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Sikandar S, Zahoor AF, Naheed S, Parveen B, Ali KG, Akhtar R. Fukuyama reduction, Fukuyama coupling and Fukuyama-Mitsunobu alkylation: recent developments and synthetic applications. Mol Divers 2021; 26:589-628. [PMID: 33575984 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-021-10194-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 01/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Fukuyama reaction for the synthesis of multifunctional aldehydes, secondary amines and ketones has gained considerable importance in synthetic organic chemistry because of mild reaction conditions. The use of thioesters in both Fukuyama aldehydes and ketones synthesis is highly attractive for organic chemists as they are easily accessible from corresponding carboxylic acids. Fukuyama-Mitsunobu reaction utilizes 2-nitrobenzenesulfonyl (Ns) for the protection/activation/deprotection of primary amines to afford secondary amines in good yields and high enantioselectivities. This review presents recent synthetic developments and applications of Fukuyama reaction for the synthesis of aldehydes, secondary amines and ketones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sana Sikandar
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Ameer Fawad Zahoor
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan.
| | - Shazia Naheed
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Bushra Parveen
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Kulsoom Ghulam Ali
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Rabia Akhtar
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
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2
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Guo R, Yang G, Feng Z, Zhu Y, Yang P, Song H, Wang W, Huang P, Zhang J. Glutathione-induced amino-activatable micellar photosensitization platform for synergistic redox modulation and photodynamic therapy. Biomater Sci 2018; 6:1238-1249. [PMID: 29589866 DOI: 10.1039/c8bm00094h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, photodynamic therapy (PDT) was considered to be a promising cancer treatment modality, however, the therapeutic efficiency was often attenuated by the intrinsic antioxidant defense systems. Herein, a kind of novel glutathione-induced amino-activatable micelle was designed, which was expected to weaken the antioxidant capacity and in the meantime release the photosensitizer by the exhaustion of intracellular glutathione (GSH). The amphiphilic poly(ethylene glycol)-(2-((2,4-dinitro-N-(ethyl) phenyl)sulfonamido) ethyl methacrylate) copolymers were synthesized and assembled into a core-shell nano structure in aqueous media. The nano structure demonstrated high sensitivity and selectivity to bio-thiols in vitro and in vivo. Subsequently, pheophorbide a (PhA) was encapsulated as the model photosensitizer. Upon internalization by HepG2 cells, the strongly electron-withdrawing 2,4-dinitrobenzenesulfonyl groups on the PADEE segments were readily cleaved by GSH, during which time the secondary amino groups (pKb = 11.32) were recovered and completely protonated, leading to disassembly of the micelles and rapid release of PhA. Importantly, the consumption of GSH weakened the intracellular antioxidant capacity, resulting in the synergetic accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) under laser irradiation. As a result, this micellar photosensitization system could overcome the antioxidant capacity of advanced stage tumors through a simultaneous extrinsic and intrinsic strategy, facilitating therapeutic efficiency. These results demonstrate that the as-designed micelles provide a versatile photosensitization platform for on-demand PDT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiwei Guo
- Department of Polymer Science and Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China. jhuazhang @tju.edu.cn
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3
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Sable GA, Lee KJ, Shin MK, Lim HS. Submonomer Strategy toward Divergent Solid-Phase Synthesis of α-ABpeptoids. Org Lett 2018; 20:2526-2529. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b00661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ganesh A. Sable
- Department of Chemistry and Division of Advanced Material Science, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, South Korea
| | - Kang Ju Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Division of Advanced Material Science, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, South Korea
| | - Min-Kyung Shin
- Department of Chemistry and Division of Advanced Material Science, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, South Korea
| | - Hyun-Suk Lim
- Department of Chemistry and Division of Advanced Material Science, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, South Korea
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Rodríguez-Vázquez N, García-Fandiño R, Amorín M, Granja JR. Self-assembling α,γ-cyclic peptides that generate cavities with tunable properties. Chem Sci 2016; 7:183-187. [PMID: 28757999 PMCID: PMC5515055 DOI: 10.1039/c5sc03187g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2015] [Accepted: 09/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The design and synthesis of β-sheet-based self-assembling cyclic peptides with tunable cavities is described. The incorporation of a γ-amino acid with a hydroxyl group at C2 allows the incorporation of different groups that modify the internal properties of the resulting dimeric ensemble. These dimers can entrap different guests depending on the properties of the group at C2. The guest defines the geometry of the resulting aggregate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuria Rodríguez-Vázquez
- Singular Research Centre in Chemical Biology and Molecular Materials , (CIQUS) , Organic Chemistry Department , University of Santiago de Compostela (USC) , 15782 Santiago de Compostela , Spain
| | - Rebeca García-Fandiño
- Singular Research Centre in Chemical Biology and Molecular Materials , (CIQUS) , Organic Chemistry Department , University of Santiago de Compostela (USC) , 15782 Santiago de Compostela , Spain
| | - Manuel Amorín
- Singular Research Centre in Chemical Biology and Molecular Materials , (CIQUS) , Organic Chemistry Department , University of Santiago de Compostela (USC) , 15782 Santiago de Compostela , Spain
| | - Juan R Granja
- Singular Research Centre in Chemical Biology and Molecular Materials , (CIQUS) , Organic Chemistry Department , University of Santiago de Compostela (USC) , 15782 Santiago de Compostela , Spain
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Fülöpová V, Soural M. Mining the Chemical Space: Application of 2/4-Nitrobenzenesulfonamides in Solid-Phase Synthesis. ACS COMBINATORIAL SCIENCE 2015; 17:570-91. [PMID: 26325251 DOI: 10.1021/acscombsci.5b00089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Polymer-supported benzenesulfonamides prepared from various immobilized primary amines and 2/4-nitrobenzenesulfonyl chloride have been used as key intermediates in different chemical transformations, including unusual rearrangements to yield a number of diverse privileged scaffolds. This review summarizes individual strategies in their application to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronika Fülöpová
- Department of Organic Chemistry,
Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Science, Palacky University, 17 listopadu 12, 771 46 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Miroslav Soural
- Department of Organic Chemistry,
Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Science, Palacky University, 17 listopadu 12, 771 46 Olomouc, Czech Republic
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6
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Solid phase synthesis of constrained 13-membered peptide macrocycles employing Fukuyama–Mitsunobu alkylations. Tetrahedron Lett 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2015.03.091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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7
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Kisseljova K, Smyslová P, Krchňák V. Benzhydrylamines via base-mediated intramolecular sp(3) C-arylation of N-benzyl-2-nitrobenzenesulfonamides--advanced intermediates for the synthesis of nitrogenous heterocycles. ACS COMBINATORIAL SCIENCE 2014; 16:573-7. [PMID: 25180543 DOI: 10.1021/co500098y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
N-Benzyl-2-nitrobenzenesulfonamides underwent base-mediated intramolecular arylation at the benzyl sp(3) carbon to yield benzhydrylamines. The presence of electron withdrawing groups on the aromatic ring of the benzyl group was required to facilitate the C-arylation. Unsymmetrically substituted benzhydrylamines are advanced intermediates toward nitrogenous heterocycles, as exemplified in the syntheses of indazole oxides and quinazolines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ksenija Kisseljova
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine,
Faculty of Science, Palacký University, 17. Listopadu 12, 771 46 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Petra Smyslová
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine,
Faculty of Science, Palacký University, 17. Listopadu 12, 771 46 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Viktor Krchňák
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine,
Faculty of Science, Palacký University, 17. Listopadu 12, 771 46 Olomouc, Czech Republic
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, 251 Nieuwland
Science Center, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
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8
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Smyslová P, Kisseljova K, Krchňák V. Base-mediated intramolecular C- and N-arylation of N,N-disubstituted 2-nitrobenzenesulfonamides: advanced intermediates for the synthesis of diverse nitrogenous heterocycles. ACS COMBINATORIAL SCIENCE 2014; 16:500-5. [PMID: 25076047 DOI: 10.1021/co5000739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Structural and electronic features that facilitate and direct the intramolecular C- and N-arylation of 2-alkyl-2-{[N-(benzyl)-2-nitrophenyl]sulfonamido}acetic acid esters and amides were examined. The substitution pattern and amino acid carboxy-terminal functionality determined the arylation position. C/N-arylated products represent advanced intermediates for combinatorial synthesis of diverse nitrogenous heterocycles, including indazoles, quinazolinones, quinoxalinones, and 3-amino-2-oxindoles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra Smyslová
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine,
Faculty of Science, Palacký University, 17. Listopadu 12, 771 46 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Ksenija Kisseljova
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine,
Faculty of Science, Palacký University, 17. Listopadu 12, 771 46 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Viktor Krchňák
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine,
Faculty of Science, Palacký University, 17. Listopadu 12, 771 46 Olomouc, Czech Republic
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, 251 Nieuwland
Science Center, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
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9
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Treder AP, Tremblay MC, Yudin AK, Marsault E. Solid-Phase Synthesis of Piperazinones via Disrupted Ugi Condensation. Org Lett 2014; 16:4674-7. [DOI: 10.1021/ol5023118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Adam P. Treder
- Département
de Pharmacologie, Institut de Pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada J1H 5N4
| | - Marie-Claude Tremblay
- Département
de Pharmacologie, Institut de Pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada J1H 5N4
| | - Andrei K. Yudin
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Davenport Building, rm. 362, 80
St. George, Toronto, ON, Canada M5S 3H6
| | - Eric Marsault
- Département
de Pharmacologie, Institut de Pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada J1H 5N4
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10
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Kim DH, Hong NJ. Activity Profiles of Linear, Cyclic Monomer and Cyclic Dimer of Enkephalin. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2012. [DOI: 10.5012/bkcs.2012.33.1.261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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11
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Synthetic strategy for side chain mono-N-alkylation of Fmoc-amino acids promoted by molecular sieves. Amino Acids 2010; 41:981-90. [DOI: 10.1007/s00726-010-0798-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2010] [Accepted: 10/25/2010] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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12
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Hong NJ. Structure-Activity Relationships of 13- and 14-Membered Cyclic Partial Retro-Inverso Pentapeptides Related to Enkephalin. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2010. [DOI: 10.5012/bkcs.2010.31.04.874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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13
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrik Boas
- National Veterinary Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Bulowsvej 27, DK-1790 Copenhagen, Denmark
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14
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Galeazzi R, Martelli G, Marcucci E, Orena M, Rinaldi S, Lattanzi R, Negri L. Analogues of both Leu- and Met-enkephalin containing a constrained dipeptide isostere prepared from a Baylis-Hillman adduct. Amino Acids 2009; 38:1057-65. [DOI: 10.1007/s00726-009-0314-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2009] [Accepted: 06/08/2009] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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15
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Swamy KCK, Kumar NNB, Balaraman E, Kumar KVPP. Mitsunobu and Related Reactions: Advances and Applications. Chem Rev 2009; 109:2551-651. [PMID: 19382806 DOI: 10.1021/cr800278z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 852] [Impact Index Per Article: 56.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K. C. Kumara Swamy
- School of Chemistry, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad − 500046, A. P., India
| | - N. N. Bhuvan Kumar
- School of Chemistry, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad − 500046, A. P., India
| | - E. Balaraman
- School of Chemistry, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad − 500046, A. P., India
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16
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Demmer O, Dijkgraaf I, Schottelius M, Wester HJ, Kessler H. Introduction of functional groups into peptides via N-alkylation. Org Lett 2008; 10:2015-8. [PMID: 18407647 DOI: 10.1021/ol800654n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
An optimized protocol for the mild and selective Fukuyama-Mitsunobu reaction was used for mono- and di- N-alkylation on solid support. Thereby, nonfunctionalized aliphatic and aromatic residues are quickly introduced into transiently protected, primary amines of a linear peptide. N-Alkylation can also be used to implement alkyl chains carrying (protected) functionalities suited for subsequent modification. Applicability of this method is demonstrated by various N-alkylated analogues of a cyclic CXCR4 receptor antagonist originally developed by Fujii et. al.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Demmer
- Department Chemie, Lehrstuhl II für organische Chemie, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, D-85747 Garching, Germany
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17
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Leach SG, Cordier CJ, Morton D, McKiernan GJ, Warriner S, Nelson A. A fluorous-tagged linker from which small molecules are released by ring-closing metathesis. J Org Chem 2008; 73:2753-9. [PMID: 18327951 DOI: 10.1021/jo7026273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A fluorous-tagged linker for the parallel synthesis of small- and medium-ring and macrocyclic nitrogen heterocycles using ring-closing metathesis is described. The linker was designed such that "cyclization-release" of the cyclic heterocyclic products was coupled with liberation of the active catalyst. The design of the linker was validated using a non-fluorous-tagged model. A wide range of unsaturated alcohols were used as reagents to functionalize a fluorous-tagged sulfonamide, (Z)-{N-[4-(2-(N'-3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,9,9,10,10,10-heptadecafluorodecyl)-4-methylsulfonamido)methylallyloxy]but-2-enyl}-2-nitrobenzenesulfonamide, using Fukuyama-Mitsunobu reactions; in each case, fluorous-solid-phase extraction (F-SPE) was used to purify the functionalized linker from the excess reagents. In general, the "cyclization-release" of cyclic products was triggered using a light-fluorous tagged derivative of the Grubbs-Hoveyda second-generation catalyst. After the metathesis step, F-SPE was used to purify released cyclic compounds from the fluorous-tagged linker and the fluorous-tagged catalyst. The scope and limitations of the approach were determined using a range of substrates which probed different aspects of the functionalization and metathesis steps. In the study as a whole, a wide range of small- and medium-ring and macrocyclic nitrogen heterocycles were prepared using polyene and polyenyne metathesis cascades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stuart G Leach
- School of Chemistry and Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
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18
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A convergent synthesis of enantiopure bicyclic scaffolds through multicomponent Ugi reaction. Tetrahedron 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2007.10.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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19
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Ying J, Gu X, Cai M, Dedek M, Vagner J, Trivedi DB, Hruby VJ. Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of new cyclic melanotropin peptide analogues selective for the human melanocortin-4 receptor. J Med Chem 2007; 49:6888-96. [PMID: 17154518 PMCID: PMC1764620 DOI: 10.1021/jm060768f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Intensive efforts have been made to develop potent and selective ligands for certain human melanocortin receptors as possible treatments for obesity and sexual dysfunction due to the role of these receptors in feeding behavior, energy homeostasis, sexual function, etc. A number of novel alpha-MSH analogues were designed and synthesized primarily on the basis of our previous MTII NMR structure. In these peptide analogues, a disulfide or lactam bridge between residues at positions 5 and 8 was used as a conformational constraint to enhance the beta-turn spanning His6 and D-Phe7, while the pharmacophore group in Arg8 was mimicked via Nalpha-alkylation of residues 8 or 9 with the guanidinylbutyl group. Biological assays for binding affinities and adenylate cyclase activities for the hMC1R, hMC3R, hMC4R, and hMC5R showed that three analogues have good binding affinity for the hMC4R (0.7-4.1 nM), but have no binding affinity up to 10 microM at the other three melanocortin receptors. Interestingly, the three hMC4R selective analogues display only 50% binding efficiency, suggesting there is allosteric modulation of the melanocortin-4 receptor. These analogues were found to act as antagonists of the hMC4R. This result represents a discovery of very selective peptide-based antagonists for the hMC4R. The high selectivity may be due to the strong conformational constraint via ring contraction as compared to MTII, and the rigid conformation preferred by these new ligands allows them to recognize only the hMC4R, but not to activate the second messenger. The MTII NMR structure-based design thus not only examined the structural model of melanocortin ligands, but also yielded new biologically unique alpha-MSH analogues.
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MESH Headings
- Adenylyl Cyclases/metabolism
- Allosteric Regulation
- Binding, Competitive
- Cell Line
- Drug Design
- Humans
- Ligands
- Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
- Molecular Conformation
- Peptides, Cyclic/chemical synthesis
- Peptides, Cyclic/chemistry
- Peptides, Cyclic/pharmacology
- Protein Structure, Secondary
- Radioligand Assay
- Receptor, Melanocortin, Type 4/agonists
- Receptor, Melanocortin, Type 4/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptor, Melanocortin, Type 4/metabolism
- Structure-Activity Relationship
- alpha-MSH/analogs & derivatives
- alpha-MSH/chemical synthesis
- alpha-MSH/chemistry
- alpha-MSH/pharmacology
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinfa Ying
- Department of Chemistry, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USA
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20
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Dioury F, Sambou S, Guéné E, Sabatou M, Ferroud C, Guy A, Port M. Synthesis of a tricyclic tetraazatriacetic ligand for gadolinium(III) as potential contrast agent for MRI. Tetrahedron 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2006.10.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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21
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Du Y, Creighton CJ, Yan Z, Gauthier DA, Dahl JP, Zhao B, Belkowski SM, Reitz AB. The synthesis and evaluation of 10- and 12-membered ring benzofused enediyne amino acids. Bioorg Med Chem 2005; 13:5936-48. [PMID: 16140539 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2005.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2005] [Revised: 07/08/2005] [Accepted: 07/08/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The enediyne moiety is a versatile functional group found in natural anticancer and anti-infective agents, undergoing the Bergman cyclization reaction to afford a diradical which cleaves double-stranded DNA. We have incorporated the enediyne group into 10- (4-10) and 12-membered ring (11) cyclic amino acids and dipeptides, respectively, and explored their relative reactivity toward cyclization, varying N-substitution in the case of the 10-membered ring substrate, which gave the expected cyclization products in good yields when using either thermal conditions in the presence or absence of microwave irradiation. The N-tosyl substituted derivative (4) was shown to nick double-stranded supercoiled DNA. N-Arylsulfonyl substitution on the ring promoted the cyclization, when compared to N-mesyl or acyl substitution, possibly because of a pi-pi stacking effect as an endo-relationship of the aryl group with the enediyne was demonstrated in both the solid state and in solution. The 12-membered ring enediyne dipeptide (11) was inert to the Bergman cyclization under a variety of conditions. When this substrate was irradiated with ultraviolet light, regio- and stereospecific reduction was observed in which one of the alkynes was reduced to a Z-olefin (47).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanming Du
- Drug Discovery Division, Johnson, & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research and Development, Spring House, PA 19477, USA
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22
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Dioury F, Guéné E, Scala-Roulleau AD, Ferroud C, Guy A, Port M. Synthesis of a new tricyclic tetraazatriacetic acid as ligand for gadolinium(III). Tetrahedron Lett 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2004.11.133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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23
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Díaz-Gavilán M, Rodríguez-Serrano F, Gómez-Vidal JA, Marchal JA, Aránega A, Gallo MÁ, Espinosa A, Campos JM. Synthesis of tetrahydrobenzoxazepine acetals with electron-withdrawing groups on the nitrogen atom. Novel scaffolds endowed with anticancer activity against breast cancer cells. Tetrahedron 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2004.09.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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24
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Dembinski R. Recent Advances in the Mitsunobu Reaction: Modified Reagents and the Quest for Chromatography‐Free Separation. European J Org Chem 2004. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200400003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Roman Dembinski
- Department of Chemistry, Oakland University, 2200 N. Squirrel Rd., Rochester, Michigan 48309‐4477, USA
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25
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Xiong C, Zhang J, Davis P, Wang W, Ying J, Porreca F, Hruby VJ. Stereoselective synthesis of individual isomers of Leu-enkephalin analogues containing substituted beta-turn bicyclic dipeptide mimetics. Chem Commun (Camb) 2003:1598-9. [PMID: 12868772 DOI: 10.1039/b302235h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Novel constrained beta-turn dipeptide mimetics, 8-phenyl thiaindolizidinone amino acids 3, have been synthesized stereoselectively and incorporated into Leu-enkephalin peptides as a replacement of dipeptide Gly3-Phe4 to afford four individual isomers of Leu-enkephalin analogues 6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiyi Xiong
- Department of Chemistry, University of Arizona, 1306 E. University Blvd., Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
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26
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