1
|
The effect of willow fodder feeding on immune cell populations in the blood and milk of late-lactating dairy goats. Animal 2020; 14:2511-2522. [PMID: 32638681 PMCID: PMC7645313 DOI: 10.1017/s1751731120001494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
In a previous study, we showed that access to willow fodder decreased somatic cell counts (SCC) in the milk of local Mamber goats grazing in brushland at the end of lactation. To test whether the consumption of willow affects the cells of the immune system, Alpine crossbred dairy goats grazing in the same environment were either offered free access to freshly cut willow fodder (W, n = 24) or not (C, n = 24) for 2 weeks. The willow fodder contained 7.5 g/kg DM of salicin. The other major secondary compounds were catechin, myricitrin, hyperin and chlorogenic acid (2.2, 2.6, 1.0 and 0.75 g/kg DM, respectively). Udder health status was determined before the experiment, and each of the two groups included five (W) or six (C) goats defined as infected, as established by microbial cfu in milk, and 19 (W) or 18 (C) non-infected goats. Goats ingested, on average, 600 g of DM from willow (25% of food intake), resulting in minor changes in dietary quality compared to the controls, as established by faecal near-IR spectrometry. Throughout the 2 weeks of experiment, differences between groups in dietary CP contents were minor and affected neither by infection nor by access to willow; the dietary percentage of neutral detergent fibre (NDF) decreased in C and increased in W; dietary acid detergent fibre (ADF) increased; and the dietary tannin contents decreased for both treatments. However, milking performance and milk quality attributes in both W and C goats were similar. Initial SCC and milk neutrophil (cluster of differentiation (CD)18+ and porcine granulocyte (PG)68) cell counts were higher in infected than in non-infected goats; counts decreased significantly in W but not in C uninfected goats. The percentage of CD8+ T-cells increased in all C goats, while in the W group, a significant increase was found only for infected goats. The consumption of willow mitigated an increase in CD8+ in blood and triggered an increase in CD8+ in milk, suggesting an immune-regulatory effect independent of udder status. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a direct nutraceutical effect of fodder ingestion on the immune status of goats.
Collapse
|
2
|
Navon S, Kigel J, Dudai N, Knaanie A, Glasser TA, Shachter A, Ungar ED. Volatiles and Tannins in Pistacia lentiscus and Their Role in Browsing Behavior of Goats (Capra hircus). J Chem Ecol 2019; 46:99-113. [PMID: 31845136 DOI: 10.1007/s10886-019-01124-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Revised: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Goat herding is an important tool in the ecologically sound management of Mediterranean shrublands and woodlands, although effective levels of woody biomass removal by the goats is neither guaranteed nor easy to predict. Preliminary observations indicated that one reason for this may be poor understanding of plant-herbivore interactions that operate intraspecifically at the local spatial scale. We asked, whether goats show intraspecific preferences among neighboring plants when foraging a small local population of Pistacia lentiscus, a dominant tall shrub. First, we characterized and quantified the profile of stored and emitted volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and the PEG-binding capacity of tannins (a proxy for protein binding capacity) in the foliage of P. lentiscus shrubs, sampled within an area of 0.9 ha. We then tested goat preference between pairs of these shrubs that differed in chemical composition. Almost all sampled P. lentiscus shrubs were allocated to one of two distinct VOC chemotypes: one dominated by germacrene D and limonene (designated chemotype L) and the other by germacrene D and α-pinene (chemotype P). In contrast, continuous moderate variability was found in the binding capacity of tannins in the foliage. Goats showed preference for shrubs of chemotype L over those of chemotype P, and their preference was negatively correlated with the binding capacity of tannins. Possible influences of VOCs on goat preference that may explain the observed patterns are discussed in the light of possible context-dependent interpretation of plant VOC signals by large mammalian herbivores.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shilo Navon
- Department of Natural Resources, Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization - The Volcani Center, P.O. Box 6, 50250, Bet Dagan, Israel.
- Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 76100, Rehovot, Israel.
| | - Jaime Kigel
- Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 76100, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Nativ Dudai
- Unit of Aromatic and Medicinal plants, Newe Ya'ar Research Center, Agricultural Research Organization, 3009500, Ramat-Yishay, Israel
| | | | | | - Alona Shachter
- Unit of Aromatic and Medicinal plants, Newe Ya'ar Research Center, Agricultural Research Organization, 3009500, Ramat-Yishay, Israel
| | - Eugene David Ungar
- Department of Natural Resources, Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization - The Volcani Center, P.O. Box 6, 50250, Bet Dagan, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Sheffer E, Canham CD, Kigel J, Perevolotsky A. Countervailing effects on pine and oak leaf litter decomposition in human-altered Mediterranean ecosystems. Oecologia 2015; 177:1039-51. [DOI: 10.1007/s00442-015-3228-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2013] [Accepted: 01/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
4
|
Traditional Uses of Pistacia lentiscus in Veterinary and Human Medicine. MEDICINAL AND AROMATIC PLANTS OF THE WORLD 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-9276-9_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
|
5
|
Amit M, Cohen I, Marcovics A, Muklada H, Glasser T, Ungar E, Landau S. Self-medication with tannin-rich browse in goats infected with gastro-intestinal nematodes. Vet Parasitol 2013; 198:305-11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2013.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2013] [Revised: 09/13/2013] [Accepted: 09/16/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
6
|
Polyphenols from Pistacia lentiscus and Phillyrea latifolia impair the exsheathment of gastro-intestinal nematode larvae. Vet Parasitol 2013; 191:44-50. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2012.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2012] [Revised: 08/15/2012] [Accepted: 08/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
7
|
Markovics A, Cohen I, Muklada H, Glasser T, Dvash L, Ungar E, Azaizeh H, Landau S. Consumption of Pistacia lentiscus foliage alleviates coccidiosis in young goats. Vet Parasitol 2012; 186:165-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2011.11.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2011] [Revised: 11/27/2011] [Accepted: 11/29/2011] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
|
8
|
|
9
|
Nondestructive determination of tannin content in intact individual acorns by near-infrared spectroscopy. Ecol Res 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s11284-011-0823-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
10
|
Landau S, Azaizeh H, Muklada H, Glasser T, Ungar E, Baram H, Abbas N, Markovics A. Anthelmintic activity of Pistacia lentiscus foliage in two Middle Eastern breeds of goats differing in their propensity to consume tannin-rich browse. Vet Parasitol 2010; 173:280-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2010.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2010] [Revised: 07/08/2010] [Accepted: 07/15/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
11
|
Hanovice-Ziony M, Gollop N, Landau SY, Ungar ED, Muklada H, Glasser TA, Perevolotsky A, Walker JW. No Major Role for Binding by Salivary Proteins as a Defense Against Dietary Tannins in Mediterranean Goats. J Chem Ecol 2010; 36:736-43. [DOI: 10.1007/s10886-010-9809-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2010] [Revised: 05/13/2010] [Accepted: 05/31/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
12
|
DeGabriel JL, Moore BD, Marsh KJ, Foley WJ. The effect of plant secondary metabolites on the interplay between the internal and external environments of marsupial folivores. CHEMOECOLOGY 2009. [DOI: 10.1007/s00049-009-0037-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
|
13
|
Cozzolino D, Cynkar WU, Dambergs RG, Mercurio MD, Smith PA. Measurement of condensed tannins and dry matter in red grape homogenates using near infrared spectroscopy and partial least squares. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2008; 56:7631-6. [PMID: 18707119 DOI: 10.1021/jf801563z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Samples (n = 620) of homogenized red grape berries were analyzed using a visible and near-infrared (NIR) spectrophotometer (400-2500 nm) in reflectance. The spectra and the analytical data were used to develop partial least-squares calibrations to predict dry matter (DM) content and condensed tannins (CT) concentrations. The coefficient of determination in cross-validation and the standard error of cross-validation were 0.92 and 0.83% w/w for DM and 0.86 and 0.46 mg/g epicatechin equivalents for CT, respectively. The standard error in prediction was 1.34% w/w for DM and 0.89 mg/g epicatechin equivalents for CT, respectively. By implementing a NIR spectroscopy method to measure DM and CT in red grape homogenates, we have developed an approach that is suited to large-scale compositional analysis in commercial wine production facilities, as it enables the analysis of large numbers of samples needed to stream batches of fruit. From an economical point of view, the calibration models could be achieved with relatively small data sets. Thus, NIR offers a suitable and efficient tool for the simultaneous measurement of DM and CT in addition to other important parameters in red grape homogenates such as total anthocyanins, total soluble solids, and pH, with minimal sample preparation and low cost.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Cozzolino
- The Australian Wine Research Institute, Waite Road, Urrbrae, P. O. Box 197, Adelaide, SA 5064 Australia.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Glasser T, Landau S, Ungar ED, Perevolotsky A, Dvash L, Muklada H, Kababya D, Walker JW. A fecal near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy-aided methodology to determine goat dietary composition in a Mediterranean shrubland1. J Anim Sci 2008; 86:1345-56. [DOI: 10.2527/jas.2006-817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
|
15
|
Degabriel JL, Wallis IR, Moore BD, Foley WJ. A simple, integrative assay to quantify nutritional quality of browses for herbivores. Oecologia 2008; 156:107-16. [PMID: 18288495 DOI: 10.1007/s00442-008-0960-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2007] [Accepted: 12/19/2007] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jane L Degabriel
- School of Botany and Zoology, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Weinberg Z, Bar-Tal A, Chen Y, Gamburg M, Brener S, Dvash L, Markovitz T, Landau S. The effects of irrigation and nitrogen fertilization on the ensiling of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius). Anim Feed Sci Technol 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2006.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
|
17
|
Monitoring nutrition in small ruminants with the aid of near infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) technology: A review. Small Rumin Res 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2004.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|