1
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Li W, Shi R, Chen S, Zhang X, Peng W, Chen S, Li J, Xu XM, Zhu YP, Wang X. Synthesis of Diverse Pentasubstituted Pyrroles by a Gold(I)-Catalyzed Cascade Rearrangement-Cyclization of Tertiary Enamide. J Org Chem 2022; 87:3014-3024. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c02837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenzhong Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Ran Shi
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Sen Chen
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Xuesi Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Wei Peng
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Si Chen
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Jiazhu Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Xin-Ming Xu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Yan-Ping Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Xueyuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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2
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Vanga SKR, Bollikolla HB, Peruri VVS. Catalyst‐free facile and efficient one‐pot synthesis of densely functionalized pyrroles and α‐amino ketones. J Heterocycl Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.4227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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3
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Jia H, Min D, Guo T, Wu M, Wang X, Liu J, Tang S. Dithiane-Induced [3+2] Cycloaddition Tactic for the Convergent Synthesis of Dihydropyrrole and Pyrrole Derivatives. J Org Chem 2020; 85:14847-14857. [PMID: 32610903 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c01145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
An efficient transition-metal-free tactic for the convergent synthesis of substituted dihydropyrroles and pyrroles by β-chloro-vinyl dithiane cyclization with a broad range of imines was developed. [3+2] Cyclization and aromatization occur under these reaction conditions providing biologically relevant dihydropyrroles and pyrroles in good yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongbin Jia
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Deng Min
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Tianyun Guo
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Mingzhong Wu
- Sate Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Xiaolei Wang
- Sate Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Jian Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China.,Sate Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Shouchu Tang
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China.,Sate Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
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4
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Asirvatham S, Dhokchawle BV, Tauro SJ. Quantitative structure activity relationships studies of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs: A review. ARAB J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2016.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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5
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Madrigal DA, Escalante CH, Gutiérrez-Rebolledo GA, Cristobal-Luna JM, Gómez-García O, Hernández-Benitez RI, Esquivel-Campos AL, Pérez-Gutiérrez S, Chamorro-Cevallos GA, Delgado F, Tamariz J. Synthesis and highly potent anti-inflammatory activity of licofelone- and ketorolac-based 1-arylpyrrolizin-3-ones. Bioorg Med Chem 2019; 27:115053. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2019.115053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Revised: 08/18/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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6
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Kaloğlu M, Kaloğlu N, Özdemir İ. Direct C-H Bond Arylation of C2-Blocked Pyrrole with Aryl Halides Using Palladium(II)-N
-Heterocyclic Carbene Catalysts. ChemistrySelect 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201801045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Murat Kaloğlu
- Department of Chemistry; İnönü University, Faculty of Science and Arts; 44280 Malatya Turkey
- Catalysis Research and Application Center; İnönü University; 44280 Malatya Turkey
| | - Nazan Kaloğlu
- Department of Chemistry; İnönü University, Faculty of Science and Arts; 44280 Malatya Turkey
- Catalysis Research and Application Center; İnönü University; 44280 Malatya Turkey
| | - İsmail Özdemir
- Department of Chemistry; İnönü University, Faculty of Science and Arts; 44280 Malatya Turkey
- Catalysis Research and Application Center; İnönü University; 44280 Malatya Turkey
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7
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Liu Y, Qian M, Ma X, Zhu L, Martin JW. Nontarget Mass Spectrometry Reveals New Perfluoroalkyl Substances in Fish from the Yangtze River and Tangxun Lake, China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2018; 52:5830-5840. [PMID: 29659273 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.8b00779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Nontarget high-resolution mass spectrometry (Nt-HRMS) has been proven useful for the identification of unknown poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in commercial products and water, but applications to biological samples are limited. China is the major PFAS-manufacturing nation; thus, here, we adapted our Nt-HRMS methods to fish collected from the Yangtze River and Tangxun Lake to discover potentially bioaccumulative PFASs in aquatic organisms destined for human consumption. In addition to traditional PFASs, over 330 other fluorinated analytes belonging to 10 classes of PFASs were detected among the pooled fish livers, including 6 sulfonate classes, 2 amine classes, 1 carboxylate class, and 1 N-heterocycle class. One class was detected in samples from both locations, 8 classes were detected exclusively in Tangxun Lake fish, and 1 class was detected exclusively in Yangtze River fish, 10 km downstream of a fluorochemical manufacturing site where we first reported these substances in wastewater 3 years ago. Overall, 4 of the PFAS classes (>165 analytes) are reported for the first time here. Wider monitoring and toxicological testing should be a priority for understanding the health risks posed to people and wildlife exposed to these substances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanna Liu
- Division of Analytical and Environmental Toxicity, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology , University of Alberta , Edmonton , Alberta Canada , T6G 2G3
| | - Manli Qian
- Analytical Chemistry Laboratory , Wuxi AppTec , Suzhou , China , 215104
| | - Xinxin Ma
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering , Nankai University , Tianjin , China , 300071
| | - Lingyan Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering , Nankai University , Tianjin , China , 300071
| | - Jonathan W Martin
- Division of Analytical and Environmental Toxicity, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology , University of Alberta , Edmonton , Alberta Canada , T6G 2G3
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Environmental Science and Analytical Chemistry , Stockholm University , Stockholm , Sweden , 10691
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8
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Cogswell TJ, Donald CS, Marquez R. Flexible synthesis of polyfunctionalised 3-fluoropyrroles. Org Biomol Chem 2016; 14:183-90. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ob02155c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Convergent synthesis of polyfunctionalised 3-fluoropyrroles.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Rodolfo Marquez
- School of Chemistry
- University of Glasgow
- Glasgow
- UK
- Department of Chemistry
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9
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Cortes-Ciriano I, Murrell DS, van Westen GJ, Bender A, Malliavin TE. Prediction of the potency of mammalian cyclooxygenase inhibitors with ensemble proteochemometric modeling. J Cheminform 2015; 7:1. [PMID: 25705261 PMCID: PMC4335128 DOI: 10.1186/s13321-014-0049-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2014] [Accepted: 11/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyclooxygenases (COX) are present in the body in two isoforms, namely: COX-1, constitutively expressed, and COX-2, induced in physiopathological conditions such as cancer or chronic inflammation. The inhibition of COX with non-steroideal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) is the most widely used treatment for chronic inflammation despite the adverse effects associated to prolonged NSAIDs intake. Although selective COX-2 inhibition has been shown not to palliate all adverse effects (e.g. cardiotoxicity), there are still niche populations which can benefit from selective COX-2 inhibition. Thus, capitalizing on bioactivity data from both isoforms simultaneously would contribute to develop COX inhibitors with better safety profiles. We applied ensemble proteochemometric modeling (PCM) for the prediction of the potency of 3,228 distinct COX inhibitors on 11 mammalian cyclooxygenases. Ensemble PCM models ([Formula: see text], and RMSEtest = 0.71) outperformed models exclusively trained on compound ([Formula: see text], and RMSEtest = 1.09) or protein descriptors ([Formula: see text] and RMSEtest = 1.10) on the test set. Moreover, PCM predicted COX potency for 1,086 selective and non-selective COX inhibitors with [Formula: see text] and RMSEtest = 0.76. These values are in agreement with the maximum and minimum achievable [Formula: see text] and RMSEtest values of approximately 0.68 for both metrics. Confidence intervals for individual predictions were calculated from the standard deviation of the predictions from the individual models composing the ensembles. Finally, two substructure analysis pipelines singled out chemical substructures implicated in both potency and selectivity in agreement with the literature. Graphical AbstractPrediction of uncorrelated bioactivity profiles for mammalian COX inhibitors with Ensemble Proteochemometric Modeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isidro Cortes-Ciriano
- Département de Biologie Structurale et Chimie, Institut Pasteur, Unité de Bioinformatique Structurale; CNRS UMR 3825, 25, rue du Dr Roux, Paris, 75015 France
| | - Daniel S Murrell
- Centre for Molecular Science Informatics, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Gerard Jp van Westen
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory European Bioinformatics Institute Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD UK
| | - Andreas Bender
- Centre for Molecular Science Informatics, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Thérèse E Malliavin
- Département de Biologie Structurale et Chimie, Institut Pasteur, Unité de Bioinformatique Structurale; CNRS UMR 3825, 25, rue du Dr Roux, Paris, 75015 France
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10
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Bhardwaj V, Gumber D, Abbot V, Dhiman S, Sharma P. Pyrrole: a resourceful small molecule in key medicinal hetero-aromatics. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra15710a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 410] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Pyrrole is widely known as a biologically active scaffold which possesses a diverse nature of activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Varun Bhardwaj
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Laboratory
- Department of Biotechnology
- Bioinformatics and Pharmacy
- Jaypee University of Information Technology
- Solan
| | - Divya Gumber
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry
- Banasthali
- India
| | - Vikrant Abbot
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Laboratory
- Department of Biotechnology
- Bioinformatics and Pharmacy
- Jaypee University of Information Technology
- Solan
| | - Saurabh Dhiman
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Laboratory
- Department of Biotechnology
- Bioinformatics and Pharmacy
- Jaypee University of Information Technology
- Solan
| | - Poonam Sharma
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Laboratory
- Department of Biotechnology
- Bioinformatics and Pharmacy
- Jaypee University of Information Technology
- Solan
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11
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Liu J, Fang Z, Zhang Q, Liu Q, Bi X. Silver-Catalyzed Isocyanide-Alkyne Cycloaddition: A General and Practical Method to Oligosubstituted Pyrroles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 52:6953-7. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201302024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 252] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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12
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Liu J, Fang Z, Zhang Q, Liu Q, Bi X. Silver-Catalyzed Isocyanide-Alkyne Cycloaddition: A General and Practical Method to Oligosubstituted Pyrroles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201302024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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13
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Yang TP, Lin JH, Chen QY, Xiao JC. A novel reaction of gem-difluorocyclopropyl ketones with nitriles leading to 2-fluoropyrroles. Chem Commun (Camb) 2013; 49:9833-5. [PMID: 24030730 DOI: 10.1039/c3cc45456h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tang-Po Yang
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China.
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14
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Rossi R, Bellina F, Lessi M. Selective Palladium-Catalyzed Suzuki-Miyaura Reactions of Polyhalogenated Heteroarenes. Adv Synth Catal 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201100942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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15
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Aslanian R, Carruthers NI, Kaminski JJ. Pulmonary-Allergy, Dermatological, Gastrointestinal and Arthritis: Cyclooxygenase-2: a novel target for therapeutic intervention. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2008. [DOI: 10.1517/13543784.3.12.1323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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16
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Pešić D, Landek IO, Čikoš A, Metelko B, Gabelica V, Stanić B, Merćep M, Mesić M. Synthesis of 2-formyl-1-aza-dibenzo[e,h]azulenes. J Heterocycl Chem 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.5570440524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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17
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Huang X, Shen R, Zhang T. Reaction of Allenyl Esters with Sodium Azide: An Efficient Synthesis of E-Vinyl Azides and Polysubstituted Pyrroles. J Org Chem 2007; 72:1534-7. [PMID: 17288400 DOI: 10.1021/jo062376m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The nucleophilic addition of sodium azide to 1,2-allenyl esters can generate vinyl azides in excellent yields with excellent regio- and stereoselectivities. Moreover, pyrroles are synthesized using 1-allyllic 1,2-allenyl esters as substrates in t-BuOH at 65 degrees C. The sequential reaction for pyrroles is developed on the basis of a novel domino process involving nucleophilic addition, cycloaddition, denitrogenation, and aromatization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian Huang
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University (Xixi Campus), Hangzhou 310028, P. R. China.
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18
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Bellina F, Rossi R. Synthesis and biological activity of pyrrole, pyrroline and pyrrolidine derivatives with two aryl groups on adjacent positions. Tetrahedron 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2006.05.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 531] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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19
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Banwell MG, Hamel E, Hockless DCR, Verdier-Pinard P, Willis AC, Wong DJ. 4,5-Diaryl-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxylates as combretastatin A-4/lamellarin T hybrids: synthesis and evaluation as anti-mitotic and cytotoxic agents. Bioorg Med Chem 2006; 14:4627-38. [PMID: 16510287 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2006.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2006] [Revised: 02/08/2006] [Accepted: 02/08/2006] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The 4,5-diarylated-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxylates 3-8 have each been prepared as hybrids of the potent anti-mitotic agent combretastatin A-4 (1) and the similarly active marine alkaloid lamellarin T (2). The key steps involved selective lithium-for-halogen exchange at C5 within the N-PMB protected 4,5-dibromopyrrole 22 and Negishi cross-coupling of the derived zincated species with the relevant aryl iodide. The ensuing 5-aryl-4-bromopyrrole then engaged in Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling with the appropriate arylboronic acid to give the 4,5-diarylated pyrroles 4, 6 and 8. TFA-promoted removal of the N-PMB group within these last compounds then gave the N-unsubstituted congeners 3, 5 and 7. Compounds 3-8 have all been evaluated for their anti-mitotic and cytotoxic properties and two of them, 3 and 5, display useful activities although they are less potent than combretastatin A-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin G Banwell
- Research School of Chemistry, Institute of Advanced Studies, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT.
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20
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Pérez González M, Dias LC, Helguera AM, Rodríguez YM, de Oliveira LG, Gomez LT, Diaz HG. TOPS-MODE based QSARs derived from heterogeneous series of compounds. Applications to the design of new anti-inflammatory compounds. Bioorg Med Chem 2004; 12:4467-75. [PMID: 15265497 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2004.05.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2004] [Revised: 05/22/2004] [Accepted: 05/26/2004] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A new application of TOPological Sub-structural MOlecular DEsign (TOPS-MODE) was carried out in anti-inflammatory compounds using computer-aided molecular design. Two series of compounds, one containing anti-inflammatory and the other containing nonanti-inflammatory compounds were processed by a k-means cluster analysis in order to design the training and prediction sets. A linear classification function to discriminate the anti-inflammatory from the inactive compounds was developed. The model correctly and clearly classified 88% of active and 91% of inactive compounds in the training set. More specifically, the model showed a good global classification of 90%, that is, (399 cases out of 441). While in the prediction set, they showed an overall predictability of 88% and 84% for active and inactive compounds, being the global percentage of good classification of 85%. Furthermore this paper describes a fragment analysis in order to determine the contribution of several fragments towards anti-inflammatory property, also the present of halogens in the selected fragments were analyzed. It seems that the present TOPS-MODE based QSAR is the first alternate general 'in silico' technique to experimentation in anti-inflammatory discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maykel Pérez González
- Unit of Service, Drug Design Department, Experimental Sugar Cane Station Villa Clara-Cienfuegos, Villa Clara, Ranchuelo 53100, Cuba.
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21
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Affiliation(s)
- J J Talley
- G.D. Searle, Division of Monsanto, St. Louis, MO 63198, USA
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22
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Khanna IK, Weier RM, Yu Y, Collins PW, Miyashiro JM, Koboldt CM, Veenhuizen AW, Currie JL, Seibert K, Isakson PC. 1,2-Diarylpyrroles as potent and selective inhibitors of cyclooxygenase-2. J Med Chem 1997; 40:1619-33. [PMID: 9171872 DOI: 10.1021/jm970036a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Series of 1,2-diarylpyrroles has been synthesized and found to contain very potent and selective inhibitors of the human cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) enzyme. The paper describes short and practical syntheses of the target molecules utilizing the Paal-Knorr reaction. Electrophilic substitution on 1 proceeds in a regioselective fashion, and the method was used to generate a number of tetrasubstituted pyrroles. Detailed SAR on the series has been studied by modifications of the aryl rings and the substituents in the pyrrole ring. Diarylpyrrole 1 is a very potent (COX-2, IC50 = 60 nm) and selective (COX-1/COX-2 = > 1700) inhibitor whereas the isomeric 2 is completely inactive against COX-2. Modifications of the substituents on the fluorophenyl ring in 1 yields very potent inhibitors of COX-2 (IC50 = 40-80 nm) with excellent selectivity (1200 to > 2500) vs COX-1. Analog 20 containing a sulfonamide group is an excellent inhibitor of COX-2 with an IC50 of 14 nm. Tetrasubstituted pyrroles containing groups such as COCF3, SO2CF3, or CH2OAr at position 3 in the pyrrole ring give excellent inhibitors (COX-2, IC50 = 30-120 nm). In vivo testing in the carrageenan-induced paw edema model in the rat establishes that the 1,2-diarylpyrroles are orally active antiinflammatory agents. Compound 3 is the most potent inhibitor of edema with an ED50 of 4.7 mpk.
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Affiliation(s)
- I K Khanna
- Searle Research and Development, Skokie, Illinois 60077, USA
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23
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Khanna IK, Weier RM, Yu Y, Xu XD, Koszyk FJ, Collins PW, Koboldt CM, Veenhuizen AW, Perkins WE, Casler JJ, Masferrer JL, Zhang YY, Gregory SA, Seibert K, Isakson PC. 1,2-Diarylimidazoles as potent, cyclooxygenase-2 selective, and orally active antiinflammatory agents. J Med Chem 1997; 40:1634-47. [PMID: 9171873 DOI: 10.1021/jm9700225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Series of 1,2-diarylimidazoles has been synthesized and found to contain highly potent and selective inhibitors of the human COX-2 enzyme. The paper describes a short synthesis of the target 1,2-diarylimidazoles starting with aryl nitriles. Different portions of the diarylimidazole (I) were modified to establish SAR. Systematic variations of the substituents in the aryl ring B have yielded very potent (IC50 = 10-100 nm) and selective (1000-12500) inhibitors of the COX-2 enzyme. The study on the influence of substituents in the imidazole ring established that a CF3 group at position 4 gives the optimum oral activity. A number of the diarylimidazoles showed excellent inhibition in the adjuvant induced arthritis model (e.g., ED50 = 0.02 mpk for 22 and 34). The diarylimidazoles are also potent inhibitors of carrageenan-induced edema (ED50 = 9-30 mpk) and hyperalgesia (ED50 = 11-40 mpk). Several orally active diarylimidazoles show no GI toxicity in the rat and mouse up to 200 mpk.
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Affiliation(s)
- I K Khanna
- Searle Research and Development, Skokie, Illinois 60077, USA
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24
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The application of vinylogous iminium salts and related synthons to the regiocontrolled preparation of 2,3- and 2,5-disubstituted pyrroles. Tetrahedron 1996. [DOI: 10.1016/0040-4020(96)00338-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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25
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Walker JV, Butler A. Vanadium bromoperoxidase-catalyzed oxidation of thiocyanate by hydrogen peroxide. Inorganica Chim Acta 1996. [DOI: 10.1016/0020-1693(96)84700-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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26
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A quantitative structure—activity relationship analysis of a series of 2′-(2,4-difluorophenoxy)-4′-substituted methanesulfonilides. Eur J Med Chem 1995. [DOI: 10.1016/0223-5234(96)88225-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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