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Shanley HT, Taki AC, Byrne JJ, Nguyen N, Wells TNC, Jabbar A, Sleebs BE, Gasser RB. A phenotypic screen of the Global Health Priority Box identifies an insecticide with anthelmintic activity. Parasit Vectors 2024; 17:131. [PMID: 38486232 PMCID: PMC10938758 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-024-06183-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Infection with parasitic nematodes (helminths), particularly those of the order Strongylida (such as Haemonchus contortus), can cause significant and burdensome diseases in humans and animals. Widespread drug (anthelmintic) resistance in livestock parasites, the absence of vaccines against most of these nematodes, and a lack of new and effective chemical entities on the commercial market demands the discovery of new anthelmintics. In the present study, we searched the Global Health Priority Box (Medicines for Malaria Venture) for new candidates for anthelmintic development. METHODS We employed a whole-organism, motility-based phenotypic screening assay to identify compounds from the Global Health Priority Box with activity against larvae of the model parasite H. contortus, and the free-living comparator nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. Hit compounds were further validated via dose-response assays, with lead candidates then assessed for nematocidal activity against H. contortus adult worms, and additionally, for cytotoxic and mitotoxic effects on human hepatoma (HepG2) cells. RESULTS The primary screen against H. contortus and C. elegans revealed or reidentified 16 hit compounds; further validation established MMV1794206, otherwise known as 'flufenerim', as a significant inhibitor of H. contortus larval motility (half-maximal inhibitory concentration [IC50] = 18 μM) and development (IC50 = 1.2 μM), H. contortus adult female motility (100% after 12 h of incubation) and C. elegans larval motility (IC50 = 0.22 μM). Further testing on a mammalian cell line (human hepatoma HepG2 cells), however, identified flufenerim to be both cytotoxic (half-maximal cytotoxic concentration [CC50] < 0.7 μM) and mitotoxic (half-maximal mitotoxic concentration [MC50] < 0.7 μM). CONCLUSIONS The in vitro efficacy of MMV1794206 against the most pathogenic stages of H. contortus, as well as the free-living C. elegans, suggests the potential for development as a broad-spectrum anthelmintic compound; however, the high toxicity towards mammalian cells presents a significant hindrance. Further work should seek to establish the protein-drug interactions of MMV1794206 in a nematode model, to unravel the mechanism of action, in addition to an advanced structure-activity relationship investigation to optimise anthelmintic activity and eliminate mammalian cell toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harrison T Shanley
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, Melbourne Veterinary School, Faculty of Science, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Aya C Taki
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, Melbourne Veterinary School, Faculty of Science, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Joseph J Byrne
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, Melbourne Veterinary School, Faculty of Science, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Nghi Nguyen
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
| | - Tim N C Wells
- Medicines for Malaria Venture (MMV), 1215, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Abdul Jabbar
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, Melbourne Veterinary School, Faculty of Science, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Brad E Sleebs
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, Melbourne Veterinary School, Faculty of Science, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia.
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia.
| | - Robin B Gasser
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, Melbourne Veterinary School, Faculty of Science, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia.
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Liu XH, Wen YH, Cheng L, Xu TM, Wu NJ. Design, Synthesis, and Pesticidal Activities of Pyrimidin-4-amine Derivatives Bearing a 5-(Trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazole Moiety. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:6968-6980. [PMID: 34137594 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c00236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
It is important to discover new pesticides with new modes of action because of the increasing evolution of pesticide resistance. In this study, a series of novel pyrimidin-4-amine derivatives containing a 5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazole moiety were designed and synthesized. Their structures were confirmed by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and HRMS. Bioassays indicated that the 29 compounds synthesized possessed excellent insecticidal activity against Mythimna separata, Aphis medicagini, and Tetranychus cinnabarinus and fungicidal activity against Pseudoperonospora cubensis. Among these pyrimidin-4-amine compounds, 5-chloro-N-(2-fluoro-4-(5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl)benzyl)-6-(1-fluoroethyl)pyrimidin-4-amine (U7) and 5-bromo-N-(2-fluoro-4-(5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl)benzyl)-6-(1-fluoroethyl) pyrimidin-4-amine(U8) had broad-spectrum insecticidal and fungicidal activity. The LC50 values were 3.57 ± 0.42, 4.22 ± 0.47, and 3.14 ± 0.73 mg/L for U7, U8, and flufenerim against M. separata, respectively. The EC50 values were 24.94 ± 2.13, 30.79 ± 2.21, and 3.18 ± 0.21 mg/L for U7, U8, and azoxystrobin against P. cubensis, respectively. The AChE enzymatic activity testing revealed that the enzyme activities of compounds U7, U8, and flufenerim are 0.215, 0.184, and 0.184 U/mg prot, respectively. The molecular docking results of compounds U7, U8, and flufenerim with the AChE model demonstrated the opposite docking mode between compound U7 or U8 and positive control flufenerim in the active site of AChE. The structure-activity relationships are also discussed. This work provided excellent pesticide for further optimization. Density functional theory analysis can potentially be used to design more active compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing-Hai Liu
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Yong-Hui Wen
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
- Zhejiang Base of National Southern Pesticide Research Centre, Zhejiang Research Institute of Chemical Industry, Hangzhou 310023, China
| | - Long Cheng
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
- Zhejiang Base of National Southern Pesticide Research Centre, Zhejiang Research Institute of Chemical Industry, Hangzhou 310023, China
| | - Tian-Ming Xu
- Zhejiang Base of National Southern Pesticide Research Centre, Zhejiang Research Institute of Chemical Industry, Hangzhou 310023, China
| | - Ning-Jie Wu
- Zhejiang Base of National Southern Pesticide Research Centre, Zhejiang Research Institute of Chemical Industry, Hangzhou 310023, China
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Guan A, Liu C, Chen W, Yang F, Xie Y, Zhang J, Li Z, Wang M. Design, Synthesis, and Structure-Activity Relationship of New Pyrimidinamine Derivatives Containing an Aryloxy Pyridine Moiety. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2017; 65:1272-1280. [PMID: 28118711 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.6b05580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The pyrimidinamine diflumetorim is an ideal template for the discovery of agrochemical lead compounds due to its unique mode of action, novel chemical structure, and lack of reported resistance. To develop a new pyrimidinamine fungicide effective against cucumber downy mildew (CDM), a series of new pyrimidinamine derivatives containing an aryloxy pyridine moiety were designed and synthesized by employing the recently reported intermediate derivatization method (IDM). The structures of all compounds were identified by 1H NMR, elemental analyses, HRMS, and X-ray diffraction. Bioassays demonstrated that some of the title compounds exhibited excellent fungicidal activities against CDM. Compound 9 gave the best activity (EC50 = 0.19 mg/L), which is significantly better than the commercial fungicides diflumetorim, flumorph, and cyazofamid. The relationship between structure and fungicidal activity of the synthesized pyrimidinamines was explored. The study showed that compound 9 is a promising fungicide candidate for further development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiying Guan
- Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University , Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of the Discovery and Development of Novel Pesticide, Shenyang Sinochem Agrochemicals R&D Co. Ltd. , Shenyang 110021, People's Republic of China
| | - Changling Liu
- State Key Laboratory of the Discovery and Development of Novel Pesticide, Shenyang Sinochem Agrochemicals R&D Co. Ltd. , Shenyang 110021, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of the Discovery and Development of Novel Pesticide, Shenyang Sinochem Agrochemicals R&D Co. Ltd. , Shenyang 110021, People's Republic of China
| | - Fan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of the Discovery and Development of Novel Pesticide, Shenyang Sinochem Agrochemicals R&D Co. Ltd. , Shenyang 110021, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Xie
- State Key Laboratory of the Discovery and Development of Novel Pesticide, Shenyang Sinochem Agrochemicals R&D Co. Ltd. , Shenyang 110021, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinbo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of the Discovery and Development of Novel Pesticide, Shenyang Sinochem Agrochemicals R&D Co. Ltd. , Shenyang 110021, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhinian Li
- State Key Laboratory of the Discovery and Development of Novel Pesticide, Shenyang Sinochem Agrochemicals R&D Co. Ltd. , Shenyang 110021, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingan Wang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University , Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
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Wu WN, Tai AQ, Chen Q, Ouyang GP. Synthesis and Antiviral Bioactivity of Novel 2-Substituted Methlthio-5-(4-Amino-2-Methylpyrimidin-5-yl)-1,3,4-Thiadiazole Derivatives. J Heterocycl Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.2435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Neng Wu
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Center for Research and Development of Fine Chemicals; Guizhou University; Guiyang 550025 People's Republic of China
| | - An-Qi Tai
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Center for Research and Development of Fine Chemicals; Guizhou University; Guiyang 550025 People's Republic of China
| | - Qin Chen
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Center for Research and Development of Fine Chemicals; Guizhou University; Guiyang 550025 People's Republic of China
| | - Gui-Ping Ouyang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Center for Research and Development of Fine Chemicals; Guizhou University; Guiyang 550025 People's Republic of China
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Li J, Wang ZY, Wu QY, Yang GF. Design, synthesis and insecticidal activity of novel 1,1-dichloropropene derivatives. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2015; 71:694-700. [PMID: 24817508 DOI: 10.1002/ps.3827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2014] [Revised: 04/29/2014] [Accepted: 04/30/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pyridalyl is a highly active insecticide against lepidopterous larvae, with a novel chemical structure not related to any other existing insecticide. To discover new pyridalyl analogues with high activity against resistant pests, a series of 1,1-dichloropropene derivatives bearing structurally diverse substituted heterocycle rings in place of the pyridine ring of pyridalyl were designed and synthesised. RESULTS All of the title compounds were confirmed by (1)H NMR, (13)C NMR and high-resolution mass spectra. Two representative compounds (Ic and IIa) were further characterised by X-ray diffraction analysis. In addition, bioassays showed that most of the newly synthesised compounds displayed good insecticidal activity against Prodenia litura. Further determination of LD50 values and field trials identified compound IIa as the most promising candidate, which produced a much better 14 day control effect against diamondback moths and longer duration of efficacy than pyridalyl, indicating its potential for further development as a new insecticide for the control of lepidopteran insects. CONCLUSION Compound IIa has great potential for further development as a new insecticide for the control of lepidopteran insects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Li
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
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Guan A, Liu C, Yang X, Dekeyser M. Application of the Intermediate Derivatization Approach in Agrochemical Discovery. Chem Rev 2014; 114:7079-107. [DOI: 10.1021/cr4005605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Aiying Guan
- State
Key Laboratory of the Discovery and Development of Novel Pesticide, Shenyang Research Institute of Chemical Industry, Shenyang 110021, China
| | - Changling Liu
- State
Key Laboratory of the Discovery and Development of Novel Pesticide, Shenyang Research Institute of Chemical Industry, Shenyang 110021, China
| | - Xiaoping Yang
- Division
of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Center, Aurora, Colorado 80045, United States
| | - Mark Dekeyser
- Chemtura Canada, Guelph, ON N1H 6N3, Canada (retired)
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Nenajdenko V. Fluorine-Containing Diazines in Medicinal Chemistry and Agrochemistry. FLUORINE IN HETEROCYCLIC CHEMISTRY VOLUME 2 2014. [PMCID: PMC7121506 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-04435-4_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The combination of a fluorine atom and a diazine ring, which both possess unique structural and chemical features, can generate new relevant building blocks for the discovery of efficient fluorinated biologically active agents. Herein we give a comprehensive review on the biological activity and synthesis of fluorine containing, pyrimidine, pyrazine and pyridazine derivatives with relevance to medicinal and agrochemistry.
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Trieu TH, Dong J, Shi XX, Lu X, Zhang Q. Efficient and Benign One-Pot Conversion of N-Tosyl-1,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrimidines to Pyrimidines via Tandem β-Elimination and Aromatization. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/00397911.2013.764433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tien Ha Trieu
- a Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering , School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai , China
| | - Jing Dong
- a Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering , School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai , China
| | - Xiao-Xin Shi
- a Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering , School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai , China
| | - Xia Lu
- a Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering , School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai , China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- a Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering , School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai , China
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