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Papa A, Cursaro I, Pozzetti L, Contri C, Cappello M, Pasquini S, Carullo G, Ramunno A, Gemma S, Varani K, Butini S, Campiani G, Vincenzi F. Pioneering first-in-class FAAH-HDAC inhibitors as potential multitarget neuroprotective agents. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2023; 356:e2300410. [PMID: 37750286 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202300410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
Aiming to simultaneously modulate the endocannabinoid system (ECS) functions and the epigenetic machinery, we selected the fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) and histone deacetylase (HDAC) enzymes as desired targets to develop potential neuroprotective multitarget-directed ligands (MTDLs), expecting to achieve an additive or synergistic therapeutic effect in oxidative stress-related conditions. We herein report the design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of the first-in-class FAAH-HDAC multitarget inhibitors. A pharmacophore merging strategy was applied, yielding 1-phenylpyrrole-based compounds 4a-j. The best-performing compounds (4c, 4f, and 4h) were tested for their neuroprotective properties in oxidative stress models, employing 1321N1 human astrocytoma cells and SHSY5 human neuronal cells. In our preliminary studies, compound 4h stood out, showing a balanced nanomolar inhibitory activity against the selected targets and outperforming the standard antioxidant N-acetylcysteine in vitro. Together with 4f, 4h was also able to protect 1321N1 cells from tert-butyl hydroperoxide or glutamate insult. Our study may provide the basis for the development of novel MTDLs targeting the ECS and epigenetic enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Papa
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Ilaria Cursaro
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Luca Pozzetti
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Chiara Contri
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Martina Cappello
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Silvia Pasquini
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Gabriele Carullo
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Anna Ramunno
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Fisciano, Italy
| | - Sandra Gemma
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Katia Varani
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Stefania Butini
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Campiani
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Vincenzi
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
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2
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Najafi E, Janghouri M, Hashemzadeh A, Weng Ng S. Mixed ligand Cd(II) coordination architectures based on bulky anthracene-9-carboxylate ligand: crystal structures and optical properties. Inorganica Chim Acta 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2023.121482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
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3
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Singh D, Singh P, Srivastava P, Kakkar D, Pathak M, Tiwari AK. Development and challenges in the discovery of 5-HT 1A and 5-HT 7 receptor ligands. Bioorg Chem 2023; 131:106254. [PMID: 36528920 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2022.106254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Revised: 10/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine) is a small molecule that acts both in the central and peripheral nervous system as a neurotransmitter and a hormone, respectively. Serotonin is synthesized via a multi-stage pathway beginning with l-tryptophan, which is converted by an enzyme called tryptophan hydroxylase into L-5-Hydroxytryptophan. It is well-known for its significance in the control of mood, anxiety, depression, and insomnia as well as in normal human functions such as sleep, sexual activity, and appetite. Thus, for medical chemists and pharmaceutical firms, serotonin is one of the most desirable targets. Among the seven different classes of serotonin receptors, the 5-HT1A was one of the first discovered serotonin receptors, and the 5-HT7 was the last addition to the serotonin receptor family. Both the classes were thoroughly examined. 5-HT1A neurotransmission-related dysfunctions are linked to many psychological conditions such as anxiety, depression, and movement disorders. 5-HT7 is a member of the cell surface receptor GPCR superfamily and is regulated by the serotonin neurotransmitter. It has been the focus of intensive research efforts since its discovery, which was prompted by its presence in functionally important regions of the brain. The thalamus and hypothalamus have the highest 5-HT7 receptor densities. They are also found in the hippocampus and cortex at higher densities. Thermoregulation, circadian rhythm, learning and memory, and sleep are all associated with the 5-HT7 receptor. It is also suspected that this receptor may be involved in the control of mood, indicating that it may be a beneficial target for depression treatment. Several differently structured molecules such as aminotetralins, ergolines, arylpiperazines, indolylalkylamines, aporphines, and aryloxyalkyl-amines are known to bind to 5-HT1A and 5-HT7 receptor sites. In brain serotonin receptors 5-HT1A and 5-HT7 are strongly co-expressed in regions involved in depression. However, their functional interaction has not been identified. An overview of the 5-HT1A and 5-HT7 receptor ligands belonging to different chemical groups is mentioned in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepika Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow 226025, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Priya Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow 226025, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Pooja Srivastava
- Division of Radiological, Nuclear and Imaging Sciences, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Brig S K Mazumdar Road, Timarpur, Delhi 110054, India
| | - Dipti Kakkar
- Division of Radiological, Nuclear and Imaging Sciences, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Brig S K Mazumdar Road, Timarpur, Delhi 110054, India
| | - Mallika Pathak
- Department of Chemistry, Miranda House, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
| | - Anjani Kumar Tiwari
- Department of Chemistry, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow 226025, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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4
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Devadiga SJ, Bharate SS. Recent developments in the management of Huntington's disease. Bioorg Chem 2022; 120:105642. [PMID: 35121553 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2022.105642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Huntington's disease (HD) is a rare, incurable, inheritedneurodegenerative disorder manifested by chorea, hyperkinetic, and hypokinetic movements. The FDA has approved only two drugs, viz. tetrabenazine, and deutetrabenazine, to manage the chorea associated with HD. However, several other drugs are used as an off-label to manage chorea and other symptoms such as depression, anxiety, muscle tremors, and cognitive dysfunction associated with HD. So far, there is no disease-modifying treatment available. Drug repurposing has been a primary drive to search for new anti-HD drugs. Numerous molecular targets along with a wide range of small molecules and gene therapies are currently under clinical investigation. More than 200 clinical studies are underway for HD, 75% are interventional, and 25% are observational studies. The present review discusses the small molecule clinical pipeline and molecular targets for HD. Furthermore, the biomarkers, diagnostic tests, gene therapies, behavioral and observational studies for HD were also deliberated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanaika J Devadiga
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKM's NMIMS, V.L. Mehta Road, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai 400056, India
| | - Sonali S Bharate
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKM's NMIMS, V.L. Mehta Road, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai 400056, India.
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5
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Wróbel MZ, Chodkowski A, Marciniak M, Dawidowski M, Maksymiuk A, Siwek A, Nowak G, Turło J. Synthesis of new 4-butyl-arylpiperazine-3-(1H-indol-3-yl)pyrrolidine-2,5-dione derivatives and evaluation for their 5-HT1A and D2 receptor affinity and serotonin transporter inhibition. Bioorg Chem 2020; 97:103662. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.103662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Revised: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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6
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Multi-Target Approach for Drug Discovery against Schizophrenia. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19103105. [PMID: 30309037 PMCID: PMC6213273 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19103105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2018] [Revised: 10/04/2018] [Accepted: 10/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Polypharmacology is nowadays considered an increasingly crucial aspect in discovering new drugs as a number of original single-target drugs have been performing far behind expectations during the last ten years. In this scenario, multi-target drugs are a promising approach against polygenic diseases with complex pathomechanisms such as schizophrenia. Indeed, second generation or atypical antipsychotics target a number of aminergic G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) simultaneously. Novel strategies in drug design and discovery against schizophrenia focus on targets beyond the dopaminergic hypothesis of the disease and even beyond the monoamine GPCRs. In particular these approaches concern proteins involved in glutamatergic and cholinergic neurotransmission, challenging the concept of antipsychotic activity without dopamine D₂ receptor involvement. Potentially interesting compounds include ligands interacting with glycine modulatory binding pocket on N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptors, positive allosteric modulators of α-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) receptors, positive allosteric modulators of metabotropic glutamatergic receptors, agonists and positive allosteric modulators of α7 nicotinic receptors, as well as muscarinic receptor agonists. In this review we discuss classical and novel drug targets for schizophrenia, cover benefits and limitations of current strategies to design multi-target drugs and show examples of multi-target ligands as antipsychotics, including marketed drugs, substances in clinical trials, and other investigational compounds.
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7
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Furlotti G, Alisi MA, Cazzolla N, Ceccacci F, Garrone B, Gasperi T, La Bella A, Leonelli F, Loreto MA, Magarò G, Mangano G, Bettolo RM, Masini E, Miceli M, Migneco LM, Vitiello M. Targeting Serotonin 2A and Adrenergic α 1 Receptors for Ocular Antihypertensive Agents: Discovery of 3,4-Dihydropyrazino[1,2-b]indazol-1(2H)-one Derivatives. ChemMedChem 2018; 13:1597-1607. [PMID: 29873449 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201800199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Revised: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Glaucoma affects millions of people worldwide and causes optic nerve damage and blindness. The elevation of the intraocular pressure (IOP) is the main risk factor associated with this pathology, and decreasing IOP is the key therapeutic target of current pharmacological treatments. As potential ocular hypotensive agents, we studied compounds that act on two receptors (serotonin 2A and adrenergic α1 ) linked to the regulation of aqueous humour dynamics. Herein we describe the design, synthesis, and pharmacological profiling of a series of novel bicyclic and tricyclic N2-alkyl-indazole-amide derivatives. This study identified a 3,4-dihydropyrazino[1,2-b]indazol-1(2H)-one derivative with potent serotonin 2A receptor antagonism, >100-fold selectivity over other serotonin subtype receptors, and high affinity for the α1 receptor. Moreover, upon local administration, this compound showed superior ocular hypotensive action in vivo relative to the clinically used reference compound timolol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guido Furlotti
- Angelini RR&D (Research, Regulatory & Development), Angelini S.p.A., Piazzale della stazione snc, 00071, S. Palomba-Pomezia (Rome), Italy
| | - Maria Alessandra Alisi
- Angelini RR&D (Research, Regulatory & Development), Angelini S.p.A., Piazzale della stazione snc, 00071, S. Palomba-Pomezia (Rome), Italy
| | - Nicola Cazzolla
- Angelini RR&D (Research, Regulatory & Development), Angelini S.p.A., Piazzale della stazione snc, 00071, S. Palomba-Pomezia (Rome), Italy
| | - Francesca Ceccacci
- Chemistry Department "S. Cannizzaro", University of Rome "La Sapienza", P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy.,Current affiliation: Istituto di Metodologie Chimiche-CNR, Unità Organizzativa di Supporto, Sede di Roma, Università degli Studi di Roma "La Sapienza", P. le Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy)
| | - Beatrice Garrone
- Angelini RR&D (Research, Regulatory & Development), Angelini S.p.A., Piazzale della stazione snc, 00071, S. Palomba-Pomezia (Rome), Italy
| | - Tecla Gasperi
- Department of Science, Section of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, University of Roma Tre, via della Vasca Navale 79, 00146, Rome, Italy
| | - Angela La Bella
- Chemistry Department "S. Cannizzaro", University of Rome "La Sapienza", P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Leonelli
- Chemistry Department "S. Cannizzaro", University of Rome "La Sapienza", P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy.,Dipartimento di Biologia Ambientale, University of Rome "La Sapienza", P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Antonietta Loreto
- Chemistry Department "S. Cannizzaro", University of Rome "La Sapienza", P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Gabriele Magarò
- Angelini RR&D (Research, Regulatory & Development), Angelini S.p.A., Piazzale della stazione snc, 00071, S. Palomba-Pomezia (Rome), Italy
| | - Giorgina Mangano
- Angelini RR&D (Research, Regulatory & Development), Angelini S.p.A., Piazzale della stazione snc, 00071, S. Palomba-Pomezia (Rome), Italy
| | - Rinaldo Marini Bettolo
- Chemistry Department "S. Cannizzaro", University of Rome "La Sapienza", P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Emanuela Masini
- Departments of NEUROFARBA, Section of Pharmacology, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini 6, 50139, Florence, Italy
| | - Martina Miceli
- Department of Science, Section of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, University of Roma Tre, via della Vasca Navale 79, 00146, Rome, Italy
| | - Luisa Maria Migneco
- Chemistry Department "S. Cannizzaro", University of Rome "La Sapienza", P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Vitiello
- Angelini RR&D (Research, Regulatory & Development), Angelini S.p.A., Piazzale della stazione snc, 00071, S. Palomba-Pomezia (Rome), Italy
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Jha P, Chaturvedi S, Kaul A, Pant P, Anju A, Pal S, Jain N, Mishra AK. Design, physico-chemical and pre-clinical evaluation of a homo-bivalent 99mTc-(BTZ)2DTPA radioligand for targeting dimeric 5-HT1A/5-HT7 receptors. NEW J CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8nj00089a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
A 99mTc-labelled bis-benzothiazolone-DTPA radio-complex as a SPECT neuroimaging agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Preeti Jha
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Delhi (IITD)
- India
- Division of Cyclotron and Radiopharmaceutical Sciences
- Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences
| | - Shubhra Chaturvedi
- Division of Cyclotron and Radiopharmaceutical Sciences
- Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences
- Defence Research and Development Organization
- Delhi-110054
- India
| | - Ankur Kaul
- Division of Cyclotron and Radiopharmaceutical Sciences
- Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences
- Defence Research and Development Organization
- Delhi-110054
- India
| | - Pradeep Pant
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Delhi (IITD)
- India
| | - Anju Anju
- Division of Cyclotron and Radiopharmaceutical Sciences
- Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences
- Defence Research and Development Organization
- Delhi-110054
- India
| | - Sunil Pal
- Division of Cyclotron and Radiopharmaceutical Sciences
- Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences
- Defence Research and Development Organization
- Delhi-110054
- India
| | - Nidhi Jain
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Delhi (IITD)
- India
| | - Anil K. Mishra
- Division of Cyclotron and Radiopharmaceutical Sciences
- Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences
- Defence Research and Development Organization
- Delhi-110054
- India
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9
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Chemi G, Gemma S, Campiani G, Brogi S, Butini S, Brindisi M. Computational Tool for Fast in silico Evaluation of hERG K + Channel Affinity. Front Chem 2017; 5:7. [PMID: 28503546 PMCID: PMC5408157 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2017.00007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2016] [Accepted: 02/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of a novel comprehensive approach for the prediction of hERG activity is herein presented. Software Phase has been used to derive a 3D-QSAR model, employing as alignment rule a common pharmacophore built on a subset of 22 highly active compounds (threshold Ki: 50 nM) against hERG K+ channel. Five features comprised the pharmacophore: two aromatic rings (R1 and R2), one hydrogen-bond acceptor (A), one hydrophobic site (H), and one positive ionizable function (P). The sequential 3D-QSAR model developed with a set of 421 compounds (randomly divided in training and test set) yielded a test set (Q2) = 0.802 and proved to be predictive with respect to an external test set of 309 compounds that were not used to generate the model (rext_ts2 = 0.860). Furthermore, the model was submitted to an in silico validation for assessing the reliability of the approach, by applying a decoys set, evaluating the Güner and Henry score (GH) and the Enrichment Factor (EF), and by using the ROC curve analysis. The outcome demonstrated the high predictive power of the inclusive 3D-QSAR model developed for the hERG K+ channel blockers, confirming the fundamental validity of the chosen approach for obtaining a fast proprietary cardiotoxicity predictive tool to be employed for rationally designing compounds with reduced hERG K+ channel activity at the early steps of the drug discovery trajectory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Chemi
- European Research Centre for Drug Discovery (NatSynDrugs), University of SienaSiena, Italy.,Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of SienaSiena, Italy
| | - Sandra Gemma
- European Research Centre for Drug Discovery (NatSynDrugs), University of SienaSiena, Italy.,Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of SienaSiena, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Campiani
- European Research Centre for Drug Discovery (NatSynDrugs), University of SienaSiena, Italy.,Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of SienaSiena, Italy
| | - Simone Brogi
- European Research Centre for Drug Discovery (NatSynDrugs), University of SienaSiena, Italy.,Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of SienaSiena, Italy
| | - Stefania Butini
- European Research Centre for Drug Discovery (NatSynDrugs), University of SienaSiena, Italy.,Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of SienaSiena, Italy
| | - Margherita Brindisi
- European Research Centre for Drug Discovery (NatSynDrugs), University of SienaSiena, Italy.,Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of SienaSiena, Italy
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10
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Chen XW, Sun YY, Fu L, Li JQ. Synthesis and pharmacological characterization of novel N -( trans -4-(2-(4-(benzo[ d ]isothiazol-3-yl)piperazin-1-yl)ethyl)cyclohexyl)amides as potential multireceptor atypical antipsychotics. Eur J Med Chem 2016; 123:332-353. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2016.07.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2016] [Revised: 06/29/2016] [Accepted: 07/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Maramai S, Gemma S, Brogi S, Campiani G, Butini S, Stark H, Brindisi M. Dopamine D3 Receptor Antagonists as Potential Therapeutics for the Treatment of Neurological Diseases. Front Neurosci 2016; 10:451. [PMID: 27761108 PMCID: PMC5050208 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2016.00451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2016] [Accepted: 09/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
D3 receptors represent a major focus of current drug design and development of therapeutics for dopamine-related pathological states. Their close homology with the D2 receptor subtype makes the development of D3 selective antagonists a challenging task. In this review, we explore the relevance and therapeutic utility of D3 antagonists or partial agonists endowed with multireceptor affinity profile in the field of central nervous system disorders such as schizophrenia and drug abuse. In fact, the peculiar distribution and low brain abundance of D3 receptors make them a valuable target for the development of drugs devoid of motor side effects classically elicited by D2 antagonists. Recent research efforts were devoted to the conception of chemical templates possibly endowed with a multi-target profile, especially with regards to other G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). A comprehensive overview of the recent literature in the field is herein provided. In particular, the evolution of the chemical templates has been tracked, according to the growing advancements in both the structural information and the refinement of the key pharmacophoric elements. The receptor/multireceptor affinity and functional profiles for the examined compounds have been covered, together with their most significant pharmacological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuele Maramai
- European Research Centre for Drug Discovery and Development and Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena Siena, Italy
| | - Sandra Gemma
- European Research Centre for Drug Discovery and Development and Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena Siena, Italy
| | - Simone Brogi
- European Research Centre for Drug Discovery and Development and Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena Siena, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Campiani
- European Research Centre for Drug Discovery and Development and Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena Siena, Italy
| | - Stefania Butini
- European Research Centre for Drug Discovery and Development and Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena Siena, Italy
| | - Holger Stark
- Institut fuer Pharmazeutische and Medizinische Chemie, Heinrich-Heine-Universitaet Duesseldorf Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Margherita Brindisi
- European Research Centre for Drug Discovery and Development and Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena Siena, Italy
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12
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Hübner H, Schellhorn T, Gienger M, Schaab C, Kaindl J, Leeb L, Clark T, Möller D, Gmeiner P. Structure-guided development of heterodimer-selective GPCR ligands. Nat Commun 2016; 7:12298. [PMID: 27457610 PMCID: PMC4963535 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms12298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2015] [Accepted: 06/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Crystal structures of G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) ligand complexes allow a rational design of novel molecular probes and drugs. Here we report the structure-guided design, chemical synthesis and biological investigations of bivalent ligands for dopamine D2 receptor/neurotensin NTS1 receptor (D2R/NTS1R) heterodimers. The compounds of types 1–3 consist of three different D2R pharmacophores bound to an affinity-generating lipophilic appendage, a polyethylene glycol-based linker and the NTS1R agonist NT(8-13). The bivalent ligands show binding affinity in the picomolar range for cells coexpressing both GPCRs and unprecedented selectivity (up to three orders of magnitude), compared with cells that only express D2Rs. A functional switch is observed for the bivalent ligands 3b,c inhibiting cAMP formation in cells singly expressing D2Rs but stimulating cAMP accumulation in D2R/NTS1R-coexpressing cells. Moreover, the newly synthesized bivalent ligands show a strong, predominantly NTS1R-mediated β-arrestin-2 recruitment at the D2R/NTS1R-coexpressing cells. G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are involved in key signalling pathways and represent important targets for the treatment of neurological and psychiatric disorders. Here, the authors describe powerful bivalent ligands that efficiently bind to therapeutically relevant GPCR heterodimers
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Affiliation(s)
- Harald Hübner
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Emil Fischer Center, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Schuhstraße 19, Erlangen 91052, Germany
| | - Tamara Schellhorn
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Emil Fischer Center, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Schuhstraße 19, Erlangen 91052, Germany
| | - Marie Gienger
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Emil Fischer Center, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Schuhstraße 19, Erlangen 91052, Germany
| | - Carolin Schaab
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Emil Fischer Center, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Schuhstraße 19, Erlangen 91052, Germany
| | - Jonas Kaindl
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Emil Fischer Center, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Schuhstraße 19, Erlangen 91052, Germany.,Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Computer-Chemie-Center, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Nägelsbachstraße 25, Erlangen 91052, Germany
| | - Laurin Leeb
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Emil Fischer Center, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Schuhstraße 19, Erlangen 91052, Germany
| | - Timothy Clark
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Computer-Chemie-Center, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Nägelsbachstraße 25, Erlangen 91052, Germany.,Centre for Molecular Design, University of Portsmouth, King Henry Building, Portsmouth PO1 2DY, UK
| | - Dorothee Möller
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Emil Fischer Center, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Schuhstraße 19, Erlangen 91052, Germany
| | - Peter Gmeiner
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Emil Fischer Center, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Schuhstraße 19, Erlangen 91052, Germany
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13
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Butini S, Nikolic K, Kassel S, Brückmann H, Filipic S, Agbaba D, Gemma S, Brogi S, Brindisi M, Campiani G, Stark H. Polypharmacology of dopamine receptor ligands. Prog Neurobiol 2016; 142:68-103. [PMID: 27234980 DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2016.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2015] [Revised: 01/26/2016] [Accepted: 03/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Most neurological diseases have a multifactorial nature and the number of molecular mechanisms discovered as underpinning these diseases is continuously evolving. The old concept of developing selective agents for a single target does not fit with the medical need of most neurological diseases. The development of designed multiple ligands holds great promises and appears as the next step in drug development for the treatment of these multifactorial diseases. Dopamine and its five receptor subtypes are intimately involved in numerous neurological disorders. Dopamine receptor ligands display a high degree of cross interactions with many other targets including G-protein coupled receptors, transporters, enzymes and ion channels. For brain disorders like Parkinsońs disease, schizophrenia and depression the dopaminergic system, being intertwined with many other signaling systems, plays a key role in pathogenesis and therapy. The concept of designed multiple ligands and polypharmacology, which perfectly meets the therapeutic needs for these brain disorders, is herein discussed as a general ligand-based concept while focusing on dopaminergic agents and receptor subtypes in particular.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Butini
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, European Research Centre for Drug Discovery and Development, University of Siena, Via Aldo Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - K Nikolic
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - S Kassel
- Heinrich Heine University Duesseldorf, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Universitaetsstr. 1, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - H Brückmann
- Heinrich Heine University Duesseldorf, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Universitaetsstr. 1, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - S Filipic
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - D Agbaba
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - S Gemma
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, European Research Centre for Drug Discovery and Development, University of Siena, Via Aldo Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - S Brogi
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, European Research Centre for Drug Discovery and Development, University of Siena, Via Aldo Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - M Brindisi
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, European Research Centre for Drug Discovery and Development, University of Siena, Via Aldo Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - G Campiani
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, European Research Centre for Drug Discovery and Development, University of Siena, Via Aldo Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - H Stark
- Heinrich Heine University Duesseldorf, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Universitaetsstr. 1, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany.
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14
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Sonawane DP, Persico M, Corbett Y, Chianese G, Di Dato A, Fattorusso C, Taglialatela-Scafati O, Taramelli D, Trombini C, Dhavale DD, Quintavalla A, Lombardo M. New antimalarial 3-methoxy-1,2-dioxanes: optimization of cellular pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics properties by incorporation of amino and N-heterocyclic moieties at C4. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra10785g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A new series of 3-methoxy-1,2-dioxanes containing an amino moiety at C4 was synthesized, displaying nanomolar antimalarial activity without being cytotoxic.
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15
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Brindisi M, Butini S, Franceschini S, Brogi S, Trotta F, Ros S, Cagnotto A, Salmona M, Casagni A, Andreassi M, Saponara S, Gorelli B, Weikop P, Mikkelsen JD, Scheel-Kruger J, Sandager-Nielsen K, Novellino E, Campiani G, Gemma S. Targeting Dopamine D3 and Serotonin 5-HT1A and 5-HT2A Receptors for Developing Effective Antipsychotics: Synthesis, Biological Characterization, and Behavioral Studies. J Med Chem 2014; 57:9578-97. [DOI: 10.1021/jm501119j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Alfredo Cagnotto
- IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Via La Masa 19, 20156 Milano, Italy
| | - Mario Salmona
- IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Via La Masa 19, 20156 Milano, Italy
| | | | | | - Simona Saponara
- Dipartimento
di Scienze della Vita, Università degli Studi di Siena, via Aldo Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Beatrice Gorelli
- Dipartimento
di Scienze della Vita, Università degli Studi di Siena, via Aldo Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Pia Weikop
- Laboratory
of Neuropsychiatry, Psychiatric Centre, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3 DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jens D. Mikkelsen
- Neurobiology
Research Unit, University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | | | - Ettore Novellino
- Dipartimento
di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Napoli “Federico II”, via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy
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16
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Keck TM, Burzynski C, Shi L, Newman AH. Beyond small-molecule SAR: using the dopamine D3 receptor crystal structure to guide drug design. ADVANCES IN PHARMACOLOGY 2014; 69:267-300. [PMID: 24484980 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-420118-7.00007-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The dopamine D3 receptor is a target of pharmacotherapeutic interest in a variety of neurological disorders including schizophrenia, restless leg syndrome, and drug addiction. The high protein sequence homology between the D3 and D2 receptors has posed a challenge to developing D3 receptor-selective ligands whose behavioral actions can be attributed to D3 receptor engagement, in vivo. However, through primarily small-molecule structure-activity relationship (SAR) studies, a variety of chemical scaffolds have been discovered over the past two decades that have resulted in several D3 receptor-selective ligands with high affinity and in vivo activity. Nevertheless, viable clinical candidates remain limited. The recent determination of the high-resolution crystal structure of the D3 receptor has invigorated structure-based drug design, providing refinements to the molecular dynamic models and testable predictions about receptor-ligand interactions. This chapter will highlight recent preclinical and clinical studies demonstrating potential utility of D3 receptor-selective ligands in the treatment of addiction. In addition, new structure-based rational drug design strategies for D3 receptor-selective ligands that complement traditional small-molecule SAR to improve the selectivity and directed efficacy profiles are examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas M Keck
- Medicinal Chemistry Section, Molecular Targets and Medications Discovery Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse-Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Caitlin Burzynski
- Medicinal Chemistry Section, Molecular Targets and Medications Discovery Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse-Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Lei Shi
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics and Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, USA
| | - Amy Hauck Newman
- Medicinal Chemistry Section, Molecular Targets and Medications Discovery Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse-Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
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17
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Hazari PP, Schulz J, Vimont D, Chadha N, Allard M, Szlosek-Pinaud M, Fouquet E, Mishra AK. A new SiF-Dipropargyl glycerol scaffold as a versatile prosthetic group to design dimeric radioligands: synthesis of the [(18) F]BMPPSiF tracer to image serotonin receptors. ChemMedChem 2013; 9:337-49. [PMID: 24376058 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201300458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
A novel SiX-dipropargyl glycerol scaffold (X: H, F, or (18) F) was developed as a versatile prosthetic group that provides technical advantages for the preparation of dimeric radioligands based on silicon fluoride acceptor pre- or post-labeling with fluorine-18. Rapid conjugation with the prosthetic group takes place in microwave-assisted click conjugation under mild conditions. Thus, a bivalent homodimeric SiX-dipropargyl glycerol derivatized radioligand, [(18) F]BMPPSiF, with enhanced affinity was developed by using click conjugation. High uptake of the radioligand was demonstrated in 5-HT1A receptor-rich regions in the brain with positron emission tomography. Molecular docking studies (rigid protein-flexible ligand) of BMPPSiF and known antagonists (WAY-100635, MPPF, and MefWAY) with monomeric, dimeric, and multimeric 5-HT1A receptor models were performed, with the highest G score obtained for docked BMPPSiF: -6.766 as compared with all three antagonists on the monomeric model. Multimeric induced-fit docking was also performed to visualize the comparable mode of binding under in vivo conditions, and a notably improved G score of -8.455 was observed for BMPPSiF. These data directly correlate the high binding potential of BMPPSiF with the bivalent binding mode obtained in the biological studies. The present study warrants wide application of the SiX-dipropargyl glycerol prosthetic group in the development of ligands for imaging with enhanced affinity markers for specific targeting based on peptides, nucleosides, and lipids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Puja Panwar Hazari
- Division of Cyclotron and Radiopharamceutical Sciences, Brig. SK Mazumdar Road, Delhi 110054 (India)
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18
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Fiorino F, Severino B, Magli E, Ciano A, Caliendo G, Santagada V, Frecentese F, Perissutti E. 5-HT(1A) receptor: an old target as a new attractive tool in drug discovery from central nervous system to cancer. J Med Chem 2013; 57:4407-26. [PMID: 24295064 DOI: 10.1021/jm400533t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The serotonin receptor subtype 5-HT(1A) was one of the first serotonin receptor subtypes pharmacologically characterized. This receptor subtype has long been object of intense research and is implicated in the pathogenesis and treatment of anxiety and depressive disorders. In recent years, new chemical entities targeting the 5-HT(1A) receptor (alone or in combination with other molecular targets) have been proposed for novel therapeutic uses in neuroprotection, cognitive impairment, Parkinson's disease, pain treatment, malignant carcinoid syndrome, and prostate cancer. This Perspective compares existing data on expression and signaling activity of the 5-HT(1A) receptor to a ligand with an intrinsic agonist or antagonist profile. Our purpose is also to make a complete overview, useful for underlining the features needed to select a specific pharmacological profile rather than another one. This aspect could be really interesting to consider and justify the 5-HT(1A) receptor as a new attractive target for drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ferdinando Fiorino
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II" , Via D. Montesano, 49, 80131, Napoli, Italy
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19
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Hiller C, Kühhorn J, Gmeiner P. Class A G-Protein-Coupled Receptor (GPCR) Dimers and Bivalent Ligands. J Med Chem 2013; 56:6542-59. [DOI: 10.1021/jm4004335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christine Hiller
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy,
Emil Fischer
Center, Friedrich Alexander University,
Schuhstraße 19, 91052 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Julia Kühhorn
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy,
Emil Fischer
Center, Friedrich Alexander University,
Schuhstraße 19, 91052 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Peter Gmeiner
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy,
Emil Fischer
Center, Friedrich Alexander University,
Schuhstraße 19, 91052 Erlangen, Germany
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20
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Ye N, Neumeyer JL, Baldessarini RJ, Zhen X, Zhang A. Update 1 of: Recent Progress in Development of Dopamine Receptor Subtype-Selective Agents: Potential Therapeutics for Neurological and Psychiatric Disorders. Chem Rev 2013; 113:PR123-78. [DOI: 10.1021/cr300113a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Na Ye
- CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, and Synthetic Organic & Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory (SOMCL), Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica (SIMM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China 201203
| | - John L. Neumeyer
- Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory,
McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts 02478, United States
| | | | - Xuechu Zhen
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China 215123
| | - Ao Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, and Synthetic Organic & Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory (SOMCL), Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica (SIMM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China 201203
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21
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Identification of a novel arylpiperazine scaffold for fatty acid amide hydrolase inhibition with improved drug disposition properties. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2013; 23:492-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2012.11.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2012] [Revised: 11/07/2012] [Accepted: 11/09/2012] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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22
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Pessoa-Mahana H, Recabarren-Gajardo G, Temer JF, Zapata-Torres G, Pessoa-Mahana CD, Barría CS, Araya-Maturana R. Synthesis, docking studies and biological evaluation of benzo[b]thiophen-2-yl-3-(4-arylpiperazin-1-yl)-propan-1-one derivatives on 5-HT1A serotonin receptors. Molecules 2012; 17:1388-407. [PMID: 22306829 PMCID: PMC6268179 DOI: 10.3390/molecules17021388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2011] [Revised: 01/28/2012] [Accepted: 01/30/2012] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
A series of novel benzo[b]thiophen-2-yl-3-(4-arylpiperazin-1-yl)-propan-1-one derivatives 6a-f, 7a-f and their corresponding alcohols 8a-f were synthesized and evaluated for their affinity towards 5-HT(1A) receptors. The influence of arylpiperazine moiety and benzo[b]thiophene ring substitutions on binding affinity was studied. The most promising analogue, 1-(benzo[b]thiophen-2-yl)-3-(4-(pyridin-2-yl)piperazin-1-yl)propan-1-one (7e) displayed micromolar affinity (K(i) = 2.30 μM) toward 5-HT(1A) sites. Docking studies shed light on the relevant electrostatic interactions which could explain the observed affinity for this compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hernán Pessoa-Mahana
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Fisicoquímica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Casilla 233, Santiago 1, Chile.
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23
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New potent 5-HT2A receptor ligands containing an N′-cyanopicolinamidine nucleus: Synthesis and in vitro pharmacological evaluation. Eur J Med Chem 2012; 47:520-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2011.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2011] [Revised: 11/09/2011] [Accepted: 11/10/2011] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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24
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Singh N, Hazari PP, Prakash S, Chuttani K, Khurana H, Chandra H, Mishra AK. A homodimeric bivalent radioligand derived from 1-(2-methoxyphenyl)piperazine with high affinity for in vivo 5-HT1A receptor imaging. MEDCHEMCOMM 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2md20062g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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25
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Barceló M, Raviña E, Varela MJ, Brea J, Loza MI, Masaguer CF. Potential atypical antipsychotics: synthesis, binding affinity and SAR of new heterocyclic bioisosteric butyrophenone analogues as multitarget ligands. MEDCHEMCOMM 2011. [DOI: 10.1039/c1md00202c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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