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Das M, Ward GW, Sulima A, Luo D, Prisinzano TE, Imler GH, Kerr AT, Jacobson AE, Rice KC. Potent MOR Agonists from 2'-Hydroxy-5,9-dimethyl- N-phenethyl Substituted-6,7-benzomorphans and from C8-Hydroxy, Methylene and Methyl Derivatives of N-Phenethylnormetazocine. Molecules 2023; 28:7709. [PMID: 38067439 PMCID: PMC10708259 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28237709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
(-)-5,9-Dimethyl-6,7-benzomorphan (normetazocine) derivatives with a para-OH or ortho-F substituent in the aromatic ring of the N-phenethyl moiety were synthesized and found to have subnanomolar potency at MOR, and both were fully efficacious in vitro. These new compounds, (1R,5R,9R)-6,11-dimethyl-3-(2-fluorophenethyl)-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexahydro-2,6-methanobenzo[d]azocin-8-ol and (1R,5R,9R)-6,11-dimethyl-3-(4-hydroxyphenethyl)-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexahydro-2,6-methanobenzo[d]azocin-8-ol, were more potent than the unsubstituted compound N-phenethylnormetazocine and about 30 or 40 times more potent than morphine, respectively. A variety of substituents in the ortho, meta, or para position in the aromatic ring of the N-phenethyl moiety were synthesized, 25 of these compounds, and found to have varying effects on potency and efficacy as determined by the forskolin-induced cAMP accumulation assay. The N-phenethyl moiety was also modified by increasing chain length to form a N-phenylpropyl side chain with and without a para-nitro moiety, and by an N-cinnamyl side chain. Also, an indole ethylamine normetazocine was synthesized to replace the N-phenethylamine side chain in normetazocine. The phenylpropylamine, propenylamine (cinnamyl) and the para-nitropropylamine had little or no MOR potency. The indole-ethylamine on the normetazocine nucleus, however, had moderate potency (MOR EC50 = 12 nM), and was fully efficacious (%Emax = 102%) in the cAMP assay. Retention of the N-phenethyl moiety and the addition of alkyl and alkenyl moieties on C8 in (-)-N-phenethylnormetazocine gave a C8-methylene derivative that had subnanomolar potency at MOR and a C8-methyl analog that had nanomolar potency. Five C8-substituted compounds were synthesized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhurima Das
- Drug Design and Synthesis Section, Molecular Targets and Medications Discovery Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse and the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, 9800 Medical Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (M.D.); (G.W.W.); (A.S.)
| | - George W. Ward
- Drug Design and Synthesis Section, Molecular Targets and Medications Discovery Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse and the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, 9800 Medical Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (M.D.); (G.W.W.); (A.S.)
| | - Agnieszka Sulima
- Drug Design and Synthesis Section, Molecular Targets and Medications Discovery Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse and the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, 9800 Medical Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (M.D.); (G.W.W.); (A.S.)
| | - Dan Luo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, 789 S. Limestone Street, Lexington, KY 40536, USA; (D.L.); (T.E.P.)
| | - Thomas Edward Prisinzano
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, 789 S. Limestone Street, Lexington, KY 40536, USA; (D.L.); (T.E.P.)
| | - Gregory H. Imler
- Center for Biomolecular Science and Engineering, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 20375, USA; (G.H.I.); (A.T.K.)
| | - Andrew T. Kerr
- Center for Biomolecular Science and Engineering, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 20375, USA; (G.H.I.); (A.T.K.)
| | - Arthur E. Jacobson
- Drug Design and Synthesis Section, Molecular Targets and Medications Discovery Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse and the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, 9800 Medical Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (M.D.); (G.W.W.); (A.S.)
| | - Kenner C. Rice
- Drug Design and Synthesis Section, Molecular Targets and Medications Discovery Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse and the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, 9800 Medical Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (M.D.); (G.W.W.); (A.S.)
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2
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Noor R, Zahoor AF, Mansha A, Khan SG, Haq AU, Ahmad S, Al-Hussain SA, Irfan A, Zaki MEA. Synthetic Potential of Regio- and Stereoselective Ring Expansion Reactions of Six-Membered Carbo- and Heterocyclic Ring Systems: A Review. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076692. [PMID: 37047665 PMCID: PMC10094819 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Ring expansion reactions fascinate synthetic chemists owing to their importance in synthesizing biologically active compounds and their efficacy in medicinal chemistry. The present review summarizes a number of synthetic methodologies, including stereoselective and regioselective pathways adopted by scientists, for framing medium- to large-size carbo- and heterocycles involving lactams, lactone, azepine and azulene derivatives via ring expansion of six-membered carbo- and heterocycles that have been reported from 2007–2022. Numerous rearrangement and cycloaddition reactions involving Tiffeneau–Demjanov rearrangement, Aza–Claisen rearrangement, Schmidt rearrangement, Beckmann rearrangement, etc., have been described in this regard.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rida Noor
- Department of Chemistry, Government College, University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Ameer Fawad Zahoor
- Department of Chemistry, Government College, University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Asim Mansha
- Department of Chemistry, Government College, University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Samreen Gul Khan
- Department of Chemistry, Government College, University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Atta Ul Haq
- Department of Chemistry, Government College, University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Sajjad Ahmad
- Department of Chemistry, University of Engineering and Technology Lahore, Faisalabad Campus, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Sami A. Al-Hussain
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 11623, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Irfan
- Department of Chemistry, Government College, University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Magdi E. A. Zaki
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 11623, Saudi Arabia
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3
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Pasquinucci L, Parenti C, Georgoussi Z, Reina L, Tomarchio E, Turnaturi R. LP1 and LP2: Dual-Target MOPr/DOPr Ligands as Drug Candidates for Persistent Pain Relief. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26144168. [PMID: 34299443 PMCID: PMC8305117 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26144168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Although persistent pain is estimated to affect about 20% of the adult population, current treatments have poor results. Polypharmacology, which is the administration of more than one drug targeting on two or more different sites of action, represents a prominent therapeutic approach for the clinical management of persistent pain. Thus, in the drug discovery process the "one-molecule-multiple targets" strategy nowadays is highly recognized. Indeed, multitarget ligands displaying a better antinociceptive activity with fewer side effects, combined with favorable pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic characteristics, have already been shown. Multitarget ligands possessing non-opioid/opioid and opioid/opioid mechanisms of action are considered as potential drug candidates for the management of various pain conditions. In particular, dual-target MOPr (mu opioid peptide receptor)/DOPr (delta opioid peptide receptor) ligands exhibit an improved antinociceptive profile associated with a reduced tolerance-inducing capability. The benzomorphan-based compounds LP1 and LP2 belong to this class of dual-target MOPr/DOPr ligands. In the present manuscript, the structure-activity relationships and the pharmacological fingerprint of LP1 and LP2 compounds as suitable drug candidates for persistent pain relief is described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorella Pasquinucci
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, Medicinal Chemistry Section, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
- Correspondence: (L.P.); (R.T.); Tel.: +39-095-738-4273 (L.P. & R.T.)
| | - Carmela Parenti
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy;
| | - Zafiroula Georgoussi
- Laboratory of Cellular Signaling and Molecular Pharmacology, Institute of Biosciences and Applications, National Centre for Scientific Research “Demokritos” Ag. Paraskevi-Attikis, 15310 Athens, Greece;
| | - Lorena Reina
- Postgraduate School of Clinical Pharmacology, Toxicology University of Catania, via S. Sofia n. 97, 95100 Catania, Italy;
| | - Emilia Tomarchio
- Postgraduate School of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, University of Milan, Via Francesco Sforza, 35, 20122 Milan, Italy;
| | - Rita Turnaturi
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, Medicinal Chemistry Section, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
- Correspondence: (L.P.); (R.T.); Tel.: +39-095-738-4273 (L.P. & R.T.)
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4
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Wu Z, Hruby VJ. Toward a Universal μ-Agonist Template for Template-Based Alignment Modeling of Opioid Ligands. ACS OMEGA 2019; 4:17457-17476. [PMID: 31656918 PMCID: PMC6812133 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b02244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Opioid ligands are a large group of G-protein-coupled receptor ligands possessing high structural diversity, along with complicated structure-activity relationships (SARs). To better understand their structural correlations as well as the related SARs, we developed the innovative template-based alignment modeling in our recent studies on a variety of opioid ligands. As previously reported, this approach showed promise but also with limitations, which was mainly attributed to the small size of morphine as a template. With this study, we set out to construct an artificial μ-agonist template to overcome this limitation. The newly constructed template contained a largely extended scaffold, along with a few special μ-features relevant to the μ-selectivity of opioid ligands. As demonstrated in this paper, the new template showed significantly improved efficacy in facilitating the alignment modeling of a wide variety of opioid ligands. This report comprises of two main parts. Part 1 discusses the general construction process and the structural features as well as a few typical examples of the template applications and Part 2 focuses on the template refinement and validation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijun Wu
- ABC Resource, Plainsboro, New Jersey 08536, United States
- E-mail:
| | - Victor J. Hruby
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85716, United States
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5
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Wu WT, Han Y, Sun J, Yan CG. Efficient construction of pyrrolo[1′,2′:1,2]azocino[4,5-c]quinolines via cascade cycloaddition and annulation reaction. Org Chem Front 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9qo00891h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Novel polysubstituted pyrrolo[1′,2′:1,2]azocino[4,5-c]quinolines were efficiently synthesized by a three-component reaction in refluxing methanol and a sequential domino annulation in refluxing acetonitrile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Tao Wu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Yangzhou University
- Yangzhou
- China
| | - Ying Han
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Yangzhou University
- Yangzhou
- China
| | - Jing Sun
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Yangzhou University
- Yangzhou
- China
| | - Chao-Guo Yan
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Yangzhou University
- Yangzhou
- China
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6
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Benzomorphan scaffold for opioid analgesics and pharmacological tools development: A comprehensive review. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 148:410-422. [PMID: 29477074 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.02.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2017] [Revised: 02/12/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Benzomorphan, derived by morphine skeleton simplification, has been the subject of exploration in medicinal chemistry for the development of new drugs and pharmacological tools to explore opioid pharmacology in vitro and in vivo. Building upon these evidences, the design and synthesis of benzomorphan-based compounds, appropriately modified at the basic nitrogen and/or the phenolic hydroxyl (8-OH) group, represent a valid and versatile strategy to obtain analgesics. In this review, to improve the body of information in this field, we report structure activity-relationships (SARs) of benzomorphan-based compounds analysing data literature of last 25 years. Collectively, SARs data highlighted that the benzomorphan nucleus represents a template in the achievement of a specific functional profile, by modifying N-substituent or 8-OH group.
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7
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Bidlack JM. Mixed κ/μ partial opioid agonists as potential treatments for cocaine dependence. ADVANCES IN PHARMACOLOGY (SAN DIEGO, CALIF.) 2014; 69:387-418. [PMID: 24484983 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-420118-7.00010-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Cocaine use activates the dopamine reward pathway, leading to the reinforcing effects of dopamine. There is no FDA-approved medication for treating cocaine dependence. Opioid agonists and antagonists have been approved for treating opioid and alcohol dependence. Agonists that activate the μ opioid receptor increase dopamine levels in the nucleus accumbens, while μ receptor antagonists decrease dopamine levels by blocking the effects of endogenous opioid peptides. Activation of the κ opioid receptor decreases dopamine levels and leads to dysphoria. In contrast, inhibition of the κ opioid receptor decreases dopamine levels in the nucleus accumbens. Antagonists acting at the κ receptor reduce stress-mediated behaviors and anxiety. Mixed partial μ/κ agonists have the potential of striking a balance between dopamine levels and attenuating relapse to cocaine. The pharmacological properties of mixed μ/κ opioid receptor agonists will be discussed and results from clinical and preclinical studies will be presented. Results from studies with some of the classical benzomorphans and morphinans will be presented as they lay the foundation for structure-activity relationships. Recent results with other partial opioid agonists, including buprenorphine derivatives and the mixed μ/κ peptide CJ-15,208, will be discussed. The behavioral effects of the mixed μ/κ MCL-741, an aminothiazolomorphinan, in attenuating cocaine-induced locomotor activity will be presented. While not a mixed μ/κ opioid, results obtained with GSK1521498, a μ receptor inverse agonist, will be discussed. Preclinical strategies and successes will lay the groundwork for the further development of mixed μ/κ opioid receptor agonists to treat cocaine dependence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean M Bidlack
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, USA.
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8
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VanAlstine MA, Wentland MP, Alvarez J, Cao Q, Cohen DJ, Knapp BI, Bidlack JM. Redefining the structure-activity relationships of 2,6-methano-3-benzazocines. Part 9: Synthesis, characterization and molecular modeling of pyridinyl isosteres of N-BPE-8-CAC (1), a high affinity ligand for opioid receptors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2013; 23:2128-33. [PMID: 23434225 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2013.01.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2012] [Accepted: 01/24/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Derivatives of the lead compound N-BPE-8-CAC (1) where each CH of the biphenyl group was individually replaced by N were prepared in hopes of identifying high affinity ligands with improved aqueous solubility. Compared to 1, binding affinities of the five possible pyridinyl derivatives for the μ opioid receptor were between threefold lower to fivefold higher with the Ki of the most potent compound being 0.064 nM. Docking of 8-CAC (2) into the unliganded binding site of the mouse μ opioid receptor (pdb: 4DKL) revealed that 8-CAC and β-FNA (from 4DKL) make nearly identical interactions with the receptor. However, for 1 and the new pyridinyl derivatives 4-8, binding is not tolerated in the 8-CAC binding mode due to the steric constraints of the large N-substituents. Either an alternative binding mode or rearrangement of the protein to accommodate these modifications may account for their high binding affinity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa A VanAlstine
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180, USA
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9
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Wentland MP, Jo S, Gargano JM, VanAlstine MA, Cohen DJ, Bidlack JM. Redefining the structure-activity relationships of 2,6-methano-3-benzazocines. Part 8. High affinity ligands for opioid receptors in the picomolar Ki range: oxygenated N-(2-[1,1'-biphenyl]-4-ylethyl) analogues of 8-CAC. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2012; 22:7340-4. [PMID: 23142613 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2012.10.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2012] [Revised: 10/13/2012] [Accepted: 10/16/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
N-[2-(4'-methoxy[1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl)ethyl]-8-CAC (1) is a high affinity (K(i)=0.084 nM) ligand for the μ opioid receptor and served as the lead compound for this study. Analogues of 1 were made in hopes of identifying an SAR within a series of oxygenated (distal) phenyl derivatives. A number of new analogues were made having single-digit pM affinity for the μ receptor. The most potent was the 3',4'-methylenedioxy analogue 18 (K(i)=1.6 pM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark P Wentland
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180, USA.
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10
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Fang B, Zheng H, Zhao C, Jing P, Li H, Xie X, She X. Synthesis of the Tetracyclic Core (ABCE Rings) of Daphenylline. J Org Chem 2012; 77:8367-73. [DOI: 10.1021/jo301533f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bowen Fang
- State Key Laboratory
of Applied
Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, PR China
| | - Huaiji Zheng
- State Key Laboratory
of Applied
Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, PR China
| | - Changgui Zhao
- State Key Laboratory
of Applied
Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, PR China
| | - Peng Jing
- State Key Laboratory
of Applied
Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, PR China
| | - Huilin Li
- State Key Laboratory
of Applied
Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, PR China
| | - Xingang Xie
- State Key Laboratory
of Applied
Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, PR China
| | - Xuegong She
- State Key Laboratory
of Applied
Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, PR China
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo
Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000,
PR China
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11
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Abstract
Twin and triplet drugs are defined as compounds that contain respectively two and three pharmacophore components exerting pharmacological effects in a molecule. The twin drug bearing the same pharmacophores is a "symmetrical twin drug", whereas that possessing different pharmacophores is a "nonsymmetrical twin drug." In general, the symmetrical twin drug is expected to produce more potent and/or selective pharmacological effects, whereas the nonsymmetrical twin drug is anticipated to show both pharmacological activities stemming from the individual pharmacophores (dual action). On the other hand, nonsymmetrical triplet drugs, which have two of the same pharmacophores and one different moiety, are expected to elicit both increased pharmacological action and dual action. The two identical portions could bind the same receptor sites simultaneously while the third portion could bind a different receptor site or enzyme. This review will mainly focus on the twin and triplet drugs with an evaluation of their in vivo pharmacological effects, and will also include a description of their pharmacology and synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideaki Fujii
- School of Pharmacy, Kitasato University, 5-9-1, Shirokane, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8641, Japan.
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12
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Fulton BS, Knapp BL, Bidlack JM, Neumeyer JL. Effect of linker substitution on the binding of butorphan univalent and bivalent ligands to opioid receptors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2010; 20:1507-9. [PMID: 20144870 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2010.01.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2009] [Revised: 01/15/2010] [Accepted: 01/19/2010] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
A series of bivalent hydroxy ether butorphan ligands were prepared and their binding affinities at the opioid receptors determined. Addition of a hydroxy group to a hydrocarbon chain can potentiate binding affinity up to 27- and 86-fold at the mu and kappa opioid receptors, respectively. Two bivalent ligands with sub-nanomolar binding affinity at the mu and kappa opioid receptors were discovered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian S Fulton
- Alcohol and Drug Abuse Research Center, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 115 Mill Street, Belmont, MA 02478, USA.
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13
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Decker M, Si YG, Knapp BI, Bidlack JM, Neumeyer JL. Synthesis and opioid receptor binding affinities of 2-substituted and 3-aminomorphinans: ligands for mu, kappa, and delta opioid receptors. J Med Chem 2010; 53:402-18. [PMID: 19928862 PMCID: PMC2814335 DOI: 10.1021/jm9013482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The phenolic group of the potent mu and kappa opioid morphinan agonist/antagonists cyclorphan and butorphan was replaced by phenylamino and benzylamino groups including compounds with para-substituents in the benzene ring. These compounds are highly potent mu and kappa ligands, e.g., p-methoxyphenylaminocyclorphan showing a K(i) of 0.026 nM at the mu receptor and a K(i) of 0.03 nM at the kappa receptor. Phenyl carbamates and phenylureas were synthesized and investigated. Selective o-formylation of butorphan and levorphanol was achieved. This reaction opened the way to a large set of 2-substituted 3-hydroxymorphinans, including 2-hydroxymethyl-, 2-aminomethyl-, and N-substituted 2-aminomethyl-3-hydroxymorphinans. Bivalent ligands bridged in the 2-position were also synthesized and connected with secondary and tertiary aminomethyl groups, amide bonds, and hydroxymethylene groups, respectively. Although most of the 2-substituted morphinans showed considerably lower affinities compared to their parent compounds, the bivalent ligand approach led to significantly higher affinities compared to the univalent 2-substituted morphinans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Decker
- Alcohol & Drug Abuse Research Center, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 115 Mill Street, Belmont, MA 02478-9106 USA
| | - Yu-Gui Si
- Alcohol & Drug Abuse Research Center, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 115 Mill Street, Belmont, MA 02478-9106 USA
| | - Brian I. Knapp
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Jean M. Bidlack
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - John L. Neumeyer
- Alcohol & Drug Abuse Research Center, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 115 Mill Street, Belmont, MA 02478-9106 USA
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14
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Berezowska I, Chung NN, Lemieux C, Wilkes BC, Schiller PW. Agonist vs antagonist behavior of delta opioid peptides containing novel phenylalanine analogues in place of Tyr(1). J Med Chem 2009; 52:6941-5. [PMID: 19827750 DOI: 10.1021/jm9004913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The novel phenylalanine analogues 4'-[N-((4'-phenyl)phenethyl)carboxamido]phenylalanine (Bcp) and 2',6'-dimethyl-4'-[N-((4'-phenyl)phenethyl)carboxamido]phenylalanine (Dbcp) were substituted for Tyr(1) in the delta opioid antagonist TIPP (H-Tyr-Tic-Phe-Phe-OH; Tic = tetrahydroisoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid). Unexpectedly, [Bcp(1)]TIPP was a potent, selective delta opioid agonist, whereas [Dbcp(1)]TIPP retained high delta antagonist activity. Receptor docking studies indicated similar binding modes for the two peptides except for the biphenylethyl moiety which occupied distinct receptor subsites. The dipeptide H-Dbcp-Tic-OH was a highly selective delta antagonist with subnanomolar delta receptor affinity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irena Berezowska
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Peptide Research, Clinical Research Institute of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec H2W 1R7, Canada
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15
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Wentland MP, Lou R, Lu Q, Bu Y, Denhardt C, Jin J, Ganorkar R, VanAlstine MA, Guo C, Cohen DJ, Bidlack JM. Syntheses of novel high affinity ligands for opioid receptors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2009; 19:2289-94. [PMID: 19282177 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2009.02.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2009] [Revised: 02/19/2009] [Accepted: 02/20/2009] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
A series of novel high affinity opioid receptor ligands have been made whereby the phenolic-OH group of nalbuphine, naltrexone methiodide, 6-desoxonaltrexone, hydromorphone and naltrindole was replaced by a carboxamido group and the furan ring was opened to the corresponding 4-OH derivatives. These furan ring 'open' derivatives display very high affinity for mu and kappa receptors and much less affinity for delta. The observation that these target compounds have much higher receptor affinity than the corresponding ring 'closed' carboxamides significantly strengthens our underlying pharmacophore hypothesis concerning the bioactive conformation of the carboxamide group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark P Wentland
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180, USA.
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Wentland MP, Lu Q, Ganorkar R, Zhang SZ, Jo S, Cohen DJ, Bidlack JM. Redefining the structure-activity relationships of 2,6-methano-3-benzazocines. Part 7: syntheses and opioid receptor properties of cyclic variants of cyclazocine. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2008; 19:365-8. [PMID: 19091564 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2008.11.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2008] [Revised: 11/18/2008] [Accepted: 11/20/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
A series of 7,8- and 8,9-fused triazole and imidazole analogues of cyclazocine have been made and characterized in opioid receptor binding and [(35)S]GTPgammaS assays. Target compounds were designed to explore the SAR surrounding our lead molecule for this study, namely the 8,9-fused pyrrolo analogue 2 of cyclazocine. Compared to 2, many of the new compounds in this study displayed very high affinity for opioid receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark P Wentland
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 110 8th St., Troy, NY 12180, USA.
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Wentland MP, Lou R, Lu Q, Bu Y, VanAlstine MA, Cohen DJ, Bidlack JM. Syntheses and opioid receptor binding properties of carboxamido-substituted opioids. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2008; 19:203-8. [PMID: 19027293 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2008.10.134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2008] [Revised: 10/22/2008] [Accepted: 10/27/2008] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
A series of 15 novel opioid derivatives were made where the prototypic phenolic-OH group of traditional opioids was replaced by a carboxamido (CONH(2)) group. For 2,6-methano-3-benzazocines and morphinans similar or, in a few instances, enhanced affinity for mu, delta and kappa opioid receptors was observed when the OH-->CONH(2) switch was applied. For 4,5alpha-epoxymorphinans, binding affinities for the corresponding carboxamide derivatives were much lower than the OH partner consistent with our pharmacophore hypothesis concerning carboxamide bioactive conformation. The active metabolite of tramadol and its carboxamide counterpart had comparable affinities for the three receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark P Wentland
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180, USA.
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Weltrowska G, Nguyen TMD, Lemieux C, Chung NN, Schiller* PW. Potent Opioid Peptide Agonists Containing 4′-[N-((4′-phenyl)-phenethyl)carboxamido]phenylalanine (Bcp) in Place of Tyr. Chem Biol Drug Des 2008; 72:337-40. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1747-0285.2008.00720.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Odell LR, Sävmarker J, Larhed M. Microwave-promoted aminocarbonylation of aryl triflates using Mo(CO)6 as a solid CO source. Tetrahedron Lett 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2008.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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20
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Fulton BS, Knapp BI, Bidlack JM, Neumeyer JL. Synthesis and pharmacological evaluation of hydrophobic esters and ethers of butorphanol at opioid receptors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2008; 18:4474-6. [PMID: 18674902 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2008.07.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2008] [Revised: 07/11/2008] [Accepted: 07/14/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
We synthesized several hydrophobic esters and ethers of butorphanol and assessed their affinities at opioid receptors in CHO cell membranes. Tested compounds displayed moderate to high affinities to the mu and kappa receptors. The findings accord with previous evidence of a lipophilic binding pocket in the opioid receptors that can be accessed to afford good binding affinity without the need for a phenolic hydrogen-bond donor group. The most potent (K(i)=61 pM at mu and 48 pM at kappa) novel agent was (-)-N-cyclobutylmethylmorphinan-3-yl-14-ol phenoxyacetate (4d).
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian S Fulton
- Alcohol and Drug Abuse Research Center, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 115 Mill Street, Belmont, MA 02478, USA
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Redefining the structure-activity relationships of 2,6-methano-3-benzazocines. Part 6: Opioid receptor binding properties of cyclic variants of 8-carboxamidocyclazocine. Bioorg Med Chem 2008; 16:5653-64. [PMID: 18417347 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2008.03.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2008] [Revised: 03/24/2008] [Accepted: 03/25/2008] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
A series of 7,8- and 8,9-fused pyrimidinone, aminopyrimidine and pyridone derivatives of 8-carboxamidocyclazocine (8-CAC) have been prepared and evaluated in opioid receptor binding assays. Targets were designed to corroborate a pharmacophore hypothesis regarding the bioactive conformation of the carboxamide of 8-CAC. In addition to the results from this study strongly supporting this pharmacophore hypothesis, a number of novel compounds with high affinity to opioid receptors have been identified.
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Abstract
This paper is the 29th consecutive installment of the annual review of research concerning the endogenous opioid system, now spanning 30 years of research. It summarizes papers published during 2006 that studied the behavioral effects of molecular, pharmacological and genetic manipulation of opioid peptides, opioid receptors, opioid agonists and opioid antagonists. The particular topics that continue to be covered include the molecular-biochemical effects and neurochemical localization studies of endogenous opioids and their receptors related to behavior (Section 2), and the roles of these opioid peptides and receptors in pain and analgesia (Section 3); stress and social status (Section 4); tolerance and dependence (Section 5); learning and memory (Section 6); eating and drinking (Section 7); alcohol and drugs of abuse (Section 8); sexual activity and hormones, pregnancy, development and endocrinology (Section 9); mental illness and mood (Section 10); seizures and neurological disorders (Section 11); electrical-related activity and neurophysiology (Section 12); general activity and locomotion (Section 13); gastrointestinal, renal and hepatic functions (Section 14); cardiovascular responses (Section 15); respiration and thermoregulation (Section 16); and immunological responses (Section 17).
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard J Bodnar
- Department of Psychology and Neuropsychology Doctoral Sub-Program, Queens College, City University of New York, CUNY, 65-30 Kissena Blvd., Flushing, NY 11367, United States.
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Voskressensky LG, Listratova AV, Borisova TN, Alexandrov GG, Varlamov AV. Synthesis of Benzoazocines from Substituted Tetrahydroisoquinolines and Activated Alkynes in a Tetrahydropyridine Ring Expansion. European J Org Chem 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200700602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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VanAlstine MA, Wentland MP, Cohen DJ, Bidlack JM. Redefining the structure-activity relationships of 2,6-methano-3-benzazocines. 5. Opioid receptor binding properties of N-((4'-phenyl)-phenethyl) analogues of 8-CAC. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2007; 17:6516-20. [PMID: 17935988 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2007.09.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2007] [Revised: 09/22/2007] [Accepted: 09/25/2007] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A series of aryl-containing N-monosubstituted analogues of the lead compound 8-[N-((4'-phenyl)-phenethyl)]-carboxamidocyclazocine were synthesized and evaluated to probe a putative hydrophobic binding pocket of opioid receptors. Very high binding affinity to the mu opioid receptor was achieved though the N-(2-(4'-methoxybiphenyl-4-yl)ethyl) analogue of 8-CAC. High binding affinity to mu and very high binding affinity to kappa opioid receptors was observed for the N-(3-bromophenethyl) analogue of 8-CAC. High binding affinity to all three opioid receptors were observed for the N-(2-naphthylethyl) analogue of 8-CAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa A VanAlstine
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180, USA
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Dolle RE, Michaut M, Martinez-Teipel B, Belanger S, Graczyk TM, DeHaven RN. Further studies of tyrosine surrogates in opioid receptor peptide ligands. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2007; 17:2656-60. [PMID: 17350835 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2007.01.092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2006] [Revised: 01/29/2007] [Accepted: 01/30/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
A series of opioid peptide ligands containing modified N-terminal tyrosine (Tyr) residues was prepared and evaluated against cloned human mu, delta, and kappa opioid receptors. This work extends the recent discovery that (S)-4-carboxamidophenylalanine (Cpa) is an effective tyrosine bioisostere. Amino acids containing negatively charged functional groups in place of tyrosine's phenolic hydroxyl lacked receptor affinity, while exchange of Tyr for (S)-4-aminophenylalanine was modestly successful. Peptides containing the new amino acids, (S)-4-carboxamido-2,6-dimethylphenylalanine (Cdp) and (S)-beta-(2-aminobenzo[d]thiazol-6-yl)alanine (Aba), displayed binding (K(i)) and functional (EC(50)) profiles comparable to the parent ligands at the three receptors. Cdp represents the best performing Tyr surrogate in terms of overall activity, while Cpa and Aba show a subtle proclivity toward the delta receptor.
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MESH Headings
- Chemistry, Pharmaceutical/methods
- Cloning, Molecular
- Drug Design
- Humans
- Hydrogen Bonding
- Kinetics
- Ligands
- Models, Chemical
- Molecular Conformation
- Peptides/chemistry
- Receptors, Opioid/chemistry
- Receptors, Opioid, delta/chemistry
- Receptors, Opioid, kappa/chemistry
- Receptors, Opioid, mu/chemistry
- Tyrosine/chemistry
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Affiliation(s)
- Roland E Dolle
- Department of Chemistry, Adolor Corporation, 700 Pennsylvania Drive, Exton, PA 19341, USA.
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