1
|
Navarro M, Holzapfel M, Campos J. A Cavity-Shaped Gold(I) Fragment Enables CO 2 Insertion into Au-OH and Au-NH Bonds. Inorg Chem 2023. [PMID: 37367828 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c00751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
A cavity-shaped linear gold(I) hydroxide complex acts as a platform to access unusual gold monomeric species. Notably, this sterically crowded gold fragment enables the trapping of CO2 via insertion into Au-OH and Au-NH bonds to form unprecedented monomeric gold(I) carbonate and carbamate complexes. In addition, we succeeded in the identification of the first gold(I) terminal hydride bearing a phosphine ligand. The basic nature of the Au(I)-hydroxide moiety is also explored through the reactivity toward other molecules containing acidic protons such as trifluoromethanesulfonic acid and terminal alkynes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miquel Navarro
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ), Departamento de Química Inorgánica and Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) and University of Sevilla, Sevilla 41092, Spain
| | - Markus Holzapfel
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ), Departamento de Química Inorgánica and Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) and University of Sevilla, Sevilla 41092, Spain
| | - Jesús Campos
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ), Departamento de Química Inorgánica and Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) and University of Sevilla, Sevilla 41092, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Wang Z, Zhang C, Wu J, Li B, Chrostowska A, Karamanis P, Liu SY. trans-Hydroalkynylation of Internal 1,3-Enynes Enabled by Cooperative Catalysis. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:5624-5630. [PMID: 36862947 PMCID: PMC10162690 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c00514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
Abstract
A cooperative catalyst system involving a Pd(0)/Senphos complex, tris(pentafluorophenyl)borane, copper bromide, and an amine base, is demonstrated to catalyze trans-hydroalkynylation of internal 1,3-enynes. For the first time, a Lewis acid catalyst is shown to promote the reaction involving the emerging outer-sphere oxidative reaction step. The resulting cross-conjugated dieneynes are versatile synthons for organic synthesis, and their characterization reveals distinct photophysical properties depending on the positioning of the donor/acceptor substituents along the conjugation path.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ziyong Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467-3860, United States
| | - Chen Zhang
- Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, E2S UPPA/CNRS, Institut des Sciences Analytiques et de Physico-Chimie pour l'Environnement et les Matériaux IPREM UMR 5254. Hélioparc, 2 Avenue P. Angot, 64053 Pau Cedex 09, France
| | - Jason Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467-3860, United States
| | - Bo Li
- Department of Chemistry, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467-3860, United States
| | - Anna Chrostowska
- Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, E2S UPPA/CNRS, Institut des Sciences Analytiques et de Physico-Chimie pour l'Environnement et les Matériaux IPREM UMR 5254. Hélioparc, 2 Avenue P. Angot, 64053 Pau Cedex 09, France
| | - Panaghiotis Karamanis
- Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, E2S UPPA/CNRS, Institut des Sciences Analytiques et de Physico-Chimie pour l'Environnement et les Matériaux IPREM UMR 5254. Hélioparc, 2 Avenue P. Angot, 64053 Pau Cedex 09, France
| | - Shih-Yuan Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467-3860, United States
- Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, E2S UPPA/CNRS, Institut des Sciences Analytiques et de Physico-Chimie pour l'Environnement et les Matériaux IPREM UMR 5254. Hélioparc, 2 Avenue P. Angot, 64053 Pau Cedex 09, France
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Metal-Catalyzed Cascade Reactions between Alkynoic Acids and Dinucleophiles: A Review. Catalysts 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/catal13030495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cascade reactions provide a straightforward access to many valuable compounds and reduce considerably the number of steps of a synthetic sequence. Among the domino and multicomponent processes that involve alkynes, the cascade reaction between alkynoic acids and C-, N-, O- and S-aminonucleophiles stands out as a particularly powerful tool for the one-pot construction of libraries of nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds with scaffold diversity and molecular complexity. This reaction, based on an initial metal-catalyzed cycloisomerization that generates an alkylidene lactone intermediate, was originally catalyzed by gold(I) catalysts, along with silver salts or Brönsted acid additives, but other alternative metal catalysts have emerged in the last decade as well as different reaction media. This review examines the existing literature on the topic of metal-catalyzed cascade reactions of acetylenic acids and dinucleophiles and discusses aspects concerning substrate/catalyst ratio for every catalyst system, nature of the aminonucleophile involved and substrate scope. In addition, alternative solvents are also considered, and an insight into the pathway of the reaction and possible intermediates is also provided.
Collapse
|
4
|
Fang S, Chen W, Jiang H, Ma R, Wu W. Palladium-catalyzed oxidative C-H activation/annulation of N-alkylanilines with bromoalkynes: access to functionalized 3-bromoindoles. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:9666-9669. [PMID: 35946388 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc03298h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A straightforward approach to the synthesis of 3-bromoindoles via palladium-catalyzed oxidative C-H activation/annulation of N-alkylanilines with bromoalkynes has been described. This protocol features high atom economy, excellent chemo- and regioselectivities, and good functional group tolerance. Moreover, the resultant 3-bromoindoles can be transformed to various functionalized indole derivatives, which demonstrates the practicability of this method in organic synthesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Songjia Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Wenhao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Huanfeng Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Ruize Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Wanqing Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Wei C, Wu J, Zhang L, Xia Z. Gold(I)-Catalyzed Selective Hydroarylation of Indoles with Haloalkynes. Org Lett 2022; 24:4689-4693. [PMID: 35714368 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c01921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A highly regio- and stereoselective synthesis of a Z-alkenyl indole via the gold-catalyzed addition of an indole to a haloalkyne was developed. In the presence of gold catalyst SIPrAuCl and cocatalyst NaBARF, a broad range of indoles react with haloalkynes to afford Z-alkenyl indoles with high selectivity at room temperature. Computational studies suggest that the hydroarylation reaction takes place via a concerted C2 addition pathway of the indole to the activated haloalkyne.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cunbo Wei
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jiawen Wu
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Lizhu Zhang
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Zhonghua Xia
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Siera H, Kreuzahler M, Wölper C, Haberhauer G. Regio‐ and Stereoselective Synthesis of Ynenamides through Gold(I)‐Catalyzed Hydroalkynylation of Ynamides. European J Org Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202200591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Siera
- University of Duisburg-Essen: Universitat Duisburg-Essen Institut für Organische Chemie GERMANY
| | - Mathis Kreuzahler
- University of Duisburg-Essen: Universitat Duisburg-Essen Institut für Organische Chemie GERMANY
| | - Christoph Wölper
- University of Duisburg-Essen: Universitat Duisburg-Essen Institut für Anorganische Chemie GERMANY
| | - Gebhard Haberhauer
- Universität Duisburg-Essen Institut für Organische Chemie Universitätsstraße 7 45117 Essen GERMANY
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
The crystal structure of 17-(bromoethynyl)-17-hydroxy-10, 13-dimethyl- 1,2,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17-tetradecahydro-3 H-cyclopenta[ a]phenanthren-3-one, C 21H 27BrO 2. Z KRIST-NEW CRYST ST 2022. [DOI: 10.1515/ncrs-2022-0165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
C21H27BrO2, monoclinic, P21 (no. 4), a = 6.6220(14) Å, b = 11.7640(2) Å, c = 11.8485(2) Å, β = 95.0757(19)° V = 919.39(3) Å3, Z = 2, R
gt
(F) = 0.0264, wR
ref
(F
2) = 0.0695, T = 150 K, Flack-parameter = 0.007(13).
Collapse
|
8
|
Ji X, Nie J, Peng X, Hu J, Xu X, Huang Y, Li Y, Jiang H. Palladium-Catalyzed Cross Haloalkynylation of Haloalkynes. Org Lett 2022; 24:3384-3388. [PMID: 35481743 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c01161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we have developed a robust Pd-catalyzed haloalkynylation of haloalkynes for the synthesis of dihaloalkenyne derivatives. This cross-haloalkynylation reaction proceeds in a highly chemo- and regioselective manner under mild conditions in the presence of two slightly structurally different haloalkynes and shows strong functional group tolerance under ligand- and base-free conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoliang Ji
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, Guangdong 529090, China
| | - Jinli Nie
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, Guangdong 529090, China
| | - Xin Peng
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, Guangdong 529090, China
| | - Jinhui Hu
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, Guangdong 529090, China
| | - Xuetao Xu
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, Guangdong 529090, China
| | - Yubing Huang
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, Guangdong 529090, China
| | - Yibiao Li
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, Guangdong 529090, China
| | - Huanfeng Jiang
- Key Lab of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Hermosilla P, García-Orduña P, Sanz Miguel PJ, Polo V, Casado MA. Nucleophilic Reactivity at a ═CH Arm of a Lutidine-Based CNC/Rh System: Unusual Alkyne and CO 2 Activation. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:7120-7129. [PMID: 35476902 PMCID: PMC9994788 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c00617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Reaction of an amido pincer complex [(CNC)*Rh(CO)] (1) (CNC* is the deprotonated form of CNC) with carbon dioxide gave a neutral complex [(CNC-CO2)Mes*Rh(CO)] (2), which is the result of a C-C bond-forming reaction between the deprotonated arm of the CNC* ligand and CO2. The molecular structure of 2 showed a zwitterionic complex, where the CO2 moiety is covalently connected to the former ═CH arm of the CNC* pincer ligand. The unusual structure of 1 allowed us to explore the reactivity of the CO2 moiety with selected primary amines RNH2 (benzylamine and ammonia), which afforded cationic complexes [(CNC)MesRh(CO)][HRNC(O)O] (R = Bz (3), H (4)). Compounds 3 and 4 are the result of a C-N coupling between the incoming amine and the CO2 fragment covalently connected to the pincer ligand in 2, a process that involves protonation of the "CH-CO2" fragment in 2 from the respective amines. Once revealed the nucleophilic character of the ═CH fragment in 1, we explored its reactivity with alkynes, a study that enlightened a novel reactivity trend in alkyne activation. Reaction of 1 with terminal alkynes RC≡CH (R = Ph, 2-py, 4-C6H4-CF3) yielded neutral complexes [(CNC-CH═CHR)Mes*Rh(CO)] (R = Ph (5), 2-py (6), 4-C6H4-CF3 (7)) in good yields. Deuterium labeling experiments with PhC≡CD confirmed that complex 5 is the product of a formal insertion of the alkyne into the C(sp2)-H bond of the deprotonated arm in 1. This structural proposal was further confirmed by the X-ray molecular structure of phenyl complex 5, which showed the alkyne covalently linked to the pincer ligand. Besides, this novel transformation was analyzed by DFT methods and showed a metal-ligand cooperative mechanism, based on the initial electrophilic attack of the alkyne to the ═CH arm of the CNCMes* ligand (making a new C-C bond) followed by the action of a protic base (HN(SiMe3)2), which is able to perform a proton rearrangement that leads to the final product 5.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Hermosilla
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Pilar García-Orduña
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Pablo J Sanz Miguel
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Víctor Polo
- Departamento de Química Física and Instituto de Biocomputación y Física de los Sistemas Complejos (BIFI), Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Miguel A Casado
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Thiazol-2-ylidenes as N-Heterocyclic carbene ligands with enhanced electrophilicity for transition metal catalysis. Commun Chem 2022; 5:60. [PMID: 36697942 PMCID: PMC9814509 DOI: 10.1038/s42004-022-00675-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the last 20 years, N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) have emerged as a dominant direction in ligand development in transition metal catalysis. In particular, strong σ-donation in combination with tunable steric environment make NHCs to be among the most common ligands used for C-C and C-heteroatom bond formation. Herein, we report the study on steric and electronic properties of thiazol-2-ylidenes. We demonstrate that the thiazole heterocycle and enhanced π-electrophilicity result in a class of highly active carbene ligands for electrophilic cyclization reactions to form valuable oxazoline heterocycles. The evaluation of steric, electron-donating and π-accepting properties as well as structural characterization and coordination chemistry is presented. This mode of catalysis can be applied to late-stage drug functionalization to furnish attractive building blocks for medicinal chemistry. Considering the key role of N-heterocyclic ligands, we anticipate that N-aryl thiazol-2-ylidenes will be of broad interest as ligands in modern chemical synthesis.
Collapse
|
11
|
Fernández-Canelas P, Barrio P, González JM. Merging gold catalysis and haloethynyl frames: emphasis on halide-shift processes. Tetrahedron Lett 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2022.153857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
12
|
Epton RG, Unsworth WP, Lynam JM. Selectivity, Speciation, and Substrate Control in the Gold-Catalyzed Coupling of Indoles and Alkynes. Organometallics 2022; 41:497-507. [PMID: 35431397 PMCID: PMC9007570 DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.2c00035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
![]()
A convenient
and mild protocol for the gold-catalyzed intermolecular
coupling of substituted indoles with carbonyl-functionalized alkynes
to give vinyl indoles is reported. This reaction affords 3-substituted
indoles in high yield, and in contrast to the analogous reactions
with simple alkynes which give bisindolemethanes,
only a single indole is added to the alkyne. The protocol is robust
and tolerates substitution at a range of positions of the indole and
the use of ester-, amide-, and ketone-substituted alkynes. The use
of 3-substituted indoles as substrates results in the introduction
of the vinyl substituent at the 2-position of the ring. A combined
experimental and computational mechanistic study has revealed that
the gold catalyst has a greater affinity to the indole than the alkyne,
despite the carbon–carbon bond formation step proceeding through
an η2(π)-alkyne complex, which helps to explain
the stark differences between the intra- and intermolecular variants
of the reaction. This study also demonstrated that the addition of
a second indole to the carbonyl-containing vinyl indole products is
both kinetically and thermodynamically less favored than in the case
of more simple alkynes, providing an explanation for the observed
selectivity. Finally, a highly unusual gold-promoted alkyne dimerization
reaction to form a substituted gold pyrylium salt has been identified
and studied in detail.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ryan G. Epton
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, U.K
| | - William P. Unsworth
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, U.K
| | - Jason M. Lynam
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, U.K
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Gotsko MD, Saliy IV, Sobenina LN, Ushakov IA, Trofimov BA. Tosyl/pyrrolyl-capped 1,3-enynes via t-BuOK-assisted reaction of TosMIC with acylethynylpyrroles: a new feature of this popular reagent. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2nj02827a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
1-Tosyl-4-pyrrolyl-1,3-enynes have been synthesized in 37–68% yields by t-BuOK-assisted chemo selective reaction (reflux in THF, 1 h) of 2-(acylethynyl)pyrroles with tosylmethylisocyanide (TosMIC), a widespread reagent, which here manifests a new functionality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maxim D. Gotsko
- A.E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 1 Favorsky St., Irkutsk 664033, Russian Federation
| | - Ivan V. Saliy
- A.E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 1 Favorsky St., Irkutsk 664033, Russian Federation
| | - Lyubov’ N. Sobenina
- A.E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 1 Favorsky St., Irkutsk 664033, Russian Federation
| | - Igor A. Ushakov
- A.E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 1 Favorsky St., Irkutsk 664033, Russian Federation
| | - Boris A. Trofimov
- A.E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 1 Favorsky St., Irkutsk 664033, Russian Federation
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Mallick RK, Dutta S, Protim Gogoi M, Sahoo AK. Keteniminium Induced Dienone‐Phenol Rearrangement and Intramolecular 6‐
endo
‐dig Cyclization Cascade of Yne‐Dienone. Helv Chim Acta 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.202100198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Shubham Dutta
- School of Chemistry University of Hyderabad 500046 Hyderabad India
| | | | - Akhila K. Sahoo
- School of Chemistry University of Hyderabad 500046 Hyderabad India
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Abstract
Metal catalysis has revolutionized synthetic chemistry, leading to entirely new, very efficient transformations, which enable access to complex functionalized molecules. One such new transformation method is the haloalkynylation reaction, in which both a halogen atom and an alkynyl unit are transferred to an unsaturated carbon‐carbon bond. This minireview summarizes the development of metal‐catalyzed haloalkynylation reactions since their beginning about a decade ago. So far, arynes, alkenes and alkynes have been used as unsaturated systems and the reactivities of these systems are summarized in individual chapters of the minireview. Especially, the last few years have witnessed a rapid development due to gold‐catalyzed reactions. Here, we discuss how the choice of the catalytic system influences the regio‐ and stereoselectivity of the addition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mathis Kreuzahler
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstraße 7, 45117, Essen, Germany
| | - Gebhard Haberhauer
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstraße 7, 45117, Essen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Chai XY, Xu HB, Dong L. Cascade Reaction to Selectively Synthesize Multifunctional Indole Derivatives by Ir III -Catalyzed C-H Activation. Chemistry 2021; 27:13123-13127. [PMID: 34369008 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202101602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
An effective and condition-controlled way to synthesize with high selectivity a variety of functionalized indoles with potent biological properties has been developed. Notably, 2,4-dialkynyl indole products were obtained by direct double C-H bond alkynylation, whereas alkynyl at the C4 position could convert to carbonyl to generate 2-alkynyl-3,4-diacetyl indoles fast and effectively. Additionally, a one-pot relay catalytic reaction led to 2,5-di-alkynyl-3,4-diacetyl indoles when using a carbonyl group as the directing group and by controlling the type and quantity of additives. A possible mechanism was proposed based on many studies including deuterium-exchange experiments, the necessary conditions of product conversion, and the effect of water on the reaction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Yue Chai
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and, Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P. R. China
| | - Hui-Bei Xu
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and, Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P. R. China
| | - Lin Dong
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and, Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Franchino A, Montesinos-Magraner M, Echavarren AM. Silver-Free Catalysis with Gold(I) Chloride Complexes. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2021. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20200358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Allegra Franchino
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Marc Montesinos-Magraner
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Antonio M. Echavarren
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
- Departament de Química Analítica i Química Orgànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/Marcel·lí Domingo s/n, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Chintawar CC, Yadav AK, Kumar A, Sancheti SP, Patil NT. Divergent Gold Catalysis: Unlocking Molecular Diversity through Catalyst Control. Chem Rev 2021; 121:8478-8558. [PMID: 33555193 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c00903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The catalyst-directed divergent synthesis, commonly termed as "divergent catalysis", has emerged as a promising technique as it allows chartering of structurally distinct products from common substrates simply by modulating the catalyst system. In this regard, gold complexes emerged as powerful catalysts as they offer unique reactivity profiles as compared to various other transition metal catalysts, primarily due to their salient electronic and geometrical features. Owing to the tunable soft π-acidic nature, gold catalysts not only evolved as superior contenders for catalyzing the reactions of alkynes, alkenes, and allenes but also, more intriguingly, have been found to provide divergent reaction pathways over other π-acid catalysts such as Ag, Pt, Pd, Rh, Cu, In, Sc, Hg, Zn, etc. The recent past has witnessed a renaissance in such examples wherein, by choosing gold catalysts over other transition metal catalysts or by fine-tuning the ligands, counteranions or oxidation states of the gold catalyst itself, a complete reactivity switch was observed. However, reviews documenting such examples are sporadic; as a result, most of the reports of this kind remained scattered in the literature, thereby hampering further development of this burgeoning field. By conceptualizing the idea of "Divergent Gold Catalysis (DGC)", this review aims to consolidate all such reports and provide a unified approach necessary to pave the way for further advancement of this exciting area. Based on the factors governing the divergence in product formation, an explicit classification of DGC has been provided. To gain a fundamental understanding of the divergence in observed reactivities and selectivities, the review is accompanied by mechanistic insights at appropriate places.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chetan C Chintawar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhauri, Bhopal 462 066, India
| | - Amit K Yadav
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhauri, Bhopal 462 066, India
| | - Anil Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhauri, Bhopal 462 066, India
| | - Shashank P Sancheti
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhauri, Bhopal 462 066, India
| | - Nitin T Patil
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhauri, Bhopal 462 066, India
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Lin X, Fang C, Huang X, Xiao X. 1,1,2-Tribromoethyl arenes: novel and highly efficient precursors for the synthesis of 1-bromoalkynes and α-bromoketones. Org Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qo00793a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A novel tribromination method to prepare versatile intermediate 1,1,2-tribromoethyl arenes, which can not only be transformed to synthetically valuable 1-bromoalkynes via elimination but also be hydrolyzed to a variety of α-bromoketones, was developed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xia Lin
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials
- Department of Chemistry
- Zhejiang Normal University
- Jinhua
- China
| | - Chengtao Fang
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials
- Department of Chemistry
- Zhejiang Normal University
- Jinhua
- China
| | - Xiaolei Huang
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials
- Department of Chemistry
- Zhejiang Normal University
- Jinhua
- China
| | - Xiaohui Xiao
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials
- Department of Chemistry
- Zhejiang Normal University
- Jinhua
- China
| |
Collapse
|