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Hongmei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, School of Physical and Electronics, Shenzhen Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Junhua Hu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Ying-Rui Lu
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Shan Chan
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
| | - Xiaoqing Qiu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Power Sources, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Junwei Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, School of Physical and Electronics, Shenzhen Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Min Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, School of Physical and Electronics, Shenzhen Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
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44
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Liu Y, Lv H, Wu X. Metal cyclopropenylidene sandwich cluster and nanowire: structural, electronic, and magnetic properties. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2021; 33:235301. [PMID: 33618336 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/abe8a0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Organometallic sandwich clusters and nanowires can offer prototypes for molecular ferromagnet and nanoscale spintronic devices due to the strong coupling of local magnetic moments in the nanowires direction and experimental feasibility. Here, on the basis of first-principles calculations, we reportTMn(c-C3H2)n+1(TM= Ti, Mn;n= 1-4) sandwich clusters and 1D [TM(c-C3H2)]∞sandwich nanowires building from transitional metal and the smallest aromatic carbene of cyclopropenylidene (c-C3H2). Based on the results of lattice dynamic and thermodynamic studies, we show that the magnetic moment of Mnn(c-C3H2)n+1clusters increases linearly with the number ofn, and 1D [Mn(c-C3H2)]∞nanowire is a stable ferromagnetic semiconductor, which can be converted into half metal with carrier doping. In contrary, both Tin(c-C3H2)n+1and 1D [Ti(c-C3H2)]∞nanowire are nonmagnetic materials. This study reveals the potential application of the [TM(c-C3H2)]∞nanowire in spintronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Liu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, CAS Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People's Republic of China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - Haifeng Lv
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, CAS Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People's Republic of China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaojun Wu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, CAS Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People's Republic of China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People's Republic of China
- Synergetic Innovation of Quantum Information & Quantum Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People's Republic of China
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45
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Dou M, Li H, Yao Q, Wang J, Liu Y, Wu F. Room-temperature ferromagnetism in two-dimensional transition metal borides: a first-principles investigation. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:10615-10620. [PMID: 33903862 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp00052g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
It is currently technologically important to predict new two-dimensional (2D) ferromagnetic materials for next-generation information storage media. However, discovered 2D ferromagnetic materials are still rare. Here, we explored the fact that 2D transition metal borides are potential room-temperature 2D ferromagnetic materials. By performing first-principles calculations, we found that the CrB monolayer is a ferromagnetic (FM) metal, while the FeB monolayer is a typically antiferromagnetic (AFM) semiconductor. Interestingly, both CrB and FeB monolayers are FM metals with a moderate magnetic anisotropy energy by saturating with functional groups. Monte Carlo simulations show that the Curie temperature (Tc) of the CrB monolayer is about 520 K, which is further increased to 580 K and 570 K through -F and -OH chemical modification, while Tc is about 250 K, 275 K and 300 K for the FeBF, FeBO and FeBOH monolayer, respectively. Thus, the 2D transition metal borides have great potential applications in information storage devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Dou
- College of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037, P. R. China.
| | - Huan Li
- Department of Applied Physics, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210094, P. R. China
| | - Qingnian Yao
- College of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037, P. R. China.
| | - Jiabao Wang
- College of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037, P. R. China.
| | - Yunfei Liu
- College of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037, P. R. China.
| | - Fang Wu
- College of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037, P. R. China.
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46
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Hu Y, Jin S, Luo ZF, Zeng HH, Wang JH, Fan XL. Conversation from antiferromagnetic MnBr 2 to ferromagnetic Mn 3Br 8 monolayer with large MAE. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2021; 16:72. [PMID: 33914179 PMCID: PMC8085181 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-021-03523-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A pressing need in low energy spintronics is two-dimensional (2D) ferromagnets with Curie temperature above the liquid-nitrogen temperature (77 K), and sizeable magnetic anisotropy. We studied Mn3Br8 monolayer which is obtained via inducing Mn vacancy at 1/4 population in MnBr2 monolayer. Such defective configuration is designed to change the coordination structure of the Mn-d5 and achieve ferromagnetism with sizeable magnetic anisotropy energy (MAE). Our calculations show that Mn3Br8 monolayer is a ferromagnetic (FM) half-metal with Curie temperature of 130 K, large MAE of - 2.33 meV per formula unit, and atomic magnetic moment of 13/3μB for the Mn atom. Additionally, Mn3Br8 monolayer maintains to be FM under small biaxial strain, whose Curie temperature under 5% compressive strain is 160 K. Additionally, both biaxial strain and carrier doping make the MAE increases, which mainly contributed by the magneto-crystalline anisotropy energy (MCE). Our designed defective structure of MnBr2 monolayer provides a simple but effective way to achieve ferromagnetism with large MAE in 2D materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y. Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Center for Advanced Lubrication and Seal Materials, School of Material Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 YouYi Western Road, Xi’an, 710072 Shaanxi China
| | - S. Jin
- Queen Mary University of London Engineering School, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 YouYi Western Road, Xi’an, 710072 Shaanxi China
| | - Z. F. Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Center for Advanced Lubrication and Seal Materials, School of Material Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 YouYi Western Road, Xi’an, 710072 Shaanxi China
| | - H. H. Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Center for Advanced Lubrication and Seal Materials, School of Material Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 YouYi Western Road, Xi’an, 710072 Shaanxi China
| | - J. H. Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Center for Advanced Lubrication and Seal Materials, School of Material Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 YouYi Western Road, Xi’an, 710072 Shaanxi China
| | - X. L. Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Center for Advanced Lubrication and Seal Materials, School of Material Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 YouYi Western Road, Xi’an, 710072 Shaanxi China
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Hua M, Xia B, Wang M, Li E, Liu J, Wu T, Wang Y, Li R, Ding H, Hu J, Wang Y, Zhu J, Xu H, Zhao W, Lin N. Highly Degenerate Ground States in a Frustrated Antiferromagnetic Kagome Lattice in a Two-Dimensional Metal-Organic Framework. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:3733-3739. [PMID: 33843217 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c00598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Realization of the Kagome antiferromagnetic (KAF) lattice is of high interest because the geometric frustration in the Kagome lattice is expected to give rise to highly degenerated ground states that may host exotic phases such as quantum spin liquid. Here we demonstrate the design and synthesis of a single-layer two-dimensional metal-organic framework (2D-MOF) containing a Kagome lattice of Fe(II) ions assembled on a Au(111) surface. First-principles calculations reveal that the Fe(II) ions are at a high spin state of S = 2 and are coupled antiferromagnetically with nearest-neighboring exchange J1 = 5.8 meV. The ground state comprises various degenerated spin configurations including the well-known q = 0 and q = √3 × √3 phases. Remarkably, we observe a spin excitation at 6 meV using tunneling spectroscopy. This work points out a feasible route toward realizing spin 1/2 KAF, a candidate quantum spin liquid system, by replacing Fe(II) by Cu(II) in the same structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muqing Hua
- Department of Physics, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Bowen Xia
- Department of Physics, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Physics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Miao Wang
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - En Li
- Department of Physics, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Division of Quantum State of Matter, Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Tianhao Wu
- Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices and Center for Carbon-based Electronics, Department of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yifan Wang
- Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices and Center for Carbon-based Electronics, Department of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Ruoning Li
- Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices and Center for Carbon-based Electronics, Department of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Honghe Ding
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230029, China
| | - Jun Hu
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230029, China
| | - Yongfeng Wang
- Division of Quantum State of Matter, Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
- Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices and Center for Carbon-based Electronics, Department of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Junfa Zhu
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230029, China
| | - Hu Xu
- Department of Physics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Nian Lin
- Department of Physics, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
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Begunovich LV, Kuklin AV, Baryshnikov GV, Valiev RR, Ågren H. Single-layer polymeric tetraoxa[8]circulene modified by s-block metals: toward stable spin qubits and novel superconductors. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:4799-4811. [PMID: 33629695 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr08554e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Tunable electronic properties of low-dimensional materials have been the object of extensive research, as such properties are highly desirable in order to provide flexibility in the design and optimization of functional devices. In this study, we account for the fact that such properties can be tuned by embedding diverse metal atoms and theoretically study a series of new organometallic porous sheets based on two-dimensional tetraoxa[8]circulene (TOC) polymers doped with alkali or alkaline-earth metals. The results reveal that the metal-decorated sheets change their electronic structure from semiconducting to metallic behaviour due to n-doping. Complete active space self-consistent field (CASSCF) calculations reveal a unique open-shell singlet ground state in the TOC-Ca complex, which is formed by two closed-shell species. Moreover, Ca becomes a doublet state, which is promising for magnetic quantum bit applications due to the long spin coherence time. Ca-doped TOC also demonstrates a high density of states in the vicinity of the Fermi level and induced superconductivity. Using the ab initio Eliashberg formalism, we find that the TOC-Ca polymers are phonon-mediated superconductors with a critical temperature TC = 14.5 K, which is within the range of typical carbon based superconducting materials. Therefore, combining the proved superconductivity and the long spin lifetime in doublet Ca, such materials could be an ideal platform for the realization of quantum bits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lyudmila V Begunovich
- International Research Center of Spectroscopy and Quantum Chemistry (IRC SQC), Siberian Federal University, 26 Kirensky st., 660074, Krasnoyarsk, Russia.
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Luo F, Hao X, Jia Y, Yao J, Meng Q, Zhai S, Wu J, Dou W, Zhou M. Functionalization induced quantum spin Hall to quantum anomalous Hall phase transition in monolayer jacutingaite. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:2527-2533. [PMID: 33475641 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr06889f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
As novel states of quantum matter, quantum spin Hall (QSH) and quantum anomalous Hall (QAH) states have attracted considerable interest in condensed matter and materials science communities. Recently, a monolayer of the naturally occurring mineral jacutingaite (Pt2HgSe3), was theoretically proposed to be a large-gap QSH insulator and experimentally confirmed. Here, based on first-principles calculations and tight-binding modeling, we demonstrate QSH to QAH phase transition in jacutingaite by chemical functionalization with chalogen. We show that two-dimensional (2D) chalogenated jacutingaite, Pt2HgSe3-X (X = S, Se, Te), is ferromagnetic with Curie temperature up to 316 K, and it exhibits QAH effect with chiral edge states inside a sizeable topological gap. The physical mechanism lies in the adsorption induced transformation of the original Kane-Mele model into an effective four-band model involving (px, py) orbitals on a hexagonal lattice, so that the topological gap size can be controlled by spin-orbit coupling strength of the chalogen (0.28 eV for Pt2HgSe3-Te). These results not only show the promise of functionalization in orbital-engineering of 2D functional structures, but also provide an ideal and practical platform for achieving exotic topological phases for dissipationless transport and quantum computing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangxue Luo
- School of Physics, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, P. R. China.
| | - Xiamin Hao
- School of Physics, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, P. R. China.
| | - Yizhen Jia
- School of Physics, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, P. R. China.
| | - Junjie Yao
- School of Physics, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, P. R. China.
| | - Qingling Meng
- School of Physics, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, P. R. China.
| | - Shuwei Zhai
- School of Physics, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, P. R. China.
| | - Jinge Wu
- School of Physics, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, P. R. China.
| | - Wenzhen Dou
- School of Physics, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, P. R. China.
| | - Miao Zhou
- School of Physics, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, P. R. China.
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Liu S, Liu Y, Cheng Z, Gao X, Tan Y, Shen Z, Yuan T. Two-dimensional transition metal phthalocyanine sheet as a promising electrocatalyst for nitric oxide reduction: a first principle study. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:7191-7199. [PMID: 33026623 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-11058-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Electrochemical reduction is a promising technology to treat polluted water contaminated by nitrate and nitrite ions under mild conditions. NO is an important intermediate species and determines selectivity toward different product and rate of whole reaction. However, the most studied NOER electrocatalysts are noble pure metal, which face problems of low utilization and high cost. Herein, by means of density functional theory computations, catalytic performance of 2D TM-Pc sheets (TM = Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Nb, Mo, Ru) as NOER catalysts were systematically evaluated. Among all the studied 2D TM-Pc sheets, our results revealed 2D Co-Pc sheet was identified as the best NOER catalyst, for a proper NO absorption energy and its relatively low limiting potential. The final reduction product of NOER is either NH3 at low coverages with energy input of 0.58 eV or N2O at high coverages with no energy barrier. Moreover, 2D Co-Pc sheet can efficiently suppress the competing HER. This study could not only provide a new approach for electrochemical denitrification to resolve environmental pollution but also be useful for valuable ammonia production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiqiang Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Yawei Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiwen Cheng
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoping Gao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Yujia Tan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhemin Shen
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Solid Waste Treatment and Resource Recovery, Shanghai, 200240, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, 200092, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Yuan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, People's Republic of China.
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