1
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Mai NT, Lan NT, Vu TY, Tung NT, Phung HTT. A computationally affordable approach for accurate prediction of the binding affinity of JAK2 inhibitors. J Mol Model 2022; 28:163. [DOI: 10.1007/s00894-022-05149-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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2
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Babu S, Nagarajan SK, Sathish S, Negi VS, Sohn H, Madhavan T. Identification of Potent and Selective JAK1 Lead Compounds Through Ligand-Based Drug Design Approaches. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:837369. [PMID: 35529449 PMCID: PMC9068899 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.837369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
JAK1 plays a significant role in the intracellular signaling by interacting with cytokine receptors in different types of cells and is linked to the pathogenesis of various cancers and in the pathology of the immune system. In this study, ligand-based pharmacophore modeling combined with virtual screening and molecular docking methods was incorporated to identify the potent and selective lead compounds for JAK1. Initially, the ligand-based pharmacophore models were generated using a set of 52 JAK1 inhibitors named C-2 methyl/hydroxyethyl imidazopyrrolopyridines derivatives. Twenty-seven pharmacophore models with five and six pharmacophore features were generated and validated using potency and selectivity validation methods. During potency validation, the Guner-Henry score was calculated to check the accuracy of the generated models, whereas in selectivity validation, the pharmacophore models that are capable of identifying selective JAK1 inhibitors were evaluated. Based on the validation results, the best pharmacophore models ADHRRR, DDHRRR, DDRRR, DPRRR, DHRRR, ADRRR, DDHRR, and ADPRR were selected and taken for virtual screening against the Maybridge, Asinex, Chemdiv, Enamine, Lifechemicals, and Zinc database to identify the new molecules with novel scaffold that can bind to JAK1. A total of 4,265 hits were identified from screening and checked for acceptable drug-like properties. A total of 2,856 hits were selected after ADME predictions and taken for Glide molecular docking to assess the accurate binding modes of the lead candidates. Ninety molecules were shortlisted based on binding energy and H-bond interactions with the important residues of JAK1. The docking results were authenticated by calculating binding free energy for protein–ligand complexes using the MM-GBSA calculation and induced fit docking methods. Subsequently, the cross-docking approach was carried out to recognize the selective JAK1 lead compounds. Finally, top five lead compounds that were potent and selective against JAK1 were selected and validated using molecular dynamics simulation. Besides, the density functional theory study was also carried out for the selected leads. Through various computational studies, we observed good potency and selectivity of these lead compounds when compared with the drug ruxolitinib. Compounds such as T5923555 and T5923531 were found to be the best and can be further validated using in vitro and in vivo methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sathya Babu
- Computational Biology Lab, Department of Genetic Engineering, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, SRM Nagar, Kattankulathur, India
| | - Santhosh Kumar Nagarajan
- Computational Biology Lab, Department of Genetic Engineering, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, SRM Nagar, Kattankulathur, India
| | - Sruthy Sathish
- Computational Biology Lab, Department of Genetic Engineering, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, SRM Nagar, Kattankulathur, India
| | - Vir Singh Negi
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Jawaharlal Institute of Post-Graduate Medical Education and Research, Pondicherry, India
| | - Honglae Sohn
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Carbon Materials, Chosun University, Gwangju, South Korea
- *Correspondence: Thirumurthy Madhavan, ; Honglae Sohn,
| | - Thirumurthy Madhavan
- Computational Biology Lab, Department of Genetic Engineering, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, SRM Nagar, Kattankulathur, India
- *Correspondence: Thirumurthy Madhavan, ; Honglae Sohn,
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3
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Wellaway CR, Baldwin IR, Bamborough P, Barker D, Bartholomew MA, Chung CW, Dümpelfeld B, Evans JP, Fazakerley NJ, Homes P, Keeling SP, Lewell XQ, McNab FW, Morley J, Needham D, Neu M, van Oosterhout AJM, Pal A, Reinhard FBM, Rianjongdee F, Robertson CM, Rowland P, Shah RR, Sherriff EB, Sloan LA, Teague S, Thomas DA, Wellaway N, Wojno-Picon J, Woolven JM, Coe DM. Investigation of Janus Kinase (JAK) Inhibitors for Lung Delivery and the Importance of Aldehyde Oxidase Metabolism. J Med Chem 2021; 65:633-664. [PMID: 34928601 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c01765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The Janus family of tyrosine kinases (JAK1, JAK2, JAK3, and TYK2) play an essential role in the receptor signaling of cytokines that have been implicated in the pathogenesis of severe asthma, and there is emerging interest in the development of small-molecule-inhaled JAK inhibitors as treatments. Here, we describe the optimization of a quinazoline series of JAK inhibitors and the results of mouse lung pharmacokinetic (PK) studies where only low concentrations of parent compound were observed. Subsequent investigations revealed that the low exposure was due to metabolism by aldehyde oxidase (AO), so we sought to identify quinazolines that were not metabolized by AO. We found that specific substituents at the quinazoline 2-position prevented AO metabolism and this was rationalized through computational docking studies in the AO binding site, but they compromised kinome selectivity. Results presented here highlight that AO metabolism is a potential issue in the lung.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher R Wellaway
- GSK, Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Ian R Baldwin
- GSK, Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Paul Bamborough
- GSK, Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Daniel Barker
- GSK, Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Michelle A Bartholomew
- GSK, Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Chun-Wa Chung
- GSK, Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Birgit Dümpelfeld
- Cellzome GmbH, A GlaxoSmithKline Company, Meyerhofstraße 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - John P Evans
- GSK, Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Neal J Fazakerley
- GSK, Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Paul Homes
- GSK, Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Steven P Keeling
- GSK, Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Xiao Q Lewell
- GSK, Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Finlay W McNab
- GSK, Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Joanne Morley
- GSK, Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Deborah Needham
- GSK, Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Margarete Neu
- GSK, Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | | | - Anshu Pal
- GSK, Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | | | - Francesco Rianjongdee
- GSK, Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Craig M Robertson
- GSK, Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Paul Rowland
- GSK, Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Rishi R Shah
- GSK, Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Emma B Sherriff
- GSK, Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Lisa A Sloan
- GSK, Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Simon Teague
- GSK, Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Daniel A Thomas
- GSK, Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Natalie Wellaway
- GSK, Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Justyna Wojno-Picon
- GSK, Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - James M Woolven
- GSK, Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Diane M Coe
- GSK, Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
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4
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Wang Y, Huang W, Xin M, Chen P, Gui L, Zhao X, Zhu X, Luo H, Cong X, Wang J, Liu F. Discovery of potent anti-inflammatory 4-(4,5,6,7-tetrahydrofuro[3,2-c]pyridin-2-yl) pyrimidin-2-amines for use as Janus kinase inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem 2019; 27:2592-2597. [PMID: 30926315 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2019.03.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Revised: 03/21/2019] [Accepted: 03/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The Janus kinase (JAK) family of tyrosine kinases has been proven to provide targeted immune modulation. Orally available JAK inhibitors have been used for the treatment of immune-mediated inflammatory diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Here, we report the design, synthesis and biological evaluation of 4-(4,5,6,7-tetrahydrofuro[3,2-c]pyridin-2-yl) pyrimidin-2-amino derivatives as JAK inhibitors. Systematic structure-activity relationship studies led to the discovery of compound 7j, which strongly inhibited the four isoforms of JAK kinases. Molecular modeling rationalized the importance of cyanoacetyl and phenylmorpholine moieties. The in vivo investigation indicated that compound 7j possessed favorable pharmacokinetic properties and displayed slightly better anti-inflammatory efficacy than tofacitinib at the same dosage. Accordingly, compound 7j was advanced into preclinical development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yazhou Wang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, PR China; Jiangsu Simcere Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Antitumor Drug Research, No 699-18, Xuanwu District, Nanjing 210042, PR China.
| | - Wei Huang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, PR China; Jiangsu Simcere Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Antitumor Drug Research, No 699-18, Xuanwu District, Nanjing 210042, PR China.
| | - Minhang Xin
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No 76, Yanta West Road, Xi'an 710061, PR China
| | - Pan Chen
- Jiangsu Simcere Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Antitumor Drug Research, No 699-18, Xuanwu District, Nanjing 210042, PR China; Nanjing Noratech Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., No 9 Weidi Road, Jiangsu Life Park, Qixia District, Nanjing 210046, PR China
| | - Li Gui
- Jiangsu Simcere Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Antitumor Drug Research, No 699-18, Xuanwu District, Nanjing 210042, PR China; Nanjing Noratech Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., No 9 Weidi Road, Jiangsu Life Park, Qixia District, Nanjing 210046, PR China
| | - Xinxin Zhao
- Jiangsu Simcere Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Antitumor Drug Research, No 699-18, Xuanwu District, Nanjing 210042, PR China; Nanjing Noratech Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., No 9 Weidi Road, Jiangsu Life Park, Qixia District, Nanjing 210046, PR China
| | - Xinrong Zhu
- Jiangsu Simcere Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Antitumor Drug Research, No 699-18, Xuanwu District, Nanjing 210042, PR China
| | - Hongpeng Luo
- Jiangsu Simcere Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Antitumor Drug Research, No 699-18, Xuanwu District, Nanjing 210042, PR China
| | - Xin Cong
- Jiangsu Simcere Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Antitumor Drug Research, No 699-18, Xuanwu District, Nanjing 210042, PR China
| | - Jia Wang
- Jiangsu Simcere Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Antitumor Drug Research, No 699-18, Xuanwu District, Nanjing 210042, PR China
| | - Fei Liu
- Jiangsu Simcere Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Antitumor Drug Research, No 699-18, Xuanwu District, Nanjing 210042, PR China; Nanjing Noratech Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., No 9 Weidi Road, Jiangsu Life Park, Qixia District, Nanjing 210046, PR China.
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5
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Yin Y, Chen CJ, Yu RN, Shu L, Zhang TT, Zhang DY. Discovery of novel selective Janus kinase 2 (JAK2) inhibitors bearing a 1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4-amino scaffold. Bioorg Med Chem 2019; 27:1562-1576. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2019.02.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2018] [Revised: 02/23/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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6
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Lin TE, HuangFu WC, Chao MW, Sung TY, Chang CD, Chen YY, Hsieh JH, Tu HJ, Huang HL, Pan SL, Hsu KC. A Novel Selective JAK2 Inhibitor Identified Using Pharmacological Interactions. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:1379. [PMID: 30564118 PMCID: PMC6288363 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.01379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The JAK2/STAT signaling pathway mediates cytokine receptor signals that are involved in cell growth, survival and homeostasis. JAK2 is a member of the Janus kinase (JAK) family and aberrant JAK2/STAT is involved with various diseases, making the pathway a therapeutic target. The similarity between the ATP binding site of protein kinases has made development of specific inhibitors difficult. Current JAK2 inhibitors are not selective and produce unwanted side effects. It is thought that increasing selectivity of kinase inhibitors may reduce the side effects seen with current treatment options. Thus, there is a great need for a selective JAK inhibitor. In this study, we identified a JAK2 specific inhibitor. We first identified key pharmacological interactions in the JAK2 binding site by analyzing known JAK2 inhibitors. Then, we performed structure-based virtual screening and filtered compounds based on their pharmacological interactions and identified compound NSC13626 as a potential JAK2 inhibitor. Results of enzymatic assays revealed that against a panel of kinases, compound NSC13626 is a JAK2 inhibitor and has high selectivity toward the JAK2 and JAK3 isozymes. Our cellular assays revealed that compound NSC13626 inhibits colorectal cancer cell (CRC) growth by downregulating phosphorylation of STAT3 and arresting the cell cycle in the S phase. Thus, we believe that compound NSC13626 has potential to be further optimized as a selective JAK2 drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tony Eight Lin
- Ph.D. Program for Cancer Molecular Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University and Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chun HuangFu
- Graduate Institute of Cancer Molecular Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Ph.D. Program in Biotechnology Research and Development, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Min-Wu Chao
- Graduate Institute of Cancer Molecular Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Ying Sung
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Di Chang
- Graduate Institute of Cancer Molecular Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ying Chen
- Graduate Institute of Cancer Molecular Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jui-Hua Hsieh
- Kelly Government Solutions, Research Triangle Park, NC, United States
| | - Huang-Ju Tu
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Han-Li Huang
- Biomedical Commercialization Center, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shiow-Lin Pan
- Graduate Institute of Cancer Molecular Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Ph.D. Program in Biotechnology Research and Development, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Biomedical Commercialization Center, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Cheng Hsu
- Graduate Institute of Cancer Molecular Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Biomedical Commercialization Center, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
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7
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Zhou Y, Liu X, Zhang Y, Peng L, Zhang JZH. Residue-specific free energy analysis in ligand bindings to JAK2. Mol Phys 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2018.1442596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Zhou
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics & New Drug Development, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Chemical Process, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University , Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao Liu
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics & New Drug Development, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Chemical Process, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University , Shanghai, China
| | - Youzhi Zhang
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics & New Drug Development, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Chemical Process, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University , Shanghai, China
| | - Long Peng
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics & New Drug Development, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Chemical Process, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University , Shanghai, China
| | - John Z. H. Zhang
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics & New Drug Development, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Chemical Process, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University , Shanghai, China
- NYU-ECNU Center for Computational Chemistry at NYU Shanghai , Shanghai, China
- Department of Chemistry, New York University , New York, NY, USA
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University , Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
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8
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Identification of 4-(2-furanyl)pyrimidin-2-amines as Janus kinase 2 inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem 2017; 25:75-83. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2016.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2016] [Revised: 10/07/2016] [Accepted: 10/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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9
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Kettle JG, Åstrand A, Catley M, Grimster NP, Nilsson M, Su Q, Woessner R. Inhibitors of JAK-family kinases: an update on the patent literature 2013-2015, part 1. Expert Opin Ther Pat 2016; 27:127-143. [PMID: 27774824 DOI: 10.1080/13543776.2017.1252753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Janus kinases (JAKs) are a family of four enzymes; JAK1, JAK2, JAK3 and tyrosine kinase 2 (TYK2) that are critical in cytokine signalling and are strongly linked to both cancer and inflammatory diseases. There are currently two launched JAK inhibitors for the treatment of human conditions: tofacitinib for Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and ruxolitinib for myeloproliferative neoplasms including intermediate or high risk myelofibrosis and polycythemia vera. Areas covered: This review covers patents claiming activity against one or more JAK family members in the period 2013-2015 inclusive, and covers 95 patents from 42 applicants, split over two parts. The authors have ordered recent patents according to the primary applicant's name, with part 1 covering A through to I. Expert opinion: Inhibition of JAK-family kinases is an area of growing interest, catalysed by the maturity of data on marketed inhibitors ruxolitinib and tofacitinib in late stage clinical trials. Many applicants are pursuing traditional fast-follower strategies around these inhibitors, with a range of chemical strategies adopted. The challenge will be to show sufficient differentiation to the originator compounds, since dose limiting toxicities with such agents appear to be on target and mechanism-related and also considering that such agents may be available as generic compounds by the time follower agents reach market.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason G Kettle
- a AstraZeneca, Oncology iMED, Mereside, Alderley Park , Stockport , United Kingdom
| | - Annika Åstrand
- b AstraZeneca, Respiratory, Inflammation and Autoimmunity iMED Pepparedsleden 1 , Mölndal , Sweden
| | - Matthew Catley
- b AstraZeneca, Respiratory, Inflammation and Autoimmunity iMED Pepparedsleden 1 , Mölndal , Sweden
| | | | - Magnus Nilsson
- b AstraZeneca, Respiratory, Inflammation and Autoimmunity iMED Pepparedsleden 1 , Mölndal , Sweden
| | - Qibin Su
- c AstraZeneca, Oncology iMED , Waltham , MA , USA
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10
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Ritzén A, Sørensen MD, Dack KN, Greve DR, Jerre A, Carnerup MA, Rytved KA, Bagger-Bahnsen J. Fragment-Based Discovery of 6-Arylindazole JAK Inhibitors. ACS Med Chem Lett 2016; 7:641-6. [PMID: 27326341 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.6b00087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2016] [Accepted: 04/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors are emerging as novel and efficacious drugs for treating psoriasis and other inflammatory skin disorders, but their full potential is hampered by systemic side effects. To overcome this limitation, we set out to discover soft drug JAK inhibitors for topical use. A fragment screen yielded an indazole hit that was elaborated into a potent JAK inhibitor using structure-based design. Growing the fragment by installing a phenol moiety in the 6-position afforded a greatly improved potency. Fine-tuning the substituents on the phenol and sulfonamide moieties afforded a set of compounds with lead-like properties, but they were found to be phototoxic and unstable in the presence of light.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Ritzén
- Drug Design, ‡In Vitro Biology, §Skin PK and Early Safety, and ∥Preformulation & Early Analytical Development, Global R&D, LEO Pharma A/S, Industriparken 55, DK-2750 Ballerup, Denmark
| | - Morten D. Sørensen
- Drug Design, ‡In Vitro Biology, §Skin PK and Early Safety, and ∥Preformulation & Early Analytical Development, Global R&D, LEO Pharma A/S, Industriparken 55, DK-2750 Ballerup, Denmark
| | - Kevin N. Dack
- Drug Design, ‡In Vitro Biology, §Skin PK and Early Safety, and ∥Preformulation & Early Analytical Development, Global R&D, LEO Pharma A/S, Industriparken 55, DK-2750 Ballerup, Denmark
| | - Daniel R. Greve
- Drug Design, ‡In Vitro Biology, §Skin PK and Early Safety, and ∥Preformulation & Early Analytical Development, Global R&D, LEO Pharma A/S, Industriparken 55, DK-2750 Ballerup, Denmark
| | - Anders Jerre
- Drug Design, ‡In Vitro Biology, §Skin PK and Early Safety, and ∥Preformulation & Early Analytical Development, Global R&D, LEO Pharma A/S, Industriparken 55, DK-2750 Ballerup, Denmark
| | - Martin A. Carnerup
- Drug Design, ‡In Vitro Biology, §Skin PK and Early Safety, and ∥Preformulation & Early Analytical Development, Global R&D, LEO Pharma A/S, Industriparken 55, DK-2750 Ballerup, Denmark
| | - Klaus A. Rytved
- Drug Design, ‡In Vitro Biology, §Skin PK and Early Safety, and ∥Preformulation & Early Analytical Development, Global R&D, LEO Pharma A/S, Industriparken 55, DK-2750 Ballerup, Denmark
| | - Jesper Bagger-Bahnsen
- Drug Design, ‡In Vitro Biology, §Skin PK and Early Safety, and ∥Preformulation & Early Analytical Development, Global R&D, LEO Pharma A/S, Industriparken 55, DK-2750 Ballerup, Denmark
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11
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Barlow TMA, Jida M, Guillemyn K, Tourwé D, Caveliers V, Ballet S. Efficient one-pot synthesis of amino-benzotriazolodiazocinone scaffolds via catalyst-free tandem Ugi-Huisgen reactions. Org Biomol Chem 2016; 14:4669-77. [PMID: 27117259 DOI: 10.1039/c6ob00438e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Herein we describe a catalyst-free, one-pot procedure employing an Ugi-4CR between propargyl glycine, functionalised 2-azidoanilines, different isocyanides and aldehydes, followed by a thermal azide-alkyne Huisgen cycloaddition to generate a 14-member set of amino-benzotriazolodiazocine-bearing dipeptides with multiple points of diversification and high atom economy. These structures were derivatized by means of Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reactions at two positions with good to excellent yields, leading to conformationally constrained tricyclic structures. In silico and NMR conformational analysis studies demonstrated that turn conformations are adopted by these structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- T M A Barlow
- Research Group of Organic Chemistry, Departments of Chemistry and Bioengineering Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, B-1000, Brussels, Belgium.
| | - M Jida
- Research Group of Organic Chemistry, Departments of Chemistry and Bioengineering Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, B-1000, Brussels, Belgium.
| | - K Guillemyn
- Research Group of Organic Chemistry, Departments of Chemistry and Bioengineering Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, B-1000, Brussels, Belgium.
| | - D Tourwé
- Research Group of Organic Chemistry, Departments of Chemistry and Bioengineering Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, B-1000, Brussels, Belgium.
| | - V Caveliers
- In Vivo Cellular and Molecular Imaging (ICMI) Laboratory, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 103, 1090 Brussels, Belgium
| | - S Ballet
- Research Group of Organic Chemistry, Departments of Chemistry and Bioengineering Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, B-1000, Brussels, Belgium.
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12
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Bajusz D, Ferenczy GG, Keserű GM. Discovery of Subtype Selective Janus Kinase (JAK) Inhibitors by Structure-Based Virtual Screening. J Chem Inf Model 2015; 56:234-47. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.5b00634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dávid Bajusz
- Medicinal Chemistry Research
Group, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Magyar tudósok krt. 2., Budapest 1117, Hungary
| | - György G. Ferenczy
- Medicinal Chemistry Research
Group, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Magyar tudósok krt. 2., Budapest 1117, Hungary
| | - György M. Keserű
- Medicinal Chemistry Research
Group, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Magyar tudósok krt. 2., Budapest 1117, Hungary
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13
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Farmer LJ, Ledeboer MW, Hoock T, Arnost MJ, Bethiel RS, Bennani YL, Black JJ, Brummel CL, Chakilam A, Dorsch WA, Fan B, Cochran JE, Halas S, Harrington EM, Hogan JK, Howe D, Huang H, Jacobs DH, Laitinen LM, Liao S, Mahajan S, Marone V, Martinez-Botella G, McCarthy P, Messersmith D, Namchuk M, Oh L, Penney MS, Pierce AC, Raybuck SA, Rugg A, Salituro FG, Saxena K, Shannon D, Shlyakter D, Swenson L, Tian SK, Town C, Wang J, Wang T, Wannamaker MW, Winquist RJ, Zuccola HJ. Discovery of VX-509 (Decernotinib): A Potent and Selective Janus Kinase 3 Inhibitor for the Treatment of Autoimmune Diseases. J Med Chem 2015; 58:7195-216. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.5b00301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Luc J. Farmer
- Vertex Pharmaceuticals (Canada) Inc., 275 Armand-Frappier, Laval, Québec H7V 4A7, Canada
| | - Mark W. Ledeboer
- Vertex Pharmaceuticals Inc., 50 Northern Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02210, United States
| | - Thomas Hoock
- Vertex Pharmaceuticals Inc., 50 Northern Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02210, United States
| | - Michael J. Arnost
- Vertex Pharmaceuticals Inc., 50 Northern Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02210, United States
| | - Randy S. Bethiel
- Vertex Pharmaceuticals Inc., 50 Northern Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02210, United States
| | - Youssef L. Bennani
- Vertex Pharmaceuticals (Canada) Inc., 275 Armand-Frappier, Laval, Québec H7V 4A7, Canada
| | - James J. Black
- Vertex Pharmaceuticals Inc., 50 Northern Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02210, United States
| | - Christopher L. Brummel
- Vertex Pharmaceuticals Inc., 50 Northern Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02210, United States
| | | | - Warren A. Dorsch
- Vertex Pharmaceuticals Inc., 50 Northern Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02210, United States
| | - Bin Fan
- Vertex Pharmaceuticals Inc., 50 Northern Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02210, United States
| | - John E. Cochran
- Vertex Pharmaceuticals Inc., 50 Northern Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02210, United States
| | - Summer Halas
- Vertex Pharmaceuticals Inc., 50 Northern Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02210, United States
| | - Edmund M. Harrington
- Vertex Pharmaceuticals Inc., 50 Northern Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02210, United States
| | - James K. Hogan
- Vertex Pharmaceuticals Inc., 50 Northern Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02210, United States
| | - David Howe
- Vertex Pharmaceuticals Inc., 50 Northern Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02210, United States
| | - Hui Huang
- Vertex Pharmaceuticals Inc., 50 Northern Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02210, United States
| | - Dylan H. Jacobs
- Vertex Pharmaceuticals Inc., 50 Northern Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02210, United States
| | - Leena M. Laitinen
- Vertex Pharmaceuticals Inc., 50 Northern Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02210, United States
| | - Shengkai Liao
- Vertex Pharmaceuticals Inc., 50 Northern Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02210, United States
| | - Sudipta Mahajan
- Vertex Pharmaceuticals Inc., 50 Northern Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02210, United States
| | - Valerie Marone
- Vertex Pharmaceuticals Inc., 50 Northern Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02210, United States
| | | | - Pamela McCarthy
- Vertex Pharmaceuticals Inc., 50 Northern Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02210, United States
| | - David Messersmith
- Vertex Pharmaceuticals Inc., 50 Northern Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02210, United States
| | - Mark Namchuk
- Vertex Pharmaceuticals Inc., 50 Northern Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02210, United States
| | - Luke Oh
- Vertex Pharmaceuticals Inc., 50 Northern Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02210, United States
| | - Marina S. Penney
- Vertex Pharmaceuticals Inc., 50 Northern Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02210, United States
| | - Albert C. Pierce
- Vertex Pharmaceuticals Inc., 50 Northern Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02210, United States
| | - Scott A. Raybuck
- Vertex Pharmaceuticals Inc., 50 Northern Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02210, United States
| | - Arthur Rugg
- Vertex Pharmaceuticals Inc., 50 Northern Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02210, United States
| | - Francesco G. Salituro
- Vertex Pharmaceuticals Inc., 50 Northern Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02210, United States
| | - Kumkum Saxena
- Vertex Pharmaceuticals Inc., 50 Northern Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02210, United States
| | - Dean Shannon
- Vertex Pharmaceuticals Inc., 50 Northern Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02210, United States
| | - Dina Shlyakter
- Vertex Pharmaceuticals Inc., 50 Northern Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02210, United States
| | - Lora Swenson
- Vertex Pharmaceuticals Inc., 50 Northern Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02210, United States
| | - Shi-Kai Tian
- Vertex Pharmaceuticals Inc., 50 Northern Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02210, United States
| | - Christopher Town
- Vertex Pharmaceuticals Inc., 50 Northern Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02210, United States
| | - Jian Wang
- Vertex Pharmaceuticals Inc., 50 Northern Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02210, United States
| | - Tiansheng Wang
- Vertex Pharmaceuticals Inc., 50 Northern Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02210, United States
| | - M. Woods Wannamaker
- Vertex Pharmaceuticals Inc., 50 Northern Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02210, United States
| | - Raymond J. Winquist
- Vertex Pharmaceuticals Inc., 50 Northern Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02210, United States
| | - Harmon J. Zuccola
- Vertex Pharmaceuticals Inc., 50 Northern Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02210, United States
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14
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Jin L, Jing L, Luo G, Wang R, Yin M, Wu C, Qin D. 3-(1-Arylsulfonylalkyl)-7-azaindoles as precursors of vinylogous imine intermediates for hetero-Michael addition reactions. Tetrahedron 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2015.04.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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15
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Zimmermann K, Sang X, Mastalerz HA, Johnson WL, Zhang G, Liu Q, Batt D, Lombardo LJ, Vyas D, Trainor GL, Tokarski JS, Lorenzi MV, You D, Gottardis MM, Lippy J, Khan J, Sack JS, Purandare AV. 9H-Carbazole-1-carboxamides as potent and selective JAK2 inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2015; 25:2809-12. [PMID: 25987372 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2015.04.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2015] [Revised: 04/28/2015] [Accepted: 04/30/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The discovery, synthesis, and characterization of 9H-carbazole-1-carboxamides as potent and selective ATP-competitive inhibitors of Janus kinase 2 (JAK2) are discussed. Optimization for JAK family selectivity led to compounds 14 and 21, with greater than 45-fold selectivity for JAK2 over all other members of the JAK kinase family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kurt Zimmermann
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Co., 5 Research Parkway, Wallingford, CT 06492-1951, USA.
| | - Xiaopeng Sang
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Co., 5 Research Parkway, Wallingford, CT 06492-1951, USA
| | - Harold A Mastalerz
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Co., 5 Research Parkway, Wallingford, CT 06492-1951, USA
| | - Walter L Johnson
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Co., 5 Research Parkway, Wallingford, CT 06492-1951, USA
| | - Guifen Zhang
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Co., 5 Research Parkway, Wallingford, CT 06492-1951, USA
| | - Qingjie Liu
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Co., Province Line Rd., Princeton, NJ 08540-4000, USA
| | - Douglas Batt
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Co., Province Line Rd., Princeton, NJ 08540-4000, USA
| | - Louis J Lombardo
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Co., Province Line Rd., Princeton, NJ 08540-4000, USA
| | - Dinesh Vyas
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Co., 5 Research Parkway, Wallingford, CT 06492-1951, USA
| | - George L Trainor
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Co., Province Line Rd., Princeton, NJ 08540-4000, USA
| | - John S Tokarski
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Co., Province Line Rd., Princeton, NJ 08540-4000, USA
| | - Matthew V Lorenzi
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Co., Province Line Rd., Princeton, NJ 08540-4000, USA
| | - Dan You
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Co., Province Line Rd., Princeton, NJ 08540-4000, USA
| | - Marco M Gottardis
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Co., Province Line Rd., Princeton, NJ 08540-4000, USA
| | - Jonathan Lippy
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Co., Province Line Rd., Princeton, NJ 08540-4000, USA
| | - Javed Khan
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Co., Province Line Rd., Princeton, NJ 08540-4000, USA
| | - John S Sack
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Co., Province Line Rd., Princeton, NJ 08540-4000, USA
| | - Ashok V Purandare
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Co., Province Line Rd., Princeton, NJ 08540-4000, USA
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16
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Luo G, Jing L, Qin D, Wang R, Jin L, Wu C, Yin M. Facile synthesis of 3-sec-alkyl substituted 7-azaindoles by Michael addition of carbon nucleophiles to vinylogous imine intermediates generated in situ from 3-(1-arylsulfonylalkyl)-7-azaindoles. Tetrahedron Lett 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2015.01.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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17
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Zhao C, Yang SH, Khadka DB, Jin Y, Lee KT, Cho WJ. Computer-aided discovery of aminopyridines as novel JAK2 inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem 2015; 23:985-95. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2015.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2014] [Revised: 01/08/2015] [Accepted: 01/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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18
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Mérour JY, Buron F, Plé K, Bonnet P, Routier S. The azaindole framework in the design of kinase inhibitors. Molecules 2014; 19:19935-79. [PMID: 25460315 PMCID: PMC6271083 DOI: 10.3390/molecules191219935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2014] [Revised: 11/10/2014] [Accepted: 11/18/2014] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
This review article illustrates the growing use of azaindole derivatives as kinase inhibitors and their contribution to drug discovery and innovation. The different protein kinases which have served as targets and the known molecules which have emerged from medicinal chemistry and Fragment-Based Drug Discovery (FBDD) programs are presented. The various synthetic routes used to access these compounds and the chemical pathways leading to their synthesis are also discussed. An analysis of their mode of binding based on X-ray crystallography data gives structural insights for the design of more potent and selective inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Yves Mérour
- Institut de Chimie Organique et Analytique (ICOA), Université d'Orléans, UMR CNRS 7311, Orléans F-45067, France.
| | - Frédéric Buron
- Institut de Chimie Organique et Analytique (ICOA), Université d'Orléans, UMR CNRS 7311, Orléans F-45067, France.
| | - Karen Plé
- Institut de Chimie Organique et Analytique (ICOA), Université d'Orléans, UMR CNRS 7311, Orléans F-45067, France.
| | - Pascal Bonnet
- Institut de Chimie Organique et Analytique (ICOA), Université d'Orléans, UMR CNRS 7311, Orléans F-45067, France.
| | - Sylvain Routier
- Institut de Chimie Organique et Analytique (ICOA), Université d'Orléans, UMR CNRS 7311, Orléans F-45067, France.
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19
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Gourdain S, Dairou J, Denhez C, Bui LC, Rodrigues-Lima F, Janel N, Delabar JM, Cariou K, Dodd RH. Development of DANDYs, new 3,5-diaryl-7-azaindoles demonstrating potent DYRK1A kinase inhibitory activity. J Med Chem 2013; 56:9569-85. [PMID: 24188002 DOI: 10.1021/jm401049v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
A series of 3,5-diaryl-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridines were synthesized and evaluated for inhibition of DYRKIA kinase in vitro. Derivatives having hydroxy groups on the aryl moieties (2c, 2j-l) demonstrated high inhibitory potencies with Kis in the low nanomolar range. Their methoxy analogues were up to 100 times less active. Docking studies at the ATP binding site suggested that these compounds bind tightly to this site via a network of multiple H-bonds with the peptide backbone. None of the active compounds were cytotoxic to KB cells at 10(-6) M. Kinase profiling revealed that compound 2j showed 2-fold selectivity for DYRK1A with respect to DYRK2 and DYRK3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphanie Gourdain
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, Centre de Recherche de Gif, UPR 2301, CNRS , Avenue de la Terrasse, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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20
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Menet CJ, Rompaey LV, Geney R. Advances in the discovery of selective JAK inhibitors. PROGRESS IN MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY 2013; 52:153-223. [PMID: 23384668 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-444-62652-3.00004-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
In this review, we describe the current knowledge of the biology of the JAKs. The JAK family comprises the four nonreceptor tyrosine kinases JAK1, JAK2, JAK3, and Tyk2, all key players in the signal transduction from cytokine receptors to transcription factor activation. We also review the progresses made towards the optimization of JAK inhibitors and the importance of their selectivity profile. Indeed, the full array of many medicinal chemistry enabling tools (HTS, X-ray crystallography, scaffold morphing, etc.) has been deployed to successfully design molecules that discriminate among JAK family and other kinases. While the first JAK inhibitor was launched in 2011, this review also summarizes the status of several other small-molecule JAK inhibitors currently in development to treat arthritis, psoriasis, organ rejection, and multiple cancer types.
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21
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22
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Strategic use of conformational bias and structure based design to identify potent JAK3 inhibitors with improved selectivity against the JAK family and the kinome. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2013; 23:2793-800. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2013.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2012] [Revised: 01/24/2013] [Accepted: 02/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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23
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Abstract
JAK kinases are critical mediators in development, differentiation, and homeostasis and accordingly, have become well-validated targets for drug discovery efforts. In recent years, the integration of X-ray crystallography in kinase-focused drug discovery programs has provided a powerful rationale for chemical modification by allowing a unique glimpse of a bound inhibitor to its target. Such structural information has not only led to an improved understanding of the key drivers of potency and specificity of several JAK-specific compounds but has greatly facilitated and accelerated the design of compounds with improved pharmacokinetic properties.JAK kinases are traditionally difficult candidates to express in significant quantities, generally requiring eukaryotic expression systems, protein engineering, mutations to yield soluble, homogeneous samples suitable for crystallization studies. Here we review the key methods utilized to express, purify, and crystallize the JAK kinases and provide a detail description of the methods that we have developed to express, purify, and crystallize recombinant JAK1 and JAK2 proteins in the presence of small molecule inhibitors.
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24
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Abstract
The JAK family of protein tyrosine kinases are now recognized as important participants in a wide range of pathologies, from cancer to inflammatory diseases. In the last decade, the drive to develop drugs targeting members of this family has begun to deliver a panel of small molecule inhibitors of JAK family members, with a range of potencies and specificities. A number of these compounds have already found widespread use as biochemical tools in the elucidation of JAK activity in specific signaling and disease processes; however, many of the first generation compounds are poorly characterized with suboptimal potencies and selectivities.Herein, we present the data for those small molecule JAK inhibitors that have been described in the peer-reviewed literature and the benefits and potential issues that may be associated with the use of these tool compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher J Burns
- Chemical Biology Division, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia
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25
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Chen H, Chan BK, Drummond J, Estrada AA, Gunzner-Toste J, Liu X, Liu Y, Moffat J, Shore D, Sweeney ZK, Tran T, Wang S, Zhao G, Zhu H, Burdick DJ. Discovery of Selective LRRK2 Inhibitors Guided by Computational Analysis and Molecular Modeling. J Med Chem 2012; 55:5536-45. [DOI: 10.1021/jm300452p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Huifen Chen
- Discovery
Chemistry Department, ‡Biochemical and Cellular Pharmacology Department, §Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics
Department, and ∥Neuroscience Department, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Bryan K. Chan
- Discovery
Chemistry Department, ‡Biochemical and Cellular Pharmacology Department, §Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics
Department, and ∥Neuroscience Department, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Jason Drummond
- Discovery
Chemistry Department, ‡Biochemical and Cellular Pharmacology Department, §Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics
Department, and ∥Neuroscience Department, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Anthony A. Estrada
- Discovery
Chemistry Department, ‡Biochemical and Cellular Pharmacology Department, §Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics
Department, and ∥Neuroscience Department, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Janet Gunzner-Toste
- Discovery
Chemistry Department, ‡Biochemical and Cellular Pharmacology Department, §Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics
Department, and ∥Neuroscience Department, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Xingrong Liu
- Discovery
Chemistry Department, ‡Biochemical and Cellular Pharmacology Department, §Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics
Department, and ∥Neuroscience Department, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Yichin Liu
- Discovery
Chemistry Department, ‡Biochemical and Cellular Pharmacology Department, §Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics
Department, and ∥Neuroscience Department, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - John Moffat
- Discovery
Chemistry Department, ‡Biochemical and Cellular Pharmacology Department, §Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics
Department, and ∥Neuroscience Department, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Daniel Shore
- Discovery
Chemistry Department, ‡Biochemical and Cellular Pharmacology Department, §Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics
Department, and ∥Neuroscience Department, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Zachary K. Sweeney
- Discovery
Chemistry Department, ‡Biochemical and Cellular Pharmacology Department, §Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics
Department, and ∥Neuroscience Department, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Thuy Tran
- Discovery
Chemistry Department, ‡Biochemical and Cellular Pharmacology Department, §Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics
Department, and ∥Neuroscience Department, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Shumei Wang
- Discovery
Chemistry Department, ‡Biochemical and Cellular Pharmacology Department, §Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics
Department, and ∥Neuroscience Department, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Guiling Zhao
- Discovery
Chemistry Department, ‡Biochemical and Cellular Pharmacology Department, §Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics
Department, and ∥Neuroscience Department, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Haitao Zhu
- Discovery
Chemistry Department, ‡Biochemical and Cellular Pharmacology Department, §Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics
Department, and ∥Neuroscience Department, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Daniel J. Burdick
- Discovery
Chemistry Department, ‡Biochemical and Cellular Pharmacology Department, §Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics
Department, and ∥Neuroscience Department, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
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26
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William AD, Lee ACH, Poulsen A, Goh KC, Madan B, Hart S, Tan E, Wang H, Nagaraj H, Chen D, Lee CP, Sun ET, Jayaraman R, Pasha MK, Ethirajulu K, Wood JM, Dymock BW. Discovery of the macrocycle (9E)-15-(2-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)ethoxy)-7,12,25-trioxa-19,21,24-triaza-tetracyclo[18.3.1.1(2,5).1(14,18)]hexacosa-1(24),2,4,9,14(26),15,17,20,22-nonaene (SB1578), a potent inhibitor of janus kinase 2/fms-like tyrosine kinase-3 (JAK2/FLT3) for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. J Med Chem 2012; 55:2623-40. [PMID: 22339472 DOI: 10.1021/jm201454n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we describe the synthesis and SAR of a series of small molecule macrocycles that selectively inhibit JAK2 kinase within the JAK family and FLT3 kinase. Following a multiparameter optimization of a key aryl ring of the previously described SB1518 (pacritinib), the highly soluble 14l was selected as the optimal compound. Oral efficacy in the murine collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) model for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) supported 14l as a potential treatment for autoimmune diseases and inflammatory disorders such as psoriasis and RA. Compound 14l (SB1578) was progressed into development and is currently undergoing phase 1 clinical trials in healthy volunteers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony D William
- S BIO Pte. Ltd., 1 Science Park Road, #05-09 The Capricorn, Singapore Science Park II, Singapore 117528.
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27
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Schenkel LB, Huang X, Cheng A, Deak HL, Doherty E, Emkey R, Gu Y, Gunaydin H, Kim JL, Lee J, Loberg R, Olivieri P, Pistillo J, Tang J, Wan Q, Wang HL, Wang SW, Wells MC, Wu B, Yu V, Liu L, Geuns-Meyer S. Discovery of potent and highly selective thienopyridine Janus kinase 2 inhibitors. J Med Chem 2011; 54:8440-50. [PMID: 22087750 DOI: 10.1021/jm200911r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Developing Janus kinase 2 (Jak2) inhibitors has become a significant focus for small molecule drug discovery programs in recent years due to the identification of a Jak2 gain-of-function mutation in the majority of patients with myeloproliferative disorders (MPD). Here, we describe the discovery of a thienopyridine series of Jak2 inhibitors that culminates with compounds showing 100- to >500-fold selectivity over the related Jak family kinases in enzyme assays. Selectivity for Jak2 was also observed in TEL-Jak cellular assays, as well as in cytokine-stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) and whole blood assays. X-ray cocrystal structures of 8 and 19 bound to the Jak2 kinase domain aided structure-activity relationship efforts and, along with a previously reported small molecule X-ray cocrystal structure of the Jak1 kinase domain, provided structural rationale for the observed high levels of Jak2 selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurie B Schenkel
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Amgen, Inc., 360 Binney Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA.
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28
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Alicea-Velázquez NL, Boggon TJ. The use of structural biology in Janus kinase targeted drug discovery. Curr Drug Targets 2011; 12:546-55. [PMID: 21126226 DOI: 10.2174/138945011794751528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2010] [Accepted: 10/04/2010] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The Janus kinases (or Jak kinases) mediate cytokine and growth factor signal transduction. Acquired or inherited Jak mutations can result in dysregulation of Jak-mediated signal transduction and can be critical to disease acquisition in neoplasias including acute myeloid, acute lymphoblastic and acute megakaryoblastic leukemias, and in rare X-linked severe combined immunodeficiency. The discovery of an acquired Jak2 point mutation, V617F, in significant numbers of patients with classical myeloproliferative disorders has increased the interest in development of Jak2-specific tyrosine kinase inhibitors and consequently there are now over 20 publically available structures of Jak kinase domains that describe all four family members, Jak1, Jak2, Jak3, and Tyk2. Here we review the recent advances in understanding the druggable structure and function of the Jak family, with a focus on the structural biology of the Jak kinase domain. We will discuss how these advances impact the development of Jak-targeted therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilda L Alicea-Velázquez
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar St., SHM B-316A, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
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Fukunishi Y. Prediction of Positions of Active Compounds Makes It Possible To Increase Activity in Fragment-Based Drug Development. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2011. [PMCID: PMC4055877 DOI: 10.3390/ph4050758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
We have developed a computational method that predicts the positions of active compounds, making it possible to increase activity as a fragment evolution strategy. We refer to the positions of these compounds as the active position. When an active fragment compound is found, the following lead generation process is performed, primarily to increase activity. In the current method, to predict the location of the active position, hydrogen atoms are replaced by small side chains, generating virtual compounds. These virtual compounds are docked to a target protein, and the docking scores (affinities) are examined. The hydrogen atom that gives the virtual compound with good affinity should correspond to the active position and it should be replaced to generate a lead compound. This method was found to work well, with the prediction of the active position being 2 times more efficient than random synthesis. In the current study, 15 examples of lead generation were examined. The probability of finding active positions among all hydrogen atoms was 26%, and the current method accurately predicted 60% of the active positions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshifumi Fukunishi
- Biomedicinal Information Research Center (BIRC), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST)/ 2-3-26, Aomi, Koto-ku, Tokyo 135-0064, Japan; E-Mail: ; Tel.: +81-3-3599-8290; Fax: +81-3-3599-8099
- Pharmaceutical Innovation Value Chain, BioGrid Center Kansai/ 1-4-2 Shinsenri-Higashimachi, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0082, Japan
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Targeting the DFG-in kinase conformation: a new trend emerging from a patent analysis. Future Med Chem 2011; 3:309-37. [DOI: 10.4155/fmc.10.294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Aberrant kinase signaling leads to a multitude of disease states. The clinical and commercial success of agents typified by imatinib or dasatinib in the treatment of hematological malignancies has further validated kinase inhibition as a useful clinical strategy. This increased interest in kinases as therapeutic targets is evidenced by the rapidly increasing number of patent applications and peer-reviewed articles. This article discusses recent Patent that describe small molecules targeting the DFG-in active kinase conformation, by the so-called ‘Type I½’ inhibitor, against a small set of clinically relevant targets such as B-Raf, p38α, Jak2 and EphB4. Preclinical and clinical data are also highlighted for the most promising new molecular entities.
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Yang SH, Khadka DB, Cho SH, Ju HK, Lee KY, Han HJ, Lee KT, Cho WJ. Virtual screening and synthesis of quinazolines as novel JAK2 inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem 2011; 19:968-77. [PMID: 21185195 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2010.11.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2010] [Revised: 11/23/2010] [Accepted: 11/23/2010] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Su Hui Yang
- Research Institute of Drug Development, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
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Kiss R, Sayeski PP, Keserũ GM. Recent developments on JAK2 inhibitors: a patent review. Expert Opin Ther Pat 2010; 20:471-95. [PMID: 20205617 DOI: 10.1517/13543771003639436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
IMPORTANCE OF THE FIELD JAK2 is one of the most promising targets against neoplastic growth. A somatic mutation (V617F) resulting in enhanced JAK2 kinase activity can be frequently found in patients with serious myeloproliferative neoplasms such as polycythemia vera, essential thrombocythemia and primary myelofibrosis. Preclinical results strongly support that JAK2 inhibitors could be effectively used in these indications. Pharmaceutical companies and academic groups have developed a number of potent JAK2 inhibitors during the last decade. Tolerability and effectiveness of the most promising compounds are currently being investigated in clinical trials. AREAS COVERED IN THIS REVIEW In this paper, we aim to give a comprehensive review of the currently available patent literature of JAK2 inhibitors. WHAT THE READER WILL GAIN We tried to collect the published core structures possessing JAK2 inhibitory potency including compounds developed by academic and industrial research groups. We review the currently available patent literature as well as the key papers containing additional information about the described JAK2 inhibitors. Clinical status data were collected by searching the Prous Integrity and Pharmaprojects databases. TAKE HOME MESSAGE The significant number of JAK2 inhibitors published and numerous clinical trials involving these compounds suggest that some of them might be approved in the next few years and can serve as novel drugs for the treatment of JAK2-dependent pathologies.
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