1
|
Liu S, Zhou J, Yu L, Liu Y, Huang Y, Ouyang Y, Liu GK, Xu XH, Shibata N. Nitrogen-Based Organofluorine Functional Molecules: Synthesis and Applications. Chem Rev 2025; 125:4603-4764. [PMID: 40261821 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.4c00661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/24/2025]
Abstract
Fluorine and nitrogen form a successful partnership in organic synthesis, medicinal chemistry, and material sciences. Although fluorine-nitrogen chemistry has a long and rich history, this field has received increasing interest and made remarkable progress over the past two decades, driven by recent advancements in transition metal and organocatalysis and photochemistry. This review, emphasizing contributions from 2015 to 2023, aims to update the state of the art of the synthesis and applications of nitrogen-based organofluorine functional molecules in organic synthesis and medicinal chemistry. In dedicated sections, we first focus on fluorine-containing reagents organized according to the type of fluorine-containing groups attached to nitrogen, including N-F, N-RF, N-SRF, and N-ORF. This review also covers nitrogen-linked fluorine-containing building blocks, catalysts, pharmaceuticals, and agrochemicals, underlining these components' broad applicability and growing importance in modern chemistry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Donghua University, 2999 North Renmin Road, Shanghai 201620, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Carbohydrate Synthesis, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, China
| | - Jun Zhou
- Department of Nanopharmaceutical Sciences & Department of Life Science and Applied Chemistry, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8555, Japan
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Lu Yu
- Key Laboratory of Fluorine and Nitrogen Chemistry and Advanced Materials, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Science, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yingle Liu
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Sichuan University of Science&Engineering, 180 Xueyuan Street, Huixing Lu, Zigong, Sichuan 643000, China
| | - Yangen Huang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Donghua University, 2999 North Renmin Road, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Yao Ouyang
- Key Laboratory of Fluorine and Nitrogen Chemistry and Advanced Materials, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Science, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Guo-Kai Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Xiu-Hua Xu
- Key Laboratory of Fluorine and Nitrogen Chemistry and Advanced Materials, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Science, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Norio Shibata
- Department of Nanopharmaceutical Sciences & Department of Life Science and Applied Chemistry, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8555, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Das S, Das R, Ghosh T, Kumar Nandi R. Recent Advancement on Selectfluor Mediated Synthesis of Heterocyclic Molecules. CHEM REC 2025; 25:e202400216. [PMID: 39817861 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202400216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2024] [Revised: 12/31/2024] [Indexed: 01/18/2025]
Abstract
Selectfluor, [1-chloromethyl-4-fluoro-1,4-diazoniabicyclo[2.2.2]octane bis(tetrafluoroborate)], is a highly valuable reagent in contemporary chemistry, serving not only as an electrophilic fluorinating agent but also as an effective catalyst in the synthesis of various pharmaceutically relevant heterocycles. This review article seeks to present a comprehensive overview of the significant heterocyclic ring formations facilitated by selectfluor. Both metal-free and metal-catalyzed recent advancement on selectfluor mediated cyclisation processes are discussed in this review mainly over last eight years (2017-April 2024).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sukanya Das
- Department of Chemistry, Jadavpur University, 188, Raja Subodh Chandra Mallick Rd, Jadavpur, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700032, India
| | - Risika Das
- Department of Chemistry, Jadavpur University, 188, Raja Subodh Chandra Mallick Rd, Jadavpur, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700032, India
| | - Tapas Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry, Jadavpur University, 188, Raja Subodh Chandra Mallick Rd, Jadavpur, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700032, India
| | - Raj Kumar Nandi
- Department of Chemistry, Jadavpur University, 188, Raja Subodh Chandra Mallick Rd, Jadavpur, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700032, India
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wang F, Chen C, Zhang F, Meng Q. Theoretical study of Ni(0)-catalyzed intermolecular hydroamination of branched 1,3-dienes: reaction mechanism, regioselectivity, enantioselectivity, and prediction of the ligand. J Mol Model 2024; 31:17. [PMID: 39661131 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-024-06217-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2024] [Accepted: 11/11/2024] [Indexed: 12/12/2024]
Abstract
CONTEXT Nickel-catalyzed hydroamination of dienes with phenylmethanamines was studied theoretically to investigate reaction mechanism. These calculated results revealed that Ni-catalyzed hydroamination began with the O - H bond activation of trifluoroethanol, including three important elementary steps: the ligand-to-ligand hydrogen migration, the nucleophilic attack of phenylmethanamine, and hydrogen migration. The nucleophilic attack of phenylmethanamine was the rate-determining step, and the branched product of 3,4-addition with (S)-chirality was the most dominant. The N - H bond activation of phenylmethanamine occurred more difficultly than the O - H bond of trifluoroethanol, because of high ΔG and ΔG≠. In addition, the origin of regioselectivity and enantioselectivity, and prediction of the ligand were also discussed in this text. METHODS All computations were performed with Gaussian09 program. All geometries were optimized at the ωB97XD/6-31G(d,p) level (SDD for Ni), and to obtain more accurate potential energy, single-point calculation was carried out at the ωB97XD/cc-pVDZ level (SDD for Ni). The Cramer-Truhlar continuum solvation model (SMD) was used to evaluate solvation effect of mesitylene, and a correction of the translational entropy was made with the procedure of Whitesides group.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fen Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Taishan University, Taian, Shandong, 271000, People's Republic of China
| | - Changbao Chen
- College of Chemistry and Material Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, 271018, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Technology Center, China Tobacco Fujian Industrial Co., Ltd., Xiamen, Fujian, People's Republic of China.
| | - Qingxi Meng
- College of Chemistry and Material Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, 271018, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Lee HJ, Maruoka K. Asymmetric phase-transfer catalysis. Nat Rev Chem 2024; 8:851-869. [PMID: 39385042 DOI: 10.1038/s41570-024-00642-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 10/11/2024]
Abstract
Over the past three decades, chiral phase-transfer catalysts (PTCs) have emerged as highly successful organocatalysts in a diverse range of asymmetric reactions. A substantial number of chiral PTCs have now already been discovered and utilized in dependable routes to enantioenriched products. These extend beyond the classical cationic PTCs with the emergence of anionic phase-transfer catalysis and hydrogen-bonding phase-transfer catalysis providing new asymmetric synthetic approaches. Nevertheless, the application level of chiral PTCs in both academic and industrial processes is below our expectation. This Review highlights the notable advances in chiral PTCs, including challenges, limitations and efforts to overcome them. Following this, the potential for sustainable chiral PTCs is described with a focus on using photocatalysed, flow and electrochemical synthesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyo-Jun Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Kunsan National University, Gunsan, Republic of Korea.
| | - Keiji Maruoka
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo, Kyoto, Japan.
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zhang LW, Wang XD, Ao YF, Wang DX, Wang QQ. Chiral Bis-phosphate Macrocycles for Catalytic, Efficient, and Enantioselective Electrophilic Fluorination. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202400498. [PMID: 38380876 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202400498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Incorporation of privileged catalytic scaffolds into a macrocyclic skeleton represents an attractive strategy to furnish supramolecular catalysis systems with enzyme-mimetic cavity and multi-site cooperation. Herein we reported the synthesis, structure, binding properties and catalytic application of a series of chiral bis-phosphate macrocycles toward the challenging asymmetric electrophilic fluorination. With a large, integrated chiral cavity and two cooperative phosphate sites, these macrocycles exhibited good inclusion toward 1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane (DABCO) dicationic ammoniums through complementary ion-pair and C-H⋅⋅⋅O interactions, as confirmed by crystallographic and solution binding studies. In fluorocyclization of tryptamines with Selectfluor reagent which has a similar DABCO-based dicationic structure, only 2 mol% macrocycle catalyst afforded the desired pyrroloindoline products in moderate yields and up to 91 % ee. For comparison, the acyclic mono-phosphate analogue gave obviously lower reactivity and enantioselectivity (<20 % ee), suggesting a remarkable macrocyclic effect. The high catalytic efficiency and superior stereocontrol were ascribed to the tight ion-pair binding and cavity-directed noncovalent interaction cooperation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lie-Wei Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Function, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xu-Dong Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Function, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Yu-Fei Ao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Function, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - De-Xian Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Function, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Qi-Qiang Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Function, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Igarashi C, Mayumi T, Egami H, Hamashima Y. Asymmetric Fluorocyclization of Difluoroalkenes with Concomitant Formation of a Trifluoromethyl Group. Org Lett 2024; 26:1723-1727. [PMID: 38381872 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.4c00312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Asymmetric electrophilic fluorination of difluoroalkenes remains undeveloped because of the poor reactivity of difluoroalkenes with electrophiles. However, such reactions, if feasible, are expected to be useful for the synthesis of chiral heterocyclic compounds with a trifluoromethyl group at the stereogenic center. In this Letter, we disclose the first example of asymmetric fluoroamide cyclization of difluoroalkenes using our dianionic phase-transfer catalyst. This reaction provides unique chiral trifluoromethylated oxazoline derivatives at a synthetically useful level.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chino Igarashi
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
| | - Tomoya Mayumi
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
| | - Hiromichi Egami
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Hamashima
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Saegusa R, Fujihara T, Shigehisa H. Bromocyclization of Alkenoic Thioester and Access to Functionalized Sulfur-Heterocycles. Org Lett 2023. [PMID: 37819433 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c02953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Although oxygen, nitrogen, and carbon have been extensively studied as nucleophilic elements in the halocyclization of alkenes, sulfur-based nucleophiles are relatively unexplored. Herein, we investigated bromocyclization chemistry involving unsaturated thioesters, with a focus on their use as potential S-nucleophiles. We developed a bromocyclization method that uses alkenoic thioesters and N-bromoacetamide (NBA) to form cyclic bromosulfides. The resulting 5-exo products are labile and can be used in various nucleophilic substitution reactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rinako Saegusa
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Musashino University, 1-1-20 Shinmachi Nishitokyo, Tokyo 202-8585, Japan
| | - Takashi Fujihara
- Comprehensive Analysis Centre for Science, Saitama University, Shimo-okubo, Sakura-ku, Saitama, 338-8570, Japan
| | - Hiroki Shigehisa
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Musashino University, 1-1-20 Shinmachi Nishitokyo, Tokyo 202-8585, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Sun C, Li T. Chiral Carboxylic Acids as Organic Catalysts for Asymmetric Reactions. ChemistrySelect 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202300010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Cuiyun Sun
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education Guizhou University Guiyang 550025 China
| | - Tingting Li
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education Guizhou University Guiyang 550025 China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Egami H, Hamashima Y. Asymmetric Fluorofunctionalizations with Carboxylate-Based Phase-Transfer Catalysts. CHEM REC 2023:e202200285. [PMID: 36734199 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202200285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Fluorine is an attractive element in the field of pharmaceutical and agrochemical chemistry due to its unique properties. Considering the chiral environment in nature, where enantiomers often show different biological activities, the introduction of fluorine atom(s) into organic molecules to make chiral fluorinated compounds is an important subject. Herein, we describe the story of the development of our chiral carboxylate-based phase-transfer catalysts and their applications for asymmetric fluorocyclizations of alkenes bearing a carboxylic acid, an amide, and an oxime as an internal nucleophile with a dicationic fluorinating reagent, Selectfluor. We also describe dearomative fluorinations of indole derivatives, 2-naphthols, and resorcinols.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hiromichi Egami
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, 422-8526, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Hamashima
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, 422-8526, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Yamashita K, Fujiwara Y, Hamashima Y. Amide-Ligand-Promoted Silver-Catalyzed C-H Fluorination via Radical/Polar Crossover. J Org Chem 2023; 88:1865-1874. [PMID: 36688540 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c02575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
We describe an efficient method for benzylic C-H fluorination via sequential hydrogen-atom transfer (HAT) and oxidative radical-polar crossover utilizing the Ag(I)/Selectfluor system. Amide ligands, such as benzamide and sulfonamide, substantially facilitate the processes leading to a carbocation intermediate, which subsequently reacts with nucleophilic fluorinating reagent to form a C-F bond. This protocol is applicable to the fluorination of all 1°, 2°, and 3° C-H bonds as well as to late-stage C-H fluorination of bioactive molecules.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Yamashita
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
| | - Yuki Fujiwara
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Hamashima
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Thiele M, Rose T, Lõkov M, Stadtfeld S, Tshepelevitsh S, Parman E, Opara K, Wölper C, Leito I, Grimme S, Niemeyer J. Multifunctional Organocatalysts - Singly-Linked and Macrocyclic Bisphosphoric Acids for Asymmetric Phase-Transfer and Brønsted-Acid Catalysis. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202202953. [PMID: 36161384 PMCID: PMC10099347 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202202953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The linking of phosphoric acids via covalent or mechanical bonds has proven to be a successful strategy for the design of novel organocatalysts. Here, we present the first systematic investigation of singly-linked and macrocyclic bisphosphoric acids, including their synthesis and their application in phase-transfer and Brønsted acid catalysis. We found that the novel bisphosphoric acids show dramatically increased enantioselectivities in comparison to their monophosphoric acid analogues. However, the nature, length and number of linkers has a profound influence on the enantioselectivities. In the asymmetric dearomative fluorination via phase-transfer catalysis, bisphosphoric acids with a single, rigid bisalkyne-linker give the best results with moderate to good enantiomeric excesses. In contrast, bisphosphoric acids with flexible linkers give excellent enantioselectivities in the transfer-hydrogenation of quinolines via cooperative Brønsted acid catalysis. In the latter case, sufficiently long linkers are needed for high stereoselectivities, as found experimentally and supported by DFT calculations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maike Thiele
- Faculty of Chemistry (Organic Chemistry) and, Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, 45141, Essen, Germany
| | - Thomas Rose
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Beringstrasse 4, 53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Märt Lõkov
- University of Tartu, Institute of Chemistry, 14a Ravila str, 50411, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Sophia Stadtfeld
- Faculty of Chemistry (Organic Chemistry) and, Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, 45141, Essen, Germany
| | - Sofja Tshepelevitsh
- University of Tartu, Institute of Chemistry, 14a Ravila str, 50411, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Elisabeth Parman
- University of Tartu, Institute of Chemistry, 14a Ravila str, 50411, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Karina Opara
- Faculty of Chemistry (Organic Chemistry) and, Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, 45141, Essen, Germany
| | - Christoph Wölper
- Faculty of Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45141, Essen, Germany
| | - Ivo Leito
- University of Tartu, Institute of Chemistry, 14a Ravila str, 50411, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Stefan Grimme
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Beringstrasse 4, 53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Jochen Niemeyer
- Faculty of Chemistry (Organic Chemistry) and, Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, 45141, Essen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Liao L, Xu X, Ji J, Zhao X. Asymmetric Intermolecular Iodinative Difunctionalization of Allylic Sulfonamides Enabled by Organosulfide Catalysis: Modular Entry to Iodinated Chiral Molecules. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:16490-16501. [PMID: 36053004 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c05668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Electrophilic halogenation of alkenes is a powerful transformation offering a convenient route for the construction of valuable functionalized molecules. However, as a highly important reaction in this field, catalytic asymmetric intermolecular iodinative difunctionalization remains a formidable challenge. Herein, we report that an efficient Lewis basic chiral sulfide-catalyzed approach enables this reaction. By this approach, challenging substrates such as γ,γ-disubstituted allylic sulfonamides and 1,1-disubstituted alkenes with an allylic sulfonamide unit undergo electrophilic iodinative difunctionalization to give a variety of iodine-functionalized chiral molecules in good yields with excellent enantio- and diastereoselectivities. A series of free phenols as nucleophiles are successfully incorporated into the substrates. Aside from phenols, primary and secondary alcohols, fluoride, and azide also serve as efficient nucleophiles. The obtained iodinated products are a good platform molecule, which can be easily transformed into various chiral compounds such as α-aryl ketones, chiral secondary amines, and aziridines via rearrangement or substitution. Mechanistic studies revealed that the chiral sulfide catalyst displays a superior effect on control of the reactivity of electrophilic iodine and the enantioselective construction of the chiral iodiranium ion intermediate and catalyst aggregates might be formed as a resting state in the reactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lihao Liao
- Institute of Organic Chemistry & MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Xinru Xu
- Institute of Organic Chemistry & MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Jieying Ji
- Institute of Organic Chemistry & MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Xiaodan Zhao
- Institute of Organic Chemistry & MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Egami H, Hamashima Y. Development of Anionic Phase-Transfer Catalysts for Asymmetric Fluorinations. J SYN ORG CHEM JPN 2022. [DOI: 10.5059/yukigoseikyokaishi.80.632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
|
14
|
Lee S, Chung W. Enantioselective halogenation via asymmetric
phase‐transfer
catalysis. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/bkcs.12546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sunggi Lee
- Department of Physics and Chemistry DGIST Daegu Republic of Korea
| | - Won‐jin Chung
- Department of Chemistry GIST Gwangju Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Li YX, Wang JZ, Shimadate Y, Kise M, Kato A, Jia YM, Fleet GWJ, Yu CY. Diastereoselective Synthesis, Glycosidase Inhibition, and Docking Study of C-7-Fluorinated Casuarine and Australine Derivatives. J Org Chem 2022; 87:7291-7307. [PMID: 35584209 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c00485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
C-7-fluorinated derivatives of two important polyhydroxylated pyrrolizidines, casuarine and australine, were synthesized with organocatalytic stereoselective α-fluorination of aldehydes as the key step. The strategy is extensively applicable to some synthetically challenging fluorinated iminosugars and carbohydrates. The docking studies indicated that the potent inhibitions of trehalase and amyloglucosidase by the fluorinated polyhydroxylated pyrrolizidines are due to the interaction modes dominated by fluorine atoms in these iminosugars with the amino acids' residues of the corresponding enzymes. Steady interactions were established between the C-7 fluoride and a hydrophobic pocket in amyloglucosidase by untypical anion-π interactions. These unexpected docking modes and related structure-activity relationship studies emphasize the value of fluorination in the design of polyhydroxylated pyrrolizidine glycosidase inhibitors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Xian Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science (BNLMS), CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Function, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jun-Zhe Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science (BNLMS), CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Function, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yuna Shimadate
- Department of Hospital Pharmacy, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan.,Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Maki Kise
- Department of Hospital Pharmacy, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan.,Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Atsushi Kato
- Department of Hospital Pharmacy, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan.,Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Yue-Mei Jia
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science (BNLMS), CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Function, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - George W J Fleet
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, U. K
| | - Chu-Yi Yu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science (BNLMS), CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Function, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Yamashita K, Hirokawa R, Ichikawa M, Hisanaga T, Nagao Y, Takita R, Watanabe K, Kawato Y, Hamashima Y. Mechanistic Details of Asymmetric Bromocyclization with BINAP Monoxide: Identification of Chiral Proton-Bridged Bisphosphine Oxide Complex and Its Application to Parallel Kinetic Resolution. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:3913-3924. [PMID: 35226811 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c11816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The mechanism of our previously reported catalytic asymmetric bromocyclization reactions using 2,2'-bis(diphenylphosphino)-1,1'-binaphthyl (BINAP) monoxide was examined in detail by the means of control experiments, NMR studies, X-ray structure analysis, and CryoSpray electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) analysis. The chiral BINAP monoxide was transformed to a key catalyst precursor, proton-bridged bisphosphine oxide complex (POHOP·Br), in the presence of N-bromosuccinimide (NBS) and contaminating water. The thus-formed POHOP further reacts with NBS to afford BINAP dioxide and molecular bromine (Br2) simultaneously in equimolar amounts. While the resulting Br2 is activated by NBS to form a more reactive brominating reagent (Br2─NBS), BINAP dioxide serves as a bifunctional catalyst, acting as both a Lewis base that reacts with Br2─NBS to form a chiral brominating agent (P═O+─Br) and also as a Brønsted base for the activation of the substrate. By taking advantage of this novel concerted Lewis/Brønsted base catalysis by BINAP dioxide, we achieved the first regio- and chemodivergent parallel kinetic resolutions (PKRs) of racemic unsymmetrical bisallylic amides via bromocyclization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Yamashita
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
| | - Ryo Hirokawa
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
| | - Mamoru Ichikawa
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
| | - Tatsunari Hisanaga
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Nagao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
| | - Ryo Takita
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Kohei Watanabe
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Yuji Kawato
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Hamashima
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
| |
Collapse
|