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Knüpfer C, Klerner L, Mai J, Langer J, Harder S. s-Block metal complexes of superbulky ( tBu 3Si) 2N -: a new weakly coordinating anion? Chem Sci 2024; 15:4386-4395. [PMID: 38516089 PMCID: PMC10952107 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc06896j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Sterically hindered amide anions have found widespread application as deprotonation agents or as ligands to stabilize metals in unusual coordination geometries or oxidation states. The use of bulky amides has also been advantageous in catalyst design. Herein we present s-block metal chemistry with one of the bulkiest known amide ligands: (tBu3Si)2N- (abbreviated: tBuN-). The parent amine (tBuNH), introduced earlier by Wiberg, is extremely resistant to deprotonation (even with nBuLi/KOtBu superbases) but can be deprotonated slowly with a blue Cs+/e- electride formed by addition of Cs0 to THF. (tBuN)Cs crystallized as a separated ion-pair, even without cocrystallized solvent. As salt-metathesis reactions with (tBuN)Cs are sluggish and incomplete, it has only limited use as an amide transfer reagent. However, ball-milling with LiI led to quantitative formation of (tBuN)Li and CsI. Structural characterization shows that (tBuN)Li is a monomeric contact ion-pair with a relatively short N-Li bond, an unusual T-shaped coordination geometry around N and extremely short Li⋯Me anagostic interactions. Crystal structures are compared with Li and Cs complexes of less bulky amide ligands (iPr3Si)2N- (iPrN-) and (Me3Si)2N- (MeN-). DFT calculations show trends in the geometries and electron distributions of amide ligands of increasing steric bulk (MeN- < iPrN- < tBuN-) and confirm that tBuN- is a rare example of a halogen-free weakly coordinating anion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Knüpfer
- Inorganic and Organometallic Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Egerlandstraße 1 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Lukas Klerner
- Inorganic and Organometallic Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Egerlandstraße 1 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Jonathan Mai
- Inorganic and Organometallic Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Egerlandstraße 1 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Jens Langer
- Inorganic and Organometallic Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Egerlandstraße 1 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Sjoerd Harder
- Inorganic and Organometallic Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Egerlandstraße 1 91058 Erlangen Germany
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2
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Hédouin M, Barthelemy AL, Vanthuyne N, Besrour H, Maddaluno J, Magnier E, Oulyadi H. NMR and DFT Studies with a Doubly Labelled 15 N/ 6 Li S-Trifluoromethyl Sulfoximine Reveal Why a Directed ortho-Lithiation Requires an Excess of n-BuLi. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202214106. [PMID: 36377763 PMCID: PMC10108270 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202214106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This work shows why it is imperious to use an excess of butyllithium for a directed ortho-lithiation of a trifluoromethyl sulfoximine. The analysis of mixtures of n-BuLi and sulfoximine 1 in THF-d8 using {1 H, 6 Li, 13 C, 15 N, 19 F} NMR experiments at low temperatures reveal that a first deprotonation occurs that leads to dimeric and tetrameric N-lithiated sulfoximine (93 : 7). Using an excess n-BuLi (5 equivalents), the second deprotonation on the ortho-position of the aromatic occurs. Six species were observed and characterized on the way. It includes three aggregates involving a sulfoximine: i) a [dilithiated sulfoximine/(n-BuLi)] dimer solvated by four molecules of THF (Agg2, 39 %); ii) a [dilithiated sulfoximine/(n-BuLi)3 ] tetramer solvated by six molecules of THF (Agg3, 39 %); iii) a [dilithiated sulfoximine/(n-BuOLi)3 ] tetramer solvated by four molecules of THF (Agg1, 22 %). A DFT study afforded optimized solvated structures for all these aggregates, fully consistent with the NMR data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthieu Hédouin
- Laboratoire COBRA (UMR 6014 & FR 3038), Normandie Université, UNIROUEN, INSA Rouen, CNRS Rue Tesniere, 76821, Mont Saint Aignan, France
| | - Anne-Laure Barthelemy
- Institut Lavoisier de Versailles (UMR 8180), Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, CNRS, 45 avenue des Etats-Unis, 78035, Versailles, France
| | - Nicolas Vanthuyne
- iSm2, UMR 7313, Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, AMUtech, 13288, Marseille, France
| | - Hend Besrour
- Laboratoire COBRA (UMR 6014 & FR 3038), Normandie Université, UNIROUEN, INSA Rouen, CNRS Rue Tesniere, 76821, Mont Saint Aignan, France
| | - Jacques Maddaluno
- Laboratoire COBRA (UMR 6014 & FR 3038), Normandie Université, UNIROUEN, INSA Rouen, CNRS Rue Tesniere, 76821, Mont Saint Aignan, France
| | - Emmanuel Magnier
- Institut Lavoisier de Versailles (UMR 8180), Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, CNRS, 45 avenue des Etats-Unis, 78035, Versailles, France
| | - Hassan Oulyadi
- Laboratoire COBRA (UMR 6014 & FR 3038), Normandie Université, UNIROUEN, INSA Rouen, CNRS Rue Tesniere, 76821, Mont Saint Aignan, France
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3
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Affiliation(s)
- Hans‐Joachim Gais
- Institute of Organic Chemistry RWTH Aachen University Professor-Pirlet Strasse 1 52074 Aachen Germany
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4
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Neal MJ, Hejnosz SL, Rohde JJ, Evanseck JD, Montgomery TD. Multi-Ion Bridged Pathway of N-Oxides to 1,3-Dipole Dilithium Oxide Complexes. J Org Chem 2021; 86:11502-11518. [PMID: 34379424 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c01047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Roussi's landmark work on the generation of 1,3-dipoles from tertiary amine N-oxides has not reached its full potential since its underlying mechanism is neither well explored nor understood. Two competing mechanisms were previously proposed to explain the transformation involving either an iminium ion or a diradical intermediate. Our investigation has revealed an alternative mechanistic pathway that explains experimental results and provides significant insights to guide the creation of new N-oxide reagents beyond tertiary alkylamines for direct synthetic transformations. Truhlar's M06-2x functional and Møller-Plesset second-order perturbation theory with Dunning's [jul,aug]-cc-pv[D,T]z basis sets and discrete-continuum solvation models were employed to determine activation enthalpies and structures. During these mechanistic explorations, we discovered a unique multi-ion bridged pathway resulting from the rate-determining step, which was energetically more favorable than other alternate mechanisms. This newly proposed mechanism contains no electrophilic intermediates, strengthening the reaction potential by broadening the reagent scope and limiting the possible side reactions. This thoroughly defined general mechanism supports a more direct route for improving the use of N-oxides in generating azomethine ylide-dilithium oxide complexes with expanded functional group tolerance and breadth of chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin J Neal
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Center for Computational Sciences, Duquesne University, 600 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15282, United States
| | - Sarah L Hejnosz
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Center for Computational Sciences, Duquesne University, 600 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15282, United States
| | - Jeffrey J Rohde
- Department of Chemistry, Physics, and Engineering, Franciscan University of Steubenville, 1235 University Boulevard, Steubenville, Ohio 43952, United States
| | - Jeffrey D Evanseck
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Center for Computational Sciences, Duquesne University, 600 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15282, United States
| | - Thomas D Montgomery
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Center for Computational Sciences, Duquesne University, 600 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15282, United States
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5
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Xiao S, Liu C, Song B, Wang L, Qi Y, Liu Y. Samarium-based Grignard-type addition of organohalides to carbonyl compounds under catalysis of CuI. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:6169-6172. [PMID: 34047318 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc00965f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Grignard-type additions were readily achieved under the mediation of CuI (10 mol%) and samarium (2 equiv.) by employing various organohalides, e.g. benzyl, aryl, heterocyclic and aliphatic halides (Cl, Br or I), and diverse carbonyl compounds (e.g. carbonic esters, carboxylic esters, acid anhydrides, acyl chlorides, ketones, aldehydes, propylene epoxides and formamides) to afford alcohols, ketones and aldehydes, respectively, with high efficiency and chemoselectivity, in which the organosamarium intermediate might be involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuhuan Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Optic-electric Sensing and Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Chen Liu
- Key Laboratory of Optic-electric Sensing and Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Bin Song
- Key Laboratory of Optic-electric Sensing and Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Liang Wang
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Changcheng Rd. #700, Qingdao 266109, P. R. China
| | - Yan Qi
- Key Laboratory of Optic-electric Sensing and Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Yongjun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Optic-electric Sensing and Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
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Xu M, Qu ZW, Grimme S, Stephan DW. Lithium Dicyclohexylamide in Transition-Metal-Free Fischer-Tropsch Chemistry. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:634-638. [PMID: 33399459 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c11482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Lithium dicyclohexylamide (Cy2NLi) reacts with syn-gas or CO to generate transient intermediates with carbene character, which are capable of reacting further with CO or H2, effecting sequential C-C and C-H bond formations from CO or H2, thus providing a transition-metal-free avenue to the fundamental reactions of the Fischer-Tropsch process. Further experimental and computational data indicate that reactions with CO and H2 are thermodynamically accessible, with a kinetic bias toward CO homologation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maotong Xu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Zheng-Wang Qu
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Beringstrasse 4, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Stefan Grimme
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Beringstrasse 4, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Douglas W Stephan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
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7
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Bozzini LA, Santos TD, Murie VE, de Mello MBM, Vessecchi R, Clososki GC. Regioselective Functionalization of Ester-, Amide-, Carbonate-, and Carbamate-Substituted 2-Phenyl-2-oxazolines with Mixed Lithium-Magnesium Amides. J Org Chem 2021; 86:1204-1215. [PMID: 33296214 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c02369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
We have prepared novel highly functionalized benzene derivatives by regioselective metalation of ester-, amide-, carbamate-, and carbonate-substituted 2-phenyl-2-oxazolines with mixed lithium-magnesium amides followed by reaction with different electrophiles. While a complementary metalation site can be accessed by using different bases, steric and electronic effects promoted by the aromatic ring substituents also play an important role in reaction regioselectivity. Computational calculations of the aromatic hydrogen pKa values have helped us to rationalize the metalation preference by the complex-induced proximity effect concept.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leandro A Bozzini
- Departamento de Ciências BioMoleculares, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. do Café s/n, Ribeirão Preto-SP 14040-903, Brazil
| | - Thiago Dos Santos
- Departamento de Ciências BioMoleculares, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. do Café s/n, Ribeirão Preto-SP 14040-903, Brazil
| | - Valter E Murie
- Departamento de Ciências BioMoleculares, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. do Café s/n, Ribeirão Preto-SP 14040-903, Brazil
| | - Murilo B M de Mello
- Departamento de Ciências BioMoleculares, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. do Café s/n, Ribeirão Preto-SP 14040-903, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Vessecchi
- Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Filosofia Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. dos Bandeirantes 3900, Ribeirão Preto-SP 14090-901, Brazil
| | - Giuliano C Clososki
- Departamento de Ciências BioMoleculares, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. do Café s/n, Ribeirão Preto-SP 14040-903, Brazil
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8
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Nilova A, Campeau LC, Sherer EC, Stuart DR. Analysis of Benzenoid Substitution Patterns in Small Molecule Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients. J Med Chem 2020; 63:13389-13396. [PMID: 32786676 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c00915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Previous analyses have revealed that benzenoid rings are prevalent scaffolds in active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs). Here, we analyze the substitution patterns of benzenoid rings in small molecule APIs approved by the FDA through 2019 and show that only a few substitution patterns (1-, 1,2-, 1,4-, and 1,2,4-) prevail, and the distribution has remained relatively constant over time. We postulate the connection between available synthetic methods and the occurrence of a few benzenoid substitution patterns by providing an overview of synthetic methods that elaborate existing substitution patterns and those that create new substitution patterns, including those of the former that are favored by medicinal chemists. Finally, we calculated medicinal chemistry properties of benzenoid containing APIs that are often used by practitioners as design elements, including "druglikeness", shape, complexity, and similarity/diversity and discuss these properties in the context of synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Nilova
- Department of Chemistry, Portland State University, Portland, Oregon 97201, United States
| | - Louis-Charles Campeau
- Process Research and Development, MRL, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Edward C Sherer
- Process Research and Development, MRL, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - David R Stuart
- Department of Chemistry, Portland State University, Portland, Oregon 97201, United States
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9
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Fairley M, Bole LJ, Mulks FF, Main L, Kennedy AR, O'Hara CT, García-Alvarez J, Hevia E. Ultrafast amidation of esters using lithium amides under aerobic ambient temperature conditions in sustainable solvents. Chem Sci 2020; 11:6500-6509. [PMID: 32874519 PMCID: PMC7441706 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc01349h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Using 2-methyl THF as solvent enables efficient and ultrafast amidation of esters by lithium amides at room temperature in air, edging closer towards reaching air- and moisture-compatible polar organometallic chemistry.
Lithium amides constitute one of the most commonly used classes of reagents in synthetic chemistry. However, despite having many applications, their use is handicapped by the requirement of low temperatures, in order to control their reactivity, as well as the need for dry organic solvents and protective inert atmosphere protocols to prevent their fast decomposition. Advancing the development of air- and moisture-compatible polar organometallic chemistry, the chemoselective and ultrafast amidation of esters mediated by lithium amides is reported. Establishing a novel sustainable access to carboxamides, this has been accomplished via direct C–O bond cleavage of a range of esters using glycerol or 2-MeTHF as a solvent, in air. High yields and good selectivity are observed while operating at ambient temperature, without the need for transition-metal mediation, and the protocol extends to transamidation processes. Pre-coordination of the organic substrate to the reactive lithium amide as a key step in the amidation processes has been assessed, enabling the structural elucidation of the coordination adduct [{Li(NPh2)(O
Created by potrace 1.16, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2019
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CPh(NMe2))}2] (8) when toluene is employed as a solvent. No evidence for formation of a complex of this type has been found when using donor THF as a solvent. Structural and spectroscopic insights into the constitution of selected lithium amides in 2-MeTHF are provided that support the involvement of small kinetically activated aggregates that can react rapidly with the organic substrates, favouring the C–O bond cleavage/C–N bond formation processes over competing hydrolysis/degradation of the lithium amides by moisture or air.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Fairley
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry , University of Strathclyde Glasgow , G1 1XL , UK
| | - Leonie J Bole
- Department für Chemie und Biochemie , Universität Bern , CH3012 , Bern , Switzerland .
| | - Florian F Mulks
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry , University of Strathclyde Glasgow , G1 1XL , UK.,Department für Chemie und Biochemie , Universität Bern , CH3012 , Bern , Switzerland .
| | - Laura Main
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry , University of Strathclyde Glasgow , G1 1XL , UK
| | - Alan R Kennedy
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry , University of Strathclyde Glasgow , G1 1XL , UK
| | - Charles T O'Hara
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry , University of Strathclyde Glasgow , G1 1XL , UK
| | - Joaquín García-Alvarez
- Laboratorio de Compuestos Organometálicos y Catálisis (Unidad Asociada al CSIC) , Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA) , Departamento de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica (IUQOEM) , Facultad de Química , Universidad de Oviedo , E-33071 , Oviedo , Spain
| | - Eva Hevia
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry , University of Strathclyde Glasgow , G1 1XL , UK.,Department für Chemie und Biochemie , Universität Bern , CH3012 , Bern , Switzerland .
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Akimoto G, Otsuka M, Takita R, Uchiyama M, Hedidi M, Bentabed-Ababsa G, Lassagne F, Erb W, Mongin F. Deprotonative Metalation of Methoxy-Substituted Arenes Using Lithium 2,2,6,6-Tetramethylpiperidide: Experimental and Computational Study. J Org Chem 2018; 83:13498-13506. [PMID: 30345758 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b02397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The reaction pathways of lithium 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidide (LiTMP)-mediated deprotonative metalation of methoxy-substituted arenes were investigated. Importantly, it was experimentally observed that, whereas TMEDA has no effect on the course of the reactions, the presence of more than the stoichiometric amount of LiCl is deleterious, in particular without an in situ trap. These effects were corroborated by the DFT calculations. The reaction mechanisms, such as the structure of the active species in the deprotonation event, the reaction pathways by each postulated LiTMP complex, the stabilization effects by in situ trapping using zinc species, and some kinetic interpretation, are discussed herein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaku Akimoto
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , The University of Tokyo , 7-3-1 Hongo , Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033 , Japan.,Advanced Elements Chemistry Research Team, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, and Elements Chemistry Laboratory , RIKEN , 2-1 Hirosawa , Wako-shi, Saitama 351-0198 , Japan
| | - Mai Otsuka
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , The University of Tokyo , 7-3-1 Hongo , Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033 , Japan.,Advanced Elements Chemistry Research Team, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, and Elements Chemistry Laboratory , RIKEN , 2-1 Hirosawa , Wako-shi, Saitama 351-0198 , Japan
| | - Ryo Takita
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , The University of Tokyo , 7-3-1 Hongo , Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033 , Japan.,Advanced Elements Chemistry Research Team, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, and Elements Chemistry Laboratory , RIKEN , 2-1 Hirosawa , Wako-shi, Saitama 351-0198 , Japan
| | - Masanobu Uchiyama
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , The University of Tokyo , 7-3-1 Hongo , Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033 , Japan.,Advanced Elements Chemistry Research Team, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, and Elements Chemistry Laboratory , RIKEN , 2-1 Hirosawa , Wako-shi, Saitama 351-0198 , Japan
| | - Madani Hedidi
- Univ Rennes, CNRS , ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes) - UMR 6226, F-35000 Rennes , France.,Laboratoire de Synthèse Organique Appliquée, Faculté des Sciences Exactes et Appliquées , Université Oran 1 Ahmed Ben Bella , BP 1524 El M'Naouer, 31000 Oran , Algeria
| | - Ghenia Bentabed-Ababsa
- Laboratoire de Synthèse Organique Appliquée, Faculté des Sciences Exactes et Appliquées , Université Oran 1 Ahmed Ben Bella , BP 1524 El M'Naouer, 31000 Oran , Algeria
| | - Frédéric Lassagne
- Univ Rennes, CNRS , ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes) - UMR 6226, F-35000 Rennes , France
| | - William Erb
- Univ Rennes, CNRS , ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes) - UMR 6226, F-35000 Rennes , France
| | - Florence Mongin
- Univ Rennes, CNRS , ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes) - UMR 6226, F-35000 Rennes , France
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