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Novichikhina NP, Shestakov AS, Skoptsova AA, Ashrafova ZE, Stolpovskaya NV, Kosheleva EA, Shatalov GV, Ledenyova IV, Shikhaliev KS. Synthesis of New 1-Hydroxy-4H-pyrrolo[3,2,1-ij]quinolin-2(1H)-one Derivatives. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070428021100043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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2
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Raj M, Veerasamy N, Singh VK. Highly enantioselective synthesis of 3-cycloalkanone-3-hydroxy-2-oxindoles, potential anticonvulsants. Tetrahedron Lett 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2010.02.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Abid OUR, Qadeer G, Rama NH, Ruzicka A. 1-(3-Chlorobenzyl)-5-iodoindoline-2,3-dione. Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online 2008; 64:o2223. [PMID: 21581078 PMCID: PMC2959599 DOI: 10.1107/s1600536808034727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2008] [Accepted: 10/23/2008] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
In the title compound, C15H9ClINO2, which possesses anticonvulsant activity, the iodoindoline ring system is essentially planar (maximum deviation 1.245 Å) and is oriented with respect to the 3-chlorobenzyl ring at a dihedral angle of 76.59 (3)°. In the crystal, there is a π–π contact between iodoindoline ring systems [centroid–centroid distance = 3.8188 (4) Å].
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Deducing the bioactive face of hydantoin anticonvulsant drugs using NMR spectroscopy. Can J Neurol Sci 2008; 35:232-6. [PMID: 18574940 DOI: 10.1017/s0317167100008696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The general purpose of this study was to deduce the geometry of the bioactive face (pharmacophore) for the hydantoin class of anticonvulsants. METHODS Six hydantoin analogs, selected as probes of hydantoin structure, were synthesized. Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and molecular modelling calculations were used to determine the geometric relationship between the aromatic group and the amide group in the hydantoin pharmacophore. RESULTS In accord with both theoretical and experimental results, the biologically inactive hydantoin analogs containing a benzyl substituent existed in a folded conformation with the benzene flopped over the hydantoin ring. Conversely the biologically active hydantoins had a phenyl ring extended away from the hydantoin ring. CONCLUSIONS The bioactive face for hydantoins consists of a N(H)-C(=O)-X-phenyl molecular fragment, where X is a carbon or nitrogen atom and where the distance between the centre of the amide bond and the centroid of the phenyl ring is 4.3 A.
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Sano D, Nagata K, Itoh T. Catalytic Asymmetric Hydroxylation of Oxindoles by Molecular Oxygen Using a Phase-Transfer Catalyst. Org Lett 2008; 10:1593-5. [DOI: 10.1021/ol800260r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 215] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Sano
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Showa University, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8555, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Nagata
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Showa University, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8555, Japan
| | - Takashi Itoh
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Showa University, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8555, Japan
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De A. 5'-Chloro-spiro-[1,3-dioxolane-2,3'-indolin]-2'-one: a potential anti-convulsant. Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online 2008; 64:o562. [PMID: 21201905 PMCID: PMC2960872 DOI: 10.1107/s160053680800336x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2007] [Accepted: 01/30/2008] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The title compound, C10H8ClNO3, is a significant anticonvulsant agent. The indolinone system is essentially planar, the dihedral angle between the rings being 2.24 (8)°. The dioxolane ring adopts an envelope conformation; the dihedral angle between the plane through its four coplanar atoms and the indolinone system is 89.8 (1)°. The crystal structure is stabilized by a three-dimensional network of intermolecular N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amitabha De
- Department of Physics, Khalisani College, Chandannagar, Hooghly 712 138, India
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Thenmozhiyal JC, Wong PTH, Chui WK. Anticonvulsant activity of phenylmethylenehydantoins: a structure-activity relationship study. J Med Chem 2004; 47:1527-35. [PMID: 14998338 DOI: 10.1021/jm030450c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Phenylmethylenehydantoins (PMHs) and their des-phenyl analogues were synthesized and evaluated for anticonvulsant activity using the maximal electroshock seizure (MES) assay. The phenyl rings of PMHs were substituted with a wide spectrum of groups, and the selection of substituents was guided by Craig's plot. Phenylmethylenehydantoins substituted with alkyl (2, 3, 5, 6, 12, 14), halogeno (35, 38, 41), trifluoromethyl (11), and alkoxyl (23) groups at the phenyl ring were found to exhibit good anticonvulsant activity with ED(MES(2.5)) ranging from 28 to 90 mg/kg. Substitution of polar groups such as -NO(2), -CN, and -OH was found to be less active or inactive on PMHs. Replacement of the phenyl ring with heteroaromatic rings reduced or caused the loss of anticonvulsant activity. The study identified two PMHs, 14 (ED(MES(2.5)) = 28 +/- 2 mg/kg) and 12 (ED(MES(2.5)) = 39 +/- 4 mg/kg), to be the most active candidates of the series, which are comparable to phenytoin (55, ED(MES(2.5)) = 30 +/- 2 mg/kg) in their protection against seizure. Multivariate analysis performed on the whole series of 54 PMHs further supported the finding that the alkylated phenylmethylenehydantoins are the best acting compounds. The SAR model derived on the basis of 12 of the most active phenylmethylenehydantoins demonstrated good predicting ability (root-mean-square error of prediction (RMSEP) = 0.134; RMSEE = 0.057) and identified LUMO energy and the log P as critical parameters for their anticonvulsant activity.
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Kawasaki T, Nagaoka M, Satoh T, Okamoto A, Ukon R, Ogawa A. Synthesis of 3-hydroxyindolin-2-one alkaloids, (±)-donaxaridine and (±)-convolutamydines A and E, through enolization–Claisen rearrangement of 2-allyloxyindolin-3-ones. Tetrahedron 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2004.02.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Kapiller-Dezsőfi R, Volk B. Interpretation of substituent-induced13C NMR chemical shifts of oxindoles. NEW J CHEM 2004. [DOI: 10.1039/b403034f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Husemoen G, Olsson R, Andersson CM, Harvey SC, Hansen HC. Solution-Phase Parallel Wittig Olefination: Synthesis of Substituted 1,2-Diarylethanes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1021/cc0300210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gitte Husemoen
- ACADIA Pharmaceuticals A/S, Fabriksparken 58, DK-2600 Glostrup, Denmark, ACADIA Pharmaceuticals Inc., 3911 Sorrento Valley Boulevard, San Diego, California 92121-1402, and Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive Northwest, Calgary, Alberta, T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Roger Olsson
- ACADIA Pharmaceuticals A/S, Fabriksparken 58, DK-2600 Glostrup, Denmark, ACADIA Pharmaceuticals Inc., 3911 Sorrento Valley Boulevard, San Diego, California 92121-1402, and Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive Northwest, Calgary, Alberta, T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Carl-Magnus Andersson
- ACADIA Pharmaceuticals A/S, Fabriksparken 58, DK-2600 Glostrup, Denmark, ACADIA Pharmaceuticals Inc., 3911 Sorrento Valley Boulevard, San Diego, California 92121-1402, and Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive Northwest, Calgary, Alberta, T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Scott C. Harvey
- ACADIA Pharmaceuticals A/S, Fabriksparken 58, DK-2600 Glostrup, Denmark, ACADIA Pharmaceuticals Inc., 3911 Sorrento Valley Boulevard, San Diego, California 92121-1402, and Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive Northwest, Calgary, Alberta, T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Henrik C. Hansen
- ACADIA Pharmaceuticals A/S, Fabriksparken 58, DK-2600 Glostrup, Denmark, ACADIA Pharmaceuticals Inc., 3911 Sorrento Valley Boulevard, San Diego, California 92121-1402, and Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive Northwest, Calgary, Alberta, T2N 1N4, Canada
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Milne P, Hô M, Weaver DF. Interaction of anticonvulsant drugs with metals: a semi-empirical molecular orbital study of phenytoin–zinc(II) complexation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s0166-1280(98)00601-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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12
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Koz'minykh EN, Berezina ES, Kolla VÉ, Shelenkova SA, Voronina EV, Koz'minykh VO. Synthesis and biological activity of substituted 3-acylmethylene and 3-hydroxy-2-indolones. Pharm Chem J 1997. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02464708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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13
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Kieć-Kononowicz K, Karolak-Wojciechowska J, Mrozek A, Posel M. Synthesis, Structure and Properties of 5,5-Diphenyl-2,3,5,6-tetrahydroimidazo-[2,1-b]-imidazoline-3,6-dione. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 1995. [DOI: 10.1002/ardp.19953280608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Saxena AK, Saxena M. Developments in anticonvulsants. PROGRESS IN DRUG RESEARCH. FORTSCHRITTE DER ARZNEIMITTELFORSCHUNG. PROGRES DES RECHERCHES PHARMACEUTIQUES 1995; 44:185-291. [PMID: 7644666 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-0348-7161-7_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- A K Saxena
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India
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Pavone V, Lombardi A, Saviano M, Di Blasio B, Nastri F, Fattorusso R, Zaccaro L, Maglio O, Yamada T, Omote Y. Mixed conformation in C alpha, alpha-disubstituted tripeptides: x-ray crystal structures of Z-Aib-Dph-Gly-OMe and Bz-Dph-Dph-Gly-OMe. Biopolymers 1994; 34:1595-604. [PMID: 7849223 DOI: 10.1002/bip.360341204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
We report here the synthesis and molecular structure in the solid state of fully protected tripeptides containing C alpha, alpha-diphenylglycine (Dph), namely Z-Aib-Dph-Gly-OMe (Aib: C alpha, alpha-dimethylglycine) and Bz-Dph-Dph-Gly-OMe. The molecular conformation around the Dph residue, containing two bulky substituents, is fully extended, while the Aib residue, containing two smaller groups on the C alpha atom, adopts the typical 3(10)/alpha-helical conformation. Gly residues, without substituents on the C alpha atom, show different conformational preferences. Each residue seems to behave, from a conformational point of view, independently from the presence of the other residues, and thus mixed local conformations (folded and extended) are present in the crystals. The nonconventional peptide synthesis, using the Ugi reaction, is also reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Pavone
- Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca su Peptidi Bioattivi, University of Naples Federico II, Italy
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Kwiatkowski W, Karolak-Wojciechowska J. Use of molecular electrostatic potentials for analysis of anticonvulsant activities of phenylsuccinimides. SAR AND QSAR IN ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 1993; 1:233-244. [PMID: 8790636 DOI: 10.1080/10629369308028831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The present study was performed on a group of 27 derivatives of phenylsuccinimides, of which only 12 were active against maximal electrical shock in spite of the structural similarities of these compounds. The work consisted of four main parts: 1. crystallographic investigations of a subset of chosen compounds; 2. conformational analysis of characteristic molecules from the investigated series, performed by means of molecular mechanics calculations; 3. molecular orbital optimization of all the molecules using the MNDO method starting with conformations obtained in 2; 4. molecular electrostatic potential (MEP) analysis which was performed on the semiempirical (MNDO) and ab initio levels. This research showed that MEP maps provide a signature that distinguishes between active and inactive compounds. There are MEP minima close to the two carbonyl oxygens of the imide ring, and although the magnitude of the difference between the two minima is approximately constant, the sign of the difference provides an activity index. The initial orientations of phenylsuccinimide molecules in relation to the receptor are not equivalent and they depend on the potential distribution around both the succinimide molecules and around the receptor. In the active compounds the negative potential difference at the discussed points most probably influences the initial set-up of the molecules in relation to the receptor and results in a considerably higher probability of the molecules being bound at the right place on the receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Kwiatkowski
- Institute of General Chemistry, Technical University of Lódź, Poland
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Weaver DF. Applications of molecular physics ‘biotechnology’ to the rational design of an improved phenytoin analogue. Seizure 1992; 1:223-46. [PMID: 1344772 DOI: 10.1016/1059-1311(92)90032-v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This study exploits molecular physics, in conjunction with a large scale computing environment, as a tool for understanding the clinical phenomenology of phenytoin (PHT) toxicology at a molecular level and for employing this understanding in an attempt to design improved drugs. The application of molecular physics techniques, such as quantum mechanics and molecular force field calculations, to the process of rational anticonvulsant drug design remains virtually unexplored. A 3-step strategy for applying these techniques to the design of an improved PHT molecule is presented. Step 1 employs quantitative structure-activity relationship calculations on 80 PHT analogues to ascertain the portion of the PHT molecule necessary for bioactivity (i.e. the 'bioactive face' of PHT); the N3-C4(O)-C5-R fragment of PHT was identified as the bioactive face. Step 2 employs molecular modelling studies to determine the portion of the PHT molecule necessary for the teratogenic, mutagenic and connective tissue toxicities of PHT (i.e. the 'biotoxic face'); the C2(O)-N3 fragment of PHT was identified as the biotoxic face. Step 3 experiments design an 'improved' PHT analogue, which maintains the bioactive face while eliminating the integrity of the biotoxic face; 2-deoxy-5,5-diphenylhydantoin was designed and synthesized as the improved PHT analogue. This compound had biological activity equivalent to PHT, but was unable to bind to nucleic acids or to chelate metals involved in connective tissue metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- D F Weaver
- Department of Medicine (Neurology), Queen's University Epileptic Clinic, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
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Abstract
A pattern recognition structure-activity study employing topological, geometric and physicochemical descriptors was performed on 27 acyclic ureide anticonvulsants. Twelve numerical descriptors were used as variables in a discriminant function analysis which categorized the ureide analogues with respect to their bioactivity. The results from the discriminant function analysis were interpreted to support a model for antiepileptic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Khalil
- Department of Chemistry, Queen's University, Kingston, Canada
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Crisma M, Valle G, Bonora GM, De Menego E, Toniolo C, Lelj F, Barone V, Fraternal F. Structural versatility of peptides from C?,?-disubstituted glycines: Preferred conformation of the C?,?-diphenylglycine residue. Biopolymers 1990. [DOI: 10.1002/bip.360300103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Chapter 2. Anticonvulsant Agents. ANNUAL REPORTS IN MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY 1985. [DOI: 10.1016/s0065-7743(08)61028-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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