1
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Drakontaeidi A, Papanotas I, Pontiki E. Multitarget Pharmacology of Sulfur-Nitrogen Heterocycles: Anticancer and Antioxidant Perspectives. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:898. [PMID: 39199144 PMCID: PMC11351258 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13080898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2024] [Revised: 07/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/20/2024] [Indexed: 09/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer and oxidative stress are interrelated, with reactive oxygen species (ROS) playing crucial roles in physiological processes and oncogenesis. Excessive ROS levels can induce DNA damage, leading to cancer, and disrupt antioxidant defenses, contributing to diseases like diabetes and cardiovascular disorders. Antioxidant mechanisms include enzymes and small molecules that mitigate ROS damage. However, cancer cells often exploit oxidative conditions to evade apoptosis and promote tumor growth. Antioxidant therapy has shown mixed results, with timing and cancer-type influencing outcomes. Multifunctional drugs targeting multiple pathways offer a promising approach, reducing side effects and improving efficacy. Recent research focuses on sulfur-nitrogen heterocyclic derivatives for their dual antioxidant and anticancer properties, potentially enhancing therapeutic efficacy in oncology. The newly synthesized compounds often do not demonstrate both antioxidant and anticancer properties simultaneously. Heterocyclic rings are typically combined with phenyl groups, where hydroxy substitutions enhance antioxidant activity. On the other hand, electron-withdrawing substituents, particularly at the p-position on the phenyl ring, tend to enhance anticancer activity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Eleni Pontiki
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (A.D.); (I.P.)
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2
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Hussein AM, Al Bahir A, Zaki YH, Ahmed OM, Eweas AF, Elroby SA, Mohamed MA. Synthesis, in vitro antioxidant, anticancer activity and molecular docking of new thiazole derivatives. RESULTS IN CHEMISTRY 2024; 7:101508. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rechem.2024.101508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/09/2024] Open
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3
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Delfau L, Assani N, Nichilo S, Pecaut J, Philouze C, Broggi J, Martin D, Tomás-Mendivil E. On the Redox Properties of the Dimers of Thiazol-2-ylidenes That Are Relevant for Radical Catalysis. ACS ORGANIC & INORGANIC AU 2023; 3:136-142. [PMID: 37303499 PMCID: PMC10251502 DOI: 10.1021/acsorginorgau.3c00008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
We report the isolation and study of dimers stemming from popular thiazol-2-ylidene organocatalysts. The model featuring 2,6-di(isopropyl)phenyl (Dipp) N-substituents was found to be a stronger reducing agent (Eox = -0.8 V vs SCE) than bis(thiazol-2-ylidenes) previously studied in the literature. In addition, a remarkable potential gap between the first and second oxidation of the dimer also allows for the isolation of the corresponding air-persistent radical cation. The latter is an unexpected efficient promoter of the radical transformation of α-bromoamides into oxindoles.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nadhrata Assani
- Aix
Marseille Univ., CNRS, Institut de Chimie Radicalaire - UMR 7273,
Faculté de Pharmacie, 13005 Marseille, France
| | | | - Jacques Pecaut
- Univ.
Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, INAC-SyMMES, UMR 5819 38000 Grenoble, France
| | | | - Julie Broggi
- Aix
Marseille Univ., CNRS, Institut de Chimie Radicalaire - UMR 7273,
Faculté de Pharmacie, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - David Martin
- Univ.
Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, DCM, 38000 Grenoble, France
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4
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Chowdhury MG, Das R, Vyas H, Sasane T, Mori O, Kamble S, Patel S, Shard A. A Comprehensive Account of Synthesis and Biological Activities of α‐lidene‐ Benzocycloalkanones and Benzoheterocycles. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202201468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Moumita Ghosh Chowdhury
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research- Ahmedabad Gandhinagar Gujarat 380054 India
| | - Rudradip Das
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research- Ahmedabad Gandhinagar Gujarat 380054 India
| | - Het Vyas
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research- Ahmedabad Gandhinagar Gujarat 380054 India
| | - Tejal Sasane
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research- Ahmedabad Gandhinagar Gujarat 380054 India
| | - Omprakash Mori
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research- Ahmedabad Gandhinagar Gujarat 380054 India
| | - Sayali Kamble
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research- Ahmedabad Gandhinagar Gujarat 380054 India
| | - Sagarkumar Patel
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research- Ahmedabad Gandhinagar Gujarat 380054 India
| | - Amit Shard
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research- Ahmedabad Gandhinagar Gujarat 380054 India
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5
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Gehrke S, Hollóczki O. N-Heterocyclic Carbene Organocatalysis: With or Without Carbenes? Chemistry 2020; 26:10140-10151. [PMID: 32608090 PMCID: PMC7496998 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202002656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
In this work the mechanism of the aldehyde umpolung reactions, catalyzed by azolium cations in the presence of bases, was studied through computational methods. Next to the mechanism established by Breslow in the 1950s that takes effect through the formation of a free carbene, we have suggested that these processes can follow a concerted asynchronous path, in which the azolium cation directly reacts with the substrate, avoiding the formation of the carbene intermediate. We hereby show that substituting the azolium cation, and varying the base or the substrate do not affect the preference for the concerted reaction mechanism. The concerted path was found to exhibit low barriers also for the reactions of thiamine with model substrates, showing that this path might have biological relevance. The dominance of the concerted mechanism can be explained through the specific structure of the key transition state, avoiding the liberation of the highly reactive, and thus unstable carbene lone pair, whereas activating the substrate through hydrogen-bonding interactions. Polar and hydrogen-bonding solvents, as well as the presence of the counterions of the azolium salts facilitate the reaction through carbenes, bringing the barriers of the two reaction mechanisms closer, in many cases making the concerted path less favorable. Thus, our data show that by choosing the exact components in a reaction, the mechanism can be switched to occur with or without carbenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sascha Gehrke
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical ChemistryUniversity of BonnBeringstr. 4+653115BonnGermany
| | - Oldamur Hollóczki
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical ChemistryUniversity of BonnBeringstr. 4+653115BonnGermany
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6
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Hollóczki O. The Mechanism of N-Heterocyclic Carbene Organocatalysis through a Magnifying Glass. Chemistry 2020; 26:4885-4894. [PMID: 31797448 PMCID: PMC7187225 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201903021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The term "N-Heterocyclic carbene organocatalysis" is often invoked in organic synthesis for reactions that are catalyzed by different azolium salts in the presence of bases. Although the mechanism of these reactions is considered today evident, a closer look into the details that have been collected throughout the last century reveals that there are many open questions and even contradictions in the field. Emerging new theoretical and experimental results offer solutions to these problems, because they show that through considering alternative reaction mechanisms a more consistent picture on the catalytic process can be obtained. These novel perspectives will be able to extend the scope of the reactions that we call today N-heterocyclic carbene organocatalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oldamur Hollóczki
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical ChemistryUniversity of BonnBeringstrasse 4+653115BonnGermany
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7
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Kim JW, Kim Y, Baek KY, Lee K, Kim WY. Performance of ACE-Reaction on 26 Organic Reactions for Fully Automated Reaction Network Construction and Microkinetic Analysis. J Phys Chem A 2019; 123:4796-4805. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.9b02161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jin Woo Kim
- Department of Chemistry, KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeonjoon Kim
- Department of Chemistry, KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Yup Baek
- Department of Chemistry, KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyunghoon Lee
- Department of Chemistry, KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo Youn Kim
- Department of Chemistry, KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
- KAIST Institute for Artificial Intelligence, KAIST 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
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Grygiel K, Lee JS, Sakaushi K, Antonietti M, Yuan J. Thiazolium Poly(ionic liquid)s: Synthesis and Application as Binder for Lithium-Ion Batteries. ACS Macro Lett 2015; 4:1312-1316. [PMID: 35614774 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.5b00655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We report a synthetic route to thiazolium-type poly(ionic liquid)s (PILs), which can be applied as a polymeric binder in lithium-ion batteries. The ionic liquid monomers were first synthesized by quaternization reaction of 4-methyl-5-vinyl thiazole with methyl iodide, followed by anion exchange reactions to replace iodide by fluorinated anions to access a liquid state below 100 °C. Subsequently, these monomers bearing thiazolium cations in their structure underwent radical polymerizations in bulk to produce corresponding polymers. The dependence of solution and thermal properties of such monomeric and polymeric materials on the choice of the counteranion was investigated. Finally, the thiazolium-type PIL bearing a bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (TFSI) anion was proven to be a high performance binder for lithium-ion battery electrodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konrad Grygiel
- Department
of Colloid Chemistry, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg 1, OT Golm, D-14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Jung-Soo Lee
- Department
of Colloid Chemistry, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg 1, OT Golm, D-14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Ken Sakaushi
- Department
of Colloid Chemistry, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg 1, OT Golm, D-14476 Potsdam, Germany
- International
Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (MANA), National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, 305-0044 Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Markus Antonietti
- Department
of Colloid Chemistry, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg 1, OT Golm, D-14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Jiayin Yuan
- Department
of Colloid Chemistry, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg 1, OT Golm, D-14476 Potsdam, Germany
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9
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An investigation of the catalytic potential of potassium cyanide and imidazolium salts for ultrasound-assisted synthesis of benzoin derivatives. JOURNAL OF SAUDI CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jscs.2012.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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10
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Tian Y, Lee JK. Gas Phase Studies of N-Heterocyclic Carbene-Catalyzed Condensation Reactions. J Org Chem 2015; 80:6831-8. [PMID: 26066314 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.5b01069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
N-Heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) catalyze Umpolung condensation reactions of carbonyl compounds, including the Stetter reaction. These types of reactions have not heretofore been examined in the gas phase. Herein, we explore the feasibility of examining these reactions in the absence of solvent. A charge-tagged thiazolylidene catalyst is used to track the reactions by mass spectrometry. We find that the first Umpolung step, the addition of the NHC catalyst to a carbonyl compound to form the "Breslow intermediate", does not readily proceed in the gas phase, contrary to the case in solution. The use of acylsilanes in place of the carbonyl compounds appears to solve this issue, presumably because of a favorable Brook rearrangement. The second addition reaction, with enones, does not occur under our gas phase conditions. These reactions do occur in solution; the differential reactivity between the condensed and gas phases is discussed, and calculations are used to aid in the interpretation of the results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Tian
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901, United States
| | - Jeehiun K Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901, United States
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11
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Kato T, Ota Y, Matsuoka SI, Takagi K, Suzuki M. Experimental mechanistic studies of the tail-to-tail dimerization of methyl methacrylate catalyzed by N-heterocyclic carbene. J Org Chem 2013; 78:8739-47. [PMID: 23941561 DOI: 10.1021/jo401477b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
We and others have previously reported the intermolecular umpolung reactions of Michael acceptors catalyzed by an N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC). The representative tail-to-tail dimerization of methyl methacrylate (MMA) has now been intensively investigated, leading to the following conclusions: (1) The catalysis involves the deoxy-Breslow intermediate, which is quite stable and remains active after the catalysis. (2) Addition of the intermediate to MMA and the final catalyst elimination are the rate-limiting steps. Addition of the NHC to MMA and the proton transfers are relatively very rapid. (3) The two alkenyl protons of the first MMA undergo an intermolecular transfer to C3 and C5 of the dimer. (4) The initial proton transfer is intermolecular. (5) Compared with the benzoin condensation, noticeable differences in the kinetics, reversibility, and stability of the intermediates are observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Terumasa Kato
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8555, Japan
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12
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He Y, Xue Y. Theoretical investigations on the mechanism of benzoin condensation catalyzed by pyrido[1,2-a]-2-ethyl[1,2,4]triazol-3-ylidene. J Phys Chem A 2011; 115:1408-17. [PMID: 21306173 DOI: 10.1021/jp110352e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
A new annulated N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC), pyrido[1,2-a]-2-ethyl[1,2,4]triazol-3-ylidene, has been synthesized and its good catalytic activity for benzoin condensation has been experimentally determined by You and co-workers recently [ Ma , Y. J. , Wei , S. P. , Lan , J. B. , Wang , J. Z. , Xie , R. G. , and You , J. S. J. Org. Chem. 2008 , 73 , 8256 ]. In this work, the mechanism of the title reaction has been intensively studied computationally by employing the density functional theory (B3LYP) method in conjunction with 6-31+G(d) and 6-311+G(2d,p) basis sets. Our results indicate that path A (in which a sequence of intermolecular proton transfers between two carbene/benzaldehyde coupling intermediates affords enamine) and path B (in which a t-BuOH assisted hydrogen transfer generates enamine) proposed on the basis of the Breslow mechanism are competitive for their similar barriers. In path A, the first intermolecular proton transfer between two N-heterocyclic carbene/benzaldehyde coupled intermediates to form tertiary alcohol and enolate anion is theoretically the rate-determining step with corresponding barrier (30.93 kcal/mol), while the t-BuOH assisted hydrogen transfer generating Breslow enamine is the rate-determining step with corresponding barrier (28.84 kcal/mol) in path B. The coupling of carbene and benzaldehyde, and the coupling of enamine and another benzaldehyde to form a C-C bond are partially rate-determining for their relatively significant barriers (24.06 and 26.95 kcal/mol, respectively), being the same in both paths A and B. Our results are in nice agreement with the experimental result in a kinetic investigation of thiazolium ion-catalyzed benzoin condensation performed by White and Leeper in 2001.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunqing He
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University , Chengdu 610064, People's Republic of China
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13
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He Y, Xue Y. Mechanism Insight into the Cyanide-Catalyzed Benzoin Condensation: A Density Functional Theory Study. J Phys Chem A 2010; 114:9222-30. [DOI: 10.1021/jp103031q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yunqing He
- College of Chemistry, Key Lab of Green Chemistry and Technology in Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, People’s Republic of China, and Department of Chemistry and Engineering, Sichuan University of Arts and Science, Dazhou 635000,People’s Republic of China
| | - Ying Xue
- College of Chemistry, Key Lab of Green Chemistry and Technology in Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, People’s Republic of China, and Department of Chemistry and Engineering, Sichuan University of Arts and Science, Dazhou 635000,People’s Republic of China
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14
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Tachibana Y, Kihara N, Nakazono K, Takata T. Thiazolium-Tethering Rotaxane-Catalyzed Asymmetric Benzoin Condensation: Unique Asymmetric Field Constructed by the Cooperation of Rotaxane Components. PHOSPHORUS SULFUR 2010. [DOI: 10.1080/10426501003773589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuya Tachibana
- a Department of Organic and Polymeric Materials , Tokyo Institute of Technology , Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Kihara
- b Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science , Kanagawa University , Hiratsuka, Japan
| | - Kazuko Nakazono
- a Department of Organic and Polymeric Materials , Tokyo Institute of Technology , Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshikazu Takata
- a Department of Organic and Polymeric Materials , Tokyo Institute of Technology , Tokyo, Japan
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Vedachalam S, Zeng J, Gorityala BK, Antonio M, Liu XW. N-Heterocyclic Carbene-Catalyzed Intramolecular Aldehyde−Nitrile Cross Coupling: An Easy Access to 3- Aminochromones. Org Lett 2009; 12:352-5. [DOI: 10.1021/ol9026232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Seenuvasan Vedachalam
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371
| | - Jing Zeng
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371
| | - Bala Kishan Gorityala
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371
| | - Meraldo Antonio
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371
| | - Xue-Wei Liu
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371
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16
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Ma Y, Wei S, Lan J, Wang J, Xie R, You J. Pyrido[1,2-a][1,2,4]triazol-3-ylidenes as a New Family of Stable AnnulatedN-Heterocyclic Carbenes: Synthesis, Reactivity, and Their Application in Coordination Chemistry and Organocatalysis. J Org Chem 2008; 73:8256-64. [PMID: 18844416 DOI: 10.1021/jo801349d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yajun Ma
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, 29 Wangjiang Road, Chengdu 610064, Peopleʼs Republic of China
| | - Siping Wei
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, 29 Wangjiang Road, Chengdu 610064, Peopleʼs Republic of China
| | - Jingbo Lan
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, 29 Wangjiang Road, Chengdu 610064, Peopleʼs Republic of China
| | - Jingzhi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, 29 Wangjiang Road, Chengdu 610064, Peopleʼs Republic of China
| | - Rugang Xie
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, 29 Wangjiang Road, Chengdu 610064, Peopleʼs Republic of China
| | - Jingsong You
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, 29 Wangjiang Road, Chengdu 610064, Peopleʼs Republic of China
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17
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Ding H, Zhang Y, Bian M, Yao W, Ma C. Concise Assembly of Highly Substituted Furan-Fused 1,4-Thiazepines and Their Diels−Alder Reactions with Benzynes. J Org Chem 2007; 73:578-84. [DOI: 10.1021/jo702299m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hanfeng Ding
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Yiping Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Ming Bian
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Weijun Yao
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Cheng Ma
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
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Affiliation(s)
- Dieter Enders
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, D-52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Oliver Niemeier
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, D-52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Alexander Henseler
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, D-52074 Aachen, Germany
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19
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Marion N, Díez-González S, Nolan SP. N-Heterocyclic Carbenes as Organocatalysts. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2007; 46:2988-3000. [PMID: 17348057 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200603380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1251] [Impact Index Per Article: 73.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Organocatalyzed reactions represent an attractive alternative to metal-catalyzed processes notably because of their lower cost and benign environmental impact in comparison to organometallic catalysis. In this context, N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) have been studied for their ability to promote primarily the benzoin condensation. Lately, dramatic progress in understanding their intrinsic properties and in their synthesis have made them available to organic chemists. This has resulted in a tremendous increase of their scope and in a true explosion of the number of papers reporting NHC-catalyzed reactions. Here, we highlight the ever-increasing number of reactions that can be promoted by N-heterocyclic carbenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Marion
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Av. Països Catalans, 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
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20
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Marion N, Díez-González S, Nolan S. N-heterocyclische Carbene als Organokatalysatoren. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200603380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 414] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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21
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Stamatis A, Malandrinos G, Butler IS, Hadjiliadis N, Louloudi M. Intermediates of thiamine catalysis immobilized on silica surface as active biocatalysts for α-ketoacid decarboxylation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcata.2006.11.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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22
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Stereoselective synthesis of novel benzoins catalysed by benzaldehyde lyase in a gel-stabilised two-phase system. Tetrahedron 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2005.05.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Lorcy D, Bellec N. Dithiadiazafulvalenes: Promising Precursors of Molecular Materials. Chem Rev 2004; 104:5185-202. [PMID: 15535647 DOI: 10.1021/cr0306586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- D Lorcy
- Groupe Hétérochimie et Matériaux Electroactifs, Institut de Chimie de Rennes, UMR-CNRS 6510-Université de Rennes 1, Campus de Beaulieu, Bât 10A, 35042 Rennes Cedex, France.
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Tachibana Y, Kihara N, Takata T. Asymmetric Benzoin Condensation Catalyzed by Chiral Rotaxanes Tethering a Thiazolium Salt Moiety via the Cooperation of the Component: Can Rotaxane Be an Effective Reaction Field? J Am Chem Soc 2004; 126:3438-9. [PMID: 15025467 DOI: 10.1021/ja039461l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Although some reactions on rotaxanes have been reported, the characteristic features of the rotaxanes providing unique reaction fields have hardly been studied, especially as catalyst. In our continuous studies on interlocked molecules such as rotaxanes and catenanes, we have noticed the importance of such interlocked structures with high freedom in functionalized materials such as molecular catalyst. For catalytic asymmetric benzoin condensations, two optically active rotaxanes possessing thiazolium salt moieties were prepared using the binaphthyl group as the chiral auxiliary. The benzoin condensations of aromatic aldehydes catalyzed by the chiral rotaxanes as catalysts gave optically active benzoins with ca. 30% ee in moderate to high chemical yields depending upon the structure of rotaxane and the reaction conditions employed. From the results, two intrarotaxane chirality transfers are confirmed: (i) through-space chirality transfer from wheel to axle and (ii) through-bond chirality transfer controlled with an achiral wheel. Because these asymmetric reaction fields are specific to the rotaxane structure, the importance and possibility of the "rotaxane field" as a particular reaction field is demonstrated in this work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuya Tachibana
- Department of Organic and Polymeric Materials, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Ookayama, Meguro, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan
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TAJIMA H, INOUE H, ITO MM. A Computational Study on the Mechanism of the Formose Reaction Catalyzed by the Thiazolium Salt. JOURNAL OF COMPUTER CHEMISTRY-JAPAN 2003. [DOI: 10.2477/jccj.2.127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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26
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Demir AS, Hamamci H, Sesenoglu O, Neslihanoglu R, Asikoglu B, Capanoglu D. Fungal deracemization of benzoin. Tetrahedron Lett 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(02)01362-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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27
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Dünnwald T, Demir A, Siegert P, Pohl M, Müller M. Enantioselective Synthesis of (S)-2-Hydroxypropanone Derivatives by Benzoylformate Decarboxylase Catalyzed C−C Bond Formation. European J Org Chem 2000. [DOI: 10.1002/1099-0690(200006)2000:11<2161::aid-ejoc2161>3.0.co;2-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- Didier Bourissou
- Laboratoire d'Hétérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée (UPRES-A CNRS 5069), 118 route de Narbonne, Université Paul Sabatier (Bât 2R1), F-31062 Toulouse Cedex 04, France, Centre de Recherche Rhône-Alpes, Elf-Atochem, BP 63, F-69493 Pierre Bénite, France, and Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843-3255
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Demir AS, Dünnwald T, Iding H, Pohl M, Müller M. Asymmetric benzoin reaction catalyzed by benzoylformate decarboxylase. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s0957-4166(99)00516-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Motesharei K, Myles DC. Multistep Synthesis on the Surface of Self-Assembled Thiolate Monolayers on Gold: Probing the Mechanism of the Thiazolium-Promoted Acyloin Condensation. J Am Chem Soc 1997. [DOI: 10.1021/ja970627q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kianoush Motesharei
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry University of California Los Angeles, California 90095-1569
| | - David C. Myles
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry University of California Los Angeles, California 90095-1569
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31
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López-Calahorra F, Castro E, Ochoa A, Martí J. Further evidences about the role of bis(thiazolin-2-ylidene)s as the actual catalytic species in the generalised benzoin condensation. Tetrahedron Lett 1996. [DOI: 10.1016/0040-4039(96)01023-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Henrique Teles J, Melder JP, Ebel K, Schneider R, Gehrer E, Harder W, Brode S, Enders D, Breuer K, Raabe G. The Chemistry of Stable Carbenes. Part 2. Benzoin-type condensations of formaldehyde catalyzed by stable carbenes. Helv Chim Acta 1996. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.19960790108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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A kinetic study by NMR of the benzoin condensation catalyzed by thiazolium salts in mild basic conditions: a second order process in both aldehyde and pre-catalyst. Tetrahedron 1995. [DOI: 10.1016/0040-4020(95)00555-m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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35
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Breslow R, Kim R. The thiazolium catalyzed benzoin condensation with mild base does not involve a “dimer” intermediate. Tetrahedron Lett 1994. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(00)75794-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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36
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Castells J, Domingo L, López-Calahorra F, Martí J. New evidence supporting bis(thiazolin-2-ylidene)s as the actual catalytic species in the benzoin condensation. Tetrahedron Lett 1993. [DOI: 10.1016/0040-4039(93)85116-e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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37
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