1
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Guo H, Loh CCJ. Noncovalent interactions: An emerging focal point in stereoselective catalytic carbohydrate synthesis. Carbohydr Res 2025; 552:109458. [PMID: 40132292 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2025.109458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2025] [Revised: 03/09/2025] [Accepted: 03/10/2025] [Indexed: 03/27/2025]
Abstract
The incorporation of frontier synthetic concepts into stereoselective carbohydrate synthesis is gaining significant traction. In the last five years, there are increasing reports documenting that the consideration of weak non-covalent interactions (NCIs) constitutes a vital factor in steering the anomeric and site-selectivity, as well as in activating difficult glycosylations. In light of blossoming developments on this front, we present a brief overview of recent case studies that involve the harnessing of hydrogen bonding (HB), halogen bonding (XB), chalcogen bonding (ChB) and π-interactions. These NCIs represent a considerable palette of classical/non-classical weak interactions that is of current interest to the broad synthesis community. Significantly, a close mechanistic analysis often revealed that NCIs were instrumental in dictating the final stereoselectivity outcome of many glycosylation pathways. We are optimistic that by expanding the focal point from purely glycosyl substrate modifications towards tweaking catalytic NCIs at the supramolecular level of chemical glycosylations, this emerging concept offers new levers of stereoselectivity control beyond classical stereoelectronic and steric considerations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Guo
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, And Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Supramolecular Coordination Materials and Applications, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, PR China
| | - Charles C J Loh
- UCD School of Chemistry, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland.
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2
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Pizzi A, Terraneo G, Lo Iacono C, Beccaria R, Dhaka A, Resnati G. Taxonomy of Chemical Bondings: Opportunities and Challenges. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2025:e202506525. [PMID: 40401347 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202506525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2025] [Revised: 04/24/2025] [Accepted: 05/05/2025] [Indexed: 05/23/2025]
Abstract
The concept of the chemical bond is fundamental to chemistry, governing atomic interactions that define all known matter. Despite this central role, the classification and most convenient naming of chemical bonds remain subjects of debate due to the diverse theoretical models and experimental observations. Modelings from quantum mechanical calculations and heuristic principles from experimental observations offer valuable and complementary insights, but sometimes the match and coalescence of these different approaches into a common terminology is not immediate. This paper describes a hierarchical categorization of noncovalent interactions based on the electrophilic atom involved, aligning with IUPAC definitions of hydrogen bonding (HB), halogen bonding (HaB), chalcogen bonding (ChB), and pnictogen bonding (PnB). The resulting taxonomy may avoid some ambiguities that arise from naming interactions based on single chemical/physical features. The proposed categorization that moves from more general and comprehensive terms to more specific and descriptive terms may ensure clarity, comprehensiveness, consistency with periodic trends, and invariancy over evolving understanding of the chemical bonds so that findings can be communicated and stored effectively via both human and machine based protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Pizzi
- NFMLab, Department of Chemistry, Materials, Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Via Mancinelli 7, Milano, 20131, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Terraneo
- NFMLab, Department of Chemistry, Materials, Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Via Mancinelli 7, Milano, 20131, Italy
| | - Cristina Lo Iacono
- NFMLab, Department of Chemistry, Materials, Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Via Mancinelli 7, Milano, 20131, Italy
| | - Roberta Beccaria
- NFMLab, Department of Chemistry, Materials, Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Via Mancinelli 7, Milano, 20131, Italy
| | - Arun Dhaka
- NFMLab, Department of Chemistry, Materials, Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Via Mancinelli 7, Milano, 20131, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Resnati
- NFMLab, Department of Chemistry, Materials, Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Via Mancinelli 7, Milano, 20131, Italy
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3
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Jakka SR, Mugesh G. Emerging Role of Noncovalent Interactions and Disulfide Bond Formation in the Cellular Uptake of Small Molecules and Proteins. Chem Asian J 2025; 20:e202401734. [PMID: 39831847 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202401734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2024] [Revised: 01/13/2025] [Accepted: 01/20/2025] [Indexed: 01/22/2025]
Abstract
Intracellular delivery of proteins and small molecules is an important barrier in the development of strategies to deliver functional proteins and therapeutics into the cells to realize their full potential in biotechnology, biomedicine, cell-based therapies, and gene editing protein systems. Most of the intracellular protein delivery strategies involve the conjugation of cell penetrating peptides to enable the permeability of plasma membrane of mammalian cells to allow proteins to enter cytosol. The conjugations of small molecules such as (p-methylphenyl) glycine, pyrenebutyrate and cysteines are used for the same purpose. Molecular level interactions are governed mostly by ionic (cationic/anionic), covalent and noncovalent interactions with various molecular entities of glycocalyx matrix on plasma membrane lipid bilayer. Although the role of noncovalent interactions in cellular uptake is not fully understood, several recent advances have focused on the noncovalent interaction-based strategies of intracellular delivery of small molecules and proteins into mammalian cells. These are achieved by simple modification of protein surfaces with chemical moieties which can form noncovalent interactions other than hydrogen bonding. In this review, we describe the recent advances and the mechanistic aspects of intracellular delivery and role of noncovalent interactions in the cellular uptake of proteins and small molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surendar R Jakka
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560 012, India
| | - Govindasamy Mugesh
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560 012, India
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4
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Scheller ZN, Mehrparvar S, Haberhauer G. Light-Induced Increase in Bond Strength─from Chalcogen Bond to Three-Electron σ Bond upon Excitation. J Am Chem Soc 2025; 147:6249-6258. [PMID: 39918545 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c18435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2025]
Abstract
Chalcogen bonds are σ hole interactions between a chalcogen center and a Lewis base center and have been applied in recent years as an alternative to hydrogen bonds in supramolecular chemistry and catalysis. While the electronic interactions of chalcogen bonds in the ground state have been intensively analyzed, there is barely any knowledge about the electron structure in the excited state. This is despite the fact that in some cases photoswitches containing chalcogen bonds exhibit exceptional switching behavior. Here, we investigate the effect of light absorption on chalcogen bonds containing divalent chalcogen centers. Quantum chemical calculations reveal that in the excited S1 state the noncovalent chalcogen bond converts to a covalent three-electron σ bond. The bond between the chalcogen center and the Lewis base center is thus significantly reinforced by light excitation. This change in bond type explains the previously experimentally observed nonswitchability of some tellurium-containing azo compounds. Furthermore, we were able to demonstrate that the switchability of certain selenium-containing compounds is temperature-dependent, whereby the ratio of the less stable cis compound is higher for higher temperatures. These results highlight the potential for designing responsive materials and dynamic molecular systems based on light-induced chalcogen bond modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoe Nonie Scheller
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstr. 7, Essen D-45117, Germany
| | - Saber Mehrparvar
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstr. 7, Essen D-45117, Germany
| | - Gebhard Haberhauer
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstr. 7, Essen D-45117, Germany
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5
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Ghosh I, Islam ASM, Pramanik S, Ghosh P. A Potent Bis-Heteroleptic Ruthenium(II) Complex-Based Chalcogen Bonding Receptor for Selective Sensing of Phosphates. Inorg Chem 2025; 64:1768-1776. [PMID: 39847689 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.4c04292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2025]
Abstract
The incorporation of a selenoimidazolium-based chalcogen bond (ChB) donor into a bis-heteroleptic Ru(II) complex (Ru-Se) has been designed for the first time to explore its anion-sensing properties and understand its selectivity to specific classes of anions. Photophysical studies demonstrate the receptor's selectivity toward phosphates, while 1H NMR displays its ability to recognize both I- and H2PO4- among the different halides and oxoanions through ChB interaction in CH3CN and dimethyl sulfoxide-d6 solvents, respectively. Additionally, microscopic studies such as DLS and TEM reveal that the selective turn-on sensing of H2PO4- and HP2O73- compared to I- is driven by supramolecular aggregation behavior. Hence, the successful fabrication of a selenium ChB-based Ru(II) complex makes it a promising candidate for anion monitoring in supramolecular chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iti Ghosh
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A and 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Abu S M Islam
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A and 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Sourav Pramanik
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A and 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Pradyut Ghosh
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A and 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, India
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6
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Dansereau SJ, Sheng J. Heavy Chalcogen Properties of Sulfur and Selenium Enhance Nucleic Acid-Based Therapeutics. Biomolecules 2025; 15:218. [PMID: 40001521 PMCID: PMC11853670 DOI: 10.3390/biom15020218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2025] [Revised: 01/29/2025] [Accepted: 01/31/2025] [Indexed: 02/27/2025] Open
Abstract
The Group 16 elements of the periodic table have a characteristic valence shell configuration instrumental to their chemical properties and reactivities. The electrostatic potentials of these so-called chalcogens have been exploited in the design of materials that require the efficient passage of electrons including supermagnets, photocatalytic dyes, and solar panels. Likewise, the incorporation of the heavy chalcogen selenium into organic frameworks has been shown to increase the reactivities of double bonds and heterocyclic rings, while its interactions with aromatic side chains in the hydrophobic core of proteins via selenomethionine impart a stabilizing effect. Typically present in the active site, the hypervalence of selenocysteine enables it to further stabilize the folded protein and mediate electron transfer. Selenium's native occurrence in bacterial tRNA maintains base pair fidelity, most notably during oxidative stress, through its electronic and steric effects. Such native modifications at the positions 2 and 5 of uridine render these sites relevant in the design of RNA-based therapeutics. Innocuous selenium substitution for oxygen in the former and the standard methods of selenium-derivatized oligonucleotide synthesis and detection have led to the establishment of a novel class of therapeutics. In this review, we summarize some progress in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jia Sheng
- Department of Chemistry and the RNA Institute, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, NY 12222, USA
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7
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Lin K, Weng P, Qi Y, Teng J, Lei Z, Yan X. Evolution of Peptidomimetics-Based Chiral Assemblies of β-Sheet, α-Helix, and Double Helix Involving Chalcogen Bonds. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2025; 17:2863-2870. [PMID: 39420868 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c10568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2024]
Abstract
Developing chiral assemblies that mimic biological secondary structures, e.g., protein β-sheet, α-helix, and DNA double helix, is a captivating goal in supramolecular chemistry. Here, we create a family of biomimetic chiral assemblies from alanine-based peptidomimetics, wherein the incorporation of N-terminal 2,1,3-benzoselenadiazole groups enables the rarely utilized chalcogen bonding as the adhesive interaction. While the alanine-based acylhydrazine molecule 1L was designed as a building unit with an extended conformation, simple derivatization of 1L affords folded unilateral N-amidothiourea 2L with one β-turn and bilateral N-amidothiourea 3L with two β-turns. This derivatization leads to the evolution of molecular assemblies from β-sheet organization (1L) to single helix (α-helix mimic, 2L) and ultimately to double helix (3L), illustrating an evolutionary route relating the structures and superstructures. In the case of the double helix formed by 3L, an unexpected cis-form that brings the two β-turns into one side was observed, stabilized via the π···π interaction between two N-terminal 2,1,3-benzoselenadiazole groups. This conformation allows double-crossed N-Se···S═C chalcogen bonds to support a DNA-like P-double helix featuring intrastrand noncovalent interactions and interstrand covalent linkages, surviving in both the solid state and in dilute acetonitrile solution phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kexin Lin
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research and State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Peimin Weng
- Peking University Yangtze Delta Institute of Optoelectronics, Nantong, Jiangsu 226010, China
| | - Yuanwei Qi
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research and State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Jinkui Teng
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research and State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Zhikun Lei
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research and State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Xiaosheng Yan
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research and State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, The MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis and Instrumentation, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
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8
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Song F, Wang S, Mao Y, Chen M, Yuan Q, Zheng S, Liang S, Lin Y. Enhancing Rebaudioside M Synthesis via Introducing Sulfur-Mediated Interactions between Glycosyltransferase UGT76G1 and Rebaudioside D. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2025; 73:667-677. [PMID: 39662982 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c07923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2024]
Abstract
Rebaudioside M (Reb M), a zero-calorie sweetener with high sweetness, faces production challenges due to its low yield and purity. UGT76G1, a uridine diphosphate glucose (UDPG)-dependent glycosyltransferase, forms a β-1,3-glycosidic bond with rebaudioside D (Reb D) to produce Reb M but with an efficiency lower than that for stevioside (ST). This study identified the variant UGT76G1-L200A/L379 M (No.11), which exhibited a 10-fold increase in enzymatic activity toward Reb D compared to wild-type UGT76G1 (WT). Coupled with mbSUS, the No.11 effectively synthesized Reb M, achieving a 96.85% yield from 34.89 mM Reb D in 60 min at 50 °C. Molecular dynamics revealed the molecular mechanism behind this enhanced catalytic activity: the No.11, UGT76G1-L200A, and UGT76G1-L379 M complexes showed shorter and more stable interactions between Reb D-C19-Glc1-3-hydroxyl, catalytic residue H20, and UDPG-C1' compared to WT. The root-mean-square fluctuation (RMSF) values and binding free energy analyses further explained the No.11's superior catalytic efficiency. This study introduces a novel protein engineering approach by introducing specific amino acids to trigger nonclassical interactions, improving ligand-protein binding and catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangwei Song
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Fermentation and Enzyme Engineering, School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Shengding Wang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Fermentation and Enzyme Engineering, School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Yuanhui Mao
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Fermentation and Enzyme Engineering, School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Meiqi Chen
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Fermentation and Enzyme Engineering, School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Qingyan Yuan
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Fermentation and Enzyme Engineering, School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Suiping Zheng
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Fermentation and Enzyme Engineering, School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Shuli Liang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Fermentation and Enzyme Engineering, School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Ying Lin
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Fermentation and Enzyme Engineering, School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
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9
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Torres-Huerta A, Valkenier H. The Role of the Organic Moiety in the Diffusion and Transport of Carboxylates into Liposomes. Molecules 2024; 29:5124. [PMID: 39519764 PMCID: PMC11547798 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29215124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2024] [Revised: 10/25/2024] [Accepted: 10/28/2024] [Indexed: 11/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Understanding carboxylate transport through lipid membranes under physiological conditions is critical in biomedicine and biotechnology, as it allows for the emulation of biological membrane functions and can enhance the absorption of hydrophobic carboxylate-based drugs. However, the structural diversity of carboxylates has made it challenging to study their transport, and the limited available examples do not provide a comprehensive understanding of the role of the organic moiety in this process. Here, we present an in-depth analysis of the diffusion and transport of various aliphatic and aromatic carboxylates into liposomes. We assessed the influence of their size, number of carboxylate groups, and presence of hydroxyl groups. Our findings from fluorescence assays, using lucigenin and HPTS as probes, revealed that most carboxylates can spontaneously diffuse into liposomes in their protonated state, facilitated by the efflux of HNO3 when using NaNO3 solutions at pH 7. The Cl-ISE assay showed chloride/carboxylate exchange by a synthetic anion transporter. Clear trends were observed when the organic moiety was systematically varied, with a particular enhancement of anion transport by the presence of hydroxyl groups in the aromatic carboxylates. Our findings provide insights into the processes by which carboxylates can enter liposomes, which can contribute to understanding the transport of other biologically relevant organic anions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hennie Valkenier
- Engineering of Molecular NanoSystems, Ecole Polytechnique de Bruxelles, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Avenue F. Roosevelt 50, CP165/64, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium;
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10
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Zheng F, Huang Q, Xiang J, Zhu Z, Lu J, Xu J, Liang Z, Xie L, Song F, Sun Q. Constructing Molecular Networks on Metal Surfaces through Tellurium-Based Chalcogen-Organic Interaction. ACS NANO 2024; 18:28425-28432. [PMID: 39360450 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c11344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2024]
Abstract
On-surface molecular self-assembly presents an important approach to the development of low-dimensional functional nanostructures and nanomaterials. Traditional strategies primarily exploit hydrogen bonding or metal coordination, yet the potential of chalcogen bonding (ChB) for on-surface self-assemblies remains underexplored. Here, we explore fabricating molecular networks via tellurium (Te)-directed chalcogen-organic interactions. Employing carbonitrile molecules as molecular building blocks, we have achieved extended 2D networks exhibiting a 4-fold binding motif on Au(111), marking a notable difference from the conventional coordinative interaction involving transition metals. Our findings, supported by density functional theory (DFT) and scanning tunneling spectroscopy (STS), show that the Te-carbonitrile interaction exhibits lower stability compared to the metal-organic coordination, and the construction of the Te-directed molecular networks does not alter the electronic properties of the involved molecules. Introducing chalcogen-directed interactions may expand the spectrum of strategies in supramolecular assembly, contributing to the design of advanced molecular architectures for nanotechnological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengru Zheng
- Materials Genome Institute, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Qi Huang
- Materials Genome Institute, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Juan Xiang
- Materials Genome Institute, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Zhiwen Zhu
- Materials Genome Institute, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Jiayi Lu
- Materials Genome Institute, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Jinyang Xu
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201204, China
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhaofeng Liang
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201204, China
| | - Lei Xie
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201204, China
| | - Fei Song
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201204, China
| | - Qiang Sun
- Materials Genome Institute, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
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11
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Singh A, Torres-Huerta A, Meyer F, Valkenier H. Anion transporters based on halogen, chalcogen, and pnictogen bonds: towards biological applications. Chem Sci 2024:d4sc04644g. [PMID: 39268212 PMCID: PMC11385378 DOI: 10.1039/d4sc04644g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2024] [Accepted: 09/01/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Motivated by their potential biological applications, anion receptors are increasingly explored as transmembrane transporters for anions. The vast majority of the reported anion transporters rely on hydrogen bonding to interact with the anions. However, in recent decades, halogen, chalcogen, and pnictogen bonding, collectively referred to as sigma-hole interactions, have received increasing attention. Most research efforts on these interactions have focused on crystal engineering, anion sensing, and organocatalysis. In recent years, however, these sigma-hole interactions have also been explored more widely in synthetic anion transporters. This perspective shows why synthetic transporters are promising candidates for biological applications. We provide a comprehensive review of the compounds used to transport anions across membranes, with a particular focus on how the binding atoms and molecular design affect the anion transport activity and selectivity. Few cell studies have been reported for these transporters based on sigma-hole interactions and we highlight the critical need for further biological studies on the toxicity, stability, and deliverability of these compounds to explore their full potential in biological applications, such as the treatment of cystic fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anurag Singh
- Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Engineering of Molecular NanoSystems Avenue F. Roosevelt 50, CP165/64 1050 Brussels Belgium
| | - Aaron Torres-Huerta
- Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Engineering of Molecular NanoSystems Avenue F. Roosevelt 50, CP165/64 1050 Brussels Belgium
| | - Franck Meyer
- Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Microbiology, Bioorganic and Macromolecular Chemistry Unit, Faculty of Pharmacy Boulevard du Triomphe 1050 Brussels Belgium
| | - Hennie Valkenier
- Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Engineering of Molecular NanoSystems Avenue F. Roosevelt 50, CP165/64 1050 Brussels Belgium
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12
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Deng S, Li Z, Yuan L, Shen J, Zeng H. Light-Powered Propeller-like Transporter for Boosted Transmembrane Ion Transport. NANO LETTERS 2024; 24:10750-10758. [PMID: 39177063 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.4c01884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/24/2024]
Abstract
Membrane-active molecular machines represent a recently emerging, yet important line of expansion in the field of artificial transmembrane transporters. Their hitherto demonstrated limited types (molecular swing, ion fishers, shuttlers, rotors, etc.) certainly call for new inspiring developments. Here, we report a very first motorized ion-transporting carrier-type transporter, i.e., a modularly tunable, light-powered propeller-like transporter derived from Feringa's molecular motor for consistently boosting transmembrane ion transport under continuous UV light irradiation. Based on the EC50 values, the molecular propeller-mediated ion transport activities under UV light irradiation for 300 s are 2.31, 1.74, 2.29, 2.80, and 2.92 times those values obtained without irradiation for Li+, Na+, K+, Rb+, and Cs+ ions, respectively, with EC50 value as low as 0.71 mol % for K+ ion under light irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaowen Deng
- College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350116, China
- College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Hunan University of Science and Engineering, Yongzhou, Hunan 425100, China
| | - Zhongyan Li
- College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350116, China
| | - Lin Yuan
- College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Hunan University of Science and Engineering, Yongzhou, Hunan 425100, China
| | - Jie Shen
- College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350116, China
| | - Huaqiang Zeng
- College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350116, China
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13
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Liu Y, Hao A, Xing P. A photoactivated chiral molecular clamp rotated by selective anion binding. Chem Sci 2024:d4sc04216f. [PMID: 39268215 PMCID: PMC11388084 DOI: 10.1039/d4sc04216f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2024] [Accepted: 08/28/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Developing chiral molecular platforms that respond to external fields provides opportunities for designing smart chiroptical materials. Herein, we introduce a molecular clamp whose chiral properties can be turned on by photoactivation. Selective anion binding achieves rational tuning of the conformations and chiroptical properties of the clamp, including circular dichroism and circularly polarized luminescence. Cyanostilbene segments were conjugated to chiral amines with a rotatable axis. Negligible chiroptical signals were significantly enhanced through a light illumination-induced isomerization. Binding with halide ions (F-, Cl- and Br-) enables chiroptical inversion and subsequent amplification of the resulting opposite handedness state by photo treatment. In contrast, the larger I- and NO3 - ions failed to achieve chiroptical inversion. Also the handedness inversion was hampered in conformationally locked amines. Density-functional theory-based computational studies and experimental results reveal a structural transformation that proceeds from a butterfly-like open geometry to a closed V-shaped state initiated by four hydrogen bonds and the rotatable axis. This work illustrates design protocols for use in smart chiroptical molecular platforms mediated by photo treatment and anion binding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiping Liu
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University Jinan 250100 People's Republic of China
| | - Aiyou Hao
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University Jinan 250100 People's Republic of China
| | - Pengyao Xing
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University Jinan 250100 People's Republic of China
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14
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Beckmann JL, Tiessen N, Neumann B, Stammler HG, Hoge B, Mitzel NW. Polydentate chalcogen bonding: anion trapping with a water-stable host compound carrying Se-CF 3 functions. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:12234-12239. [PMID: 38979556 DOI: 10.1039/d4dt01730g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
Bidentate and tetradentate chalcogen bonding host systems with SeCF3 functions as σ-hole donors in close proximity at the alkyne functions of 1,8-diethynylanthracene and its syn-dimer were prepared in quantitative yield by tin-selenium exchange reactions of the corresponding trimethylstannyl precursors with ClSeCF3. The bidentate system shows chalcogen bonding interactions with THF, but does not bind halide ions. The tetradentate system cooperatively chelates chloride, bromide and iodide ions with its four CC-SeCF3 units by rotating the four σ-holes towards the halide ion. The structures of these halide ion adducts were determined by X-ray diffraction. The hydrobromide and -iodide salts of the ethyl derivative of Schwesinger's phosphazene superbase served as halide salts with very weakly coordinating cations.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Louis Beckmann
- Chair of Inorganic and Structural Chemistry, Center for Molecular Materials CM2, Faculty of Chemistry, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany.
| | - Natalia Tiessen
- Inorganic Chemistry ACII, Center for Molecular Materials CM2, Faculty of Chemistry, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany.
| | - Beate Neumann
- Chair of Inorganic and Structural Chemistry, Center for Molecular Materials CM2, Faculty of Chemistry, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany.
| | - Hans-Georg Stammler
- Chair of Inorganic and Structural Chemistry, Center for Molecular Materials CM2, Faculty of Chemistry, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany.
| | - Berthold Hoge
- Inorganic Chemistry ACII, Center for Molecular Materials CM2, Faculty of Chemistry, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany.
| | - Norbert W Mitzel
- Chair of Inorganic and Structural Chemistry, Center for Molecular Materials CM2, Faculty of Chemistry, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany.
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15
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Akbaba S, Steinke T, Vogel L, Engelage E, Erdelyi M, Huber SM. Elucidating the Binding Mode of Sulfur- and Selenium-Based Cationic Chalcogen-Bond Donors. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202400608. [PMID: 38604947 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202400608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
For a comparison of the interaction modes of various chalcogen-bond donors, 2-chalcogeno-imidazolium salts have been designed, synthesized, and studied by single crystal X-ray diffraction, solution NMR and DFT as well as for their ability to act as activators in an SN1-type substitution reaction. Their interaction modes in solution were elucidated based on NMR diffusion and chemical shift perturbation experiments, which were supported by DFT-calculations. Our finding is that going from lighter to the heavier chalcogens, hydrogen bonding plays a less, while chalcogen bonding an increasingly important role for the coordination of anions. Anion-π interactions also show importance, especially for the sulfur and selenium derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sercan Akbaba
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruhr-University Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44801, Bochum, Germany
| | - Tim Steinke
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruhr-University Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44801, Bochum, Germany
| | - Lukas Vogel
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruhr-University Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44801, Bochum, Germany
| | - Elric Engelage
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruhr-University Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44801, Bochum, Germany
| | - Mate Erdelyi
- Department of Chemistry - BMC, Uppsala University, Husargatan 3, SE-752 37, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Stefan M Huber
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruhr-University Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44801, Bochum, Germany
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16
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Maltz L, Gabbaï FP. Exploring the Effects of Se Basicity on a Te···Se Interaction Supported by a Rigid Indazolium Backbone. Organometallics 2024; 43:1246-1255. [PMID: 38873571 PMCID: PMC11167644 DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.4c00094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
With an interest in chalcogen bonding, we use a rigid indazolium backbone to install a formally zero-valent Se center next to a divalent Te center, allowing us to investigate the effects of oxidation of the Se center on the observed Te···Se interaction. Through spectroscopic and computational comparison of the Se(0) species with its Se(II) counterpart and their monochalcogen analogues, we experimentally and computationally investigate the effect of modulating Se basicity on the resulting Te···Se interaction. Comparison with well-studied naphthalene and acenaphthene variants indicates that the increased basicity of the Se(0) center allows for a comparably strong Te···Se interaction despite longer peri distances and a larger splay angle. Finally, our study illuminates the potential non-innocence of cationic organic substituents in chalcogen-bonding catalysis of the transfer hydrogenation of quinolines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Logan
T. Maltz
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College
Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - François P. Gabbaï
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College
Station, Texas 77843, United States
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17
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Hsu CC, Hsu ACH, Lin CY, Wong KT, Bonn D, Brouwer AM. Molecular Probing of the Microscopic Pressure at Contact Interfaces. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:13258-13265. [PMID: 38696718 PMCID: PMC11099955 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c01312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024]
Abstract
Obtaining insights into friction at the nanoscopic level and being able to translate these into macroscopic friction behavior in real-world systems is of paramount importance in many contexts, ranging from transportation to high-precision technology and seismology. Since friction is controlled by the local pressure at the contact it is important to be able to detect both the real contact area and the nanoscopic local pressure distribution simultaneously. In this paper, we present a method that uses planarizable molecular probes in combination with fluorescence microscopy to achieve this goal. These probes, inherently twisted in their ground states, undergo planarization under the influence of pressure, leading to bathochromic and hyperchromic shifts of their UV-vis absorption band. This allows us to map the local pressure in mechanical contact from fluorescence by exciting the emission in the long-wavelength region of the absorption band. We demonstrate a linear relationship between fluorescence intensity and (simulated) pressure at the submicron scale. This relationship enables us to experimentally depict the pressure distribution in multiasperity contacts. The method presented here offers a new way of bridging friction studies of the nanoscale model systems and practical situations for which surface roughness plays a crucial role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao-Chun Hsu
- van
’t Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Allen Chu-Hsiang Hsu
- Department
of Chemistry, National Taiwan University,
and Institute of Atomic and Molecular Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Yen Lin
- Department
of Chemistry, National Taiwan University,
and Institute of Atomic and Molecular Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Ken-Tsung Wong
- Department
of Chemistry, National Taiwan University,
and Institute of Atomic and Molecular Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Daniel Bonn
- Van
der Waals-Zeeman Institute, Institute of Physics, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Albert M. Brouwer
- van
’t Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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18
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Huang WL, Wang XD, Ao YF, Wang QQ, Wang DX. Mimicking the Shape and Function of the ClC Chloride Channel Selective Pore by Combining a Molecular Hourglass Shape with Anion-π Interactions. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202304222. [PMID: 38270386 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202304222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
ClC is the main family of natural chloride channel proteins that transport Cl- across the cell membrane with high selectivity. The chloride transport and selectivity are determined by the hourglass-shaped pore and the filter located in the central and narrow region of the pore. Artificial unimolecular channel that mimics both the shape and function of the ClC selective pore is attractive, because it could provide simple molecular model to probe the intriguing mechanism and structure-function relevance of ClC. Here we elaborated upon the concept of molecular hourglass plus anion-π interactions for this purpose. The concept was validated by experimental results of molecular hourglasses using shape-persistent 1,3-alternate tetraoxacalix[2]arene[2]triazine as the central macrocyclic skeleton to control the conductance and selectivity, and anion-π interactions as the driving force to facilitate the chloride dehydration and movement along the channel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Long Huang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Function, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190, Beijing, China
| | - Xu-Dong Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Function, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190, Beijing, China
| | - Yu-Fei Ao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Function, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
| | - Qi-Qiang Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Function, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
| | - De-Xian Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Function, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
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19
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Sato K, Nakagawa Y, Mori M, Takinoue M, Kinbara K. Transient control of lytic activity via a non-equilibrium chemical reaction system. NANOSCALE 2024. [PMID: 38465880 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr06626f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
The development of artificial non-equilibrium chemical reaction systems has recently attracted considerable attention as a new type of biomimetic. However, due to the lack of bioorthogonality, such reaction systems could not be linked to the regulation of any biological phenomena. Here, we have newly designed a non-equilibrium reaction system based on olefin metathesis to produce the Triton X-mimetic non-ionic amphiphile as a kinetic product. Using phospholipid vesicles encapsulating fluorescent dyes and red blood cells as cell models, we demonstrate that the developed chemical reaction system is applicable for transient control of the resulting lytic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kohei Sato
- School of Life Science and Technology, International Research Frontiers Initiative, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8501, Japan.
| | - Yume Nakagawa
- School of Life Science and Technology, International Research Frontiers Initiative, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8501, Japan.
| | - Miki Mori
- School of Life Science and Technology, International Research Frontiers Initiative, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8501, Japan.
| | - Masahiro Takinoue
- School of Life Science and Technology, International Research Frontiers Initiative, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8501, Japan.
- Department of Computer Science, International Research Frontiers Initiative, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8501, Japan
- Living Systems Materialogy Research Group, International Research Frontiers Initiative, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8501, Japan
| | - Kazushi Kinbara
- School of Life Science and Technology, International Research Frontiers Initiative, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8501, Japan.
- Living Systems Materialogy Research Group, International Research Frontiers Initiative, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8501, Japan
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20
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Islam AS, Pramanik S, Mondal S, Ghosh R, Ghosh P. Selective recognition and extraction of iodide from pure water by a tripodal selenoimidazol(ium)-based chalcogen bonding receptor. iScience 2024; 27:108917. [PMID: 38327780 PMCID: PMC10847689 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.108917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
A selenium-based tripodal chalcogen bond (ChB) donor TPI-3Se is demonstrated for the recognition and extraction of I- from 100% water medium. NMR and ITC studies with the halides reveal that the ChB donor selectively binds with the large, weakly hydrated I-. Interestingly, I- crystallizes out selectively in the presence of other halides supporting the superiority of the selective recognition of I-. The X-ray structure of the ChB-iodide complex manifests both the μ1 and μ2 coordinated interactions, which is rare in the C-Se···I chalcogen bonding. Furthermore, to validate the selective I- binding potency of TPI-3Se in pure water, comparisons are made with its hydrogen and halogen bond donor analogs. The computational analysis also provides the mode of I- recognition by TPI-3Se. Importantly, this receptor is capable of extracting I- from pure water through selenium sigma-hole and I- interaction with a high degree of efficiency (∼70%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Abu S.M. Islam
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Sourav Pramanik
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Sahidul Mondal
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Rajib Ghosh
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Pradyut Ghosh
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata 700032, India
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21
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Dhaka A, Jeon IR, Fourmigué M. Selective Activation of Chalcogen Bonding: An Efficient Structuring Tool toward Crystal Engineering Strategies. Acc Chem Res 2024; 57:362-374. [PMID: 38275221 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.3c00674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
ConspectusAmong the noncovalent interactions available in the toolbox of crystal engineering, chalcogen bonding (ChB) has recently entered the growing family of σ-hole interactions, following the strong developments based on the halogen bonding (XB) interaction over the last 30 years. The monovalent character of halogens provides halogen bonding directionality and strength. Combined with the extensive organic chemistry of Br and I derivatives, it has led to many applications of XB, in solution (organo-catalysis, anion recognition and transport), in the solid state (cocrystals, conducting materials, fluorescent materials, topochemical reactions, ...), in soft matter (liquid crystals, gels,···), and in biochemistry. The recognition of the presence of two σ-holes on divalent chalcogens and the ability to activate them, as in XB, with electron-withdrawing groups (EWG) has fueled more recent interest in chalcogen bonding. However, despite being identified for many years, ChB still struggles to make a mark due to (i) the underdeveloped synthetic chemistry of heavier Se and Te; (ii) the limited stability of organic chalcogenides, especially tellurides; and (iii) the poor predictability of ChB associated with the presence of two σ-holes. It therefore invites a great deal of attention of molecular chemists to design and develop selected ChB donors, for the scrutiny of fundamentals of ChB and their successful use in different applications. This Account aims to summarize our own contributions in this direction that extend from fundamental studies focused on addressing the lack of directionality/predictability in ChB to a systematic demonstration of its potential, specifically in crystal engineering, and particularly toward anionic networks on the one hand, topochemical reactions on the other hand.In this Account, we share our recent results aimed at recovering with ChB the same degree of strength and predictability found with XB, by focusing on divalent Se and Te systems with two different substituents, one of them with an EWG, to strongly unbalance both σ-holes. For that purpose, we explored this dissymmetrization concept within three chemical families, selenocyanates R-SeCN, alkynyl derivatives R-C≡C-(Se/Te)Me, and o-carborane derivatives. Such compounds were systematically engaged in cocrystals with either halides or neutral bipyridines as ChB acceptors, revealing their strong potential to chelate halides as well as their ability to organize reactive molecules such as alkenes and butadiynes toward [2+2] cycloadditions and polydiacetylene formation, respectively. This selective activation concept is not limited to ChB but can be effectively used on all other σ-hole interactions (pnictogen bond, tetrel bond, etc.) where one needs to control the directionality of the interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arun Dhaka
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, ISCR - UMR 6226 (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes), Campus de Beaulieu, 35042 Rennes, France
| | - Ie-Rang Jeon
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, ISCR - UMR 6226 (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes), Campus de Beaulieu, 35042 Rennes, France
| | - Marc Fourmigué
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, ISCR - UMR 6226 (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes), Campus de Beaulieu, 35042 Rennes, France
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22
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Taylor AJ, Hein R, Patrick SC, Davis JJ, Beer PD. Anion Sensing through Redox-Modulated Fluorescent Halogen Bonding and Hydrogen Bonding Hosts. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202315959. [PMID: 38063409 PMCID: PMC10952190 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202315959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Anion sensing via either optical or electrochemical readouts has separately received enormous attention, however, a judicious combination of the advantages of both modalities remains unexplored. Toward this goal, we herein disclose a series of novel, redox-active, fluorescent, halogen bonding (XB) and hydrogen bonding (HB) BODIPY-based anion sensors, wherein the introduction of a ferrocene motif induces remarkable changes in the fluorescence response. Extensive fluorescence anion titration, lifetime and electrochemical studies reveal anion binding-induced emission modulation through intramolecular photoinduced electron transfer (PET), the magnitude of which is dependent on the nature of both the XB/HB donor and anion. Impressively, the XB sensor outperformed its HB congener in terms of anion binding strength and fluorescence switching magnitude, displaying significant fluorescence turn-OFF upon anion binding. In contrast, redox-inactive control receptors display a turn-ON response, highlighting the pronounced impact of the introduction of the redox-active ferrocene on the optical sensing performance. Additionally, the redox-active ferrocene motif also serves as an electrochemical reporter group, enabling voltammetric anion sensing in competitive solvents. The combined advantages of both sensing modalities were further exploited in a novel, proof-of-principle, fluorescence spectroelectrochemical anion sensing approach, enabling simultaneous and sensitive read out of optical and electrochemical responses in multiple oxidation states and at very low receptor concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J. Taylor
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of OxfordSouth Parks RoadOxfordOX1 3QZUK
| | - Robert Hein
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of OxfordSouth Parks RoadOxfordOX1 3QZUK
| | - Sophie C. Patrick
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of OxfordSouth Parks RoadOxfordOX1 3QZUK
| | - Jason J. Davis
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of OxfordSouth Parks RoadOxfordOX1 3QZUK
| | - Paul D. Beer
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of OxfordSouth Parks RoadOxfordOX1 3QZUK
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23
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Groslambert L, Cornaton Y, Ditte M, Aubert E, Pale P, Tkatchenko A, Djukic JP, Mamane V. Affinity of Telluronium Chalcogen Bond Donors for Lewis Bases in Solution: A Critical Experimental-Theoretical Joint Study. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202302933. [PMID: 37970753 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202302933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
Telluronium salts [Ar2 MeTe]X were synthesized, and their Lewis acidic properties towards a number of Lewis bases were addressed in solution by physical and theoretical means. Structural X-ray diffraction analysis of 21 different salts revealed the electrophilicity of the Te centers in their interactions with anions. Telluroniums' propensity to form Lewis pairs was investigated with OPPh3 . Diffusion-ordered NMR spectroscopy suggested that telluroniums can bind up to three OPPh3 molecules. Isotherm titration calorimetry showed that the related heats of association in 1,2-dichloroethane depend on the electronic properties of the substituents of the aryl moiety and on the nature of the counterion. The enthalpies of first association of OPPh3 span -0.5 to -5 kcal mol-1 . Study of the affinity of telluroniums for OPPh3 by state-of-the-art DFT and ab-initio methods revealed the dominant Coulombic and dispersion interactions as well as an entropic effect favoring association in solution. Intermolecular orbital interactions between [Ar2 MeTe]+ cations and OPPh3 are deemed insufficient on their own to ensure the cohesion of [Ar2 MeTe ⋅ Bn ]+ complexes in solution (B=Lewis base). Comparison of Grimme's and Tkatchenko's DFT-D4/MBD-vdW thermodynamics of formation of higher [Ar2 MeTe ⋅ Bn ]+ complexes revealed significant molecular size-dependent divergence of the two methodologies, with MBD yielding better agreement with experiment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loïc Groslambert
- LASYROC, UMR 7177 CNRS, University of Strasbourg, 1 Rue Blaise Pascal, F-67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Yann Cornaton
- LCSOM, UMR 7177 CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, 4 rue Blaise Pascal, F-67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Matej Ditte
- Department of Physics and Materials Science, University of Luxembourg, L-1511, Luxembourg City, Luxembourg
| | | | - Patrick Pale
- LASYROC, UMR 7177 CNRS, University of Strasbourg, 1 Rue Blaise Pascal, F-67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Alexandre Tkatchenko
- Department of Physics and Materials Science, University of Luxembourg, L-1511, Luxembourg City, Luxembourg
| | - Jean-Pierre Djukic
- LCSOM, UMR 7177 CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, 4 rue Blaise Pascal, F-67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Victor Mamane
- LASYROC, UMR 7177 CNRS, University of Strasbourg, 1 Rue Blaise Pascal, F-67000, Strasbourg, France
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24
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Narsimhulu G, Samuel C, Palani S, Dasari SHK, Krishnamoorthy K, Baskar V. Electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution mediated by an organotelluroxane macrocycle stabilized through secondary interactions. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:17242-17248. [PMID: 37966305 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt02746e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
A discrete liphophilic organotelluroxane macrocycle has been found to catalyse the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) by proton reduction efficiently. The macrocycle is synthesized via chloride abstraction from bis(p-methoxyphenyl) tellurium dichloride (p-MeOC6H5)2TeCl2 (1) by silver salts AgMX4 (MX4 = BF4-, and ClO4-) resulting in in situ generated di-cationic tetraorganoditelluroxane units; two such units are held together by two weak anions μ2-MX4, bridging to form 12-membered di-cationic macrocycles [((p-MeO-C6H4)2Te)2(μ-O)(μ2-F2BF2)2]2+ (2) and [((p-MeO-C6H4)2Te)2(μ-O)(μ2-O2ClO2)2]2+ (3) stabilized via Te-(μ2-BF4/ClO4), with secondary interactions. The charge is balanced by the presence of two more anions, one above and another below the plane of the macrocycle. Similar reaction at higher temperatures leads to the formation of telluronium salts R3TeX [X = BF4- (4), ClO4- (5)] as a major product. The BF4- anion containing macrocycle and telluronium salt were monitored using 19F NMR. HRMS confirmed the structural stability of all the compounds in the solution state. The organotelluroxane macrocycle 2 has been found to act as an efficient electrocatalyst for proton reduction in an organic medium in the presence of p-toluene sulfonic acid as a protic source.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gujju Narsimhulu
- School of Chemistry, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046, Telangana, India.
| | - Calvin Samuel
- School of Chemistry, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046, Telangana, India.
| | - Sathishkumar Palani
- Polymer Science and Engineering Division, CSIR-National Laboratory, Dr Homi Bhabha Road, Pune - 411008, India
| | | | - Kothandam Krishnamoorthy
- Polymer Science and Engineering Division, CSIR-National Laboratory, Dr Homi Bhabha Road, Pune - 411008, India
| | - Viswanathan Baskar
- School of Chemistry, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046, Telangana, India.
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25
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Min Tay H, Johnson TG, Docker A, Langton MJ, Beer PD. Exploiting the Catenane Mechanical Bond Effect for Selective Halide Anion Transmembrane Transport. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202312745. [PMID: 37772928 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202312745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023]
Abstract
The first examples of [2]catenanes capable of selective anion transport across a lipid bilayer are reported. The neutral halogen bonding (XB) [2]catenanes were prepared via a chloride template-directed strategy in an unprecedented demonstration of using XB⋅⋅⋅anion interactions to direct catenane assembly from all-neutral components. Anion binding experiments in aqueous-organic solvent media revealed strong halide over oxoanion selectivity, and a marked enhancement in the chloride and bromide affinities of the catenanes relative to their constituent macrocycles. The catenanes additionally displayed an anti-Hofmeister binding preference for bromide over the larger iodide anion, illustrating the efficacy of employing sigma-hole interactions in conjunction with the mechanical bond effect to tune receptor selectivity. Transmembrane anion transport studies conducted in POPC LUVs revealed that the catenanes were more effective anion transporters than the constituent macrocycles, with high chloride over hydroxide selectivity, which is critical to potential therapeutic applications of anionophores. Remarkably these outperform existing acyclic halogen bonding anionophores with regards to this selectivity. Record chloride over nitrate anion transport selectivity was also observed. This represents a rare example of the direct translation of intrinsic anion binding affinities to anion transport behaviour, and demonstrates the key role of the catenane mechanical bond effect for enhanced anion transport selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Min Tay
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - Toby G Johnson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew Docker
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew J Langton
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - Paul D Beer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
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26
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Zhao Z, Pang Y, Zhao Z, Zhou PP, Wang Y. Supramolecular catalysis with ethers enabled by dual chalcogen bonding activation. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6347. [PMID: 37816750 PMCID: PMC10564790 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42129-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The activation of ethers by weak interactions is a long-standing objective in supramolecular catalysis, but yet it remains an underdeveloped topic. The obstacles towards solving this problem are prominent since it is difficult for a weak interaction to cleave a relatively strong C-O σ-bond and moreover, the ionic intermediate composing of an alkoxide ion and an electrophilic carbocation would deactivate weak interaction donors. Herein, we describe a distinctive activation mode, dual Se···π and Se···O bonding, that could activate benzylic as well as allylic ether C-O σ-bonds to achieve cyclization, coupling and elimination reactions. This dual Se···π and Se···O bonding catalysis approach could tolerate various alkoxide leaving groups, while the other representative weak interaction donors showed no catalytic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiguo Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of the Colloid and Interface Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Yuanling Pang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of the Colloid and Interface Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Ziqiang Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of the Colloid and Interface Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Pan-Pan Zhou
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design of Ministry of Education, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Yao Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of the Colloid and Interface Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China.
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27
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Qiu J, Bateman CN, Lu S, George GC, Li X, Gorden JD, Vasylevskyi S, Cozzolino AF. Solution Studies of a Water-Stable, Trivalent Antimony Pnictogen Bonding Anion Receptor with High Binding Affinities for CN -, OCN -, and OAc . Inorg Chem 2023. [PMID: 37499143 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c01887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
The solution phase anion binding behavior of a water-stable bidentate pnictogen bond donor was studied. A modest change in the visible absorption spectrum allowed for the determination of the binding constants. High binding constants were observed with cyanide, cyanate, and acetate, and these were corroborated with density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The receptor could be recovered free from the anion following treatment with methyl triflate, confirming that it remains intact. The tight binding of cyanide and water stability were exploited to use this system as a supramolecular catalyst in a phase-transfer Strecker reaction, further demonstrating the utility of pnictogen bonding as a tool in noncovalent catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinchun Qiu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Box 1061, Lubbock, Texas 79409-1061, United States
| | - Curt N Bateman
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Box 1061, Lubbock, Texas 79409-1061, United States
| | - Shuai Lu
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Gary C George
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Box 1061, Lubbock, Texas 79409-1061, United States
| | - Xiaopeng Li
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - John D Gorden
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Box 1061, Lubbock, Texas 79409-1061, United States
| | - Serhii Vasylevskyi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Box 1061, Lubbock, Texas 79409-1061, United States
| | - Anthony F Cozzolino
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Box 1061, Lubbock, Texas 79409-1061, United States
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28
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Yokoyama M, Okayasu Y, Kobayashi Y, Tanaka H, Haketa Y, Maeda H. Ion-Pairing Assemblies of Dithienylnitrophenol-Based π-Electronic Anions Stabilized by Intramolecular Interactions. Org Lett 2023; 25:3676-3681. [PMID: 37172277 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c01075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Dithienylnitrophenols were synthesized as precursors of π-electronic anions, which were stabilized by intramolecular chalcogen bonding, forming various ion pairs in combination with cations. The modes of solid-state charge-by-charge assemblies, along with solution-state stacking and photoinduced electron transfer behaviors, were modulated by the constituent ionic species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miyu Yokoyama
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Life Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu 525-8577, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Okayasu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Life Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu 525-8577, Japan
| | - Yoichi Kobayashi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Life Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu 525-8577, Japan
| | - Hiroki Tanaka
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Life Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu 525-8577, Japan
| | - Yohei Haketa
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Life Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu 525-8577, Japan
| | - Hiromitsu Maeda
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Life Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu 525-8577, Japan
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29
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Abstract
ConspectusThe exploration of new catalysis concepts and strategies to drive chemical reactions is of vital importance for the sustainable development of organic synthesis. Recently, chalcogen bonding catalysis has emerged as a new concept for organic synthesis and has been demonstrated to be an important synthetic tool capable of addressing elusive reactivity and selectivity issues. This Account describes our progress in the research field of chalcogen bonding catalysis, including (1) the discovery of phosphonium chalcogenide (PCH) as highly efficient chalcogen bonding catalyst; (2) the development of "chalcogen-chalcogen bonding catalysis" and "chalcogen···π bonding catalysis" modes; (3) the demonstration that chalcogen bonding catalysis with PCH can activate hydrocarbons to achieve cyclization and coupling reactions of alkenes; (4) the discovery of unusual results that chalcogen bonding catalysis with PCH can solve elusive reactivity and selectivity issues that are inaccessible by classic catalysis approaches; and (5) the elucidation of chalcogen bonding mechanisms.With PCH catalysts, we systematically studied their chalcogen bonding properties, the relationship between structure and catalysis, and their application in facilitating a diverse array of reactions. Enabled by chalcogen-chalcogen bonding catalysis, an efficient assembly reaction of three molecules of β-ketoaldehyde and one indole derivative in a single operation was realized, delivering heterocycles with a newly constructed seven-membered ring. In addition, a Se···O bonding catalysis approach achieved an efficient synthesis of calix[4]pyrroles. We developed a "dual chalcogen bonding catalysis" strategy to solve reactivity and selectivity issues in the Rauhut-Currier-type reactions and related cascade cyclizations, thus shifting conventionally covalent Lewis base catalysis to a cooperative Se···O bonding catalysis approach. This strategy enables the cyanosilylation of ketones to take place in the presence of a ppm-level amount of PCH catalyst loading. Furthermore, we established chalcogen···π bonding catalysis for catalytic transformation of alkenes. In the research field of supramolecular catalysis, the activation of hydrocarbons such as alkenes by weak interactions is a highly interesting unresolved topic. We showed that the Se···π bonding catalysis approach could efficiently activate alkenes to achieve both coupling and cyclization reactions. Chalcogen···π bonding catalysis with PCH catalysts is particularly highlighted by the capability of facilitating strong Lewis-acid inaccessible transformations, such as the controlled cross coupling of triple alkenes. Overall, this Account presents a panoramic view of our research on chalcogen bonding catalysis with PCH catalysts. The works described in this Account provide a significant platform to solve synthetic problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiguo Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of the Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Yao Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of the Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
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30
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Pale P, Mamane V. Chalcogen Bonds: How to Characterize Them in Solution? Chemphyschem 2023; 24:e202200481. [PMID: 36205925 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202200481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Chalcogen bonds (ChBs) occur between molecules containing Lewis acidic chalcogen substituents and Lewis bases. Recently, ChB emerged as a pivotal interaction in solution-based applications such as anion recognition, anion transport and catalysis. However, before moving to applications, the involvement of ChB must be established in solution. In this Concept article, we provide a brief review of the currently available experimental investigations of ChB in solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Pale
- UMR 7177, LASYROC, CNRS and Strasbourg University, 4 rue Blaise Pascal, 67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Victor Mamane
- UMR 7177, LASYROC, CNRS and Strasbourg University, 4 rue Blaise Pascal, 67000, Strasbourg, France
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31
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Docker A, Johnson TG, Kuhn H, Zhang Z, Langton MJ. Multistate Redox-Switchable Ion Transport Using Chalcogen-Bonding Anionophores. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:2661-2668. [PMID: 36652378 PMCID: PMC9896566 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c12892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Synthetic supramolecular transmembrane anionophores have emerged as promising anticancer chemotherapeutics. However, key to their targeted application is achieving spatiotemporally controlled activity. Herein, we report a series of chalcogen-bonding diaryl tellurium-based transporters in which their anion binding potency and anionophoric activity are controlled through reversible redox cycling between Te oxidation states. This unprecedented in situ reversible multistate switching allows for switching between ON and OFF anion transport and is crucially achieved with biomimetic chemical redox couples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Docker
- Department of Chemistry,
Chemistry Research Laboratory, University
of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Toby G. Johnson
- Department of Chemistry,
Chemistry Research Laboratory, University
of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Heike Kuhn
- Department of Chemistry,
Chemistry Research Laboratory, University
of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Zongyao Zhang
- Department of Chemistry,
Chemistry Research Laboratory, University
of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Matthew J. Langton
- Department of Chemistry,
Chemistry Research Laboratory, University
of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, UK
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32
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Steinke T, Engelage E, Huber SM. Chalcogen bonding in the solid-state structures of 1,3-bis(benzimidazoliumyl)benzene-based chalcogen-bonding donors. Acta Crystallogr C Struct Chem 2023; 79:26-35. [PMID: 36739607 PMCID: PMC9899511 DOI: 10.1107/s2053229622011536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
1,3-Bis(benzimidazoliumyl)benzene-based chalcogen-bonding catalysts were previously successfully applied in different benchmark reactions. In one of those examples, i.e. the activation of quinolines, sulfur- and selenium-based chalcogen-bonding catalysts showed comparable properties, which is unexpected, as the selenium-containing catalysts should show superior catalytic properties due to the increased polarizability of selenium compared to sulfur. Herein, we present four crystal structures of the respective 1,3-bis(benzimidazoliumyl)benzene-based chalcogen-bonding catalyst containing sulfur (3S) and selenium (3Se, three forms) as Lewis acidic centres. The sulfur-containing catalyst shows weaker chalcogen bonding compared to its selenium analogue, as well as anion-π interactions. The selenium-based analogues, on the other hand, show stronger chalcogen-bonding motifs compared to the sulfur equivalent, depending on the crystallization conditions, but in every case, the intermolecular interactions are comparable in strength. Other interactions, such as hydrogen bonding and anion-π, were also observed, but in the latter case, the interaction distances are longer compared to those of the sulfur-based equivalent. The solid-state structures could not further explain the high catalytic activity of the sulfur-containing catalysts. Therefore, a comparison of their σ-hole depths from density functional theory (DFT) gas-phase calculations was performed, which are again in line with the previously found properties in the solid-state structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim Steinke
- Fakultät für Chemie und Biochemie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstrasse 150, Bochum, 44801, Germany
| | - Elric Engelage
- Fakultät für Chemie und Biochemie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstrasse 150, Bochum, 44801, Germany
| | - Stefan M. Huber
- Fakultät für Chemie und Biochemie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstrasse 150, Bochum, 44801, Germany
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33
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Duan HY, Han ST, Zhan TG, Liu LJ, Zhang KD. Visible-Light-Switchable Tellurium-Based Chalcogen Bonding: Photocontrolled Anion Binding and Anion Abstraction Catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202212707. [PMID: 36383643 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202212707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Exploring new noncovalent bonding motifs with reversibly tunable binding affinity is of fundamental importance in manipulating the properties and functions of supramolecular self-assembly systems and materials. Herein, for the first time, we demonstrate a unique visible-light-switchable telluro-triazole/triazolium-based chalcogen bonding (ChB) system in which the Te moieties are connected by azobenzene cores. The binding strengths between these azo-derived ChB receptors and the halide anions (Cl- , Br- ) could be reversibly regulated upon irradiation by visible light of different wavelengths. The cis-bidentate ChB receptors exhibit enhanced halide anion binding ability compared to the trans-monodentate receptors. In particular, the telluro-triazolium-based ChB receptor can achieve both high and significantly photoswitchable binding affinities for halide anions, which enable it to serve as an efficient photocontrolled organocatalyst for ChB-assisted halide abstraction in a Friedel-Crafts alkylation benchmark reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Ying Duan
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, 688 Yingbin Road, Jinhua, 321004, P. R. China
| | - Shi-Tao Han
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, 688 Yingbin Road, Jinhua, 321004, P. R. China
| | - Tian-Guang Zhan
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, 688 Yingbin Road, Jinhua, 321004, P. R. China
| | - Li-Juan Liu
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, 688 Yingbin Road, Jinhua, 321004, P. R. China
| | - Kang-Da Zhang
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, 688 Yingbin Road, Jinhua, 321004, P. R. China
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34
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Synthesis and characterization of two polynuclear zinc(II) complexes and their applications in nitroaromatics sensing: An experimental and theoretical study. Inorganica Chim Acta 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2022.121186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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35
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Ren B, Lu Y, Wang R, Liu H. First-principles study of chalcogen-bonded self-assembly structures on silicene: some insight into the fabrication of molecular architectures on surfaces through chalcogen bonding. Chem Phys 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2022.111763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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36
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Kerckhoffs A, Christensen KE, Langton MJ. Fast relaxing red and near-IR switchable azobenzenes with chalcogen and halogen substituents: periodic trends, tuneable thermal half-lives and chalcogen bonding. Chem Sci 2022; 13:11551-11559. [PMID: 36320400 PMCID: PMC9555560 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc04601f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Molecular photoswitches operating in the red to near-IR region with controllable thermal relaxation rates are attractive components for photo-regulating biological processes. Herein, we report the synthesis of red-shifted azobenzenes functionalised with the heavier chalcogens and halogens that meet these requirements for biological application; namely fatigue-resistant photo-switching with red and near IR light and functional handles for further functionalisation for application. We report robust periodic trends for the chalcogen and halogen azobenzene series, and exploit intramolecular chalcogen bonding to tune and redshift the absorption maxima, supported by photo-physical measurements and solid-state structural analysis. Remarkably, the rate of the Z → E thermal isomerisation can be tuned over timescales spanning 107 s by judicious choice of chalcogen and halogen substituents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aidan Kerckhoffs
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford 12 Mansfield Road Oxford OX1 3TA UK
| | - Kirsten E Christensen
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford 12 Mansfield Road Oxford OX1 3TA UK
| | - Matthew J Langton
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford 12 Mansfield Road Oxford OX1 3TA UK
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37
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Cholesterol-stabilized membrane-active nanopores with anticancer activities. Nat Commun 2022; 13:5985. [PMID: 36216956 PMCID: PMC9551035 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-33639-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Cholesterol-enhanced pore formation is one evolutionary means cholesterol-free bacterial cells utilize to specifically target cholesterol-rich eukaryotic cells, thus escaping the toxicity these membrane-lytic pores might have brought onto themselves. Here, we present a class of artificial cholesterol-dependent nanopores, manifesting nanopore formation sensitivity, up-regulated by cholesterol of up to 50 mol% (relative to the lipid molecules). The high modularity in the amphiphilic molecular backbone enables a facile tuning of pore size and consequently channel activity. Possessing a nano-sized cavity of ~ 1.6 nm in diameter, our most active channel Ch-C1 can transport nanometer-sized molecules as large as 5(6)-carboxyfluorescein and display potent anticancer activity (IC50 = 3.8 µM) toward human hepatocellular carcinomas, with high selectivity index values of 12.5 and >130 against normal human liver and kidney cells, respectively. Bacterial cells utilize cholesterol-enhanced pore formation to specifically target eukaryotic cells. Here, the authors present a class of bio-inspired, cholesterol-enhanced nanopores which display anticancer activities in vitro.
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38
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Li B, Wang X, Wang H, Song Q, Ni Y, Wang H, Wang X. Influence of the anion base X (X=F−, Cl−, Br−, NO3− and SO42−) on the formation of Chalcogen bonds in Chalcogenodiazoles C4N4Ch (Ch=S, Se and Te). J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.133371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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39
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Bauzá A, Frontera A. Noncovalent Interactions Involving Group 6 in Biological Systems: The Case of Molybdopterin and Tungstopterin Cofactors. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202201660. [PMID: 35670547 PMCID: PMC9545818 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202201660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
In this study we propose to coin the term Wolfium bond (WfB) to refer to a net attractive force (noncovalent interaction) between any element of group 6 and electron donor atoms (neutral molecules or anions) and to differentiate it from a coordination bond (metal-ligand interaction). We provide evidence of the existence of this interaction by inspecting the X-ray crystal structure of proteins containing Molybdopterin and Tungstopterin cofactors from the Protein Data Bank (PDB). The plausible biological role of the interaction as well as its physical nature (antibonding Wf-Ligand orbital involved) are also analyzed by means of ab initio calculations (RI-MP2/def2-TZVP level of theory), Atoms in Molecules (AIM), Natural Bond Orbital (NBO) and Noncovalent Interactions plot (NCIplot) analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Bauzá
- Departament de QuímicaUniversitat de les Illes BalearsCtra. de Valldemossa km 7.507122Palma de Mallorca (Baleares)Spain
| | - Antonio Frontera
- Departament de QuímicaUniversitat de les Illes BalearsCtra. de Valldemossa km 7.507122Palma de Mallorca (Baleares)Spain
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40
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Alfuth J, Jeannin O, Fourmigué M. Topochemical, Single-Crystal-to-Single-Crystal [2+2] Photocycloadditions Driven by Chalcogen-Bonding Interactions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202206249. [PMID: 35797220 PMCID: PMC9546344 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202206249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
The face-to-face association of (E)-1,2-di(4-pyridyl)ethylene (bpen) molecules into rectangular motifs stabilized for the first time by chalcogen bonding (ChB) interactions is shown to provide photoreactive systems leading to cyclobutane formation through single-crystal-to-single-crystal [2+2] photodimerizations. The chelating chalcogen bond donors are based on original aromatic, ortho-substituted bis(selenocyanato)benzene derivatives 1-3, prepared from ortho-diboronic acid bis(pinacol) ester precursors and SeO2 and malononitrile in 75-90 % yield. The very short intramolecular Se⋅⋅⋅Se distance in 1-3 (3.22-3.24 Å), a consequence of a strong intramolecular ChB interaction, expands to 3.52-3.54 Å in the chalcogen-bonded adducts with bpen, a distance (<4 Å) well adapted to the face-to-face association of the bpen molecules into the reactive position toward photochemical dimerization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Alfuth
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes), 35000, Rennes, France
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, 80-233, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Olivier Jeannin
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes), 35000, Rennes, France
| | - Marc Fourmigué
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes), 35000, Rennes, France
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41
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Abstract
Osme bonds have been recently defined as the attractive interaction between an element of group 8 acting as an electrophile and any atom or group of atoms acting as a nucleophile. To date, the known examples of osme bonds in X-ray structures involve mostly the highly reactive OsO4 and amines and amine oxides. In this work, evidence supporting the existence of osme bonds in osmium(VI) derivatives is reported. In particular, nitrido-osmium(VI) complexes that present square-pyramidal geometries are well disposed to participate in osme bonds opposite to the Os≡N bond. By using a combination of experimental and theoretical results, the existence and importance of this new class of σ-hole interactions is demonstrated in the solid state of several nitrido-osmium(VI) derivatives.
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42
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Zhang Q, Chan Y, Zhang M, Yeung Y, Ke Z. Hypervalent Chalcogenonium⋅⋅⋅π Bonding Catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202208009. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202208009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qingyu Zhang
- School of Science and Engineering The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shenzhen 518172, Guangdong China
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026, Anhui China
| | - Yung‐Yin Chan
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shatin, NT Hong Kong China
| | - Muyin Zhang
- School of Science and Engineering The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shenzhen 518172, Guangdong China
| | - Ying‐Yeung Yeung
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shatin, NT Hong Kong China
| | - Zhihai Ke
- School of Science and Engineering The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shenzhen 518172, Guangdong China
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43
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Steinke T, Wonner P, Gauld RM, Heinrich S, Huber SM. Catalytic Activation of Imines by Chalcogen Bond Donors in a Povarov [4+2] Cycloaddition Reaction. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202200917. [PMID: 35704037 PMCID: PMC9545453 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202200917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Recently, chalcogen bonding has been investigated in more detail in organocatalysis and the scope of activated functionalities continues to increase. Herein, the activation of imines in a Povarov [4+2] cycloaddition reaction with bidentate cationic chalcogen bond donors is presented. Tellurium-based Lewis acids show superior properties compared to selenium-based catalysts and inactive sulfur-based analogues. The catalytic activity of the chalcogen bonding donors increases with weaker binding anions. Triflate, however, is not suitable due to its participation in the catalytic pathway. A solvent screening revealed a more efficient activation in less polar solvents and a pronounced effect of solvent (and catalyst) on endo : exo diastereomeric ratio. Finally, new chiral chalcogen bonding catalysts were applied but provided only racemic mixtures of the product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim Steinke
- Fakultät für Chemie und BiochemieRuhr-Universität BochumUniversitätsstraße 15044801BochumGermany
| | - Patrick Wonner
- Fakultät für Chemie und BiochemieRuhr-Universität BochumUniversitätsstraße 15044801BochumGermany
| | - Richard M. Gauld
- Fakultät für Chemie und BiochemieRuhr-Universität BochumUniversitätsstraße 15044801BochumGermany
| | - Sascha Heinrich
- Fakultät für Biologie und BiotechnologieRuhr-Universität BochumUniversitätsstraße 15044801BochumGermany
| | - Stefan M. Huber
- Fakultät für Chemie und BiochemieRuhr-Universität BochumUniversitätsstraße 15044801BochumGermany
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44
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Liu J, Zhou M, Deng R, Zheng P, Chi YR. Chalcogen bond-guided conformational isomerization enables catalytic dynamic kinetic resolution of sulfoxides. Nat Commun 2022; 13:4793. [PMID: 35970848 PMCID: PMC9378665 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-32428-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Conformational isomerization can be guided by weak interactions such as chalcogen bonding (ChB) interactions. Here we report a catalytic strategy for asymmetric access to chiral sulfoxides by employing conformational isomerization and chalcogen bonding interactions. The reaction involves a sulfoxide bearing two aldehyde moieties as the substrate that, according to structural analysis and DFT calculations, exists as a racemic mixture due to the presence of an intramolecular chalcogen bond. This chalcogen bond formed between aldehyde (oxygen atom) and sulfoxide (sulfur atom), induces a conformational locking effect, thus making the symmetric sulfoxide as a racemate. In the presence of N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) as catalyst, the aldehyde moiety activated by the chalcogen bond selectively reacts with an alcohol to afford the corresponding chiral sulfoxide products with excellent optical purities. This reaction involves a dynamic kinetic resolution (DKR) process enabled by conformational locking and facile isomerization by chalcogen bonding interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianjian Liu
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Mali Zhou
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Rui Deng
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Pengcheng Zheng
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China.
| | - Yonggui Robin Chi
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China.
- Division of Chemistry & Biological Chemistry, School of Physical & Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637371, Singapore.
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45
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Docker A, Marques I, Kuhn H, Zhang Z, Félix V, Beer PD. Selective Potassium Chloride Recognition, Sensing, Extraction, and Transport Using a Chalcogen-Bonding Heteroditopic Receptor. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:14778-14789. [PMID: 35930460 PMCID: PMC9394446 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c05333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
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Chalcogen bonding (ChB) is rapidly rising to prominence
in supramolecular
chemistry as a powerful sigma (σ)-hole-based noncovalent interaction,
especially for applications in the field of molecular recognition.
Recent studies have demonstrated ChB donor strength and potency to
be remarkably sensitive to local electronic environments, including
redox-switchable on/off anion binding and sensing capability. Influencing
the unique electronic and geometric environment sensitivity of ChB
interactions through simultaneous cobound metal cation recognition,
herein, we present the first potassium chloride-selective heteroditopic
ion-pair receptor. The direct conjugation of benzo-15-crown-5 ether
(B15C5) appendages to Te centers in a bis-tellurotriazole framework
facilitates alkali metal halide (MX) ion-pair binding through the
formation of a cofacial intramolecular bis-B15C5 M+ (M+ = K+, Rb+, Cs+) sandwich
complex and bidentate ChB···X– formation.
Extensive quantitative 1H NMR ion-pair affinity titration
experiments, solid–liquid and liquid–liquid extraction,
and U-tube transport studies all demonstrate unprecedented KCl selectivity
over all other group 1 metal chlorides. It is demonstrated that the
origin of the receptor’s ion-pair binding cooperativity and
KCl selectivity arises from an electronic polarization of the ChB
donors induced by the cobound alkali metal cation. Importantly, the
magnitude of this switch on Te-centered electrophilicity, and therefore
anion-binding affinity, is shown to correlate with the inherent Lewis
acidity of the alkali metal cation. Extensive computational DFT investigations
corroborated the experimental alkali metal cation–anion ion-pair
binding observations for halides and oxoanions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Docker
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, U. K
| | - Igor Marques
- CICECO─Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Heike Kuhn
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, U. K
| | - Zongyao Zhang
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, U. K
| | - Vítor Félix
- CICECO─Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Paul D Beer
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, U. K
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47
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Alfuth J, Jeannin O, Fourmigue M. Topochemical, Single‐Crystal‐to‐Single‐Crystal [2+2] Photocycloadditions Driven by Chalcogen‐Bonding Interactions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202206249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jan Alfuth
- Gdańsk University of Technology: Politechnika Gdanska Organic chemistry Gdansk POLAND
| | | | - Marc Fourmigue
- UMR 6226 CNRS-Universite Rennes1 Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes Campus de BeaulieuBatiment 10C 35042 Rennes FRANCE
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48
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Zhang Q, Chan YY, Zhang M, Yeung YY, Ke Z. Hypervalent Chalcogenonium•••π Bonding Catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202208009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qingyu Zhang
- The Chinese University of Hong Kong - Shenzhen School of Science and Engineering CHINA
| | - Yung-Yin Chan
- The Chinese University of Hong Kong Department of Chemistry HONG KONG
| | - Muyin Zhang
- The Chinese University of Hong Kong - Shenzhen School of Science and Engineering CHINA
| | - Ying-Yeung Yeung
- The Chinese University of Hong Kong Department of Chemistry HONG KONG
| | - Zhihai Ke
- The Chinese University of Hong Kong - Shenzhen School of Science and Engineering School of Science and Engineering2001 Longxiang Road, Longgang District 518172 Shenzhen CHINA
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49
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Zhu H, Zhou PP, Wang Y. Cooperative chalcogen bonding interactions in confined sites activate aziridines. Nat Commun 2022; 13:3563. [PMID: 35732663 PMCID: PMC9217929 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-31293-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The activation of aziridines typically involves the use of strong Lewis acids or transition metals, and methods relying on weak interactions are rare. Herein, we report that cooperative chalcogen bonding interactions in confined sites can activate sulfonyl-protected aziridines. Among the several possible distinct bonding modes, our experiments and computational studies suggest that an activation mode involving the cooperative Se···O and Se···N interactions is in operation. The catalytic reactions between weakly bonded supramolecular species and nonactivated alkenes are considered as unfavorable approaches. However, here we show that the activation of aziridines by cooperative Se···O and Se···N interactions enables the cycloaddition of weakly bonded aziridine-selenide complex with nonactivated alkenes in a catalytic manner. Thus, weak interactions can indeed enable these transformations and are an alternative to methods relying on strong Lewis acids. The activation of aziridines is typically achieved via reaction with strong Lewis acids or transition metals. Here, the authors report that cooperative Se ∙ ∙∙O and Se ∙ ∙∙N noncovalent interactions can activate sulfonyl-protected aziridines, which enables their use in cycloaddition reactions with nonactivated alkenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haofu Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of the Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Pan-Pan Zhou
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design of Ministry of Education, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
| | - Yao Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of the Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China.
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50
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Hein R, Beer PD. Halogen bonding and chalcogen bonding mediated sensing. Chem Sci 2022; 13:7098-7125. [PMID: 35799814 PMCID: PMC9214886 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc01800d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Sigma-hole interactions, in particular halogen bonding (XB) and chalcogen bonding (ChB), have become indispensable tools in supramolecular chemistry, with wide-ranging applications in crystal engineering, catalysis and materials chemistry as well as anion recognition, transport and sensing. The latter has very rapidly developed in recent years and is becoming a mature research area in its own right. This can be attributed to the numerous advantages sigma-hole interactions imbue in sensor design, in particular high degrees of selectivity, sensitivity and the capability for sensing in aqueous media. Herein, we provide the first detailed overview of all developments in the field of XB and ChB mediated sensing, in particular the detection of anions but also neutral (gaseous) Lewis bases. This includes a wide range of optical colorimetric and luminescent sensors as well as an array of electrochemical sensors, most notably redox-active host systems. In addition, we discuss a range of other sensor designs, including capacitive sensors and chemiresistors, and provide a detailed overview and outlook for future fundamental developments in the field. Importantly the sensing concepts and methodologies described herein for the XB and ChB mediated sensing of anions, are generically applicable for the development of supramolecular receptors and sensors in general, including those for cations and neutral molecules employing a wide array of non-covalent interactions. As such we believe this review to be a useful guide to both the supramolecular and general chemistry community with interests in the fields of host-guest recognition and small molecule sensing. Moreover, we also highlight the need for a broader integration of supramolecular chemistry, analytical chemistry, synthetic chemistry and materials science in the development of the next generation of potent sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Hein
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford Mansfield Road Oxford OX1 3TA UK
| | - Paul D Beer
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford Mansfield Road Oxford OX1 3TA UK
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