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Wang W, Zhang L, Dong W, Wei K, Li J, Sun J, Wang S, Mao X. A colorimetric aptasensor fabricated with group-specific split aptamers and complex nanozyme for enrofloxacin and ciprofloxacin determination. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 458:131995. [PMID: 37437481 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
Developing simultaneous detection methods for multiple targets is crucial for the field of food analysis. Herein, enrofloxacin (ENR) and ciprofloxacin (CIP) were taken as model targets. For the first time, a strategy to generate group-specific split aptamers was established by revealing and splitting the critical binding domain, and the split aptamers were exploited to design a four-way DNA junction (4WJ) which could regulate the enzymatic activity of chitosan oligosaccharide (COS)-AuNPs nanozyme to develop a colorimetric aptasensor. A pair of split aptamers were obtained for ENR (Kd = 15.00 nM) and CIP (Kd = 4.870 nM). The mechanism of COS binding with double-stranded DNA in the 4WJ was elucidated. Under optimal conditions, the colorimetric aptasensor enabled a wide linear detection range of 1.4-1400 nM and a limit of detection (LOD) of 321.1 pM and 961.0 pM towards ENR and CIP, respectively, which exhibited excellent sensitivity, selectivity, and availability in detecting ENR/CIP in seafood. This study expands the general strategies for generating robust aptamers and nanozyme complex and provides a good reference for developing multi-target detection methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Wang
- Qingdao Key Laboratory of Food Biotechnology, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266404, PR China; Key Laboratory of Biological Processing of Aquatic Products, China National Light Industry, Qingdao 266404, PR China
| | - Ling Zhang
- Qingdao Key Laboratory of Food Biotechnology, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266404, PR China; Key Laboratory of Biological Processing of Aquatic Products, China National Light Industry, Qingdao 266404, PR China
| | - Wenhui Dong
- Qingdao Key Laboratory of Food Biotechnology, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266404, PR China; Key Laboratory of Biological Processing of Aquatic Products, China National Light Industry, Qingdao 266404, PR China
| | - Kaiyue Wei
- Qingdao Key Laboratory of Food Biotechnology, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266404, PR China; Key Laboratory of Biological Processing of Aquatic Products, China National Light Industry, Qingdao 266404, PR China
| | - Jiao Li
- Qingdao Key Laboratory of Food Biotechnology, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266404, PR China; Key Laboratory of Biological Processing of Aquatic Products, China National Light Industry, Qingdao 266404, PR China
| | - Jianan Sun
- Qingdao Key Laboratory of Food Biotechnology, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266404, PR China; Key Laboratory of Biological Processing of Aquatic Products, China National Light Industry, Qingdao 266404, PR China
| | - Sai Wang
- Qingdao Key Laboratory of Food Biotechnology, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266404, PR China; Key Laboratory of Biological Processing of Aquatic Products, China National Light Industry, Qingdao 266404, PR China.
| | - Xiangzhao Mao
- Qingdao Key Laboratory of Food Biotechnology, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266404, PR China; Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts of Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, PR China; Key Laboratory of Biological Processing of Aquatic Products, China National Light Industry, Qingdao 266404, PR China
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Lin CC, Hung SM, Lu KC, Cheng CC. pH Dependent Thermal Stabilization of DNA by Glcβ(1→3)GlcNAcβ1→STol. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.200400098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Abstract
The last one hundred years have witnessed a dramatic increase in the power and reach of total synthesis. The pantheon of accomplishments in the field includes the total synthesis of molecules of unimaginable beauty and diversity such as the four discussed in this article: endiandric acids (1982), calicheamicin gamma(1)(I) (1992), Taxol (1994), and brevetoxin B (1995). Chosen from the collection of the molecules synthesized in the author's laboratories, these structures are but a small fraction of the myriad constructed in laboratories around the world over the last century. Their stories, and the background on which they were based, should serve to trace the evolution of the art of chemical synthesis to its present sharp condition, an emergence that occurred as a result of new theories and mechanistic insights, new reactions, new reagents and catalysts, and new synthetic technologies and strategies. Indeed, the advent of chemical synthesis as a whole must be considered as one of the most influential developments of the twentieth century in terms of its impact on society.
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Affiliation(s)
- K C Nicolaou
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, USA.
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4
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Nicolaou KC, Chen JS, Dalby SM. From nature to the laboratory and into the clinic. Bioorg Med Chem 2008; 17:2290-303. [PMID: 19028103 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2008.10.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2008] [Accepted: 10/31/2008] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Natural products possess a broad diversity of structure and function, and they provide inspiration for chemistry, biology, and medicine. In this review article, we highlight and place in context our laboratory's total syntheses of, and related studies on, complex secondary metabolites that were clinically important drugs, or have since been developed into useful medicines, namely amphotericin B (1), calicheamicin gamma(1)(I) (2), rapamycin (3), Taxol (4), the epothilones [e.g., epothilones A (5) and B (6)], and vancomycin (7). We also briefly highlight our research with other selected inspirational natural products possessing interesting biological activities [i.e., dynemicin A (8), uncialamycin (9), eleutherobin (10), sarcodictyin A (11), azaspiracid-1 (12), thiostrepton (13), abyssomicin C (14), platensimycin (15), platencin (16), and palmerolide A (17)].
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Affiliation(s)
- K C Nicolaou
- Department of Chemistry and The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, BCC408, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
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Means J, Katz S, Nayek A, Anupam R, Hines JV, Bergmeier SC. Structure–activity studies of oxazolidinone analogs as RNA-binding agents. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2006; 16:3600-4. [PMID: 16603349 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2006.03.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2006] [Revised: 03/20/2006] [Accepted: 03/21/2006] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
We have synthesized and tested a series of novel 3,4,5-tri- and 4,5-disubstituted oxazolidinones for their ability to bind two structurally related T box antiterminator model RNAs. We have found that optimal binding selectivity is found in a small group of 4,5-disubstituted oxazolidinones.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Means
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, USA
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6
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Arya DP, Coffee RL, Xue L. From triplex to B-form duplex stabilization: reversal of target selectivity by aminoglycoside dimers. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2005; 14:4643-6. [PMID: 15324880 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2004.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2004] [Revised: 07/01/2004] [Accepted: 07/01/2004] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Aminoglycosides have been shown to target A-form nucleic acids. Our work has previously shown that neomycin (and other aminoglycosides) bind and stabilize DNA/RNA triplexes and other A-form nucleic acids. We report herein the unexpected B-form duplex stabilization shown by aminoglycoside dimers (neomycin-neomycin and neomycin-tobramycin). The dimers are highly selective for AT rich duplexes and show high affinity (K(a) approximately 10(8)M(-1)) as determined by isothermal titration calorimetry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dev P Arya
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA
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8
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Chen WC, Zou JW, Yu CH. Density functional study of the ring effect on the Myers-Saito cyclization and a comparison with the Bergman cyclization. J Org Chem 2003; 68:3663-72. [PMID: 12713376 DOI: 10.1021/jo0267246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Myers-Saito cyclizations of a series of enyne-allenes and enyne-butatrienes have been studied by density functional methods. The pure DFT method, BPW91, in conjunction with the 6-311 basis set is demonstrated to be suitable to study these systems. Geometry optimizations and harmonic frequency calculations were applied for every reactant, transition structure, as well as product. It has been shown that the cyclic structure of reactant lowers significantly the critical distance and reaction barrier. For the Myers-Saito product of (5Z)-1,2,3,5-cyclononatetraen-7-yne (10R), the confinement of ring leads to an essential change of the biradical character from sigma-pi type to sigma-sigma type. The through-bond coupling is therefore involved in this product as in the Bergman products. With the enlargement of the ring, the geometrical distortion weakens the through-bond coupling and raises the stability of the products. As a consequence, 1,5-didehydroindene (10P) presents a particularly long critical distance and lower thermodynamic stability. Detailed comparisons of the reactivities of 10R, (Z)-1-cyclononene-3,8-diyne (13R), and (Z)-1-cyclodecene-3,9-diyne (14R) that represent the core structure of a category of natural antitumor drugs have also been made. It reveals that the reactivity of these three systems is quite similar, despite the fact that the thermochemical properties of the prototypical Myers-Saito and Bergman cyclizations are significantly different from each other.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Chen Chen
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
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Rojo J, Morales JC, Penadés S. Carbohydrate-Carbohydrate Interactions in Biological and Model Systems. HOST-GUEST CHEMISTRY 2002. [DOI: 10.1007/3-540-45010-6_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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10
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Molecular basis for recognition and binding of specific DNA sequences by calicheamicin and duocarmycin. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s1067-568x(02)80005-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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11
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Nicolaou KC, Mitchell HJ. Adventures in Carbohydrate Chemistry: New Synthetic Technologies, Chemical Synthesis, Molecular Design, and Chemical Biology. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2001. [DOI: 10.1002/1521-3773(20010504)40:9<1576::aid-anie15760>3.0.co;2-g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 329] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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12
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Nicolaou KC, Mitchell HJ. Abenteuer in der Kohlenhydratchemie: Synthesestrategien, Synthesemethoden, Moleküldesign und biologische Chemie. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2001. [DOI: 10.1002/1521-3757(20010504)113:9<1624::aid-ange16240>3.0.co;2-n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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13
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Benites PJ, Rawat DS, Zaleski JM. Metalloenediynes: Ligand Field Control of Thermal Bergman Cyclization Reactions. J Am Chem Soc 2000. [DOI: 10.1021/ja0017918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pedro J. Benites
- Contribution from the Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405
| | - Diwan S. Rawat
- Contribution from the Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405
| | - Jeffrey M. Zaleski
- Contribution from the Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405
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14
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Coalter NL, Concolino TE, Streib WE, Hughes CG, Rheingold AL, Zaleski JM. Structure and Thermal Reactivity of a Novel Pd(0) Metalloenediyne. J Am Chem Soc 2000. [DOI: 10.1021/ja9944094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicole L. Coalter
- Contribution from the Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716
| | - Thomas E. Concolino
- Contribution from the Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716
| | - William E. Streib
- Contribution from the Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716
| | - Chris G. Hughes
- Contribution from the Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716
| | - Arnold L. Rheingold
- Contribution from the Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716
| | - Jeffrey M. Zaleski
- Contribution from the Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716
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Takahashi T, Tanaka H, Matsuda A, Doi T, Yamada H, Matsumoto T, Sasaki D, Sugiura Y. DNA cleaving activities of 9-membered masked enediyne analogues possessing DNA intercalator and sugar moieties. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 1998; 8:3303-6. [PMID: 9873723 DOI: 10.1016/s0960-894x(98)00606-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The DNA cleaving properties of various enediyne analogues possessing sugar moieties and DNA-intercalators were investigated. The DNA cleaving experiments show that these hybrids analogues induced sequence-selective DNA cleavage and the simple sugars in the enediyne serve as a DNA recognition element for DNA cleavage.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Takahashi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Japan
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16
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Bifulco G, Galeone A, Nicolaou KC, Chazin WJ, Gomez-Paloma L. Solution Structure of the Complex between the Head-to-Tail Dimer of Calicheamicin γ1I Oligosaccharide and a DNA Duplex Containing d(ACCT) and d(TCCT) High-Affinity Binding Sites. J Am Chem Soc 1998. [DOI: 10.1021/ja973910y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Bifulco
- Contribution from the Departments of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, and Dipartimento di Chimica delle Sostanze Naturali, Universita' degli studi di Napoli “Federico II”, via D. Montesano 49, Napoli 80131, Italy
| | - Aldo Galeone
- Contribution from the Departments of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, and Dipartimento di Chimica delle Sostanze Naturali, Universita' degli studi di Napoli “Federico II”, via D. Montesano 49, Napoli 80131, Italy
| | - K. C. Nicolaou
- Contribution from the Departments of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, and Dipartimento di Chimica delle Sostanze Naturali, Universita' degli studi di Napoli “Federico II”, via D. Montesano 49, Napoli 80131, Italy
| | - Walter J. Chazin
- Contribution from the Departments of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, and Dipartimento di Chimica delle Sostanze Naturali, Universita' degli studi di Napoli “Federico II”, via D. Montesano 49, Napoli 80131, Italy
| | - Luigi Gomez-Paloma
- Contribution from the Departments of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, and Dipartimento di Chimica delle Sostanze Naturali, Universita' degli studi di Napoli “Federico II”, via D. Montesano 49, Napoli 80131, Italy
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Matsumoto K, Noguchi Y, Yoshida N. Synthesis and antitumor activity of platinum(II) complexes of amino-cyclodextrin. Inorganica Chim Acta 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s0020-1693(97)06065-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Chen, Chang NY, Yu CH. Density Functional Study of Bergman Cyclization of Enediynes. J Phys Chem A 1998. [DOI: 10.1021/jp973261c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chen
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
| | - Nai-yuan Chang
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
| | - Chin-hui Yu
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
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20
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Kirschning A, Bechthold AFW, Rohr J. Chemical and biochemical aspects of deoxysugars and deoxysugar oligosaccharides. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 1997. [DOI: 10.1007/bfb0119234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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21
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Bifulco G, Galeone A, Gomez-Paloma L, Nicolaou KC, Chazin WJ. Solution Structure of the Head-to-Head Dimer of Calicheamicin Oligosaccharide Domain and d(CGTAGGATATCCTACG)2. J Am Chem Soc 1996. [DOI: 10.1021/ja961525n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Bifulco
- Contribution from the Departments of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N. Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, Department of Chemistry, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, and Dipartimento di Chimica delle Sostanze Naturali, Universita' degli studi di Napoli “Federico II”, via D. Montesano 49, Napoli 80131, Italy
| | - Aldo Galeone
- Contribution from the Departments of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N. Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, Department of Chemistry, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, and Dipartimento di Chimica delle Sostanze Naturali, Universita' degli studi di Napoli “Federico II”, via D. Montesano 49, Napoli 80131, Italy
| | - Luigi Gomez-Paloma
- Contribution from the Departments of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N. Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, Department of Chemistry, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, and Dipartimento di Chimica delle Sostanze Naturali, Universita' degli studi di Napoli “Federico II”, via D. Montesano 49, Napoli 80131, Italy
| | - K. C. Nicolaou
- Contribution from the Departments of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N. Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, Department of Chemistry, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, and Dipartimento di Chimica delle Sostanze Naturali, Universita' degli studi di Napoli “Federico II”, via D. Montesano 49, Napoli 80131, Italy
| | - Walter J. Chazin
- Contribution from the Departments of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N. Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, Department of Chemistry, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, and Dipartimento di Chimica delle Sostanze Naturali, Universita' degli studi di Napoli “Federico II”, via D. Montesano 49, Napoli 80131, Italy
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Trauger JW, Baird EE, Dervan PB. Extended hairpin polyamide motif for sequence-specific recognition in the minor groove of DNA. CHEMISTRY & BIOLOGY 1996; 3:369-77. [PMID: 8807866 DOI: 10.1016/s1074-5521(96)90120-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Three-ring polyamides containing N-methylimidazole and N-methylpyrrole amino acids bind sequence-specifically to double-helical DNA by forming side-by-side complexes in the minor groove. Simple pairing rules relate the amino-acid sequence of a pyrrole-imidazole polyamide to its expected DNA target site, and polyamides that target a wide variety of DNA sequences have been synthesized. We have shown previously that two three-ring subunits could be linked together by an aliphatic amino acid, increasing the binding affinity of the polyamide and, in some cases, increasing the length of the target sequence. We set out to determine whether different types of linkers could be used in a single molecule to generate a nine-ring polyamide molecule that would bind to specific DNA sequences. RESULTS A nine-ring pyrrole-imidazole polyamide, containing two different amino acid linkers, beta-alanine and gamma-aminobutyric acid, has been synthesized and shown to specifically bind a designated nine-base-pair target site at subnanomolar concentration in a novel extended hairpin conformation. CONCLUSIONS The amino acids gamma-aminobutyric acid and beta-alanine optimally link three-ring pyrrole-imidazole subunits in 'hairpin' and 'extended' conformations, respectively. Both aliphatic amino acids can be combined to generate a nine-ring polyamide that specifically recognizes a nine-base-pair target site with very high affinity.
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Affiliation(s)
- J W Trauger
- Arnold and Mabel Beckman Laboratories of Chemical Synthesis, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.
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23
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Nicolaou KC, Ajito K, Komatsu H, Smith BM, Bertinato P, Gomez-Paloma L. DNA–carbohydrate interactions. Design and synthesis of a head-to-tail dimer of the calicheamicin oligosaccharide. Chem Commun (Camb) 1996. [DOI: 10.1039/cc9960001495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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