1
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Confer MP, Dixon DA. Acid Gas Capture by Nitrogen Heterocycle Ring Expansion. J Phys Chem A 2023; 127:10171-10183. [PMID: 37991507 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.3c06094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
Acid gases including CO2, OCS, CS2, and SO2 are emitted by industrial processes such as natural gas production or power plants, leading to the formation of acid rain and contributing to global warming as greenhouse gases. An important technological challenge is to capture acid gases and transform them into useful products. The capture of CO2, CS2, SO2, and OCS by ring expansion of saturated and unsaturated substituted nitrogen-strained ring heterocycles was computationally investigated at the G3(MP2) level. The effects of fluorine, methyl, and phenyl substituents on N and/or C were explored. The reactions for the capture CO2, CS2, SO2, and OCS by 3- and 4-membered N-heterocycles are exothermic, whereas ring expansion reactions with 5-membered rings are thermodynamically unfavorable. Incorporation of an OCS into the ring leads to the amide product being thermodynamically favored over the thioamide. CS2 and OCS capture reactions are more exothermic and exergonic than the corresponding CO2 and SO2 capture reactions due to bond dissociation enthalpy differences. Selected reaction energy barriers were calculated and correlated with the reaction thermodynamics for a given acid gas. The barriers are highest for CO2 and OCS and lowest for CS2 and SO2. The ability of a ring to participate in acid gas capture via ring expansion is correlated to ring strain energy but is not wholly dependent upon it. The expanded N-heterocycles produced by acid gas capture should be polymerizable, allowing for upcycling of these materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew P Confer
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487, United States
| | - David A Dixon
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487, United States
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2
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Chen Q, Ye J, Zhu L, Luo J, Cao X, Zhang Z. Organocatalytic multicomponent polymerization of bis(aziridine)s, diols, and tosyl isocyanate toward poly(sulfonamide urethane)s. Eur Polym J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2022.111585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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3
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Zhang YY, Yang GW, Xie R, Zhu XF, Wu GP. Sequence-Reversible Construction of Oxygen-Rich Block Copolymers from Epoxide Mixtures by Organoboron Catalysts. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:19896-19909. [PMID: 36256447 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c07857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Switchable catalysis, in combination with epoxide-involved ring-opening (co)polymerization, is a powerful technique that can be used to synthesize various oxygen-rich block copolymers. Despite intense research in this field, the sequence-controlled polymerization from epoxide congeners has never been realized due to their similar ring-strain which exerts a decisive influence on the reaction process. Recently, quaternary ammonium (or phosphonium)-containing bifunctional organoboron catalysts have been developed by our group, showing high efficiency for various epoxide conversions. Herein, we, for the first time, report an operationally simple pathway to access well-defined polyether-block-polycarbonate copolymers from mixtures of epoxides by switchable catalysis, which was enabled through thermodynamically and kinetically preferential ring-opening of terminal epoxides or internal epoxides under different atmospheres (CO2 or N2) using one representative bifunctional organoboron catalyst. This strategy shows a broad substrate scope as it is suitable for various combinations of terminal epoxides and internal epoxides, delivering corresponding well-defined block copolymers. NMR, MALDI-TOF, and gel permeation chromatography analyses confirmed the successful construction of polyether-block-polycarbonate copolymers. Kinetic studies and density functional theory calculations elucidate the reversible selectivity between different epoxides in the presence/absence of CO2. Moreover, by replacing comonomer CO2 with cyclic anhydride, the well-defined polyether-block-polyester copolymers can also be synthesized. This work provides a rare example of sequence-controlled polymerization from epoxide mixtures, broadening the arsenal of switchable catalysis that can produce oxygen-rich polymers in a controlled manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao-Yao Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Guan-Wen Yang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Rui Xie
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Xiao-Feng Zhu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Guang-Peng Wu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
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4
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The Anionic Polymerization of a tert-Butyl-Carboxylate-Activated Aziridine. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14163253. [PMID: 36015510 PMCID: PMC9416489 DOI: 10.3390/polym14163253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
N-Sulfonyl-activated aziridines are known to undergo anionic-ring-opening polymerizations (AROP) to form polysulfonyllaziridines. However, the post-polymerization deprotection of the sulfonyl groups from polysulfonyllaziridines remains challenging. In this report, the polymerization of tert-butyl aziridine-1-carboxylate (BocAz) is reported. BocAz has an electron-withdrawing tert-butyloxycarbonyl (BOC) group on the aziridine nitrogen. The BOC group activates the aziridine for AROP and allows the synthesis of low-molecular-weight poly(BocAz) chains. A 13C NMR spectroscopic analysis of poly(BocAz) suggested that the polymer is linear. The attainable molecular weight of poly(BocAz) is limited by the poor solubility of poly(BocAz) in AROP-compatible solvents. The deprotection of poly(BocAz) using trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) cleanly produces linear polyethyleneimine. Overall, these results suggest that carbonyl groups, such as BOC, can play a larger role in the in the activation of aziridines in anionic polymerization and in the synthesis of polyimines.
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5
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Giri C, Sisk SE, Reisman L, Kammakakam I, Bara JE, West KN, Rabideau BD, Rupar PA. Anionic Ring-Opening Polymerizations of N-Sulfonylaziridines in Ionic Liquids. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c01885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chandan Giri
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487-0336, United States
| | - Sarah E. Sisk
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487-0336, United States
| | - Louis Reisman
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487-0336, United States
| | - Irshad Kammakakam
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487-0336, United States
| | - Jason E. Bara
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487-0336, United States
| | - Kevin N. West
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, The University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama 36688, United States
| | - Brooks D. Rabideau
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, The University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama 36688, United States
| | - Paul A. Rupar
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487-0336, United States
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6
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Chen S, Zhu L, Zhang Z. Catalyst-free aziridine-based step-growth polymerization: a facile approach to optically active poly(sulfonamide amine)s and poly(sulfonamide dithiocarbamate)s. Polym Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2py00771a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Step-growth polymerization of chiral bis(N-sulfonyl aziridine)s with diamines or bis(dialkyldithiocarbamate) in the absence of a catalyst allows the facile synthesis of optically active polysulfonamide derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shibin Chen
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Linlin Zhu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Processing Engineering (South China University of Technology), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou 510641, P. R. China
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7
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Chen R, Wang Y, Zhu L, Zhang Z. Ultrafast organocatalytic
ring‐opening
polymerization of
N
‐sulfonyl
aziridine in the melt. JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/pol.20210484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rui Chen
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry Guangdong University of Technology Guangzhou China
| | - Ying Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry Guangdong University of Technology Guangzhou China
| | - Linlin Zhu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry Guangdong University of Technology Guangzhou China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry Guangdong University of Technology Guangzhou China
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Processing Engineering (South China University of Technology) Ministry of Education Guangzhou China
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8
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Mughal H, Szostak M. Recent advances in the synthesis and reactivity of azetidines: strain-driven character of the four-membered heterocycle. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:3274-3286. [PMID: 33899862 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob00061f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Azetidines represent one of the most important four-membered heterocycles used in organic synthesis and medicinal chemistry. The reactivity of azetidines is driven by a considerable ring strain, while at the same the ring is significantly more stable than that of related aziridines, which translates into both facile handling and unique reactivity that can be triggered under appropriate reaction conditions. Recently, remarkable advances in the chemistry and reactivity of azetidines have been reported. In this review, we provide an overview of the synthesis, reactivity and application of azetidines that have been published in the last years with a focus on the most recent advances, trends and future directions. The review is organized by the methods of synthesis of azetidines and the reaction type used for functionalization of azetidines. Finally, recent examples of using azetidines as motifs in drug discovery, polymerization and chiral templates are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haseeb Mughal
- Department of Chemistry, Rutgers University, 73 Warren Street, Newark, NJ 07102, USA.
| | - Michal Szostak
- Department of Chemistry, Rutgers University, 73 Warren Street, Newark, NJ 07102, USA.
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9
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Concurrent ring-opening and atom transfer radical polymerization for synthesis of block copolymers, and their comprehensive chromatographic characterization. Eur Polym J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2020.110161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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10
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Huang H, Luo W, Zhu L, Wang Y, Zhang Z. Organocatalytic sequential ring-opening polymerization of cyclic ester/epoxide and N-sulfonyl aziridine: metal-free and easy access to block copolymers. Polym Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1py00890k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Sequential ring-opening polymerization of ε-caprolactone (ε-CL)/propylene oxide (PO) and N-sulfonyl aziridine switched by tosyl isocyanate (TSI) allows the metal-free synthesis of polysulfonamide-based copolymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huishan Huang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Wenyi Luo
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Linlin Zhu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Ying Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Processing Engineering (South China University of Technology), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou 510641, P. R. China
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11
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Zhou L, Wang Z, Xu G, Yang R, Yan H, Hao XQ, Wang Q. N-heterocyclic olefins catalyzed ring-opening polymerization of N-tosyl aziridines. Eur Polym J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2020.110046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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12
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Tetrabutylammonium fluoride initiated anionic ring-opening polymerizations of N–sulfonyl aziridines. Eur Polym J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2020.109999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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13
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Luo W, Wang Y, Jin Y, Zhang Z, Wu C. One‐pot
tandem
ring‐opening
polymerization of
N
‐sulfonyl
aziridines and “click” chemistry to produce
well‐defined star‐shaped
polyaziridines. JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/pol.20200154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenyi Luo
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light IndustryGuangdong University of Technology Guangzhou China
| | - Ying Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light IndustryGuangdong University of Technology Guangzhou China
| | - Yaocheng Jin
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light IndustryGuangdong University of Technology Guangzhou China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light IndustryGuangdong University of Technology Guangzhou China
| | - Chuande Wu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light IndustryGuangdong University of Technology Guangzhou China
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, Department of ChemistryZhejiang University Hangzhou China
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14
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Reisman L, Rowe EA, Jefcoat JA, Rupar PA. Activated Monomer Polymerization of an N-Sulfonylazetidine. ACS Macro Lett 2020; 9:334-338. [PMID: 35648542 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.0c00019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Previously, N-(methanesulfonyl)azetidine (MsAzet) was found to polymerize anionically via ring-opening at temperatures >100 °C to form p(MsAzet) in the presence of an anionic initiator. In the current report, potassium(azetidin-1-ylsulfonyl) methanide (KMsAzet), formed from deprotonation of the methanesulfonyl group of MsAzet by KHMDS, is shown to undergo spontaneous AROP at room temperature to form p(N-K-MsAzet). The structure of p(N-K-MsAzet) differs from that of p(MsAzet), as the sulfonyl groups are incorporated into the polymer backbone of p(N-K-MsAzet). Reaction of p(N-K-MsAzet) with MeOH produces p(N-H-MsAzet), a semicrystalline polymer with a structure like that of polyamides, but with sulfonylamides in place of the carboxamides found in polyamides. Reaction of p(N-K-MsAzet) with benzyl bromide results in the formation of amorphous p(N-Bn-MsAzet). P(N-K-MsAzet) is hypothesized to form via an activated monomer anionic polymerization; this is supported by polymerization kinetic data and structural characterization of the resulting polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louis Reisman
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487-0336, United States
| | - Elizabeth A. Rowe
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487-0336, United States
| | - Jennifer A. Jefcoat
- U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center (ERDC), 3909 Halls Ferry Road, Vicksburg, Mississippi 39180, United States
| | - Paul A. Rupar
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487-0336, United States
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15
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Gleede T, Yu F, Luo YL, Yuan Y, Wang J, Wurm FR. Linear Well-Defined Polyamines via Anionic Ring-Opening Polymerization of Activated Aziridines: From Mild Desulfonylation to Cell Transfection. ACS Macro Lett 2020; 9:20-25. [PMID: 35638659 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.9b00792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Linear polyethylenimine (L-PEI), a standard for nonviral gene delivery, is usually prepared by hydrolysis from poly(2-oxazoline)s. Lately, anionic polymerization of sulfonamide-activated aziridines had been reported as an alternative pathway toward well-defined L-PEI and linear polyamines. However, desulfonylation of the poly(sulfonyl aziridine)s typically relied on harsh conditions (acid, microwave) or used a toxic solvent (e.g., hexamethylphosphoramide). In addition, the drastic change of polarity requires solvents, which keep poly(sulfonyl aziridine)s as well as L-PEI in solution, and only a limited number of strategies were reported. Herein, we prepared 1-(4-cyanobenzenesulfonyl) 2-methyl-aziridine (1) as a monomer for the anionic ring-opening polymerization. It was polymerized to well-defined and linear poly(sulfonyl aziridine)s. The 4-cyanobenzenesulfonyl-activating groups were removed under mild conditions to linear polypropylenimine (L-PPI). Using dodecanethiol and diazabicyclo-undecene (DBU) allowed ≥98% desulfonylation and a reliable purification toward polyamines with high purity and avoiding main-chain scission. This method represents a fast approach in comparison to previous methods used for postpolymerization desulfonylation and produces linear well-defined polyamines. The high control over molecular weight and dispersities achieved by living anionic polymerization are the key advantages of our strategy, especially if used for biomedical applications, in which molecular weight might correlate with toxicity. The synthesized polypropylenimine was further tested as a cell-transfection agent and proved, with 16.1% transfection efficiency of the cationic nanoparticles, to be an alternative to L-PEI obtained from the 2-oxazoline route. This general strategy will allow the preparation of complex macromolecular architectures containing polyamine segments, which were not accessible before.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tassilo Gleede
- Max-Planck-Institut für Polymerforschung (MPI-P), Ackermannweg 10, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Fangzhou Yu
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying-Li Luo
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Youyong Yuan
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun Wang
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Frederik R. Wurm
- Max-Planck-Institut für Polymerforschung (MPI-P), Ackermannweg 10, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
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16
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Yang R, Wang Y, Luo W, Jin Y, Zhang Z, Wu C, Hadjichristidis N. Carboxylic Acid Initiated Organocatalytic Ring-Opening Polymerization of N-Sulfonyl Aziridines: An Easy Access to Well-Controlled Polyaziridine-Based Architectural and Functionalized Polymers. Macromolecules 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b01716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ruhan Yang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Ying Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Wenyi Luo
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Yaocheng Jin
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Chuande Wu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China
| | - Nikos Hadjichristidis
- Physical Sciences and Engineering Division, KAUST Catalysis Center, Polymer Synthesis Laboratory, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955, Saudi Arabia
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17
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Affiliation(s)
- Dylan J. Walsh
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Michael G. Hyatt
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Susannah A. Miller
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Damien Guironnet
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
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18
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Rowe EA, Reisman L, Jefcoat JA, Rupar PA. Comparison of the Anionic Ring-Opening Polymerizations of N-(Alkylsulfonyl)azetidines. Macromolecules 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b01436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth A. Rowe
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487-0336, United States
| | - Louis Reisman
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487-0336, United States
| | - Jennifer A. Jefcoat
- U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center (ERDC), 3909 Halls Ferry Road Vicksburg, Mississippi 39180, United States
| | - Paul A. Rupar
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487-0336, United States
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19
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Huang H, Wang W, Zhou Z, Sun B, An M, Haeffner F, Niu J. Radical Ring-Closing/Ring-Opening Cascade Polymerization. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:12493-12497. [PMID: 31357865 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b05568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
A novel strategy for the synthesis of main-chain polymers through radical ring-closing/ring-opening cascade polymerization is reported. Efficient radical cyclopolymerization was achieved through systematic optimization of the electronic properties of 1,6-diene structures. Fusing 1,6-diene with allylic sulfide or allylic sulfone motifs enabled a ring-closing/ring-opening cascade reaction that provides a strong driving force for the ring-opening polymerization of large macrocyclic monomers. The ability of 1,6-diene-fused allylic sulfone to undergo efficient SO2 extrusion generated a propagating alkyl radical capable of reversible deactivation. This strategy provides a general platform for the synthesis of polymers incorporating complex main-chain structures and degradable functionalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanchu Huang
- Department of Chemistry , Boston College , Chestnut Hill , Massachusetts 02467 , United States
| | - Wenqi Wang
- Department of Chemistry , Boston College , Chestnut Hill , Massachusetts 02467 , United States
| | - Zefeng Zhou
- Department of Chemistry , Boston College , Chestnut Hill , Massachusetts 02467 , United States
| | - Bohan Sun
- Department of Chemistry , Boston College , Chestnut Hill , Massachusetts 02467 , United States
| | - Meirui An
- Department of Chemistry , Boston College , Chestnut Hill , Massachusetts 02467 , United States
| | - Fredrik Haeffner
- Department of Chemistry , Boston College , Chestnut Hill , Massachusetts 02467 , United States
| | - Jia Niu
- Department of Chemistry , Boston College , Chestnut Hill , Massachusetts 02467 , United States
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20
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Wang Y, Yang R, Luo W, Li Z, Zhang Z, Wu C, Hadjichristidis N. 2-Azaallyl Anion Initiated Ring-Opening Polymerization of N-Sulfonyl Aziridines: One-Pot Synthesis of Primary Amine-Ended Telechelic Polyaziridines. Macromolecules 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b00639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Ruhan Yang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Wenyi Luo
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Zhunxuan Li
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Chuande Wu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China
| | - Nikos Hadjichristidis
- Physical Sciences and Engineering Division, KAUST Catalysis Center, Polymer Synthesis Laboratory, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955, Saudi Arabia
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21
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Zhang CJ, Zhu TC, Cao XH, Hong X, Zhang XH. Poly(thioether)s from Closed-System One-Pot Reaction of Carbonyl Sulfide and Epoxides by Organic Bases. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:5490-5496. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b00544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Jian Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Tian-Cheng Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Xiao-Han Cao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Xin Hong
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Xing-Hong Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
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22
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Gleede T, Reisman L, Rieger E, Mbarushimana PC, Rupar PA, Wurm FR. Aziridines and azetidines: building blocks for polyamines by anionic and cationic ring-opening polymerization. Polym Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9py00278b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of aziridine and azetidine monomers and their ring-opening polymerization via different mechanisms is reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tassilo Gleede
- Max-Planck-Institut für Polymerforschung
- 55128 Mainz
- Germany
| | - Louis Reisman
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- The University of Alabama
- Tuscaloosa
- USA
| | | | | | - Paul A. Rupar
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- The University of Alabama
- Tuscaloosa
- USA
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