1
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Carneiro LM, Bartoloni FH, Angolini CFF, Keppler AF. Solvent-free synthesis of nitrone-containing template as a chemosensor for selective detection of Cu(II) in water. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2022; 267:120473. [PMID: 34715559 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2021.120473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A state-of-the-art method was developed for repurposing nitrone-containing compounds in the chemosensory field, the ability of the designed molecules to chelate metal cations was evaluated, and their unprecedented solubility in water was confirmed. A facile, rapid, and solvent-free method of synthesizing small molecular mass chemosensors was developed by using a modulative α-aryl-N-aryl nitrone template. α-(Z)-Imidazol-4-ylmethylen-N-phenyl nitrone (Nit1) and α-(Z)-2-pyridyl-N-phenyl nitrone (Nit2) were prepared in 15 min, isolated in less than 60 min with ca. 90% yield, and screened against nine metal cations. Nit1 is a small-molecular-mass compound (188 g mol-1) that is water-soluble and has specificity for sensing Cu2+ with an association constant of K = 1.53 × 1010 and a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.06 ppm. These properties make Nit1 a competitive chemosensor for the detection of Cu2+ in aqueous solution. The nitrone-containing template used in this study is a step forward for new and small chemosensory entities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo M Carneiro
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal do ABC, Avenida dos Estados 5001, Santo André, SP ZIP CODE 09210-580, Brazil
| | - Fernando H Bartoloni
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal do ABC, Avenida dos Estados 5001, Santo André, SP ZIP CODE 09210-580, Brazil
| | - Célio F F Angolini
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal do ABC, Avenida dos Estados 5001, Santo André, SP ZIP CODE 09210-580, Brazil
| | - Artur F Keppler
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal do ABC, Avenida dos Estados 5001, Santo André, SP ZIP CODE 09210-580, Brazil.
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2
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Gerengi H, Solomon MM, Öztürk S, Yıldırım A, Gece G, Kaya E. Evaluation of the corrosion inhibiting efficacy of a newly synthesized nitrone against St37 steel corrosion in acidic medium: Experimental and theoretical approaches. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2018; 93:539-553. [PMID: 30274087 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2018.08.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2018] [Revised: 07/05/2018] [Accepted: 08/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
A novel amphiphilic nitrone, N-phenyl-1-(4-((11-(pyridin-1-ium-1yl) undecanoyl) oxy)phenyl)methanimine oxide bromide (NP-1-4-11-PUOPMOB) has been synthesized from a fatty acid derivative as a starting material. Structural characterization of the new compound has been realized by spectroscopic techniques (FTIR, 1H NMR, and 13C NMR). The corrosion inhibition effect of the compound for St37 steel corrosion in 1 M HCl medium has been investigated using experimental (weight loss, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, potentiodynamic polarization, dynamic electrochemical impedance spectroscopy) and theoretical approaches complemented by surface morphological examination using energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, scanning electron microscope, and atomic force spectroscopy. Results from both chemical and electrochemical techniques reveal that the presence of the nitrone in the acid solution impedes St37 steel corrosion. The inhibition efficiency obtained at 125 ppm and 150 ppm concentrations for all methods is found to be over 90%. NP-1-4-11-PUOPMOB behaves as a mixed type corrosion inhibitor according to the potentiodynamic polarization studies. The adsorption of NP-1-4-11-PUOPMOB molecules onto the metal surface follows Langmuir adsorption isotherm and the calculated Kads (equilibrium constant of the adsorption process) value reflects strong interaction. There is evidence of NP-1-4-11-PUOPMOB adsorption on the metal surface from SEM, EDAX, and AFM studies. Experimental and theoretical results are in good agreement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hüsnü Gerengi
- Corrosion Research Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Düzce University, 81620 Düzce, Turkey
| | - Moses M Solomon
- Centre of Research Excellence in Corrosion, Research Institute, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Serkan Öztürk
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Arts, Uludağ University, 16059 Bursa, Turkey
| | - Ayhan Yıldırım
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Arts, Uludağ University, 16059 Bursa, Turkey
| | - Gökhan Gece
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Bursa Technical University, 16310 Bursa, Turkey
| | - Ertuğrul Kaya
- Corrosion Research Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Düzce University, 81620 Düzce, Turkey
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3
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Poulhès F, Rizzato E, Bernasconi P, Rosas R, Viel S, Jicsinszky L, Rockenbauer A, Bardelang D, Siri D, Gaudel-Siri A, Karoui H, Hardy M, Ouari O. Synthesis and properties of a series of β-cyclodextrin/nitrone spin traps for improved superoxide detection. Org Biomol Chem 2018; 15:6358-6366. [PMID: 28715016 DOI: 10.1039/c7ob00961e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Three new DEPMPO-based spin traps have been designed and synthesized for improved superoxide detection, each carrying a cyclodextrin (CD) moiety but with a different alkyl chain on the phosphorus atom or with a long spacer arm. EPR spectroscopy allowed us to estimate the half-life of the superoxide spin adducts which is close to the value previously reported for CD-DEPMPO (t1/2 ≈ 50-55 min under the conditions investigated). The spectra are typical of superoxide adducts (almost no features of the HO˙ adduct that usually forms with time for other nitrone spin traps such as DMPO) and we show that at 250 μM, the new spin trap enables the reliable detection of superoxide by 1 scan at the position opposite to the corresponding spin trap without the CD moiety. The resistance of the spin adducts to a reduction process has been evaluated, and the superoxide spin adducts are sensitive to ascorbate and glutathione (GSH), but not to glutathione peroxidase/GSH, reflecting the exposed nature of the nitroxide moiety to the bulk solvent. To understand these results, 2D-ROESY NMR studies and molecular dynamics pointed to a shallow or surface self-inclusion of the nitrone spin traps and of nitroxide spin adducts presumably due to the high flexibility of the permethyl-β-CD rim.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florent Poulhès
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, ICR, UMR 7273, SREP, 13013 Marseille, France
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4
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Oliveira C, Benfeito S, Fernandes C, Cagide F, Silva T, Borges F. NO and HNO donors, nitrones, and nitroxides: Past, present, and future. Med Res Rev 2017; 38:1159-1187. [PMID: 29095519 DOI: 10.1002/med.21461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2017] [Revised: 06/26/2017] [Accepted: 06/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The biological effects attributed to nitric oxide (• NO) and nitroxyl (HNO) have been extensively studied, propelling their array of putative clinical applications beyond cardiovascular disorders toward other age-related diseases, like cancer and neurodegenerative diseases. In this context, the unique properties and reactivity of the N-O bond enabled the development of several classes of compounds with potential clinical interest, among which • NO and HNO donors, nitrones, and nitroxides are of particular importance. Although primarily studied for their application as cardioprotective agents and/or molecular probes for radical detection, continuous efforts have unveiled a wide range of pharmacological activities and, ultimately, therapeutic applications. These efforts are of particular significance for diseases in which oxidative stress plays a key pathogenic role, as shown by a growing volume of in vitro and in vivo preclinical data. Although in its early stages, these efforts may provide valuable guidelines for the development of new and effective N-O-based drugs for age-related disorders. In this report, we review recent advances in the chemistry of NO and HNO donors, nitrones, and nitroxides and discuss its pharmacological significance and potential therapeutic application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catarina Oliveira
- CIQUP/Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Sofia Benfeito
- CIQUP/Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Carlos Fernandes
- CIQUP/Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Fernando Cagide
- CIQUP/Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Tiago Silva
- CIQUP/Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Fernanda Borges
- CIQUP/Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
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5
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Shi WM, Liu FP, Wang ZX, Bi HY, Liang C, Xu LP, Su GF, Mo DL. Synthesis of 1-Vinyl/Arylbenzotriazole 3-Oxides through a Copper-Mediated C-N Bond Coupling Reaction. Adv Synth Catal 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201700462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Min Shi
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Ministry of Science and Technology of China; School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences; Guangxi Normal University; 15 Yu Cai Road Guilin 541004 People's Republic of China
| | - Feng-Ping Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Ministry of Science and Technology of China; School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences; Guangxi Normal University; 15 Yu Cai Road Guilin 541004 People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Xin Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Ministry of Science and Technology of China; School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences; Guangxi Normal University; 15 Yu Cai Road Guilin 541004 People's Republic of China
| | - Hong-Yan Bi
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Ministry of Science and Technology of China; School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences; Guangxi Normal University; 15 Yu Cai Road Guilin 541004 People's Republic of China
| | - Cui Liang
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Ministry of Science and Technology of China; School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences; Guangxi Normal University; 15 Yu Cai Road Guilin 541004 People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Ping Xu
- School of Chemical Engineering; Shandong University of Technology; 266 West Xincun Road Zibo 255049 People's Republic of China
- Laboratory of Computational Chemistry and Drug Design, Laboratory of Chemical Genomics; Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School; Shenzhen 518055 People's Republic of China
| | - Gui-Fa Su
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Ministry of Science and Technology of China; School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences; Guangxi Normal University; 15 Yu Cai Road Guilin 541004 People's Republic of China
| | - Dong-Liang Mo
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Ministry of Science and Technology of China; School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences; Guangxi Normal University; 15 Yu Cai Road Guilin 541004 People's Republic of China
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6
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Durand G, Rosselin M, Klein PA, Zéamari K, Choteau F, Tuccio B. α-Phenyl-N-cyclohexyl Nitrones: Preparation and Use as Spin-Traps. J Org Chem 2016; 82:135-142. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.6b02262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Grégory Durand
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron UMR 5247 CNRS-Université Montpellier-ENSCM & Avignon Université, Equipe Chimie Bioorganique et Systèmes Amphiphiles, 301 rue Baruch de Spinoza BP 21239, Avignon 84916 Cedex 9, France
| | - Marie Rosselin
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron UMR 5247 CNRS-Université Montpellier-ENSCM & Avignon Université, Equipe Chimie Bioorganique et Systèmes Amphiphiles, 301 rue Baruch de Spinoza BP 21239, Avignon 84916 Cedex 9, France
| | | | - Kamal Zéamari
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron UMR 5247 CNRS-Université Montpellier-ENSCM & Avignon Université, Equipe Chimie Bioorganique et Systèmes Amphiphiles, 301 rue Baruch de Spinoza BP 21239, Avignon 84916 Cedex 9, France
| | - Fanny Choteau
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron UMR 5247 CNRS-Université Montpellier-ENSCM & Avignon Université, Equipe Chimie Bioorganique et Systèmes Amphiphiles, 301 rue Baruch de Spinoza BP 21239, Avignon 84916 Cedex 9, France
| | - Béatrice Tuccio
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, ICR (UMR 7273), Marseille 13397, France
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7
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Rosselin M, Meyer G, Guillet P, Cheviet T, Walther G, Meister A, Hadjipavlou-Litina D, Durand G. Divalent Amino-Acid-Based Amphiphilic Antioxidants: Synthesis, Self-Assembling Properties, and Biological Evaluation. Bioconjug Chem 2016; 27:772-81. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.6b00002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marie Rosselin
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (UMR 5247 CNRS-Université Montpellier-ENSCM) & Avignon University, Equipe Chimie Bioorganique et Systèmes Amphiphiles, 301 rue Baruch de Spinoza, F-84916 Cedex 9 Avignon, France
| | - Grégory Meyer
- Avignon University, Laboratoire de Pharm-Ecologie
Cardiovasculaire LAPEC EA4278, F-84000 Avignon, France
| | - Pierre Guillet
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (UMR 5247 CNRS-Université Montpellier-ENSCM) & Avignon University, Equipe Chimie Bioorganique et Systèmes Amphiphiles, 301 rue Baruch de Spinoza, F-84916 Cedex 9 Avignon, France
| | - Thomas Cheviet
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (UMR 5247 CNRS-Université Montpellier-ENSCM) & Avignon University, Equipe Chimie Bioorganique et Systèmes Amphiphiles, 301 rue Baruch de Spinoza, F-84916 Cedex 9 Avignon, France
| | - Guillaume Walther
- Avignon University, Laboratoire de Pharm-Ecologie
Cardiovasculaire LAPEC EA4278, F-84000 Avignon, France
| | - Annette Meister
- Martin Luther University Halle—Wittenberg, Institute of Chemistry and Institute of Biochemistry/Biotechnology, von-Danckelmann-Platz 4, D-06120 Halle/Saale, Germany
| | - Dimitra Hadjipavlou-Litina
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health
Sciences, AUTh, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece
| | - Grégory Durand
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (UMR 5247 CNRS-Université Montpellier-ENSCM) & Avignon University, Equipe Chimie Bioorganique et Systèmes Amphiphiles, 301 rue Baruch de Spinoza, F-84916 Cedex 9 Avignon, France
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8
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Das A, Gopalakrishnan B, Druhan LJ, Wang TY, De Pascali F, Rockenbauer A, Racoma I, Varadharaj S, Zweier JL, Cardounel AJ, Villamena FA. Reversal of SIN-1-induced eNOS dysfunction by the spin trap, DMPO, in bovine aortic endothelial cells via eNOS phosphorylation. Br J Pharmacol 2014; 171:2321-34. [PMID: 24405159 DOI: 10.1111/bph.12572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2013] [Revised: 12/03/2013] [Accepted: 12/18/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Nitric oxide (NO) derived from eNOS is mostly responsible for the maintenance of vascular homeostasis and its decreased bioavailability is characteristic of reactive oxygen species (ROS)-induced endothelial dysfunction (ED). Because 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline-N-oxide (DMPO), a commonly used spin trap, can control intracellular nitroso-redox balance by scavenging ROS and donating NO, it was employed as a cardioprotective agent against ED but the mechanism of its protection is still not clear. This study elucidated the mechanism of protection by DMPO against SIN-1-induced oxidative injury to bovine aortic endothelial cells (BAEC). EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH BAEC were treated with SIN-1, as a source of peroxynitrite anion (ONOO⁻), and then incubated with DMPO. Cytotoxicity following SIN-1 alone and cytoprotection by adding DMPO was assessed by MTT assay. Levels of ROS and NO generation from HEK293 cells transfected with wild-type and mutant eNOS cDNAs, tetrahydrobiopterin bioavailability, eNOS activity, eNOS and Akt kinase phosphorylation were measured. KEY RESULTS Post-treatment of cells with DMPO attenuated SIN-1-mediated cytotoxicity and ROS generation, restoration of NO levels via increased in eNOS activity and phospho-eNOS levels. Treatment with DMPO alone significantly increased NO levels and induced phosphorylation of eNOS Ser¹¹⁷⁹ via Akt kinase. Transfection studies with wild-type and mutant human eNOS confirmed the dual role of eNOS as a producer of superoxide anion (O₂⁻) with SIN-1 treatment, and a producer of NO in the presence of DMPO. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS Post-treatment with DMPO of oxidatively challenged cells reversed eNOS dysfunction and could have pharmacological implications in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amlan Das
- Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
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9
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Rosselin M, Choteau F, Zéamari K, Nash KM, Das A, Lauricella R, Lojou E, Tuccio B, Villamena FA, Durand G. Reactivities of substituted α-phenyl-N-tert-butyl nitrones. J Org Chem 2014; 79:6615-26. [PMID: 24968285 PMCID: PMC4216227 DOI: 10.1021/jo501121g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
![]()
In
this work, a series of α-phenyl-N-tert-butyl nitrones bearing one, two, or three substituents
on the tert-butyl group was synthesized. Cyclic voltammetry
(CV) was used to investigate their electrochemical properties and
showed a more pronounced substituent effect for oxidation than for
reduction. Rate constants of superoxide radical (O2•–) reactions with nitrones were determined using
a UV–vis stopped-flow method, and phenyl radical (Ph•) trapping rate constants were measured by EPR spectroscopy. The
effect of N-tert-butyl substitution
on the charge density and electron density localization of the nitronyl
carbon as well as on the free energies of nitrone reactivity with
O2•– and HO2• were computationally rationalized at the PCM/B3LYP/6-31+G**//B3LYP/6-31G*
level of theory. Theoretical and experimental data showed that the
rates of the reaction correlate with the nitronyl carbon charge density,
suggesting a nucleophilic nature of O2•– and Ph• addition to the nitronyl carbon atom.
Finally, the substituent effect was investigated in cell cultures
exposed to hydrogen peroxide and a correlation between the cell viability
and the oxidation potential of the nitrones was observed. Through
a combination of computational methodologies and experimental methods,
new insights into the reactivity of free radicals with nitrone derivatives
have been proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Rosselin
- Avignon Université , Equipe Chimie Bioorganique et Systèmes Amphiphiles, 33 rue Louis Pasteur, F-84000 Avignon, France
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10
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Ortial S, Morandat S, Bortolato M, Roux B, Polidori A, Pucci B, Durand G. PBN derived amphiphilic spin-traps. II/Study of their antioxidant properties in biomimetic membranes. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2014; 113:384-93. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2013.08.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2013] [Revised: 08/21/2013] [Accepted: 08/22/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Hadjipavlou-Litina D, Magoulas GE, Bariamis SE, Tsimali Z, Avgoustakis K, Kontogiorgis CA, Athanassopoulos CM, Papaioannou D. Synthesis and evaluation of the antioxidative potential of minoxidil–polyamine conjugates. Biochimie 2013; 95:1437-49. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2013.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2012] [Accepted: 03/19/2013] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Potential implication of the chemical properties and bioactivity of nitrone spin traps for therapeutics. Future Med Chem 2012; 4:1171-207. [PMID: 22709256 DOI: 10.4155/fmc.12.74] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Nitrone therapeutics has been employed in the treatment of oxidative stress-related diseases such as neurodegeneration, cardiovascular disease and cancer. The nitrone-based compound NXY-059, which is the first drug to reach clinical trials for the treatment of acute ischemic stroke, has provided promise for the development of more robust pharmacological agents. However, the specific mechanism of nitrone bioactivity remains unclear. In this review, we present a variety of nitrone chemistry and biological activity that could be implicated for the nitrone's pharmacological activity. The chemistries of spin trapping and spin adduct reveal insights on the possible roles of nitrones for altering cellular redox status through radical scavenging or nitric oxide donation, and their biological effects are presented. An interdisciplinary approach towards the development of novel synthetic antioxidants with improved pharmacological properties encompassing theoretical, synthetic, biochemical and in vitro/in vivo studies is covered.
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Das A, Gopalakrishnan B, Voss OH, Doseff AI, Villamena FA. Inhibition of ROS-induced apoptosis in endothelial cells by nitrone spin traps via induction of phase II enzymes and suppression of mitochondria-dependent pro-apoptotic signaling. Biochem Pharmacol 2012; 84:486-97. [PMID: 22580046 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2012.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2012] [Revised: 04/27/2012] [Accepted: 04/30/2012] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress is the main etiological factor behind the pathogenesis of various diseases including inflammation, cancer, cardiovascular and neurodegenerative disorders. Due to the spin trapping abilities and various pharmacological properties of nitrones, their application as therapeutic agent has been gaining attention. Though the antioxidant properties of the nitrones are well known, the mechanism by which they modulate the cellular defense machinery against oxidative stress is not well investigated and requires further elucidation. Here, we have investigated the mechanisms of cytoprotection of the nitrone spin traps against oxidative stress in bovine aortic endothelial cells (BAEC). Cytoprotective properties of both the cyclic nitrone 5,5-dimethyl-pyrroline N-oxide (DMPO) and linear nitrone α-phenyl N-tert-butyl nitrone (PBN) against H₂O₂-induced cytotoxicity were investigated. Preincubation of BAEC with PBN or DMPO resulted in the inhibition of H₂O₂-mediated cytotoxicity and apoptosis. Nitrone-treatment resulted in the induction and restoration of phase II antioxidant enzymes via nuclear translocation of NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf-2) in oxidatively-challenged cells. Furthermore, the nitrones were found to inhibit the mitochondrial depolarization and subsequent activation of caspase-3 induced by H₂O₂. Significant down-regulation of the pro-apoptotic proteins p53 and Bax, and up-regulation of the anti-apoptotic proteins Bcl-2 and p-Bad were observed when the cells were preincubated with the nitrones prior to H₂O₂-treatment. It was also observed that Nrf-2 silencing completely abolished the protective effects of nitrones. Hence, these findings suggest that nitrones confer protection to the endothelial cells against oxidative stress by modulating phase II antioxidant enzymes and subsequently inhibiting mitochondria-dependent apoptotic cascade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amlan Das
- Department of Pharmacology, and Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
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14
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Soto-Otero R, Méndez-Álvarez E, Sánchez-Iglesias S, Labandeira-García JL, Rodríguez-Pallares J, Zubkov FI, Zaytsev VP, Voskressensky LG, Varlamov AV, de Candia M, Fiorella F, Altomare C. 2-Benzazepine Nitrones Protect Dopaminergic Neurons against 6-Hydroxydopamine-Induced Oxidative Toxicity. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2012; 345:598-609. [DOI: 10.1002/ardp.201200007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2012] [Revised: 03/08/2012] [Accepted: 03/09/2012] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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15
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Choteau F, Tuccio B, Villamena FA, Charles L, Pucci B, Durand G. Synthesis of tris-hydroxymethyl-based nitrone derivatives with highly reactive nitronyl carbon. J Org Chem 2012; 77:938-48. [PMID: 22188016 DOI: 10.1021/jo202098x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
A novel series of α-phenyl-N-tert-butyl nitrone derivatives, bearing a hydrophobic chain on the aromatic ring and three hydroxyl functions on the tert-butyl group, was synthesized through a short and convenient synthetic route based on a one-pot reduction/condensation of tris(hydroxymethyl)nitromethane with a benzaldehyde derivative. Because of the presence of hydroxyl functions on the tert-butyl group, an intramolecular Forrester-Hepburn reaction leading to the formation of an oxazolidine-N-oxyl compound was observed by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR). The mechanism of cyclization was further studied by computational methods showing that intramolecular hydrogen bonding and high positive charge on the nitronyl carbon could facilitate the nucleophilic addition of a hydroxyl group onto the nitronyl carbon. At high nitrone concentrations, a second paramagnetic species, very likely formed by intermolecular nucleophilic addition of two nitrone molecules, was also observed but to a lesser extent. In addition, theoretical data confirmed that the intramolecular reaction is much more favored than the intermolecular one. These nitrones were also found to efficiently trap carbon-centered radicals, but complex spectra were observed due to the presence of oxazolidine-N-oxyl derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanny Choteau
- Université d'Avignon et des Pays de Vaucluse, Equipe Chimie Bioorganique et Systèmes Amphiphiles, 33 rue Louis Pasteur, F-84000 Avignon, France
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Choteau F, Durand G, Ranchon-Cole I, Cercy C, Pucci B. Cholesterol-based α-phenyl-N-tert-butyl nitrone derivatives as antioxidants against light-induced retinal degeneration. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2010; 20:7405-9. [PMID: 21071218 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2010.10.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2010] [Revised: 10/06/2010] [Accepted: 10/07/2010] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Two cholesterol-based α-phenyl-N-tert-butyl nitrone derivatives were synthesized as antioxidants against light-induced retinal degeneration. Whereas nitrone 10 significantly protected retina against bright fluorescent light exposure when injected into the vitreous at 1 mM, no protection was observed with nitrone 6. The parent compound α-phenyl-N-tert-butyl nitrone also exhibited protective activity at 9 mM but not at 1 mM. This suggests that nitrone 10 may be a candidate for the treatment of retinal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanny Choteau
- Laboratoire de Chimie Bioorganique et des Systèmes Moléculaires Vectoriels, Université d'Avignon et des Pays de Vaucluse, Faculté des Sciences, Avignon, France
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