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Gayatri, Brewitz L, Ibbotson L, Salah E, Basak S, Choudhry H, Schofield CJ. Thiophene-fused γ-lactams inhibit the SARS-CoV-2 main protease via reversible covalent acylation. Chem Sci 2024; 15:7667-7678. [PMID: 38784729 PMCID: PMC11110133 DOI: 10.1039/d4sc01027b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Enzyme inhibitors working by O-acylation of nucleophilic serine residues are of immense medicinal importance, as exemplified by the β-lactam antibiotics. By contrast, inhibition of nucleophilic cysteine enzymes by S-acylation has not been widely exploited for medicinal applications. The SARS-CoV-2 main protease (Mpro) is a nucleophilic cysteine protease and a validated therapeutic target for COVID-19 treatment using small-molecule inhibitors. The clinically used Mpro inhibitors nirmatrelvir and simnotrelvir work via reversible covalent reaction of their electrophilic nitrile with the Mpro nucleophilic cysteine (Cys145). We report combined structure activity relationship and mass spectrometric studies revealing that appropriately functionalized γ-lactams can potently inhibit Mpro by reversible covalent reaction with Cys145 of Mpro. The results suggest that γ-lactams have potential as electrophilic warheads for development of covalently reacting small-molecule inhibitors of Mpro and, by implication, other nucleophilic cysteine enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gayatri
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry and the Ineos Oxford Institute for Antimicrobial Research, University of Oxford 12 Mansfield Road OX1 3TA Oxford UK
| | - Lennart Brewitz
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry and the Ineos Oxford Institute for Antimicrobial Research, University of Oxford 12 Mansfield Road OX1 3TA Oxford UK
| | - Lewis Ibbotson
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry and the Ineos Oxford Institute for Antimicrobial Research, University of Oxford 12 Mansfield Road OX1 3TA Oxford UK
| | - Eidarus Salah
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry and the Ineos Oxford Institute for Antimicrobial Research, University of Oxford 12 Mansfield Road OX1 3TA Oxford UK
| | - Shyam Basak
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry and the Ineos Oxford Institute for Antimicrobial Research, University of Oxford 12 Mansfield Road OX1 3TA Oxford UK
| | - Hani Choudhry
- Department of Biochemistry, Center for Artificial Intelligence in Precision Medicines, King Abdulaziz University Jeddah Saudi Arabia
| | - Christopher J Schofield
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry and the Ineos Oxford Institute for Antimicrobial Research, University of Oxford 12 Mansfield Road OX1 3TA Oxford UK
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2
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Vaishanav SK, Korram J, Verma TK, Jadhav SK, Nagwanshi R, Satnami ML. Antibacterial Activity of CdTe/ZnS Quantum Dot-β Lactum Antibiotic Conjugates. J Fluoresc 2024; 34:833-846. [PMID: 37389712 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-023-03316-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
β-Lactum antibiotics are broad class of antibiotics which kills bacteria by inhibiting the formation of peptidoglycan that constitutes the bacterial cell wall. The resistance that develops in bacteria for antibiotics led the scientific world to think about the future aspects for modifying the way through which antibiotics are acted on the bacteria and become lethal for them. In this consequence, the potential of latest marketed antibiotics e.g. Amoxiciline (I), ceftazidim (II) have been evaluated after being conjugated with quantum dots. The surface of quantum dots has been conjugated with antibiotics by carbodiimide coupling with the help of 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide (EDC) and N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS) as conjugating agent between antibiotic and functionalized quantum dots. The antibacterial properties of QD-conjugated antibiotics have been determined by disc diffusion assay. The potency of QD-conjugated antibiotics has been estimated by determining their MIC50 for the selected strain of Gram-negative (Escherichia coli) and Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus) bacteria. Minimum inhibitory concentration study, minimum bactericidal concentration and growth pattern analysis revealed that QD-antibiotic conjugates showed slightly more prospective than pure native antibiotics against both Gram-negative (Escherichia coli) and Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus) bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandeep K Vaishanav
- State Forensic Science Laboratory, Police line Campus, Tikrapara, Raipur, C.G., 492001, India
| | - Jyoti Korram
- School of Studies in Chemistry, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, C.G., 492010, India
| | - Tikendra K Verma
- Laxman Prasad Baidh Govt. Girls College, Bemetara, C.G., 491335, India
| | - S K Jadhav
- School of Studies in Biotechnology, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, C.G., 492010, India
| | - Rekha Nagwanshi
- Department of Chemistry, Govt. Madhav P. G. Science College, Ujjain, M. P., 456010, India
| | - Manmohan L Satnami
- School of Studies in Chemistry, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, C.G., 492010, India.
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3
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Lazare J, Tebes-Stevens C, Weber EJ. A multiple linear regression approach to the estimation of carboxylic acid ester and lactone alkaline hydrolysis rate constants. SAR AND QSAR IN ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 34:183-210. [PMID: 36951517 PMCID: PMC10547131 DOI: 10.1080/1062936x.2023.2188608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Pesticides, pharmaceuticals, and other organic contaminants often undergo hydrolysis when released into the environment; therefore, measured or estimated hydrolysis rates are needed to assess their environmental persistence. An intuitive multiple linear regression (MLR) approach was used to develop robust QSARs for predicting base-catalyzed rate constants of carboxylic acid esters (CAEs) and lactones. We explored various combinations of independent descriptors, resulting in four primary models (two for lactones and two for CAEs), with a total of 15 and 11 parameters included in the CAE and lactone QSAR models, respectively. The most significant descriptors include pKa, electronegativity, charge density, and steric parameters. Model performance is assessed using Drug Theoretics and Cheminformatics Laboratory's DTC-QSAR tool, demonstrating high accuracy for both internal validation (r2 = 0.93 and RMSE = 0.41-0.43 for CAEs; r2 = 0.90-0.93 and RMSE = 0.38-0.46 for lactones) and external validation (r2 = 0.93 and RMSE = 0.43-0.45 for CAEs; r2 = 0.94-0.98 and RMSE = 0.33-0.41 for lactones). The developed models require only low-cost computational resources and have substantially improved performance compared to existing hydrolysis rate prediction models (HYDROWIN and SPARC).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jovian Lazare
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE), hosted at U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Athens, Georgia 30605, United States
| | - Caroline Tebes-Stevens
- Center for Environmental Measurement and Modeling, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Athens, Georgia 30605, United States
| | - Eric J. Weber
- Center for Environmental Measurement and Modeling, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Athens, Georgia 30605, United States
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4
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Malla TR, Brewitz L, Muntean DG, Aslam H, Owen CD, Salah E, Tumber A, Lukacik P, Strain-Damerell C, Mikolajek H, Walsh MA, Schofield CJ. Penicillin Derivatives Inhibit the SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease by Reaction with Its Nucleophilic Cysteine. J Med Chem 2022; 65:7682-7696. [PMID: 35549342 PMCID: PMC9115881 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c02214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
The SARS-CoV-2 main protease (Mpro) is a medicinal chemistry target for COVID-19 treatment. Given the clinical efficacy of β-lactams as inhibitors of bacterial nucleophilic enzymes, they are of interest as inhibitors of viral nucleophilic serine and cysteine proteases. We describe the synthesis of penicillin derivatives which are potent Mpro inhibitors and investigate their mechanism of inhibition using mass spectrometric and crystallographic analyses. The results suggest that β-lactams have considerable potential as Mpro inhibitors via a mechanism involving reaction with the nucleophilic cysteine to form a stable acyl-enzyme complex as shown by crystallographic analysis. The results highlight the potential for inhibition of viral proteases employing nucleophilic catalysis by β-lactams and related acylating agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tika R. Malla
- Chemistry
Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry and the Ineos Oxford
Institute for Antimicrobial Research, University
of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, OX1 3TA Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Lennart Brewitz
- Chemistry
Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry and the Ineos Oxford
Institute for Antimicrobial Research, University
of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, OX1 3TA Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Dorian-Gabriel Muntean
- Chemistry
Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry and the Ineos Oxford
Institute for Antimicrobial Research, University
of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, OX1 3TA Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Hiba Aslam
- Chemistry
Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry and the Ineos Oxford
Institute for Antimicrobial Research, University
of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, OX1 3TA Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - C. David Owen
- Diamond
Light Source Ltd., Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, OX11 0DE Didcot, United Kingdom
- Research
Complex at Harwell, Harwell
Science and Innovation Campus, OX11
0FA Didcot, United Kingdom
| | - Eidarus Salah
- Chemistry
Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry and the Ineos Oxford
Institute for Antimicrobial Research, University
of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, OX1 3TA Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Anthony Tumber
- Chemistry
Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry and the Ineos Oxford
Institute for Antimicrobial Research, University
of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, OX1 3TA Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Petra Lukacik
- Diamond
Light Source Ltd., Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, OX11 0DE Didcot, United Kingdom
- Research
Complex at Harwell, Harwell
Science and Innovation Campus, OX11
0FA Didcot, United Kingdom
| | - Claire Strain-Damerell
- Diamond
Light Source Ltd., Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, OX11 0DE Didcot, United Kingdom
- Research
Complex at Harwell, Harwell
Science and Innovation Campus, OX11
0FA Didcot, United Kingdom
| | - Halina Mikolajek
- Diamond
Light Source Ltd., Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, OX11 0DE Didcot, United Kingdom
- Research
Complex at Harwell, Harwell
Science and Innovation Campus, OX11
0FA Didcot, United Kingdom
| | - Martin A. Walsh
- Diamond
Light Source Ltd., Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, OX11 0DE Didcot, United Kingdom
- Research
Complex at Harwell, Harwell
Science and Innovation Campus, OX11
0FA Didcot, United Kingdom
| | - Christopher J. Schofield
- Chemistry
Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry and the Ineos Oxford
Institute for Antimicrobial Research, University
of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, OX1 3TA Oxford, United Kingdom
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5
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Ananeva A, Bakulina O, Dar’in D, Kantin G, Krasavin M. Dicarboxylic Acid Monoesters in β- and δ-Lactam Synthesis. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27082469. [PMID: 35458663 PMCID: PMC9032910 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27082469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
A N-(2-methoxy-2-oxoethyl)-N-(phenylsulfonyl)glycine monomethyl ester of the respective dicarboxylic acid was involved in a reaction with imines promoted by acetic anhydride at an elevated temperature. Instead of the initially expected δ-lactam products of the Castagnoli–Cushman-type reaction, medicinally important 3-amino-2-azetidinones were obtained as the result of cyclization, involving a methylene group adjacent to an acid moiety. In contrast, replacing alcohol residue with hexafluoroisopropyl in the same substrate made another methylene group (adjacent to the ester moiety) more reactive to furnishing the desired δ-lactam in the Castagnoli–Cushman fashion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Ananeva
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, 26 Universitetskii Prospect, 198504 Peterhof, Russia; (A.A.); (D.D.); (G.K.)
| | - Olga Bakulina
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, 26 Universitetskii Prospect, 198504 Peterhof, Russia; (A.A.); (D.D.); (G.K.)
- Correspondence: (O.B.); (M.K.)
| | - Dmitry Dar’in
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, 26 Universitetskii Prospect, 198504 Peterhof, Russia; (A.A.); (D.D.); (G.K.)
| | - Grigory Kantin
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, 26 Universitetskii Prospect, 198504 Peterhof, Russia; (A.A.); (D.D.); (G.K.)
| | - Mikhail Krasavin
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, 26 Universitetskii Prospect, 198504 Peterhof, Russia; (A.A.); (D.D.); (G.K.)
- Institute of Living Systems, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, 236041 Kaliningrad, Russia
- Correspondence: (O.B.); (M.K.)
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6
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Khandelwal P, Singh DK, Poddar P. Advances in the Experimental and Theoretical Understandings of Antibiotic Conjugated Gold Nanoparticles for Antibacterial Applications. ChemistrySelect 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201900083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Puneet Khandelwal
- Physical & Materials Chemistry DivisionCSIR-National Chemical Laboratory Pune - 411008 India
| | - Dheeraj K. Singh
- Department of PhysicsInstitute of Infrastructure Technology Research & Management Ahmedabad - 380026 India
| | - Pankaj Poddar
- Physical & Materials Chemistry DivisionCSIR-National Chemical Laboratory Pune - 411008 India
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7
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Yang LL, Kong XH, Wu ZL, Lin YW, Liao LF, Nie CM. Theoretical investigation into the coordination ofR-/S-asymmetric uranyl-salophens containing six-membered ring lactam withcis−/trans-cyclohexylamines. Appl Organomet Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.4387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Liang-Liang Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; University of South China; Hengyang 421001 China
| | - Xiang-He Kong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; University of South China; Hengyang 421001 China
| | - Zhi-Lin Wu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; University of South China; Hengyang 421001 China
| | - Ying-Wu Lin
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; University of South China; Hengyang 421001 China
| | - Li-Fu Liao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; University of South China; Hengyang 421001 China
| | - Chang-Ming Nie
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; University of South China; Hengyang 421001 China
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8
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Thigulla Y, Ranga S, Ghosal S, Subbalakshmi J, Bhattacharya A. One-Pot Two Step Nazarov-Schmidt Rearrangement for the Synthesis of Fused δ-Lactam Systems. ChemistrySelect 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201701848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yadagiri Thigulla
- Department of Chemistry; Birla Institute of Technology and Science-Pilani (Hyderabad Campus); Hyderabad- 500078 India
| | - Santosh Ranga
- Department of Chemistry; Birla Institute of Technology and Science-Pilani (Hyderabad Campus); Hyderabad- 500078 India
| | - Subhas Ghosal
- Department of Chemistry; Birla Institute of Technology and Science-Pilani (Hyderabad Campus); Hyderabad- 500078 India
| | - Jayanty Subbalakshmi
- Department of Chemistry; Birla Institute of Technology and Science-Pilani (Hyderabad Campus); Hyderabad- 500078 India
| | - Anupam Bhattacharya
- Department of Chemistry; Birla Institute of Technology and Science-Pilani (Hyderabad Campus); Hyderabad- 500078 India
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9
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Durand-Réville TF, Guler S, Comita-Prevoir J, Chen B, Bifulco N, Huynh H, Lahiri S, Shapiro AB, McLeod SM, Carter NM, Moussa SH, Velez-Vega C, Olivier NB, McLaughlin R, Gao N, Thresher J, Palmer T, Andrews B, Giacobbe RA, Newman JV, Ehmann DE, de Jonge B, O'Donnell J, Mueller JP, Tommasi RA, Miller AA. ETX2514 is a broad-spectrum β-lactamase inhibitor for the treatment of drug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria including Acinetobacter baumannii. Nat Microbiol 2017; 2:17104. [PMID: 28665414 DOI: 10.1038/nmicrobiol.2017.104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 168] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2016] [Accepted: 05/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacterial infections are a serious threat to public health. Among the most alarming resistance trends is the rapid rise in the number and diversity of β-lactamases, enzymes that inactivate β-lactams, a class of antibiotics that has been a therapeutic mainstay for decades. Although several new β-lactamase inhibitors have been approved or are in clinical trials, their spectra of activity do not address MDR pathogens such as Acinetobacter baumannii. This report describes the rational design and characterization of expanded-spectrum serine β-lactamase inhibitors that potently inhibit clinically relevant class A, C and D β-lactamases and penicillin-binding proteins, resulting in intrinsic antibacterial activity against Enterobacteriaceae and restoration of β-lactam activity in a broad range of MDR Gram-negative pathogens. One of the most promising combinations is sulbactam-ETX2514, whose potent antibacterial activity, in vivo efficacy against MDR A. baumannii infections and promising preclinical safety demonstrate its potential to address this significant unmet medical need.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Satenig Guler
- Entasis Therapeutics, 35 Gatehouse Drive, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, USA
| | | | - Brendan Chen
- AstraZeneca, 35 Gatehouse Drive, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, USA
| | - Neil Bifulco
- AstraZeneca, 35 Gatehouse Drive, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, USA
| | - Hoan Huynh
- AstraZeneca, 35 Gatehouse Drive, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, USA
| | - Sushmita Lahiri
- AstraZeneca, 35 Gatehouse Drive, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, USA
| | - Adam B Shapiro
- Entasis Therapeutics, 35 Gatehouse Drive, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, USA
| | - Sarah M McLeod
- Entasis Therapeutics, 35 Gatehouse Drive, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, USA
| | - Nicole M Carter
- Entasis Therapeutics, 35 Gatehouse Drive, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, USA
| | - Samir H Moussa
- Entasis Therapeutics, 35 Gatehouse Drive, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, USA
| | - Camilo Velez-Vega
- Entasis Therapeutics, 35 Gatehouse Drive, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, USA
| | - Nelson B Olivier
- AstraZeneca, 35 Gatehouse Drive, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, USA
| | | | - Ning Gao
- AstraZeneca, 35 Gatehouse Drive, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, USA
| | - Jason Thresher
- AstraZeneca, 35 Gatehouse Drive, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, USA
| | - Tiffany Palmer
- AstraZeneca, 35 Gatehouse Drive, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, USA
| | - Beth Andrews
- AstraZeneca, 35 Gatehouse Drive, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, USA
| | | | - Joseph V Newman
- AstraZeneca, 35 Gatehouse Drive, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, USA
| | - David E Ehmann
- AstraZeneca, 35 Gatehouse Drive, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, USA
| | | | - John O'Donnell
- Entasis Therapeutics, 35 Gatehouse Drive, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, USA
| | - John P Mueller
- Entasis Therapeutics, 35 Gatehouse Drive, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, USA
| | - Rubén A Tommasi
- Entasis Therapeutics, 35 Gatehouse Drive, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, USA
| | - Alita A Miller
- Entasis Therapeutics, 35 Gatehouse Drive, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, USA
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10
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de Oliveira JFA, Saito Â, Bido AT, Kobarg J, Stassen HK, Cardoso MB. Defeating Bacterial Resistance and Preventing Mammalian Cells Toxicity Through Rational Design of Antibiotic-Functionalized Nanoparticles. Sci Rep 2017; 7:1326. [PMID: 28465530 PMCID: PMC5430956 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-01209-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2016] [Accepted: 03/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The rational synthesis of alternative materials is highly demanding due to the outbreak of infectious diseases and resistance to antibiotics. Herein, we report a tailored nanoantibiotic synthesis protocol where the antibiotic binding was optimized on the silver-silica core-shell nanoparticles surface to maximize biological responses. The obtained silver nanoparticles coated with mesoporous silica functionalized with ampicillin presented remarkable antimicrobial effects against susceptible and antibiotic-resistant Escherichia coli. In addition, these structures were not cell-death inducers and different steps of the mitotic cell cycle (prophase, anaphase and metaphase) were clearly identified. The superior biological results were attributed to a proper and tailored synthesis strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Fernanda Affonso de Oliveira
- Laboratório Nacional de Luz Síncrotron (LNLS)/Laboratório Nacional de Nanotecnologia (LNNano), Centro Nacional de Pesquisa em Energia e Materiais (CNPEM), CEP 13083-970, Caixa Postal 6192, Campinas, SP, Brazil
- Instituto de Química (IQ), Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), CEP 13083-970, Caixa Postal 6154, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Ângela Saito
- Laboratório Nacional de Biociências (LNBio), Centro Nacional de Pesquisa em Energia e Materiais (CNPEM), CEP 13083-970, Caixa Postal 6192, Campinas, SP, Brazil
- Departamento de Bioquímica-Programa de Pós-graduação em Biologia Funcional e Molecular, Instituto de Biologia (IB), Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), CEP 13083-970, Caixa Postal 6109, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Ariadne Tuckmantel Bido
- Laboratório Nacional de Luz Síncrotron (LNLS)/Laboratório Nacional de Nanotecnologia (LNNano), Centro Nacional de Pesquisa em Energia e Materiais (CNPEM), CEP 13083-970, Caixa Postal 6192, Campinas, SP, Brazil
- Instituto de Química (IQ), Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), CEP 13083-970, Caixa Postal 6154, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Jörg Kobarg
- Departamento de Bioquímica-Programa de Pós-graduação em Biologia Funcional e Molecular, Instituto de Biologia (IB), Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), CEP 13083-970, Caixa Postal 6109, Campinas, SP, Brazil
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), CEP 13083-871, Caixa Postal 6029, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Hubert Karl Stassen
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), CEP 91501-970, Caixa Postal 15003, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Mateus Borba Cardoso
- Laboratório Nacional de Luz Síncrotron (LNLS)/Laboratório Nacional de Nanotecnologia (LNNano), Centro Nacional de Pesquisa em Energia e Materiais (CNPEM), CEP 13083-970, Caixa Postal 6192, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
- Instituto de Química (IQ), Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), CEP 13083-970, Caixa Postal 6154, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
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11
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Scope, limitations and classification of lactamases. J Biotechnol 2016; 235:11-23. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2016.03.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2015] [Revised: 03/29/2016] [Accepted: 03/31/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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12
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Wang DY, Abboud MI, Markoulides MS, Brem J, Schofield CJ. The road to avibactam: the first clinically useful non-β-lactam working somewhat like a β-lactam. Future Med Chem 2016; 8:1063-84. [PMID: 27327972 DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2016-0078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Avibactam, which is the first non-β-lactam β-lactamase inhibitor to be introduced for clinical use, is a broad-spectrum serine β-lactamase inhibitor with activity against class A, class C, and, some, class D β-lactamases. We provide an overview of efforts, which extend to the period soon after the discovery of the penicillins, to develop clinically useful non-β-lactam compounds as antibacterials, and, subsequently, penicillin-binding protein and β-lactamase inhibitors. Like the β-lactam inhibitors, avibactam works via a mechanism involving covalent modification of a catalytically important nucleophilic serine residue. However, unlike the β-lactam inhibitors, avibactam reacts reversibly with its β-lactamase targets. We discuss chemical factors that may account for the apparently special nature of β-lactams and related compounds as antibacterials and β-lactamase inhibitors, including with respect to resistance. Avenues for future research including non-β-lactam antibacterials acting similarly to β-lactams are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jürgen Brem
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, UK
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13
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Choi H, Paton RS, Park H, Schofield CJ. Investigations on recyclisation and hydrolysis in avibactam mediated serine β-lactamase inhibition. Org Biomol Chem 2016; 14:4116-28. [PMID: 27072755 PMCID: PMC4847122 DOI: 10.1039/c6ob00353b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2016] [Accepted: 04/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
β-Lactams inhibit penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) and serine β-lactamases by acylation of a nucleophilic active site serine. Avibactam is approved for clinical use in combination with ceftazidime, and is a breakthrough non β-lactam β-lactamase inhibitor also reacting via serine acylation. Molecular dynamics (MD) and quantum chemical calculations on avibactam-mediated inhibition of a clinically relevant cephalosporinase reveal that recyclisation of the avibactam derived carbamoyl complex is favoured over hydrolysis. In contrast, we show that analogous recyclisation in β-lactam mediated inhibition is disfavoured. Avibactam recyclisation is promoted by a proton shuttle, a 'structural' water protonating the nucleophilic serine, and stabilization of the negative charge developed on aminocarbonyl oxygen. The results imply the potential of calculations for distinguishing between bifurcating pathways during inhibition and in generating hypotheses for predicting resistance. The inability of β-lactams to undergo recyclisation may be an Achilles heel, but one that can be addressed by suitably functionalized reversibly binding inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hwanho Choi
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Sejong University, 209 Neungdong-ro, Kwangjin-gu, Seoul 143-747, Korea. and Chemical Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Robert S Paton
- Chemical Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Hwangseo Park
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Sejong University, 209 Neungdong-ro, Kwangjin-gu, Seoul 143-747, Korea.
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14
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Peña-López M, Neumann H, Beller M. Iron(II) Pincer-Catalyzed Synthesis of Lactones and Lactams through a Versatile Dehydrogenative Domino Sequence. ChemCatChem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201402967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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15
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Development of new drugs for an old target: the penicillin binding proteins. Molecules 2012; 17:12478-505. [PMID: 23095893 PMCID: PMC6268044 DOI: 10.3390/molecules171112478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2012] [Revised: 10/05/2012] [Accepted: 10/17/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The widespread use of β-lactam antibiotics has led to the worldwide appearance of drug-resistant strains. Bacteria have developed resistance to β-lactams by two main mechanisms: the production of β-lactamases, sometimes accompanied by a decrease of outer membrane permeability, and the production of low-affinity, drug resistant Penicillin Binding Proteins (PBPs). PBPs remain attractive targets for developing new antibiotic agents because they catalyse the last steps of the biosynthesis of peptidoglycan, which is unique to bacteria, and lies outside the cytoplasmic membrane. Here we summarize the “current state of the art” of non-β-lactam inhibitors of PBPs, which have being developed in an attempt to counter the emergence of β-lactam resistance. These molecules are not susceptible to hydrolysis by β-lactamases and thus present a real alternative to β-lactams. We present transition state analogs such as boronic acids, which can covalently bind to the active serine residue in the catalytic site. Molecules containing ring structures different from the β-lactam-ring like lactivicin are able to acylate the active serine residue. High throughput screening methods, in combination with virtual screening methods and structure based design, have allowed the development of new molecules. Some of these novel inhibitors are active against major pathogens, including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and thus open avenues new for the discovery of novel antibiotics.
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16
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Parikh–Doering oxidation–dehydration–Ugi cyclization cascade in the development of lactams from formidoalkanols (3>chain length>7). Tetrahedron 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2011.10.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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17
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Brown T, Charlier P, Herman R, Schofield CJ, Sauvage E. Structural basis for the interaction of lactivicins with serine beta-lactamases. J Med Chem 2010; 53:5890-4. [PMID: 20593835 DOI: 10.1021/jm100437u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Lactivicin (LTV) is a natural non-beta-lactam antibiotic that inhibits penicillin-binding proteins and serine beta-lactamases. A crystal structure of a BS3-LTV complex reveals that, as for its reaction with PBPs, LTV reacts with the nucleophilic serine and that cycloserine and lactone rings of LTV are opened. This structure, together with reported structures of PBP1b with lactivicins, provides a basis for developing improved lactivicin-based gamma-lactam antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom Brown
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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18
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Mulchande J, Oliveira R, Carrasco M, Gouveia L, Guedes RC, Iley J, Moreira R. 4-Oxo-β-lactams (Azetidine-2,4-diones) Are Potent and Selective Inhibitors of Human Leukocyte Elastase. J Med Chem 2009; 53:241-53. [DOI: 10.1021/jm901082k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jalmira Mulchande
- iMed.UL, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lisbon, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Rudi Oliveira
- iMed.UL, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lisbon, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Marta Carrasco
- iMed.UL, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lisbon, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Luís Gouveia
- iMed.UL, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lisbon, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Rita C. Guedes
- iMed.UL, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lisbon, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Jim Iley
- Department of Chemistry and Analytical Sciences, The Open University, Milton Keynes, MK7 6AA, U.K
| | - Rui Moreira
- iMed.UL, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lisbon, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal
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19
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Yeguas V, Díaz N, Campomanes P, López R. Ring opening at N1-C2 bond of azetidin-2-ones by a molybdenum hydroxo-carbonyl complex: evidence from a computational study. Dalton Trans 2008:6427-34. [PMID: 19002330 DOI: 10.1039/b810868d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Computations on the reaction of azetidin-2-one, N-sulfonate azetidin-2-one, and 3-formylamine-N-sulfonate azetidin-2-one with [Mo(OH)(eta3-C3H5)(CO)2(N2C2H4)] were performed at the B3LYP/6-31+G(d,p) (LANL2DZ for Mo augmented by f polarization functions with exponents 1.043) taking into account solvent effects by means of the PCM-UAHF model. According to our calculations, the rate-determining energy barrier for the azetidin-2-one case, 38.0 kcal mol(-1), becomes 28.8 and 26.1 kcal mol(-1) for the N-sulfonate azetidin-2-one and 3-formylamine-N-sulfonate azetidin-2-one ones, respectively. The presence of the sulfonate group is crucial to cleave the beta-lactam N1-C2 bond by the Mo complex thanks to the interaction of the sulfonate group with the hydroxyl and bidentate ligands of the complex. This could be of interest for the synthesis of beta-amino acids and their derivatives from beta-lactams in mild conditions and low polarity solvents promoted by organometallic complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Violeta Yeguas
- Departamento de Química Física y Analítica, Universidad de Oviedo, C/Julián Clavería, 8, 33006, Oviedo, Spain
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20
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Macheboeuf P, Fischer DS, Brown T, Zervosen A, Luxen A, Joris B, Dessen A, Schofield CJ. Structural and mechanistic basis of penicillin-binding protein inhibition by lactivicins. Nat Chem Biol 2007; 3:565-9. [PMID: 17676039 DOI: 10.1038/nchembio.2007.21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2007] [Accepted: 07/06/2007] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Beta-lactam antibiotics, including penicillins and cephalosporins, inhibit penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs), which are essential for bacterial cell wall biogenesis. Pathogenic bacteria have evolved efficient antibiotic resistance mechanisms that, in Gram-positive bacteria, include mutations to PBPs that enable them to avoid beta-lactam inhibition. Lactivicin (LTV; 1) contains separate cycloserine and gamma-lactone rings and is the only known natural PBP inhibitor that does not contain a beta-lactam. Here we show that LTV and a more potent analog, phenoxyacetyl-LTV (PLTV; 2), are active against clinically isolated, penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae strains. Crystallographic analyses of S. pneumoniae PBP1b reveal that LTV and PLTV inhibition involves opening of both monocyclic cycloserine and gamma-lactone rings. In PBP1b complexes, the ring-derived atoms from LTV and PLTV show a notable structural convergence with those derived from a complexed cephalosporin (cefotaxime; 3). The structures imply that derivatives of LTV will be useful in the search for new antibiotics with activity against beta-lactam-resistant bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pauline Macheboeuf
- Institut de Biologie Structurale Jean-Pierre Ebel Commissariat à l'énergie atomique - Centre National de La Recherche Scientifique - Université Joseph Fourier, 41 rue Jules Horowitz, F-38027 Grenoble, France
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21
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Borboa LG, Núñez O. Amide and lactam hydrolysis ofN-(2-hydroxyacetyl)-2-pyrrolidone: effective catalysis. J PHYS ORG CHEM 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/poc.1067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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22
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Ichikawa Y, Matsukawa Y, Tamura M, Ohara F, Isobe M, Kotsuki H. Synthesis of Urea-Tethered Disaccharides in Water. Chem Asian J 2006; 1:717-23. [PMID: 17441114 DOI: 10.1002/asia.200600190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
A new method for the synthesis of urea-linked disaccharides in aqueous media has been developed. The key feature of our approach is two strained Steyermark-type gluco- and galactopyranosyl oxazolidinones. Each oxazolidinone is attached to a pyranose ring in a di-equatorial trans-annulation framework. Reaction of these oxazolidinones with 4-aminohexopyranose in water proceeded smoothly to afford the urea-tethered cellobiose and lactose analogues. The galactose-type oxazolidinone proved to be more reactive than the glucose-type, which is explained by the presence of an axial hydroxy group at C4 in the former.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiyasu Ichikawa
- Faculty of Science, Kochi University, Akebono-cho, Kochi 780-8520, Japan.
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23
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Romeo R, Iannazzo D, Piperno A, Chiacchio MA, Corsaro A, Rescifina A. From Amino Acids to Enantiopure Bicyclic Isoxazolidinylpyridin-4(1H)-ones through Intramolecular Nitrone Cycloadditions. European J Org Chem 2005. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200400847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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24
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Seibel J, Brown D, Amour A, Macdonald SJ, Oldham NJ, Schofield CJ. Synthesis and evaluation of delta-lactams (piperazones) as elastase inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2003; 13:387-9. [PMID: 12565935 DOI: 10.1016/s0960-894x(02)00995-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
A series of monocyclic delta-lactams (piperazones) was prepared and analysed as inhibitors of porcine pancreatic elastase and human neutrophil elastase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jürgen Seibel
- The Oxford Centre for Molecular Sciences and The Dyson Perrins Laboratory, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QY, UK
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25
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Hanessian S, Buckle R, Bayrakdarian M. Design and synthesis of a novel class of constrained tricyclic pyrrolizidinone carboxylic acids as carbapenem mimics. J Org Chem 2002; 67:3387-97. [PMID: 12003550 DOI: 10.1021/jo0111715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A series of tricyclic pyrrolizidinone carboxylic acids harboring an angular methano group were synthesized as mimics of carbapenems and carbapenams. A key reaction involved a novel intramolecular cyclopropanation mediated by a trimethylstannylmethyl group and an adjacent iminium ion. Enolate chemistry on a tricyclic lactam ring unit allowed the introduction of various substituents. Further elaboration afforded tricyclic pyrrolidinone carboxylic acids, which were found to be inactive as inhibitors against a panel of bacterial strains. However, the antibacterial activity of ceftazidine was enhanced in the presence of the tricyclic analogues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Hanessian
- Department of Chemistry, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, Succursale Centre-ville, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada.
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26
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Waterman KC, Adami RC, Alsante KM, Antipas AS, Arenson DR, Carrier R, Hong J, Landis MS, Lombardo F, Shah JC, Shalaev E, Smith SW, Wang H. Hydrolysis in pharmaceutical formulations. Pharm Dev Technol 2002; 7:113-46. [PMID: 12066569 DOI: 10.1081/pdt-120003494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
This literature review presents hydrolysis of active pharmaceutical ingredients as well as the effects on dosage form stability due to hydrolysis of excipients. Mechanisms and measurement methods are discussed and recommendations for formulation stabilization are listed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth C Waterman
- Pfizer Global Research and Development, Eastern Point Road, Groton, CT 06340, USA.
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27
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Perrin CL. Is there stereoelectronic control in formation and cleavage of tetrahedral intermediates? Acc Chem Res 2002; 35:28-34. [PMID: 11790086 DOI: 10.1021/ar970169q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Deslongchamps' hypothesis of stereoelectronic control states that preferential cleavage of a tetrahedral intermediate occurs when a leaving group is antiperiplanar to two lone pairs. It is argued that the evidence supporting the hypothesis is suspect. An alternative explanation is that product stabilities bias the results. A more suitable test is hydrolysis of cyclic amidines and related species. Product studies show substantial cleavage of the bond that is antiperiplanar to only one lone pair and syn to the other, especially in five- and seven-membered rings. Even in the most favorable cases, six-membered rings, antiperiplanar lone pairs provide <2 kcal/mol of transition-state stabilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles L Perrin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0358, USA.
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