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Miao L, Li L, Huang Y, Delcassian D, Chahal J, Han J, Shi Y, Sadtler K, Gao W, Lin J, Doloff JC, Langer R, Anderson DG. Delivery of mRNA vaccines with heterocyclic lipids increases anti-tumor efficacy by STING-mediated immune cell activation. Nat Biotechnol 2019; 37:1174-1185. [PMID: 31570898 DOI: 10.1038/s41587-019-0247-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 340] [Impact Index Per Article: 68.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2018] [Revised: 07/13/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Therapeutic messenger RNA vaccines enable delivery of whole antigens, which can be advantageous over peptide vaccines. However, optimal efficacy requires both intracellular delivery, to allow antigen translation, and appropriate immune activation. Here, we developed a combinatorial library of ionizable lipid-like materials to identify mRNA delivery vehicles that facilitate mRNA delivery in vivo and provide potent and specific immune activation. Using a three-dimensional multi-component reaction system, we synthesized and evaluated the vaccine potential of over 1,000 lipid formulations. The top candidate formulations induced a robust immune response, and were able to inhibit tumor growth and prolong survival in melanoma and human papillomavirus E7 in vivo tumor models. The top-performing lipids share a common structure: an unsaturated lipid tail, a dihydroimidazole linker and cyclic amine head groups. These formulations induce antigen-presenting cell maturation via the intracellular stimulator of interferon genes (STING) pathway, rather than through Toll-like receptors, and result in limited systemic cytokine expression and enhanced anti-tumor efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Miao
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Linxian Li
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Ming Wai Lau Centre for Reparative Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yuxuan Huang
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Derfogail Delcassian
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Department of Anesthesiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Division of Regenerative Medicine and Cellular Therapy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Jasdave Chahal
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Jinsong Han
- Ming Wai Lau Centre for Reparative Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yunhua Shi
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Kaitlyn Sadtler
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Department of Anesthesiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Wenting Gao
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Jiaqi Lin
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Joshua C Doloff
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Department of Anesthesiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Departments of Biomedical & Materials Science Engineering, Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Wilmer Eye Institute and the Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Robert Langer
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Department of Anesthesiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Harvard-MIT Division of Health Science and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Daniel G Anderson
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA. .,Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA. .,Department of Anesthesiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA. .,Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA. .,Harvard-MIT Division of Health Science and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
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Sharma PC, Sinhmar A, Sharma A, Rajak H, Pathak DP. Medicinal significance of benzothiazole scaffold: an insight view. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2012; 28:240-66. [PMID: 23030043 DOI: 10.3109/14756366.2012.720572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Heterocycles bearing nitrogen, sulphur and thiazole moieties constitute the core structure of a number of biologically interesting compounds. Benzothiazole, a group of xenobiotic compounds containing a benzene ring fused with a thiazole ring, are used worldwide for a variety of therapeutic applications. Benzothiazole and their heterocyclic derivatives represent an important class of compounds possessing a wide spectrum of biological activities. The myriad spectrum of medicinal properties associated with benzothiazole related drugs has encouraged the medicinal chemists to synthesize a large number of novel therapeutic agents. Several analogues containing benzothiazole ring system exhibit significant antitumour, antimicrobial, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, anticonvulsant, antiviral, antioxidant, antitubercular, antimalarial, antiasthmatic, anthelmintic, photosensitizing, diuretic, analgesic and other activities. This article is an attempt to present the research work reported in recent scientific literature on different pharmacological activities of benzothiazole compounds.
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