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Liu Z, Bao Z, Yu B, Chen L, Yang G. Pemetrexed ameliorates Con A-induced hepatic injury by restricting M1 macrophage activation. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 125:111158. [PMID: 37925950 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.111158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH), characterized by immune-driven liver destruction and cytokine production, is a progressive inflammatory liver condition that may progress to hepatic cirrhosis or tumors. However, the underlying mechanism is not well understood, and the treatment options for this disease are limited. Pemetrexed (PEM), a clinically used anti-folate drug for treating various tumors, was found to inhibit the nuclear factor (NF)-κB signaling pathways that exert an important role in the development of AIH. Here, we investigated the impact of PEM on immune-mediated hepatic injuries using a murine model of Concanavalin A (Con A)-induced hepatitis, a well-established model for AIH. Mice received intraperitoneal PEM injections 3 times at 12-hour intervals, and two hours later, they were challenged with Con A. Liver samples and serum were collected after 10 h. The results indicate that PEM significantly improved mouse survival rates and lowered serum transaminase levels. Moreover, PEM effectively alleviated oxidative stress, reduced histopathological liver damage, and mitigated hepatocyte apoptosis. Notably, it reduced the activation of M1-type macrophages in the liver. The expression of proinflammatory cytokines and genes associated with M1 macrophages, such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-6, IL-12, IL-1β, and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), was also decreased. Finally, the results indicated that PEM regulates M1 macrophage activation by modulating the NF-κB signaling pathways. Overall, these results demonstrate that PEM effectively guards against immune-mediated hepatic injuries induced by Con A by inhibiting M1 macrophage activation through the NF-κB signaling pathways and indicate the potential of PEM as a practical treatment option for AIH in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaiyi Liu
- Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, China; School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Zhiyue Bao
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Bo Yu
- School of Clinical Medicine, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Lihong Chen
- Health Science Center, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guangrui Yang
- Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, China; School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning, China; School of Clinical Medicine, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai, China.
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2
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Guo L, Wang J, Li N, Cui J, Su Y. Peptides for diagnosis and treatment of ovarian cancer. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1135523. [PMID: 37213272 PMCID: PMC10196167 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1135523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is the most deadly gynecologic malignancy, and its incidence is gradually increasing. Despite improvements after treatment, the results are unsatisfactory and survival rates are relatively low. Therefore, early diagnosis and effective treatment remain two major challenges. Peptides have received significant attention in the search for new diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. Radiolabeled peptides specifically bind to cancer cell surface receptors for diagnostic purposes, while differential peptides in bodily fluids can also be used as new diagnostic markers. In terms of treatment, peptides can exert cytotoxic effects directly or act as ligands for targeted drug delivery. Peptide-based vaccines are an effective approach for tumor immunotherapy and have achieved clinical benefit. In addition, several advantages of peptides, such as specific targeting, low immunogenicity, ease of synthesis and high biosafety, make peptides attractive alternative tools for the diagnosis and treatment of cancer, particularly ovarian cancer. In this review, we focus on the recent research progress regarding peptides in the diagnosis and treatment of ovarian cancer, and their potential applications in the clinical setting.
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3
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Hou C, Sha W, Li Y, Yao M, Ren J. A modified xanthine oxidase cell model for screening of antihyperuricemic functional compounds. Food Funct 2022; 13:10546-10557. [PMID: 36155703 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo00297c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Hyperuricemia is a purine metabolism disorder, with increasing prevalence worldwide. Here, a high throughput cell model for screening of antihyperuricemic compounds was set up. Human kidney cells (HK2 cells) were stimulated with adenosine and the resulting supernatant and lysate were then analyzed using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The results showed that hypoxanthine content was increased in both HK2 cells supernatant and xanthine oxidase (XO)-overexpressing HK2 cells lysate, but no uric acid was detected due to lower endogenous XO content in these cells. Exogenous XO was added to the supernatant, and then used to evaluate the antihyperuricemic activity of Febuxostat and two the previously identified peptides, Pro-Gly-Ala-Cys-Ser-Asn (PGACSN) and Trp-Met-Leu (WML). By adding exogenous XO, this combined-adenosine-XO-induced hyperuricemia model was optimized and established, and the Febuxostat and peptides were confirmed to significantly reduce uric acid production in the HK2 cells supernatant (p < 0.05). Therefore, this cell model could be recommended for screening potential bioactive antihyperuricemic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanli Hou
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Wangqian Sha
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Yujuan Li
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Maojin Yao
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease and China State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou 510182, China
| | - Jiaoyan Ren
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.,China-Singapore International Joint Research Institute, Huangpu District, Guangzhou, 510663, China
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4
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Marverti G, Marraccini C, Martello A, D'Arca D, Pacifico S, Guerrini R, Spyrakis F, Gozzi G, Lauriola A, Santucci M, Cannazza G, Tagliazucchi L, Cazzato AS, Losi L, Ferrari S, Ponterini G, Costi MP. Folic Acid-Peptide Conjugates Combine Selective Cancer Cell Internalization with Thymidylate Synthase Dimer Interface Targeting. J Med Chem 2021; 64:3204-3221. [PMID: 33710891 PMCID: PMC8041318 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c02107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Drug-target interaction, cellular internalization, and target engagement should be addressed to design a lead with high chances of success in further optimization stages. Accordingly, we have designed conjugates of folic acid with anticancer peptides able to bind human thymidylate synthase (hTS) and enter cancer cells through folate receptor α (FRα) highly expressed by several cancer cells. Mechanistic analyses and molecular modeling simulations have shown that these conjugates bind the hTS monomer-monomer interface with affinities over 20 times larger than the enzyme active site. When tested on several cancer cell models, these conjugates exhibited FRα selectivity at nanomolar concentrations. A similar selectivity was observed when the conjugates were delivered in synergistic or additive combinations with anticancer agents. At variance with 5-fluorouracil and other anticancer drugs that target the hTS catalytic pocket, these conjugates do not induce overexpression of this protein and can thus help combating drug resistance associated with high hTS levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaetano Marverti
- Department Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 287, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Chiara Marraccini
- Department Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 103, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Andrea Martello
- Department Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 287, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Domenico D'Arca
- Department Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 287, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Salvatore Pacifico
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Remo Guerrini
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Francesca Spyrakis
- Department Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 103, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Gaia Gozzi
- Department Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 287, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Angela Lauriola
- Department Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 287, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Matteo Santucci
- Department Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 103, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Cannazza
- Department Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 103, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Tagliazucchi
- Department Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 103, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | | | - Lorena Losi
- Department Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 103, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Stefania Ferrari
- Department Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 103, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Glauco Ponterini
- Department Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 103, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Maria P Costi
- Department Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 103, 41125 Modena, Italy
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5
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Chen J, Wang Z, Gao S, Wu K, Bai F, Zhang Q, Wang H, Ye Q, Xu F, Sun H, Lu Y, Liu Y. Human drug efflux transporter ABCC5 confers acquired resistance to pemetrexed in breast cancer. Cancer Cell Int 2021; 21:136. [PMID: 33632224 PMCID: PMC7908708 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-021-01842-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim Pemetrexed, a new generation antifolate drug, has been approved for the treatment of locally advanced or metastatic breast cancer. However, factors affecting its efficacy and resistance have not been fully elucidated yet. ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters are predictors of prognosis as well as of adverse effects of several xenobiotics. This study was designed to explore whether ABC transporters affect pemetrexed resistance and can contribute to the optimization of breast cancer treatment regimen. Methods First, we measured the expression levels of ABC transporter family members in cell lines. Subsequently, we assessed the potential role of ABC transporters in conferring resistance to pemetrexed in primary breast cancer cells isolated from 34 breast cancer patients and the role of ABCC5 in mediating pemetrexed transport and apoptotic pathways in MCF-7 cells. Finally, the influence of ABCC5 expression on the therapeutic effect of pemetrexed was evaluated in an in vivo xenograft mouse model of breast cancer. Results The expression levels of ABCC2, ABCC4, ABCC5, and ABCG2 significantly increased in the pan-resistant cell line, and the ABCC5 level in the MCF-7-ADR cell line was 5.21 times higher than that in the control group. ABCC5 expression was inversely correlated with pemetrexed sensitivity (IC50, r = 0.741; p < 0.001) in breast cancer cells derived from 34 patients. Furthermore, we found that the expression level of ABCC5 influenced the efflux and cytotoxicity of pemetrexed in MCF-7 cells, with IC50 values of 0.06 and 0.20 μg/mL in ABCC5 knockout and over-expression cells, respectively. In the in vivo study, we observed that ABCC5 affected the sensitivity of pemetrexed in breast tumor-bearing mice, and the tumor volume was much larger in the ABCC5-overexpressing group than in the control group when compared with their own initial volumes (2.7-fold vs. 1.3-fold). Conclusions Our results indicated that ABCC5 expression was associated with pemetrexed resistance in vitro and in vivo, and it may serve as a target or biomarker for the optimization of pemetrexed regimen in breast cancer treatment. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12935-021-01842-x.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihui Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Xin Hua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Zhipeng Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200003, China
| | - Shouhong Gao
- Department of Pharmacy, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200003, China
| | - Kejin Wu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Fang Bai
- Department of Breast Surgery, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Qiqiang Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Xin Hua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Hongyu Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Xin Hua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Qin Ye
- Department of Pharmacy, Xin Hua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Fengjing Xu
- Department of Pharmacy, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200003, China
| | - Hong Sun
- Department of Pharmacy, Provincial Clinical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, 350001, China
| | - Yunshu Lu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200011, China.
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Xin Hua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai, 200092, China.
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6
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Wang X, Liu G, Sheng N, Zhang M, Pan X, Liu S, Huang K, Cong Y, Xu Q, Jia X, Xu J. Peptidome characterization of ovarian cancer serum and the identification of tumor suppressive peptide ZYX 36-58. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2020; 8:925. [PMID: 32953725 PMCID: PMC7475411 DOI: 10.21037/atm-20-2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Background Several serum biomarkers, including miRNA, mRNA, protein and peptides in cancer patients are also important mediators of cancer progression. Methods The differentially expressed peptides between the serum of ovarian cancer patients and healthy controls were analyzed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The function of the peptides was analyzed by CCK8, transwell, wound healing, and flow cytometry analysis. And the mechanism of the peptides was analyzed by peptide pull down, and high-throughput RNA-sequencing. Results A total of 7 and 46 peptides were significantly up-regulated and down-regulated in the serum of ovarian cancer patients, respectively. The precursor proteins of the differentially expressed peptides mainly involved in the complement and coagulation cascades, platelet activation, phagosome and focal adhesion pathways. Interestingly, focal adhesion, platelet activation, platelet-cancer cell interaction, complement activation, coagulation cascades and phagosome formation are all critical factors for cancer initiation or progression, which indicated that the peptides may play a crucial role in cancer development. And we identified one peptide, ZYX36-58, which was down-regulated in the serum of ovarian cancer patients, significantly inhibited invasion and migration and promoted the apoptosis of ovarian cancer cells. Mechanistic study indicated that ZYX36-58 interacted with and increased the protein level of the antiangiogenic protein thrombospondin-1 (TSP1), which has a tumor suppressive effect on ovarian cancer. Conclusions ZYX36-58, which was significantly down-regulated in the serum of ovarian cancer patients can significantly inhibit cell invasion, migration and promote apoptosis of ovarian cancer cells by binding and up-regulating TSP1 protein expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xusu Wang
- Department of Gynecology, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital), Nanjing, China
| | - Guangquan Liu
- Department of Gynecology, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital), Nanjing, China
| | - Na Sheng
- Model Animal Research Center of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Mi Zhang
- Department of Gynecology, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital), Nanjing, China
| | - Xinxing Pan
- Department of Gynecology, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital), Nanjing, China
| | - Siyu Liu
- Department of Gynecology, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital), Nanjing, China
| | - Ke Huang
- Department of Gynecology, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital), Nanjing, China
| | - Yu Cong
- Department of Gynecology, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital), Nanjing, China
| | - Qing Xu
- Department of Gynecology, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital), Nanjing, China
| | - Xuemei Jia
- Department of Gynecology, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital), Nanjing, China
| | - Juan Xu
- Department of Gynecology, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital), Nanjing, China
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7
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A Peptidic Thymidylate-Synthase Inhibitor Loaded on Pegylated Liposomes Enhances the Antitumour Effect of Chemotherapy Drugs in Human Ovarian Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21124452. [PMID: 32585842 PMCID: PMC7352236 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21124452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Revised: 06/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
There is currently no effective long-term treatment for ovarian cancer (OC) resistant to poly-chemotherapy regimens based on platinum drugs. Preclinical and clinical studies have demonstrated a strong association between development of Pt-drug resistance and increased thymidylate synthase (hTS) expression, and the consequent cross-resistance to the hTS inhibitors 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and raltitrexed (RTX). In the present work, we propose a new tool to combat drug resistance. We propose to treat OC cell lines, both Pt-sensitive and -resistant, with dual combinations of one of the four chemotherapeutic agents that are widely used in the clinic, and the new peptide, hTS inhibitor, [D-Gln4]LR. This binds hTS allosterically and, unlike classical inhibitors that bind at the catalytic pocket, causes cell growth inhibition without inducing hTS overexpression. The dual drug combinations showed schedule-dependent synergistic antiproliferative and apoptotic effects. We observed that the simultaneous treatment or 24h pre-treatment of OC cells with the peptide followed by either agent produced synergistic effects even in resistant cells. Similar synergistic or antagonistic effects were obtained by delivering the peptide into OC cells either by means of a commercial delivery system (SAINT-PhD) or by pH sensitive PEGylated liposomes. Relative to non-PEGylated liposomes, the latter had been previously characterized and found to allow macrophage escape, thus increasing their chance to reach the tumour tissue. The transition from the SAINT-PhD delivery system to the engineered liposomes represents an advancement towards a more drug-like delivery system and a further step towards the use of peptides for in vivo studies. Overall, the results suggest that the association of standard drugs, such as cDDP and/or 5-FU and/or RTX, with the novel peptidic TS inhibitor encapsulated into PEGylated pH-sensitive liposomes can represent a promising strategy for fighting resistance to cDDP and anti-hTS drugs.
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8
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Damercheli M, Mahdi M, Mehravi B, Shafiee Ardestani M. Bioactive Salen-type Schiff Base Transition Metal Complexes as Possible Anticancer Agents. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH : IJPR 2020; 18:2055-2066. [PMID: 32184869 PMCID: PMC7059031 DOI: 10.22037/ijpr.2019.12792.11151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Although metal-based anticancer drugs have been recognized as the most effective agents over the organic compounds, non-selectivity and high toxic effects have limited their applications in a way that only three Pt-analogues have progressed into clinical use. These problems have spurred chemists to develop different strategies based on alternative targets. This work focuses on predicting potency and mode of interactions of a series of salen type Schiff base transition metal complexes derived from meso-1,2-diphenyl-1,2-ethylenediamine, over some proteins (HDAC7, HDAC2, CatB, B-RAF kinase, TopII, RNR, TS, and rHA) using computational docking method, to be later considered as possible anticancer agents. The obtained results showed that all complexes exhibited higher affinity for HDAC7 than the other targets. Moreover, the bromo-derivatives of the copper compounds were more active on HDAC7 than the other derivatives. Such bromo compounds showed considerable interactions with Kinase, RNR, TS, and CatB. Contrary to Histone deacetylase (HAD)C7; HDAC2 was predicted to be relatively poor target. As expected, formation of the hydrophobic interactions between the metal complexes and the protein targets were essential for activity of the metal compounds. This study provides some more information for further optimizations and development of new metallodrugs as enzyme inhibitors for potential therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Damercheli
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Semnan University, Semnan, Iran
| | - Mahdi Mahdi
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Semnan University, Semnan, Iran
| | - Bita Mehravi
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Technology in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Shafiee Ardestani
- Department of Radiopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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9
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Pacifico S, Santucci M, Luciani R, Saxena P, Linciano P, Ponterini G, Lauriola A, D'Arca D, Marverti G, Guerrini R, Costi MP. Cyclic Peptides Acting as Allosteric Inhibitors of Human Thymidylate Synthase and Cancer Cell Growth. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24193493. [PMID: 31561530 PMCID: PMC6804113 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24193493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2019] [Revised: 09/14/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Thymidylate synthase (TS) is a prominent drug target for different cancer types. However, the prolonged use of its classical inhibitors, substrate analogs that bind at the active site, leads to TS overexpression and drug resistance in the clinic. In the effort to identify anti-TS drugs with new modes of action and able to overcome platinum drug resistance in ovarian cancer, octapeptides with a new allosteric inhibition mechanism were identified as cancer cell growth inhibitors that do not cause TS overexpression. To improve the biological properties, 10 cyclic peptides (cPs) were designed from the lead peptides and synthesized. The cPs were screened for the ability to inhibit recombinant human thymidylate synthase (hTS), and peptide 7 was found to act as an allosteric inhibitor more potent than its parent open-chain peptide [Pro3]LR. In cytotoxicity studies on three human ovarian cancer cell lines, IGROV-1, A2780, and A2780/CP, peptide 5 and two other cPs, including 7, showed IC50 values comparable with those of the reference drug 5-fluorouracil, of the open-chain peptide [d-Gln4]LR, and of another seven prolyl derivatives of the lead peptide LR. These promising results indicate cP 7 as a possible lead compound to be chemically modified with the aim of improving both allosteric TS inhibitory activity and anticancer effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvatore Pacifico
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ferrara, via Fossato di Mortara 17-19, 44100 Ferrara, Italy.
| | - Matteo Santucci
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, via Campi, 103, 41125 Modena, Italy.
| | - Rosaria Luciani
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, via Campi, 103, 41125 Modena, Italy.
| | - Puneet Saxena
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, via Campi, 103, 41125 Modena, Italy.
| | - Pasquale Linciano
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, via Campi, 103, 41125 Modena, Italy.
| | - Glauco Ponterini
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, via Campi, 103, 41125 Modena, Italy.
| | - Angela Lauriola
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, via Campi, 103, 41125 Modena, Italy.
| | - Domenico D'Arca
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, via Campi 287, 41125 Modena, Italy.
| | - Gaetano Marverti
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, via Campi 287, 41125 Modena, Italy.
| | - Remo Guerrini
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ferrara, via Fossato di Mortara 17-19, 44100 Ferrara, Italy.
| | - Maria Paola Costi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, via Campi, 103, 41125 Modena, Italy.
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10
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Sacchetti F, Marverti G, D'Arca D, Severi L, Maretti E, Iannuccelli V, Pacifico S, Ponterini G, Costi MP, Leo E. pH-Promoted Release of a Novel Anti-Tumour Peptide by "Stealth" Liposomes: Effect of Nanocarriers on the Drug Activity in Cis-Platinum Resistant Cancer Cells. Pharm Res 2018; 35:206. [PMID: 30209680 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-018-2489-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2018] [Accepted: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the potential effects of PEGylated pH-sensitive liposomes on the intracellular activity of a new peptide recently characterized as a novel inhibitor of the human thymidylate synthase (hTS) over-expressed in many drug-resistant human cancer cell lines. METHODS Peptide-loaded pH-sensitive PEGylated (PpHL) and non-PEGylated liposomes (nPpHL) were carefully characterized and delivered to cis-platinum resistant ovarian cancer C13* cells; the influence of the PpHL on the drug intracellular activity was investigated by the Western Blot analysis of proteins involved in the pathway affected by hTS inhibition. RESULTS Although PpHL and nPpHL showed different sizes, surface hydrophilicities and serum stabilities, both carriers entrapped the drug efficiently and stably demonstrating a pH dependent release; moreover, the different behavior against J774 macrophage cells confirmed the ability of PEGylation in protecting liposomes from the reticuloendothelial system. Comparable effects were instead observed against C13* cells and biochemical data by immunoblot analysis indicated that PEGylated pH-sensitive liposomes do not modify the proteomic profile of the cells, fully preserving the activity of the biomolecule. CONCLUSION PpHL can be considered as efficient delivery systems for the new promising anti-cancer peptide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Sacchetti
- Department of Life Science, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 103, 41125, Modena, Italy
| | - Gaetano Marverti
- Department Biomedical, Metabolic and Neurosciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Campi, 287, Modena, Italy
| | - Domenico D'Arca
- Department Biomedical, Metabolic and Neurosciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Campi, 287, Modena, Italy
| | - Leda Severi
- Department of Life Science, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 103, 41125, Modena, Italy
| | - Eleonora Maretti
- Department of Life Science, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 103, 41125, Modena, Italy
| | - Valentina Iannuccelli
- Department of Life Science, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 103, 41125, Modena, Italy
| | - Salvatore Pacifico
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ferrara, via Fossato di Mortara 17-19, 44100, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Glauco Ponterini
- Department of Life Science, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 103, 41125, Modena, Italy
| | - Maria Paola Costi
- Department of Life Science, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 103, 41125, Modena, Italy
| | - Eliana Leo
- Department of Life Science, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 103, 41125, Modena, Italy.
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11
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Saxena P, Severi L, Santucci M, Taddia L, Ferrari S, Luciani R, Marverti G, Marraccini C, Tondi D, Mor M, Scalvini L, Vitiello S, Losi L, Fonda S, Pacifico S, Guerrini R, D’Arca D, Ponterini G, Costi MP. Conformational Propensity and Biological Studies of Proline Mutated LR Peptides Inhibiting Human Thymidylate Synthase and Ovarian Cancer Cell Growth. J Med Chem 2018; 61:7374-7380. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.7b01699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Puneet Saxena
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 103, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Leda Severi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 103, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Matteo Santucci
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 103, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Laura Taddia
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 103, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Stefania Ferrari
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 103, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Rosaria Luciani
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 103, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Gaetano Marverti
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 287, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Chiara Marraccini
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 103, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Donatella Tondi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 103, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Marco Mor
- Dipartimento di Scienze degli Alimenti e del Farmaco, Università di Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 27/A, I-43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Laura Scalvini
- Dipartimento di Scienze degli Alimenti e del Farmaco, Università di Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 27/A, I-43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Simone Vitiello
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 103, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Lorena Losi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 103, 41125 Modena, Italy
- Pathological Anatomy, Via del Pozzo 71, 41124 Modena, Italy
| | - Sergio Fonda
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 103, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Salvatore Pacifico
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Remo Guerrini
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
- LTTA (Laboratorio per le Tecnologie delle Terapie Avanzate), Via Fossato di Mortara 17-19, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Domenico D’Arca
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 287, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Glauco Ponterini
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 103, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Maria Paola Costi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 103, 41125 Modena, Italy
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12
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Ferrari S, Severi L, Pozzi C, Quotadamo A, Ponterini G, Losi L, Marverti G, Costi MP. Human Thymidylate Synthase Inhibitors Halting Ovarian Cancer Growth. VITAMINS AND HORMONES 2018; 107:473-513. [PMID: 29544641 DOI: 10.1016/bs.vh.2017.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Human thymidylate synthase (hTS) has an important role in DNA biosynthesis, thus it is essential for cell survival. TS is involved in the folate pathways, specifically in the de novo pyrimidine biosynthesis. Structure and functions are intimately correlated, account for cellular activity and, in a broader view, with in vivo mechanisms. hTS is a target for anticancer agents, some of which are clinical drugs. The understanding of the detailed mechanism of TS inhibition by currently used drugs and of the interaction with the mechanism of action of other anticancer agents can suggest new perspective of TS inhibition able to improve the anticancer effect and to overcome drug resistance. TS-targeting drugs in therapy today are inhibitors that bind at the active site and that mostly resemble the substrates. Nonsubstrate analogs offer an opportunity for allosteric binding and novel mode of inhibition in the cancer cells. This chapter illustrates the relationship among the large number of hTS actions at molecular and clinical levels, its role as a target for ovarian cancer therapy, in particular in cases of overexpression of hTS and other folate proteins such as those induced by platinum drug treatments, and address the potential combination of TS inhibitors with other suitable anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Leda Severi
- University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Lorena Losi
- University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
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13
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Jarmuła A, Wilk P, Maj P, Ludwiczak J, Dowierciał A, Banaszak K, Rypniewski W, Cieśla J, Dąbrowska M, Frączyk T, Bronowska AK, Jakowiecki J, Filipek S, Rode W. Crystal structures of nematode (parasitic T. spiralis and free living C. elegans), compared to mammalian, thymidylate synthases (TS). Molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations in search for nematode-specific inhibitors of TS. J Mol Graph Model 2017; 77:33-50. [PMID: 28826032 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2017.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2017] [Revised: 08/05/2017] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Three crystal structures are presented of nematode thymidylate synthases (TS), including Caenorhabditis elegans (Ce) enzyme without ligands and its ternary complex with dUMP and Raltitrexed, and binary complex of Trichinella spiralis (Ts) enzyme with dUMP. In search of differences potentially relevant for the development of species-specific inhibitors of the nematode enzyme, a comparison was made of the present Ce and Ts enzyme structures, as well as binary complex of Ce enzyme with dUMP, with the corresponding mammalian (human, mouse and rat) enzyme crystal structures. To complement the comparison, tCONCOORD computations were performed to evaluate dynamic behaviors of mammalian and nematode TS structures. Finally, comparative molecular docking combined with molecular dynamics and free energy of binding calculations were carried out to search for ligands showing selective affinity to T. spiralis TS. Despite an overall strong similarity in structure and dynamics of nematode vs mammalian TSs, a pool of ligands demonstrating predictively a strong and selective binding to TsTS has been delimited. These compounds, the E63 family, locate in the dimerization interface of TsTS where they exert species-specific interactions with certain non-conserved residues, including hydrogen bonds with Thr174 and hydrophobic contacts with Phe192, Cys191 and Tyr152. The E63 family of ligands opens the possibility of future development of selective inhibitors of TsTS and effective agents against trichinellosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Jarmuła
- Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warszawa, Poland.
| | - Piotr Wilk
- Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warszawa, Poland; Macromolecular Crystallography (BESSY-MX), Berlin, Germany
| | - Piotr Maj
- Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warszawa, Poland
| | - Jan Ludwiczak
- Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warszawa, Poland; Centre of New Technologies, University of Warsaw, Warszawa, Poland
| | - Anna Dowierciał
- Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warszawa, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Banaszak
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Wojciech Rypniewski
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Joanna Cieśla
- Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warszawa, Poland
| | - Magdalena Dąbrowska
- Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warszawa, Poland
| | - Tomasz Frączyk
- Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warszawa, Poland
| | | | | | | | - Wojciech Rode
- Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warszawa, Poland
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14
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Sacchetti F, D'Arca D, Genovese F, Pacifico S, Maretti E, Hanuskova M, Iannuccelli V, Costi MP, Leo E. Conveying a newly designed hydrophilic anti-human thymidylate synthase peptide to cisplatin resistant cancer cells: are pH-sensitive liposomes more effective than conventional ones? Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2016; 43:465-473. [DOI: 10.1080/03639045.2016.1262870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Sacchetti
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Domenico D'Arca
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolical and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Filippo Genovese
- Centro Interdipartimentale Grandi Strumenti (CIGS), University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Salvatore Pacifico
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, 44100, Italy
| | - Eleonora Maretti
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Miriam Hanuskova
- Department of Engineering Enzo Ferrari, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | | | - Maria Paola Costi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Eliana Leo
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
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15
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Intracellular quantitative detection of human thymidylate synthase engagement with an unconventional inhibitor using tetracysteine-diarsenical-probe technology. Sci Rep 2016; 6:27198. [PMID: 27250901 PMCID: PMC4890114 DOI: 10.1038/srep27198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2016] [Accepted: 05/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Demonstrating a candidate drug's interaction with its target protein in live cells is of pivotal relevance to the successful outcome of the drug discovery process. Although thymidylate synthase (hTS) is an important anticancer target protein, the efficacy of the few anti-hTS drugs currently used in clinical practice is limited by the development of resistance. Hence, there is an intense search for new, unconventional anti-hTS drugs; there are approximately 1600 ongoing clinical trials involving hTS-targeting drugs, both alone and in combination protocols. We recently discovered new, unconventional peptidic inhibitors of hTS that are active against cancer cells and do not result in the overexpression of hTS, which is a known molecular source of resistance. Here, we propose an adaptation of the recently proposed tetracysteine-arsenic-binding-motif technology to detect and quantitatively characterize the engagement of hTS with one such peptidic inhibitor in cell lysates. This new model can be developed into a test for high-throughput screening studies of intracellular target-protein/small-molecule binding.
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16
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Sacchetti F, Marraccini C, D’Arca D, Pelà M, Pinetti D, Maretti E, Hanuskova M, Iannuccelli V, Costi MP, Leo E. Enhanced anti-hyperproliferative activity of human thymidylate synthase inhibitor peptide by solid lipid nanoparticle delivery. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2015; 136:346-54. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2015.09.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2015] [Revised: 09/07/2015] [Accepted: 09/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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17
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Inside the biochemical pathways of thymidylate synthase perturbed by anticancer drugs: Novel strategies to overcome cancer chemoresistance. Drug Resist Updat 2015; 23:20-54. [PMID: 26690339 DOI: 10.1016/j.drup.2015.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2015] [Revised: 10/08/2015] [Accepted: 10/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Our current understanding of the mechanisms of action of antitumor agents and the precise mechanisms underlying drug resistance is that these two processes are directly linked. Moreover, it is often possible to delineate chemoresistance mechanisms based on the specific mechanism of action of a given anticancer drug. A more holistic approach to the chemoresistance problem suggests that entire metabolic pathways, rather than single enzyme targets may better explain and educate us about the complexity of the cellular responses upon cytotoxic drug administration. Drugs, which target thymidylate synthase and folate-dependent enzymes, represent an important therapeutic arm in the treatment of various human malignancies. However, prolonged patient treatment often provokes drug resistance phenomena that render the chemotherapeutic treatment highly ineffective. Hence, strategies to overcome drug resistance are primarily designed to achieve either enhanced intracellular drug accumulation, to avoid the upregulation of folate-dependent enzymes, and to circumvent the impairment of DNA repair enzymes which are also responsible for cross-resistance to various anticancer drugs. The current clinical practice based on drug combination therapeutic regimens represents the most effective approach to counteract drug resistance. In the current paper, we review the molecular aspects of the activity of TS-targeting drugs and describe how such mechanisms are related to the emergence of clinical drug resistance. We also discuss the current possibilities to overcome drug resistance by using a molecular mechanistic approach based on medicinal chemistry methods focusing on rational structural modifications of novel antitumor agents. This paper also focuses on the importance of the modulation of metabolic pathways upon drug administration, their analysis and the assessment of their putative roles in the networks involved using a meta-analysis approach. The present review describes the main pathways that are modulated by TS-targeting anticancer drugs starting from the description of the normal functioning of the folate metabolic pathway, through the protein modulation occurring upon drug delivery to cultured tumor cells as well as cancer patients, finally describing how the pathways are modulated by drug resistance development. The data collected are then analyzed using network/netwire connecting methods in order to provide a wider view of the pathways involved and of the importance of such information in identifying additional proteins that could serve as novel druggable targets for efficacious cancer therapy.
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18
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Tochowicz A, Santucci M, Saxena P, Guaitoli G, Trande M, Finer-Moore J, Stroud RM, Costi MP. Alanine mutants of the interface residues of human thymidylate synthase decode key features of the binding mode of allosteric anticancer peptides. J Med Chem 2014; 58:1012-8. [PMID: 25427005 DOI: 10.1021/jm5011176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Allosteric peptide inhibitors of thymidylate synthase (hTS) bind to the dimer interface and stabilize the inactive form of the protein. Four interface residues were mutated to alanine, and interaction studies were employed to decode the key role of these residues in the peptide molecular recognition. This led to the identification of three crucial interface residues F59, L198, and Y202 that impart activity to the peptide inhibitors and suggest the binding area for further inhibitor design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Tochowicz
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California-San Francisco , 600 16th Street, San Francisco, California 94158, United States
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19
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Cannazza G, Cazzato AS, Marraccini C, Pavesi G, Pirondi S, Guerrini R, Pelà M, Frassineti C, Ferrari S, Marverti G, Ponterini G, Costi MP. Internalization and stability of a thymidylate synthase Peptide inhibitor in ovarian cancer cells. J Med Chem 2014; 57:10551-6. [PMID: 25353379 DOI: 10.1021/jm501397h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Information on the cellular internalization and stability of the ovarian cancer cell growth inhibitor peptide, LSCQLYQR (LR), is vital for lead optimization. Ad-hoc-synthesized LR/fluorescent-probe conjugates were used to monitor the internalization of the peptide. Mass spectrometry was used to identify adducts resulting from the thiol reactivity of the cysteine residue in LR. A mechanistic model is proposed to explain the observed change in intracellular peptide amount over time. Structural modifications can be foreseen to improve the peptide stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Cannazza
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia , Via Campi 183, 41125 Modena, Italy
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20
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Genovese F, Gualandi A, Taddia L, Marverti G, Pirondi S, Marraccini C, Perco P, Pelà M, Guerrini R, Amoroso MR, Esposito F, Martello A, Ponterini G, D’Arca D, Costi MP. Mass Spectrometric/Bioinformatic Identification of a Protein Subset That Characterizes the Cellular Activity of Anticancer Peptides. J Proteome Res 2014; 13:5250-61. [DOI: 10.1021/pr500510v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Filippo Genovese
- C.I.G.S., University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via
G. Campi 213/A, Modena 41125, Italy
| | - Alessandra Gualandi
- Department
of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Giuseppe
Campi 183, Modena 41125, Italy
| | - Laura Taddia
- Department
of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Giuseppe
Campi 183, Modena 41125, Italy
| | - Gaetano Marverti
- Department
of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Giuseppe Campi 183, Modena 41125, Italy
| | - Silvia Pirondi
- Department
of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Giuseppe
Campi 183, Modena 41125, Italy
| | - Chiara Marraccini
- Department
of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Giuseppe
Campi 183, Modena 41125, Italy
| | - Paul Perco
- Emergentec biodevelopment GmbH, Gersthofer Straße 29-31, Wien 1180, Austria
| | - Michela Pelà
- Department
of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 17-19, Ferrara 44100, Italy
| | - Remo Guerrini
- Department
of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 17-19, Ferrara 44100, Italy
| | - Maria Rosaria Amoroso
- Department
of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Giuseppe
Campi 183, Modena 41125, Italy
| | - Franca Esposito
- Department
of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via S. Pansini 5, Napoli 80131, Italy
| | - Andrea Martello
- Department
of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Giuseppe
Campi 183, Modena 41125, Italy
| | - Glauco Ponterini
- Department
of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Giuseppe
Campi 183, Modena 41125, Italy
| | - Domenico D’Arca
- Department
of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Giuseppe Campi 183, Modena 41125, Italy
| | - Maria Paola Costi
- Department
of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Giuseppe
Campi 183, Modena 41125, Italy
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