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Fu YH, Wang Z, Wang K, Shen GB, Zhu XQ. Evaluation and comparison of antioxidant abilities of five bioactive molecules with C–H and O–H bonds in thermodynamics and kinetics. RSC Adv 2022; 12:27389-27395. [PMID: 36275999 PMCID: PMC9513755 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra04839f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, the antioxidant abilities of NADH coenzyme analogue BNAH, F420 reduction prototype analogue F420H, vitamin C analogue iAscH−, caffeic acid, and (+)-catechin in acetonitrile in chemical reactions were studied and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Hua Fu
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Anyang Institute of Technology, Anyang, Henan, 455000, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Anyang Institute of Technology, Anyang, Henan, 455000, China
| | - Kai Wang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Anyang Institute of Technology, Anyang, Henan, 455000, China
| | - Guang-Bin Shen
- School of Medical Engineering, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, 272000, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Qing Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
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2
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Fu Y, Shen G, Wang K, Zhu X. Comparison of Thermodynamic, Kinetic Forces for Three NADH Analogues to Release Hydride Ion or Hydrogen Atom in Acetonitrile. ChemistrySelect 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202102048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yan‐Hua Fu
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering Anyang Institute of Technology, Anyang Henan 455000 China
| | - Guang‐Bin Shen
- School of Medical Engineering Jining Medical University Jining, Shandong 272000 P. R. China
| | - Kai Wang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering Anyang Institute of Technology, Anyang Henan 455000 China
| | - Xiao‐Qing Zhu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
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3
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Danehchin M, Esmaeili AA. Biomimetic hydrogenation of electron deficient olefins using in situ generated 2-arylbenzimidazoline: synthesis of novel 3-benzylbenzo[4,5]thiazolo[3,2-a]pyrimidin-4-ones. Mol Divers 2021; 26:1191-1199. [PMID: 34117585 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-021-10246-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, 2-Arylbenzimidazoline generated in situ from reaction of aromatic aldehydes and o-phenylenediamine used as biomimetic reductive agents for reductive alkylation of 2-hydroxy-4H-benzo[4,5]thiazolo[3,2-a]pyrimidin-4-one for synthesis of novel 3-benzyl-2-hydroxy-4H-benzo[4,5]thiazolo[3,2-a]pyrimidin-4-ones is described. The main benefits of this protocol include simplicity, reaction mildness, high yield, easy work up, and simple purification. The molecular structures were characterized by IR spectrophotometry, mass spectrometry, NMR spectroscopy, and elemental analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Danehchin
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, 9177948974, Iran
| | - Abbas Ali Esmaeili
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, 9177948974, Iran.
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Zhang L, Zhu R, Feng A, Zhao C, Chen L, Feng G, Liu L. Redox deracemization of β,γ-alkynyl α-amino esters. Chem Sci 2020; 11:4444-4449. [PMID: 34122901 PMCID: PMC8159540 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc00944j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The first non-enzymatic redox deracemization method using molecular oxygen as the terminal oxidant has been described. The one-pot deracemization of β,γ-alkynyl α-amino esters consisted of a copper-catalyzed aerobic oxidation and chiral phosphoric acid-catalyzed asymmetric transfer hydrogenation with excellent functional group compatibility. By using benzothiazoline as the reducing reagent, an exclusive chemoselectivity at the C
Created by potrace 1.16, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2019
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N bond over the C
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C bond was achieved, allowing for efficient deracemization of a series of α-amino esters bearing diverse α-alkynyl substituent patterns. The origins of chemo- and enantio-selectivities were elucidated by experimental and computational mechanistic investigation. The generality of the strategy is further demonstrated by efficient deracemization of β,γ-alkenyl α-amino esters. A one-pot deracemization of β,γ-alkynyl α-amino esters consisting of an aerobic oxidation and chiral phosphoric acid-catalyzed asymmetric transfer hydrogenation has been described.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University Jinan 250012 China
| | - Rongxiu Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University Jinan 250100 China
| | - Aili Feng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University Jinan 250100 China
| | - Changyin Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University Jinan 250100 China
| | - Lei Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University Jinan 250012 China
| | - Guidong Feng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University Jinan 250012 China
| | - Lei Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University Jinan 250012 China .,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University Jinan 250100 China
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Hirao Y, Kubo T, Teraoka M. Interaction of the Dihydropyridine/Pyridinium Redox Pair Fixed into a V-Shaped Conformation. HETEROCYCLES 2019. [DOI: 10.3987/com-19-14163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Salehzadeh S, Maleki F. Where and How Does an Organic Molecule Having a C-X Bond Release X - Anion Like an Inorganic Compound? A Theoretical Study. J Phys Chem A 2018; 122:7598-7613. [PMID: 30200765 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.8b07238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In this research, at first, a comparative DFT study on hydride or fluoride release from a number of known orthoamides, their fluorine derivative having a central C-F bond and some simple organic compounds, is reported. The obtained data show that orthoamides release hydride or fluoride anions much easier than do other known organic compounds studied here. Interestingly, three simulated orthoamides having a central C-F bond, spontaneously and like an inorganic compound, release fluoride anion upon dissolving in polar solvents. The calculations confirmed that hyperconjugation interactions in the initial orthoamides facilitate the anion release from these compounds. However, the data clearly show that the proper overlap of an empty p orbital of the central carbon atom with adjacent lone-pair orbitals of nitrogen atoms ( lpN → lp*C or, in other words, the pπ-pπ interaction) in the resulting carbocations is a more important factor that must be taken into consideration when designing the hydride, fluoride, or other anion releasing agents. In addition, for the first time, a mechanism of hydride and fluoride removal from the orthoamides either through their reaction with BH3 and BF3 molecules, respectively, or upon their protonation is provided. To continue and for generalization of results to other groups attached to the central carbon atom of orthoamides, the reactions of H+ with orthoamides having the CH3, OH, CN, NH2, or C5H5 substituents were studied. The results showed that in all cases and in both gas and solution phases the above substituents easily leave the carbon atom as an anion and bond to H+. Thus, we have to conclude that upon the reaction of orthoamides with usual Lewis acids, many types of substituents on their central carbon atom can leave these compounds as anions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadegh Salehzadeh
- Department of Chemistry , Bu-Ali Sina University , Hamedan 65174 , Iran
| | - Farahnaz Maleki
- Department of Chemistry , Bu-Ali Sina University , Hamedan 65174 , Iran
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7
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Chen MW, Wu B, Chen ZP, Shi L, Zhou YG. Synthesis of Chiral Fluorinated Propargylamines via Chemoselective Biomimetic Hydrogenation. Org Lett 2016; 18:4650-3. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.6b02283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mu-Wang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Bo Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Zhang-Pei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Lei Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Yong-Gui Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai
Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
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Hori Y, Ida T, Mizuno M. A comparative theoretical study of the hydride transfer mechanisms during LiAlH 4 and LiBH 4 reductions. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2015.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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9
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Khanna S, Kaur D, Kaur R. The saturated five-membered heterocyclic molecules as organic hydride donors: a computational study. J PHYS ORG CHEM 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/poc.3334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shweta Khanna
- Department of Chemistry; Guru Nanak Dev University; Amritsar 143005 India
| | - Damanjit Kaur
- Department of Chemistry; Guru Nanak Dev University; Amritsar 143005 India
| | - Rajinder Kaur
- Department of Chemistry; Guru Nanak Dev University; Amritsar 143005 India
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Chen ZP, Chen MW, Guo RN, Zhou YG. 4,5-Dihydropyrrolo[1,2-a]quinoxalines: A Tunable and Regenerable Biomimetic Hydrogen Source. Org Lett 2014; 16:1406-9. [DOI: 10.1021/ol500176v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhang-Pei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan
Road, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Mu-Wang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan
Road, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Ran-Ning Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan
Road, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Yong-Gui Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan
Road, Dalian 116023, China
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Parker VD, Li Z, Hao W. Is the Single-Transition-State Model Appropriate for the Fundamental Reactions of Organic Chemistry? Experimental Methods and Data Treatment, Pertinent Reactions, and Complementary Computational Studies. ADVANCES IN PHYSICAL ORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-800256-8.00001-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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McSkimming A, Colbran SB. The coordination chemistry of organo-hydride donors: new prospects for efficient multi-electron reduction. Chem Soc Rev 2013; 42:5439-88. [PMID: 23507957 DOI: 10.1039/c3cs35466k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
In biological reduction processes the dihydronicotinamides NAD(P)H often transfer hydride to an unsaturated substrate bound within an enzyme active site. In many cases, metal ions in the active site bind, polarize and thereby activate the substrate to direct attack by hydride from NAD(P)H cofactor. This review looks more widely at the metal coordination chemistry of organic donors of hydride ion--organo-hydrides--such as dihydronicotinamides, other dihydropyridines including Hantzsch's ester and dihydroacridine derivatives, those derived from five-membered heterocycles including the benzimidazolines and benzoxazolines, and all-aliphatic hydride donors such as hexadiene and hexadienyl anion derivatives. The hydride donor properties--hydricities--of organo-hydrides and how these are affected by metal ions are discussed. The coordination chemistry of organo-hydrides is critically surveyed and the use of metal-organo-hydride systems in electrochemically-, photochemically- and chemically-driven reductions of unsaturated organic and inorganic (e.g. carbon dioxide) substrates is highlighted. The sustainable electrocatalytic, photochemical or chemical regeneration of organo-hydrides such as NAD(P)H, including for driving enzyme-catalysed reactions, is summarised and opportunities for development are indicated. Finally, new prospects are identified for metal-organo-hydride systems as catalysts for organic transformations involving 'hydride-borrowing' and for sustainable multi-electron reductions of unsaturated organic and inorganic substrates directly driven by electricity or light or by renewable reductants such as formate/formic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex McSkimming
- School of Chemistry, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
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13
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Khan IA, Balaramnavar VM, Saxena AK. Identification and optimization of novel pyrimido-isoxazolidine and oxazine as selective hydride donors. Tetrahedron 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2012.09.105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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14
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Cohen BW, Polyansky DE, Achord P, Cabelli D, Muckerman JT, Tanaka K, Thummel RP, Zong R, Fujita E. Steric effect for proton, hydrogen-atom, and hydride transfer reactions with geometric isomers of NADH-model ruthenium complexes. Faraday Discuss 2012; 155:129-44; discussion 207-22. [PMID: 22470971 DOI: 10.1039/c1fd00094b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Two isomers, [Ru(1)]2+ (Ru = Ru(bpy)2, bpy = 2,2'-bipyridine, 1 = 2-(pyrid-2'-yl)-1-azaacridine) and [Ru(2)]2+ (2 = 3-(pyrid-2'-yl)-4-azaacridine), are bioinspired model compounds containing the nicotinamide functionality and can serve as precursors for the photogeneration of C-H hydrides for studying reactions pertinent to the photochemical reduction of metal-C1 complexes and/or carbon dioxide. While it has been shown that the structural differences between the azaacridine ligands of [Ru(1)]2+ and [Ru(2)]2+ have a significant effect on the mechanism of formation of the hydride donors, [Ru(1HH)]2+ and [Ru(2HH)]2+, in aqueous solution, we describe the steric implications for proton, net-hydrogen-atom and net-hydride transfer reactions in this work. Protonation of [Ru(2*-)] in aprotic and even protic media is slow compared to that of [Ru(1*-)]+. The net hydrogen-atom transfer between *[Ru(1)]2+ and hydroquinone (H2Q) proceeds by one-step EPT, rather than stepwise electron-proton transfer. Such a reaction was not observed for *[Ru(2)]2+ because the non-coordinated N atom is not easily available for an interaction with H2Q. Finally, the rate of the net hydride ion transfer from [Ru(1HH)]2+ to [Ph3C]+ is significantly slower than that of [Ru (2HH)]2+ owing to steric congestion at the donor site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian W Cohen
- Chemistry Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York, 11973-5000, USA
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15
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Zheng C, You SL. Transfer hydrogenation with Hantzsch esters and related organic hydride donors. Chem Soc Rev 2012; 41:2498-518. [PMID: 22282764 DOI: 10.1039/c1cs15268h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 438] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, Hantzsch esters and their related organic hydride donors have been widely utilized in biomimetic approaches of asymmetric transfer hydrogenation (ATH) reactions. Various compounds containing C=C, C=N and C=O unsaturated functionalities could be reduced in the presence of organocatalysts or transition metal complexes, affording versatile chiral building blocks in high yields and excellent enantioselectivities under mild conditions. In this critical review, recent advances in this area are summarized and classified according to unsaturated functional groups being reduced and catalytic systems employed (91 references).
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, China
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Zhu XQ, Mu YY, Li XT. What are the differences between ascorbic acid and NADH as hydride and electron sources in vivo on thermodynamics, kinetics, and mechanism? J Phys Chem B 2011; 115:14794-811. [PMID: 22035071 DOI: 10.1021/jp2067974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Ascorbic acid (AscH(2)) and dihydronicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) are two very important natural redox cofactors, which can be used as hydride, electron, and hydrogen atom sources to take part in many important bioreduction processes in vivo. The differences of the two natural reducing agents as hydride, hydrogen atom, and electron donors in thermodynamics, kinetics, and mechanisms were examined by using 5,6-isopropylidene ascorbate (iAscH(-)) and β-D-glucopyranosyl-1,4-dihydronicotinamide acetate (GluNAH) as their models, respectively. The results show that the hydride-donating ability of iAscH(-) is smaller than that of GluNAH by 6.0 kcal/mol, but the electron-donating ability and hydrogen-donating ability of iAscH(-) are larger than those of GluNAH by 20.8 and 8.4 kcal/mol, respectively, which indicates that iAscH(-) is a good electron donor and a good hydrogen atom donor, but GluNAH is a good hydride donor. The kinetic intrinsic barrier energy of iAscH(-) to release hydride anion in acetonitrile is larger than that of GluNAH to release hydride anion in acetonitrile by 6.9 kcal/mol. The mechanisms of hydride transfer from iAscH(-) and GluNAH to phenylxanthium perchlorate (PhXn(+)), a well-known hydride acceptor, were examined, and the results show that hydride transfer from GluNAH adopted a one-step mechanism, but the hydride transfer from iAscH(-) adopted a two-step mechanism (e-H(•)). The thermodynamic relation charts (TRC) of the iAscH(-) family (including iAscH(-), iAscH(•), iAsc(•-), and iAsc) and of the GluNAH family (including GluNAH, GluNAH(•+), GluNA(•), and GluNA(+)) in acetonitrile were constructed as Molecule ID Cards of iAscH(-) and of GluNAH in acetonitrile. By using the Molecule ID Cards of iAscH(-) and GluNAH, the character chemical properties not only of iAscH(-) and GluNAH but also of the various reaction intermediates of iAscH(-) and GluNAH all have been quantitatively diagnosed and compared. It is clear that these comparisons of the thermodynamics, kinetics, and mechanisms between iAscH(-) and GluNAH as hydride and electron donors in acetonitrile should be quite important and valuable to diagnose and understand the different roles and functions of ascorbic acid and NADH as hydride, hydrogen atom, and electron sources in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Qing Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.
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Zhu XQ, Tan Y, Cao CT. Thermodynamic Diagnosis of the Properties and Mechanism of Dihydropyridine-Type Compounds as Hydride Source in Acetonitrile with “Molecule ID Card”. J Phys Chem B 2010; 114:2058-75. [DOI: 10.1021/jp911137p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Qing Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Yue Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Chao-Tun Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
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Zhu XQ, Liu QY, Chen Q, Mei LR. Hydride, Hydrogen, Proton, and Electron Affinities of Imines and Their Reaction Intermediates in Acetonitrile and Construction of Thermodynamic Characteristic Graphs (TCGs) of Imines as a “Molecule ID Card”. J Org Chem 2009; 75:789-808. [DOI: 10.1021/jo902332n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Qing Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Qiao-Yun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Qiang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Lian-Rui Mei
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
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Richter D, Tan Y, Antipova A, Zhu X, Mayr H. Kinetics of Hydride Abstractions from 2‐Arylbenzimidazolines. Chem Asian J 2009; 4:1824-1829. [PMID: 19839024 DOI: 10.1002/asia.200900322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dorothea Richter
- Department Chemie und Biochemie, Ludwig‐Maximilians‐Universität München, Butenandtstr. 5–13 (Haus F), 81377 München (Germany), Fax: (+49) 89‐2180‐77717
| | - Yue Tan
- Department Chemie und Biochemie, Ludwig‐Maximilians‐Universität München, Butenandtstr. 5–13 (Haus F), 81377 München (Germany), Fax: (+49) 89‐2180‐77717
| | - Anna Antipova
- Department Chemie und Biochemie, Ludwig‐Maximilians‐Universität München, Butenandtstr. 5–13 (Haus F), 81377 München (Germany), Fax: (+49) 89‐2180‐77717
| | - Xiao‐Qing Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento‐Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Weijin Road, No 94, 300071 Tianjin (P.R. China), Fax: (+86) 22‐2349‐9184
| | - Herbert Mayr
- Department Chemie und Biochemie, Ludwig‐Maximilians‐Universität München, Butenandtstr. 5–13 (Haus F), 81377 München (Germany), Fax: (+49) 89‐2180‐77717
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Baskovc J, Bevk D, Stanovnik B, Svete J. Bis-enaminone based parallel solution-phase synthesis of 1,4-dihydropyridine derivatives. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 11:500-7. [PMID: 19397313 DOI: 10.1021/cc900032c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Two variations of a parallel solution-phase synthesis of N-substituted dimethyl 4-oxo-1,4-dihydropyridine-3,5-dicarboxylates 4 and methyl 3-oxo-3,5-dihydro-2H-pyrazolo[4,3-c]pyridine-7-carboxylates 9 from dimethyl acetone-1,3-dicarboxylate (1) were developed. The first synthetic method comprises preparation of the bis-enaminone reagents 2 and 8 and their cyclization with primary amines 3 via double substitution of both dimethylamino groups to give dihydropyridines (DHPs) 4 and 9, respectively. Another variation consists of preparation of the monoenaminone reagents 5 and 10, followed by substitution of the dimethylamino group with primary amines 3, and cyclization of the so formed intermediates 6 with N,N-dimethylformamide dimethylacetal (DMFDMA). In this manner, a library of 46 analytically pure compounds, 24 intermediates 6, 11, and 13, and 22 final dihydropyridines 4 and 9 was obtained employing just a simple filtration workup.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jernej Baskovc
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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Richter D, Mayr H. Hydrid-Donor-Stärke von 1,4-Dihydropyridinen: ein Vergleich mit π-Nucleophilen und Borhydrid-Anionen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200804263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Richter D, Mayr H. Hydride-Donor Abilities of 1,4-Dihydropyridines: A Comparison with π Nucleophiles and Borohydride Anions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2009; 48:1958-61. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.200804263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Guo W, Zhang Y, Zhou G. Tetrahydropyrimidine Derivatives as Efficient Organic Reductants for Transfer Hydrogenation. HETEROCYCLES 2009. [DOI: 10.3987/com-08-11603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Kormos CM, Hull RM, Leadbeater NE. Microwave Heating in Conjunction with UV Irradiation: a Tool for the Oxidation of 1,4-Dihydropyridines to Pyridines. Aust J Chem 2009. [DOI: 10.1071/ch08414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Microwave heating is used for the preparation of 1,4-dihydropyridines and then, in conjunction with UV irradiation, is used for the efficient oxidation of the 1,4-dihydropyridines to pyridines. The oxidation reactions are performed in a sealed vessel using oxygen as the oxidant and an electrodeless discharge lamp as the irradiation source.
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Singh L, Singh Ishar MP, Elango M, Subramanian V, Gupta V, Kanwal P. Synthesis of Unsymmetrical Substituted 1,4-Dihydropyridines through Thermal and Microwave Assisted [4+2] Cycloadditions of 1-Azadienes and Allenic Esters. J Org Chem 2008; 73:2224-33. [DOI: 10.1021/jo702548b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lakhwinder Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143 005, Punjab, India, Chemical Laboratory, Central Leather Research Institute, Adyar, Chennai 600 020, Tamilnadu, India, and P. G. Department of Physics, University of Jammu, Jammu Tawi-180 006, India
| | - M. P. Singh Ishar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143 005, Punjab, India, Chemical Laboratory, Central Leather Research Institute, Adyar, Chennai 600 020, Tamilnadu, India, and P. G. Department of Physics, University of Jammu, Jammu Tawi-180 006, India
| | - Munusamy Elango
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143 005, Punjab, India, Chemical Laboratory, Central Leather Research Institute, Adyar, Chennai 600 020, Tamilnadu, India, and P. G. Department of Physics, University of Jammu, Jammu Tawi-180 006, India
| | - Venkatesan Subramanian
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143 005, Punjab, India, Chemical Laboratory, Central Leather Research Institute, Adyar, Chennai 600 020, Tamilnadu, India, and P. G. Department of Physics, University of Jammu, Jammu Tawi-180 006, India
| | - Vivek Gupta
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143 005, Punjab, India, Chemical Laboratory, Central Leather Research Institute, Adyar, Chennai 600 020, Tamilnadu, India, and P. G. Department of Physics, University of Jammu, Jammu Tawi-180 006, India
| | - Priyanka Kanwal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143 005, Punjab, India, Chemical Laboratory, Central Leather Research Institute, Adyar, Chennai 600 020, Tamilnadu, India, and P. G. Department of Physics, University of Jammu, Jammu Tawi-180 006, India
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Zhu XQ, Zhang MT, Yu A, Wang CH, Cheng JP. Hydride, Hydrogen Atom, Proton, and Electron Transfer Driving Forces of Various Five-Membered Heterocyclic Organic Hydrides and Their Reaction Intermediates in Acetonitrile. J Am Chem Soc 2008; 130:2501-16. [DOI: 10.1021/ja075523m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 257] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Qing Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Ming-Tian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Ao Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Chun-Hua Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Jin-Pei Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
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Xu HJ, Dai DM, Liu YC, Li J, Luo SW, Wu YD. Mechanistic investigation on the reaction of 1,1-di-p-substituted phenyl-2,2-dinitroethylene with 1-benzyl-1,4-dihydronicotin-amide in oxygen saturated acetonitrile—clear evidence for intermediate mechanism. Tetrahedron Lett 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2005.06.095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Garcia-Viloca M, Truhlar DG, Gao J. Reaction-path energetics and kinetics of the hydride transfer reaction catalyzed by dihydrofolate reductase. Biochemistry 2004; 42:13558-75. [PMID: 14622003 DOI: 10.1021/bi034824f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 179] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We have studied the hydride transfer reaction catalyzed by the enzyme dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) and the coenzyme nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH); the substrate is 5-protonated 7,8-dihydrofolate, and the product is tetrahydrofolate. The potential energy surface is modeled by a combined quantum mechanical-molecular mechanical (QM/MM) method employing Austin model 1 (AM1) and a simple valence bond potential for 69 QM atoms and employing the CHARMM22 and TIP3P molecular mechanics force fields for the other 21 399 atoms; the QM and MM regions are joined by two boundary atoms treated by the generalized hybrid orbital (GHO) method. All simulations are carried out using periodic boundary conditions at neutral pH and 298 K. In stage 1, a reaction coordinate is defined as the difference between the breaking and forming bond distances to the hydride ion, and a quasithermodynamic free energy profile is calculated along this reaction coordinate. This calculation includes quantization effects on bound vibrations but not on the reaction coordinate, and it is used to locate the variational transition state that defines a transition state ensemble. Then, the key interactions at the reactant, variational transition state, and product are analyzed in terms of both bond distances and electrostatic energies. The results of both analyses support the conclusion derived from previous mutational studies that the M20 loop of DHFR makes an important contribution to the electrostatic stabilization of the hydride transfer transition state. Third, transmission coefficients (including recrossing factors and multidimensional tunneling) are calculated and averaged over the transition state ensemble. These averaged transmission coefficients, combined with the quasithermodynamic free energy profile determined in stage 1, allow us to calculate rate constants, phenomenological free energies of activation, and primary and secondary kinetic isotope effects. A primary kinetic isotope effect (KIE) of 2.8 has been obtained, in good agreement with the experimentally determined value of 3.0 and with the value 3.2 calculated previously. The primary KIE is mainly a consequence of the quantization of bound vibrations. In contrast, the secondary KIE, with a value of 1.13, is almost entirely due to dynamical effects on the reaction coordinate, especially tunneling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mireia Garcia-Viloca
- Department of Chemistry and Minnesota Supercomputing Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
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Hydrogen Transfer from Hantzsch 1,4-Dihydropyridines to Carbon-Carbon Double Bonds under Microwave Irradiation. Molecules 2002. [PMCID: PMC6146430 DOI: 10.3390/70700528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
1,4-Dihydropyridines (DHPs) have been used in the reduction of carbon-carbon double bonds under microwave irradiation without solvent. The efficiency of the reactions is dramatically dependent on the steric effects in the DHPs and on the electronic effects in the olefins.
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Stanovnik B, Hvala A, Jukic Sorsak L, Sorsak G, Bratusek U, Svete J, Lah N, Leban I. 4-[3-Dimethylamino-1-(2-dimethylaminovinyl]prop-2-enylidene]-2-phenyl-1,3-oxazol-5(4H)-one and 5-[3-Dimethylamino-1-(2-dimethylaminovinyl)prop-2-enylidene]-3-methyl-2-thioxo-1,3-thiazolidin-4-one in the Synthesis of 1,4-Dihydropyridine Derivatives. HETEROCYCLES 2002. [DOI: 10.3987/com-02-9433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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