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Jiang P, Liu T, Lei C, Wang H, Li J, Shi M, Xu C, He X, Liang X. Energetic Hypervalent Organoiodine Electrochemistry for Aqueous Zinc Batteries. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:25108-25117. [PMID: 39190645 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c08145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/29/2024]
Abstract
Hypervalent organoiodine compounds have been extensively utilized in organic synthesis, yet their electrochemical properties remain unexplored despite their theoretically high redox potential compared with inorganic iodine, which primarily relies on the I-/I0 redox couple in battery applications. Here, the fundamental redox mechanism of hypervalent organoiodine in a ZnCl2 aqueous electrolyte is established for the first time using the simplest iodobenzene (PhI) as a model compound. We validated that the PhI to PhICl2 transition is a single-step and reversible reaction, enabling two-electron transfer of I+/I3+ redox chemistry (1.9 V vs Zn2+/Zn) with high capacity (422 mAh giodine-1, and 262.6 mAh g-1 based on PhI) and high theoretical energy density (801.8 Wh kg-1). It was also elucidated that such organoiodine electrochemistry exhibits rich tunability in terms of the global reactivity of various PhI derivatives, including multiple iodine-substituted isomers and functional substituents. Additionally, the stabilizing anion ligands affect the reversibility and stability of trivalent organoiodine compounds. By limiting side reactions and improving the stability of trivalent organoiodine at low temperatures, the zinc-PhI battery demonstrated the feasibility of I+/I3+ conversion and sustained stable performance over 400 cycles. This work bridges the gap between hypervalent organoiodine chemistry and battery technology, highlighting the potential for future high-performance battery applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengjie Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Chem/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Tingting Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Chem/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Chengjun Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Chem/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Huijian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chem/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Jinye Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chem/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Min Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Chem/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Chen Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Chem/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Xin He
- State Key Laboratory of Chem/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Xiao Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Chem/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China
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Xie Z, Sun L, Sajid M, Feng Y, Lv Z, Chen W. Rechargeable alkali metal-chlorine batteries: advances, challenges, and future perspectives. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:8424-8456. [PMID: 39007548 DOI: 10.1039/d4cs00202d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
The emergence of Li-SOCl2 batteries in the 1970s as a high-energy-density battery system sparked considerable interest among researchers. However, limitations in the primary cell characteristics have restricted their potential for widespread adoption in today's sustainable society. Encouragingly, recent developments in alkali/alkaline-earth metal-Cl2 (AM-Cl2) batteries have shown impressive reversibility with high specific capacity and cycle performance, revitalizing the potential of SOCl2 batteries and becoming a promising technology surpassing current lithium-ion batteries. In this review, the emerging AM-Cl2 batteries are comprehensively summarized for the first time. The development history and advantages of Li-SOCl2 batteries are traced, followed by the critical working mechanisms for achieving high rechargeability. The design concepts of electrodes and electrolytes for AM-Cl2 batteries as well as key characterization techniques are also demonstrated. Furthermore, the current challenges and corresponding strategies, as well as future directions regarding the battery are systematically discussed. This review aims to deepen the understanding of the state-of-the-art AM-Cl2 battery technology and accelerate the development of practical AM-Cl2 batteries for next-generation high-energy storage systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zehui Xie
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China.
| | - Lidong Sun
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China.
| | - Muhammad Sajid
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China.
| | - Yuancheng Feng
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China.
| | - Zhenshan Lv
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China.
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China.
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Li Z, Cao W, Hu T, Hu Y, Zhang R, Cui H, Mo F, Liu C, Zhi C, Liang G. Deploying Cationic Cellulose Nanofiber Confinement to Enable High Iodine Loadings Towards High Energy and High-Temperature Zn-I 2 Battery. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023:e202317652. [PMID: 38086771 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202317652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
High iodine loading and high-temperature adaptability of the iodine cathode are prerequisites to achieving high energy density at full battery level and promoting the practical application for the zinc-iodine (Zn-I2 ) battery. However, it would aggravate the polyiodide shuttle effect when employing high iodine loading and working temperature. Here, a sustainable cationic cellulose nanofiber (cCNF) was employed to confine the active iodine species through strong physiochemical adsorption to enlarge the iodine loading and stabilize it even at high temperatures. The cCNF could accommodate dual-functionality by enlarging the iodine loading and suppressing the polyiodide shuttle effect, owing to the unique framework structure with abundant surface positive charges. As a result, the iodine cathode based on the cCNF could deliver high iodine mass loading of 14.1 mg cm-2 with a specific capacity of 182.7 mAh g-1 , high areal capacity of 2.6 mAh cm-2 , and stable cycling over 3000 cycles at 2 A g-1 , thus enabling a high energy density of 34.8 Wh kg-1 and the maximum power density of 521.2 W kg-1 at a full Zn-I2 battery level. In addition, even at a high temperature of 60 °C, the Zn-I2 battery could still deliver a stable cycling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenglin Li
- Institute of Technology for Carbon Neutrality, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shenzhen, 518055, China
- Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210000, China
| | - Wenwen Cao
- Institute of Technology for Carbon Neutrality, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shenzhen, 518055, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China
| | - Tao Hu
- Institute of Technology for Carbon Neutrality, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shenzhen, 518055, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials, Ministry of Education, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Yichan Hu
- Institute of Technology for Carbon Neutrality, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Rong Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, Hong Kong
| | - Huilin Cui
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, Hong Kong
| | - Funian Mo
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Flexible Printed Electronics Technology Center, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China
| | - Chaozheng Liu
- Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210000, China
| | - Chunyi Zhi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, Hong Kong
| | - Guojin Liang
- Institute of Technology for Carbon Neutrality, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shenzhen, 518055, China
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