1
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Wu X, Wang X, Zhang L, Wang X, Song S, Zhang H. Polyethylene Upgrading to Liquid Fuels Boosted by Atomic Ce Promoters. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202317594. [PMID: 38183405 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202317594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
Hydrocracking catalysis is a key route to plastic waste upgrading, but the acid site-driven C-C cleavage step is relatively sluggish in conventional bifunctional catalysts, dramatically effecting the overall efficiency. We demonstrate here a facile and efficient way to boost the reactivity of acid sites by introducing Ce promoters into Pt/HY catalysts, thus achieving a better metal-acid balance. Remarkably, 100 % of low-density polyethylene (LDPE) can be converted with 80.9 % selectivity of liquid fuels over the obtained Pt/5Ce-HY catalysts at 300 °C in 2 h. For comparison, Pt/HY only gives 38.8 % of LDPE conversion with 21.3 % selectivity of liquid fuels. Through multiple experimental studies on the structure-performance relationship, the Ce species occupied in the supercage are identified as the actual active sites, which possess remarkably-improved adsorption capability towards short-chain intermediates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueting Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Lingling Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, China
| | - Xiaomei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Shuyan Song
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Hongjie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
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2
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Hu H, Zhao Y, Zhang Y, Xi J, Xiao J, Cao S. Performance Regulation of Single-Atom Catalyst by Modulating the Microenvironment of Metal Sites. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2023; 381:24. [PMID: 37480375 DOI: 10.1007/s41061-023-00434-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/24/2023]
Abstract
Metal-based catalysts, encompassing both homogeneous and heterogeneous types, play a vital role in the modern chemical industry. Heterogeneous metal-based catalysts usually possess more varied catalytically active centers than homogeneous catalysts, making it challenging to regulate their catalytic performance. In contrast, homogeneous catalysts have defined active-site structures, and their performance can be easily adjusted by modifying the ligand. These characteristics lead to remarkable conceptual and technical differences between homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts. As a recently emerging class of catalytic material, single-atom catalysts (SACs) have become one of the most active new frontiers in the catalysis field and show great potential to bridge homogeneous and heterogeneous catalytic processes. This review documents a brief introduction to SACs and their role in a range of reactions involving single-atom catalysis. To fully understand process-structure-property relationships of single-atom catalysis in chemical reactions, active sites or coordination structure and performance regulation strategies (e.g., tuning chemical and physical environment of single atoms) of SACs are comprehensively summarized. Furthermore, we discuss the application limitations, development trends and future challenges of single-atom catalysis and present a perspective on further constructing a highly efficient (e.g., activity, selectivity and stability), single-atom catalytic system for a broader scope of reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanyu Hu
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Engineering Process of Ministry of Education, Engineering Research Center of Phosphorus Resources Development and Utilization of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Novel Biomass-Based Environmental and Energy Materials in Petroleum and Chemical Industry, Hubei Key Laboratory of Novel Reactor and Green Chemical Technology, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, 430073, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanyan Zhao
- Rowland Institute at Harvard, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
| | - Yue Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Engineering Process of Ministry of Education, Engineering Research Center of Phosphorus Resources Development and Utilization of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Novel Biomass-Based Environmental and Energy Materials in Petroleum and Chemical Industry, Hubei Key Laboratory of Novel Reactor and Green Chemical Technology, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, 430073, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiangbo Xi
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Engineering Process of Ministry of Education, Engineering Research Center of Phosphorus Resources Development and Utilization of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Novel Biomass-Based Environmental and Energy Materials in Petroleum and Chemical Industry, Hubei Key Laboratory of Novel Reactor and Green Chemical Technology, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, 430073, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jian Xiao
- School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, 430205, People's Republic of China.
| | - Sufeng Cao
- Aramco Boston Research Center, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA.
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3
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Liao YK, Lagostina V, Salvadori E, Hartmann M, Poeppl A, Chiesa M. Short-Range Electronic Interactions between Vanadium and Molybdenum in Bimetallic SAPO-5 Catalysts Revealed by Hyperfine Spectroscopy. THE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. C, NANOMATERIALS AND INTERFACES 2023; 127:11103-11110. [PMID: 37342203 PMCID: PMC10278125 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.3c01817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023]
Abstract
Engineering two cooperative sites into a catalyst implies the onset of synergistic effects related to the existence of short-range electronic interactions between two metal components. However, these interactions and the relative structure-property correlations are often difficult to obtain. Here we show that hyperfine spectroscopy has the potential to reveal the presence of V4+-O-Mo6+ linkages assessing the degree of spin density transfer from paramagnetic V4+ species to proximal oxo-bridged Mo6+ metal ions. The dimer species were prepared by adsorption of Mo(CO)6 in the pores of SAPO-5, followed by thermal decomposition and oxidation and subsequent grafting of anhydrous VCl4(g) followed by hydrolysis and dehydration. The metal species react with SAPO protons during the exchange process and generate new Lewis acid sites, which act as redox centers. X- and Q-band EPR and HYSCORE experiments have been employed to monitor the local environment of V4+ species obtaining direct evidence for spin delocalization over 27Al, 31P, 95Mo, and 97Mo nuclei, demonstrating the presence of bimetallic V-O-Mo well-defined structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Kai Liao
- Department
of Chemistry and NIS Centre of Excellence, University of Turin, via Giuria 9, 10125 Torino, Italy
- Felix
Bloch Institute for Solid State Physics, Leipzig University, Linnéstr. 5, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Valeria Lagostina
- Department
of Chemistry and NIS Centre of Excellence, University of Turin, via Giuria 9, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Enrico Salvadori
- Department
of Chemistry and NIS Centre of Excellence, University of Turin, via Giuria 9, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Martin Hartmann
- Erlangen
Center for Interface Research and Catalysis (ECRC), FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Andreas Poeppl
- Felix
Bloch Institute for Solid State Physics, Leipzig University, Linnéstr. 5, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Mario Chiesa
- Department
of Chemistry and NIS Centre of Excellence, University of Turin, via Giuria 9, 10125 Torino, Italy
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4
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Qi L, Das S, Zhang Y, Nozik D, Gates BC, Bell AT. Ethene Hydroformylation Catalyzed by Rhodium Dispersed with Zinc or Cobalt in Silanol Nests of Dealuminated Zeolite Beta. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:2911-2929. [PMID: 36715296 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c11075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Catalysts for hydroformylation of ethene were prepared by grafting Rh into nests of ≡SiOZn-OH or ≡SiOCo-OH species prepared in dealuminated BEA zeolite. X-ray absorption spectra and infrared spectra of adsorbed CO were used to characterize the dispersion of Rh. The Rh dispersion was found to increase markedly with increasing M/Rh (M = Zn or Co) ratio; further increases in Rh dispersion occurred upon use for ethene hydroformylation catalysis. The turnover frequency for ethene hydroformylation measured for a fixed set of reaction conditions increased with the fraction of atomically dispersed Rh. The ethene hydroformylation activity is 15.5-fold higher for M = Co than for M = Zn, whereas the propanal selectivity is slightly greater for the latter catalyst. The activity of the Co-containing catalyst exceeds that of all previously reported Rh-containing bimetallic catalysts. The rates of ethene hydroformylation and ethene hydrogenation exhibit positive reaction orders in ethene and hydrogen but negative orders in carbon monoxide. In situ IR spectroscopy and the kinetics of the catalytic reactions suggest that ethene hydroformylation is mainly catalyzed by atomically dispersed Rh that is influenced by Rh-M interactions, whereas ethene hydrogenation is mainly catalyzed by Rh nanoclusters. In situ IR spectroscopy also indicates that the ethene hydroformylation is rate limited by formation of propionyl groups and by their hydrogenation, a conclusion supported by the measured H/D kinetic isotope effect. This study presents a novel method for creating highly active Rh-containing bimetallic sites for ethene hydroformylation and provides new insights into the mechanism and kinetics of this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Qi
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States.,Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States.,National Engineering Laboratory for Methanol to Olefins, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Sonali Das
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Yanfei Zhang
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States.,Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States.,College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian 116026, China
| | - Danna Nozik
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States.,Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Bruce C Gates
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Alexis T Bell
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States.,Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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5
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Ro I, Qi J, Lee S, Xu M, Yan X, Xie Z, Zakem G, Morales A, Chen JG, Pan X, Vlachos DG, Caratzoulas S, Christopher P. Bifunctional hydroformylation on heterogeneous Rh-WO x pair site catalysts. Nature 2022; 609:287-292. [PMID: 36071187 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-05075-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Metal-catalysed reactions are often hypothesized to proceed on bifunctional active sites, whereby colocalized reactive species facilitate distinct elementary steps in a catalytic cycle1-8. Bifunctional active sites have been established on homogeneous binuclear organometallic catalysts9-11. Empirical evidence exists for bifunctional active sites on supported metal catalysts, for example, at metal-oxide support interfaces2,6,7,12. However, elucidating bifunctional reaction mechanisms on supported metal catalysts is challenging due to the distribution of potential active-site structures, their dynamic reconstruction and required non-mean-field kinetic descriptions7,12,13. We overcome these limitations by synthesizing supported, atomically dispersed rhodium-tungsten oxide (Rh-WOx) pair site catalysts. The relative simplicity of the pair site structure and sufficient description by mean-field modelling enable correlation of the experimental kinetics with first principles-based microkinetic simulations. The Rh-WOx pair sites catalyse ethylene hydroformylation through a bifunctional mechanism involving Rh-assisted WOx reduction, transfer of ethylene from WOx to Rh and H2 dissociation at the Rh-WOx interface. The pair sites exhibited >95% selectivity at a product formation rate of 0.1 gpropanal cm-3 h-1 in gas-phase ethylene hydroformylation. Our results demonstrate that oxide-supported pair sites can enable bifunctional reaction mechanisms with high activity and selectivity for reactions that are performed in industry using homogeneous catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Insoo Ro
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA.,Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Catalysis Center for Energy Innovation, Newark, DE, USA
| | - Ji Qi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA.,Catalysis Center for Energy Innovation, Newark, DE, USA
| | - Seungyeon Lee
- Catalysis Center for Energy Innovation, Newark, DE, USA.,Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
| | - Mingjie Xu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Xingxu Yan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Zhenhua Xie
- Chemistry Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, USA.,Department of Chemical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Gregory Zakem
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA
| | - Austin Morales
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA
| | - Jingguang G Chen
- Chemistry Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, USA.,Department of Chemical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Xiaoqing Pan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA.,Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA.,Irvine Materials Research Institute (IMRI), University of California Irvine, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Dionisios G Vlachos
- Catalysis Center for Energy Innovation, Newark, DE, USA.,Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
| | - Stavros Caratzoulas
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
| | - Phillip Christopher
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA. .,Catalysis Center for Energy Innovation, Newark, DE, USA.
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6
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Chepaikin EG, Menchikova GN, Pomogailo SI, Martynenko VM, Kornev AB, Khramov EV, Smirnova NS, Yakushev IA. Heterogenized homogeneous catalytic systems for the oxidation of carbon monoxide and propane. Russ Chem Bull 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11172-021-3244-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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7
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Perez-Aguilar JE, Hughes JT, Chen CY, Gates BC. Transformation of atomically dispersed platinum in SAPO-37 into platinum clusters: catalyst for ethylene hydrogenation. Catal Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1cy01216a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Atomically dispersed supported platinum catalysts were synthesized by the reaction of Pt(acac)2 (acac = acetylacetonato) with the silicoaluminophosphate molecular sieve SAPO-37, with infrared spectra showing that the reaction involved SAPO OH groups.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Cong-Yan Chen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
- Chevron Technical Center, Richmond, CA 94802, USA
| | - Bruce C. Gates
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
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8
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Resasco J, Christopher P. Atomically Dispersed Pt-group Catalysts: Reactivity, Uniformity, Structural Evolution, and Paths to Increased Functionality. J Phys Chem Lett 2020; 11:10114-10123. [PMID: 33191757 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c02904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The development of experimental and computational tools that give accurate and visual active site descriptions has renewed research interest in atomically dispersed metal catalysts. In this perspective, we describe our approach to synthesizing and understanding atomically dispersed Pt-group metals on oxide supports. Using site-specific characterization, we show that these metal species have distinct reactivity from metal clusters. We argue that producing materials where all metal sites have identical local coordination is key to both accurately assessing catalytic properties and achieving single-site behavior. Methods for assessing site uniformity are considered. We show that producing uniform metal species allows us to describe their structure at the atomic scale and understand how this structure evolves under different conditions. Finally, we suggest pathways to increased functionality for atomically dispersed catalysts, through control of their local coordination and steric environment and through cooperativity with different sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joaquin Resasco
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93117, United States
| | - Phillip Christopher
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93117, United States
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9
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Babucci M, Guntida A, Gates BC. Atomically Dispersed Metals on Well-Defined Supports including Zeolites and Metal–Organic Frameworks: Structure, Bonding, Reactivity, and Catalysis. Chem Rev 2020; 120:11956-11985. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c00864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Melike Babucci
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Davis, California, 95616, United States
| | - Adisak Guntida
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Davis, California, 95616, United States
- Center of Excellence on Catalysis and Catalytic Reaction Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Bruce C. Gates
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Davis, California, 95616, United States
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10
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Cooper C, Dooley KM, Fierro-Gonzalez JC, Guzman J, Jentoft R, Lamb HH, Ogino I, Runnebaum RC, Sapre A, Uzun A. Bruce Gates: A Career in Catalysis. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c03568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cawas Cooper
- Codexis Inc., 200 Penobscot Drive, Redwood City, California 94063, United States
| | - Kerry M. Dooley
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| | - Juan C. Fierro-Gonzalez
- Departamento de Ingenieria Quimica, Tecnologico Nacional de Mexico en Celaya, Av. Tecnologico y Antonio Garcia Cubas s/n, Celaya, Guanajuato 38010, Mexico
| | - Javier Guzman
- ExxonMobil Research and Engineering Co., 22777 Springwood Village Parkway, Spring, Texas 77389, United States
| | - Rolf Jentoft
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Massachusetts, 154D Goessmann Laboratory, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003-9303, United States
| | - H. Henry Lamb
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-7905, United States
| | - Isao Ogino
- Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, N13W8, Kita-Ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8628, Japan
| | - Ron C. Runnebaum
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Department of Viticulture & Enology, University of California−Davis, One Shields Ave., Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Ajit Sapre
- Reliance Industries Ltd., Ghansoli, Navi Mumbai, 400701, Mumbai, Maharashtra India
| | - Alper Uzun
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Koç University, Rumelifeneri Yolu, Sariyer, 34450, Istanbul, Turkey
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