1
|
Synthesis, physicochemical properties and biological activities of novel alkylphosphocholines with foscarnet moiety. Bioorg Chem 2020; 104:104224. [PMID: 32892068 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.104224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
A series of alkylphosphocholines with foscarnet moiety was synthesized. The structure of these zwitterionic amphiphiles was modified in both polar and non-polar parts of surfactant molecule. Investigations of physicochemical properties are represented by the determination of critical micelle concentration, the surface tension value at the cmc and the surface area per surfactant head group utilising surface tension measurements. Hydrodynamic diameter of surfactant micelles was determined using the dynamic light scattering technique. Alkylphosphocholines exhibit significant cytotoxic, anticandidal (Candida albicans) and antiamoebal (Acanthamoeba spp. T4 genotype) activity. The relationship between the structure, physicochemical properties and biological activity of the tested compounds revealed that lipophilicity has a significant influence on biological activity of the investigated surfactants. More lipophilic alkylphosphocholines with octadecyl chains show cytotoxic activity against cancer cells which is higher than that of the compounds with shorter alkyl chains. The opposite situation was observed in case of anticandidal and antiamoebal activity of these surfactants. The most active compounds were found to have pentadecyl chains. The foscarnet analogue of miltefosine C15-PFA-C showed the highest anticandidal activity. The minimum value of anticandidal activity of this compound is 1,4 μM thus representing the highest anticandidal activity found within the group of alkylphosphocholines.
Collapse
|
2
|
Firmino AD, Figueira F, Tomé JP, Paz FAA, Rocha J. Metal–Organic Frameworks assembled from tetraphosphonic ligands and lanthanides. Coord Chem Rev 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2017.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
3
|
Synthesis and anticancer activity of 5′-chloromethylphosphonates of 3′-azido-3′-deoxythymidine (AZT). Bioorg Med Chem 2011; 19:6375-82. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2011.08.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2011] [Revised: 08/29/2011] [Accepted: 08/30/2011] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
|
4
|
Khandazhinskaya A, Matyugina E, Shirokova E. Anti-HIV therapy with AZT prodrugs: AZT phosphonate derivatives, current state and prospects. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 2010; 6:701-14. [DOI: 10.1517/17425251003713501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
|
5
|
Schott H, Hamprecht K, Schott S, Schott TC, Schwendener RA. Synthesis and in vitro activities of a new antiviral duplex drug linking Zidovudine (AZT) and Foscarnet (PFA) via an octadecylglycerol residue. Bioorg Med Chem 2008; 17:303-10. [PMID: 19010684 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2008.10.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2008] [Revised: 10/29/2008] [Accepted: 10/31/2008] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
To prepare a new antiviral duplex drug linking Zidovudine (AZT) and Foscarnet (PFA) via a lipophilic octadecylglycerol residue we condensed 1-O-4-monomethoxytrityl-3-O-octadecyl-sn-glycerol-2-hydrogenphosphonate obtained from 3-O-octadecyl-sn-glycerol with AZT by the phosphonate method. The purified condensation product was de-tritylated resulting in 3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidylyl-(5'-->2-O)-3-O-octadecyl-sn-glycerol, followed by treatment with (ethoxycarbonyl)phosphoric dichloride. The resulting 3'-azido-3'-deoxy-thymidylyl-(5'-->2)-3-O-octadecyl-sn-glycerol-1-O-(ethoxycarbonyl)phosphonate was purified by preparative RP-18 column chromatography. The antiviral duplex drug 3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidylyl-(5'-->2-O)-3-O-octadecyl-sn-glycerol-1-O-phosphonoformate trisodium salt (AZT-lipid-PFA) was obtained after alkaline cleavage of the phosphonoformate ethylester residue. The overall yield of the five step synthesis performed at gram scale was about 30%. According to a supposed pathway AZT-lipid-PFA could be cleaved to yield a mixture of different antiviral compounds such as AZT, AZT-5'-monophosphate, octadecylglycerol-AZT, PFA and octadecylglycerol-PFA, possibly producing additive and/or synergistic antiviral effects. In vitro studies showed that the duplex drug exhibits antiviral activities against HIV and especially against drug-resistant strains and clinical isolates of HSV and HCMV. The E(50) values of AZT-lipid-PFA against HIV ranged between 170 and 200 nM. The half-maximal inhibitory doses (IC(50)) against highly acyclovir (ACV)-resistant HSV isolates determined by a plaque reduction assay ranged between 1.87 and 4.59 microM. Using ganciclovir (GCV)-sensitive, GCV resistant and drug cross-resistant HCMV strains the IC(50)-values of AZT-lipid-PFA were between 2.78 and 1.18 microM. With regard to PFA, the IC(50)-value of AZT-lipid-PFA determined on a multi-drug-resistant HCMV strain was about 90-fold lower than that of PFA, demonstrating the superior antiviral effect of the duplex-drug.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Herbert Schott
- Institute for Organic Chemistry, University Tuebingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, D-72076 Tuebingen, Germany.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Essa AH, Jalbout AF. Analysis of the structural and electronic properties of 1-(5-Hydroxymethyl - 4 -[ 5 - (5-oxo-5-piperidin-1-yl-penta-1,3dienyl)-benzo[1,3]dioxol-2-yl] -tetrahydro-furan-2-yl)-5-methyl-1H-pyrimidine-2,4dione molecule. ECLÉTICA QUÍMICA 2008. [DOI: 10.1590/s0100-46702008000100010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
|
7
|
Skarpos H, Vorob'eva DV, Osipov SN, Odinets IL, Breuer E, Röschenthaler GV. Methyltrifluoropyruvate imines possessing N-oxalyl and N-phosphonoformyl groups—precursors to a variety of α-CF3-α-amino acid derivatives. Org Biomol Chem 2006; 4:3669-74. [PMID: 16990943 DOI: 10.1039/b607060d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Convenient routes to methyl 2-oxalylimino- and 2-(phosphonoformimido)-3,3,3-trifluoropropanoates have been elaborated, based on the reaction of methyl trifluoropyruvate with ethyl oxamate or diethyl carbamoylphosphonate, respectively, followed by dehydration. The compounds obtained are useful synthetic intermediates toward a variety of novel 3,3,3-trifluoroalanine derivatives that are potential drug candidates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Skarpos
- Institute for Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, The University of Bremen, Leobener Str., D-28334, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Taourirte M, Mohamed LA, Rochdi A, Vasseur JJ, Fernández S, Ferrero M, Gotor V, Pannecouque C, De Clercq E, Lazrek HB. Chemoenzymatic syntheses of homo- and heterodimers of AZT and d4T, and evaluation of their anti-HIV activity. NUCLEOSIDES NUCLEOTIDES & NUCLEIC ACIDS 2005; 23:701-14. [PMID: 15200032 DOI: 10.1081/ncn-120037749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Homo- and heterodimers of AZT and d4T, possessing carbonate and carbamate linkers, have been synthesized with the aim to enhance the antiviral activity of their components. Homo- and heterodimer carbamates showed weak anti-HIV activity. On the other hand, dinucleoside carbonates showed marked antiviral activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Taourirte
- Faculty of Sciences and Techniques Gueliz, Marrakesh, Morocco
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Shirokova EA, Jasko MV, Khandazhinskaya AL, Yanvarev DV, Skoblov YS, Pronayeva TR, Fedyuk NV, Pokrovsky AG, Kukhanova MK. New lipophilic derivatives of AZT and d4T 5'-phosphonates. NUCLEOSIDES NUCLEOTIDES & NUCLEIC ACIDS 2003; 22:981-5. [PMID: 14565326 DOI: 10.1081/ncn-120022718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
5'-Aminocarbonylphosphonyl and aminocarbonylmethylphosphonyl diesters of AZT and d4T were synthesized as potential anti-HIV agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elena A Shirokova
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Turk G, Moroni G, Pampuro S, Briñón MC, Salomón H. Antiretroviral activity and cytotoxicity of novel zidovudine (AZT) derivatives and the relation to their chemical structure. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2002; 20:282-8. [PMID: 12385685 DOI: 10.1016/s0924-8579(02)00191-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Zidovudine (AZT) was the first nucleoside analogue licensed for the treatment of HIV infection. Efforts have continuously been made to improve the therapeutic characteristics of this drug, most of them focussed on prodrugs design. Here we describe the anti-HIV-1 activity and cytotoxicity of six novel AZT derivatives namely 3'-azido-3'-deoxy-5'-O-oxalyl-N-valinethymidine, 3'-azido-3'-deoxy-5'-O-oxalyl-N-leucinethymidine, 3'-azido-3'-deoxy-5'-O-oxalyl-N-isoleucinethymidine, 3'-azido-3'-deoxy-5'-O-oxalyl-N-phenylalaninethymidine, 3'-azido-3'-deoxy-5'-O-oxalylthymidine acid, 3'-azido-3'-deoxy-5'-O-isonicotinoylthymidine and 5-chloro-6-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine which were perfectly characterized. AZT-Val, AZT-Leu, AZT-iLeu, AZT-Phen, AZT-Ac and AZT-Iso have shown a similar or higher selectivity index than that of AZT itself, in one or both of the different cell cultures used (PBMC and MT2). However, AZT-ClOH showed no anti-HIV activity. These results suggest that using amino acids in the design of AZT derivatives improves AZT activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Turk
- National Reference Center for AIDS, Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Buenos Aires, Paraguay 2155-Piso 11, C1121ABG, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Aoki S. [Creation of new supramolecular chemistry based on multiple interaction in aqueous solution]. YAKUGAKU ZASSHI 2002; 122:793-804. [PMID: 12400160 DOI: 10.1248/yakushi.122.793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Novel supramolecular chemistry of multinuclear zinc(II) complexes in aqueous solution has been created by utilizing multiple interactions with polyanions. We have established reliable and convenient synthetic methods of multidentate macrocyclic polyamines and their zinc(II) complexes and thereby undertook a focused investigation of four topics: 1) efficient inhibition of photo[2 + 2] cycloaddition of thymidine dimer by dimeric zinc(II) complexes; 2) selective extraction and transport of thymidine nucleotide derivatives from the aqueous phase to the organic phase by lipophilic zinc(II) complexes and selective recognition of thymidine nucleotides by ditopic zinc(II) complexes in aqueous solution; 3) supramolecular polyhedrons formed by self-assembly of a trimeric zinc(II) complex with cyanuric acid or trithiocyanuric acid; and 4) a selective fluorescent probe for lanthanide ions such as Y3+ and La3+ based on a double-functionalized ligand with carbamoyl and dansyl groups. This knowledge should afford new methodology for supramolecular chemistry in aqueous solution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shin Aoki
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
|
13
|
|
14
|
Wiebe LI, Knaus EE. Concepts for the design of anti-HIV nucleoside prodrugs for treating cephalic HIV infection. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 1999; 39:63-80. [PMID: 10837768 DOI: 10.1016/s0169-409x(99)00020-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The life cycle of HIV involves nine sequential stages. Of these, the reverse transcription (RT) process is a prime target for drug therapy, using both nucleoside and non-nucleoside inhibitors of RT. There are currently five marketed 2',3'-dideoxynucleoside RT inhibitors, but there is need for drugs with improved therapeutic efficacy, decreased development of resistance and broader spectrum to treat resistant strains.One approach to improve RT inhibitors is through chemical derivatization using metabolically-cleavable linkages that permit timely regeneration of the active nucleoside inside the body at the site of infection (prodrug formation). Four classes of prodrugs are now reviewed: 2',3'-dideoxynucleoside masked phosphates, 5'-O-carboxylic acid esters of 2',3'-dideoxynucleosides, 2',3'-dideoxycytidine N(4)-[(dialkylamino)methylene] prodrugs and 5-halo-6-alkoxy(azido or hydroxy)-5,6-dihydro 2',3'-dideoxynucleosides. Mutually-masking dual action (MMDA) prodrugs that release a nucleoside RT inhibitor and an abnormal N-myristoyl transferase substrate are presented as a special class of anti-HIV prodrugs that have the potential to interact with the life cycle of the virus at two distinct stages.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- LI Wiebe
- Noujaim Institute for Pharmaceutical Oncology Research, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Arion D, Parniak MA. HIV resistance to zidovudine: the role of pyrophosphorolysis. Drug Resist Updat 1999; 2:91-95. [PMID: 11504476 DOI: 10.1054/drup.1999.0076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Zidovudine-resistant strains of HIV became apparent in many patients soon after advent of zidovudine (AZT) monotherapy. While this resistance could be unequivocally correlated with multiple mutations in HIV reverse transcriptase (D67N, K70R, T215F/Y, K219Q), the mechanism or phenotype for this resistance has remained obscure for more than a decade, despite active investigation. Recent studies indicate that AZT resistance may be related to removal of chain-terminating AZT from the 3'-terminus of the primer, by a process known as pyrophosphorolysis. This process is catalyzed by HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (RT), and is the reverse reaction of DNA polymerization. The D67N/K70R mutations result in a significantly increased rate of RT-catalyzed pyrophosphorolysis at physiological levels of pyrophosphate, which leads to a decrease in the extent of AZT chain termination of nascent viral DNA. The potential replication deficit of an increased reverse reaction during DNA synthesis is compensated by increased DNA synthesis processivity, a phenotype that results from the T215F/Y/K219Q mutations in RT. The net result of these multiple phenotypes imparted by the multiple mutations in RT is the facile synthesis of full-length viral DNA in the presence of AZT. Copyright 1999 Harcourt Publishers Ltd.
Collapse
|
16
|
Palacios F, Ochoa de Retana AM, Oyarzabal J. A new and efficient strategy for the preparation of 1,5,2-diazaphosphorines from primary β-enaminophosphonates. Tetrahedron 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4020(99)00068-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
17
|
Meier C, Aubertin AM, de Monte M, Faraj A, Sommadossi JP, Périgaud C, Imbach JL, Gosselin G. Synthesis and antiviral evaluation of SATE-foscarnet prodrugs and new foscarnet-AZT conjugates. Antivir Chem Chemother 1998; 9:41-52. [PMID: 9875376 DOI: 10.1177/095632029800900105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The synthesis of a range of di- and triester derivatives of phosphonoformate (PFA; foscarnet) as potential lipophilic, membrane-soluble prodrugs is described. In addition to normal alkyl esters in the carboxylate and phosphonate residues of PFA, the bioreversible S-(pivaloyl)thioethyl (t-butyl-SATE) group was introduced in an attempt to deliver PFA after bioactivation inside the cells. Furthermore, PFA-AZT conjugates were prepared in order to develop combinational drugs. The key synthetic step was in all cases the formation of the P-C bond to build up the different PFA esters. In contrast to the diester derivatives, the triesters of PFA showed high hydrolytic instability during chromatographic purification. The compounds were evaluated in vitro for their ability to inhibit viruses in several tissue culture systems. All PFA alkyl di- and triesters proved poorly active or inactive against human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and inactive against hepatitis B virus. In contrast, the PFA-AZT conjugates exhibited significant anti-HIV activity. However, this activity was nearly completely lost in thymidine kinase-deficient cells, suggesting a fast unselective chemical hydrolysis of the conjugates to yield the nucleoside analogue AZT in the cell culture medium. Furthermore, no synergistic effect of PFA and AZT was observed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Meier
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Germany.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|