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Sinha SK, Ghosh P, Jain S, Maiti S, Al-Thabati SA, Alshehri AA, Mokhtar M, Maiti D. Transition-metal catalyzed C-H activation as a means of synthesizing complex natural products. Chem Soc Rev 2023; 52:7461-7503. [PMID: 37811747 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00282a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Over the past few decades, the advent of C-H activation has led to a rethink among chemists about the synthetic strategies employed for multi-step transformations. Indeed, deploying innovative and masterful tricks against the numerous classical organic transformations has been the need of the hour. Despite this, the immense importance of C-H activation remains unfulfilled unless the methodology can be deployed for large-scale industrial processes and towards the concise, step-economic synthesis of prodigious natural products and pharmaceutical drugs. Lately, the growing potential of C-H activation methodology has indeed driven the pioneers of synthetic organic chemists into finding more efficient methods to accelerate the synthesis of such complex molecular scaffolds. This review aims to draw a general overview of the various C-H activation procedures that have been adopted for synthesizing these vast majority of structurally complicated natural products. Our objective lies in drawing a complete picture and taking the readers through the synthesis of a series of such complex organic compounds by simplified techniques, making it step-economic on a larger scale and thus instigating the readers to trigger the use of such methodology and uncover new, unique patterns for future synthesis of such natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumya Kumar Sinha
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai-400076, India.
| | - Pintu Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai-400076, India.
| | - Shubhanshu Jain
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai-400076, India.
| | - Siddhartha Maiti
- School of Biosciences, Engineering and Technology, VIT Bhopal University, Kothrikalan, Sehore, Madhya Pradesh - 466114, India
| | - Shaeel A Al-Thabati
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulmohsen Ali Alshehri
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Mokhtar
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Debabrata Maiti
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai-400076, India.
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2
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Nazari Formagio AS, Vilegas W, Ferreira Volobuff CR, Leite Kassuya CA, Paes de Almeida V, Manfron J, Pereira ZV, Pereira Cabral MR, Sarragiotto MH. Palicourea tomentosa (Aubl.) Borhidi: Microscopy, chemical composition and the analgesic, anti-inflammatory and anti-acetylcholinesterase potential. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 291:115050. [PMID: 35150816 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Palicourea tomentosa (Aubl.) Borhidi (synonym Psychotria poeppigiana Müll. Arg.) leaves are used in the popular treatments of inflammation and pain; however, there are no scientific studies demonstrating their activity as the methanolic extract of P. tomentosa. AIM OF STUDY This study was undertaken to investigate the potential antioxidant, anti-acetylcholinesterase, anti-hyperalgesic, anti-nociceptive and anti-inflammatory properties, as well as the chemical composition and concentrations of constituents of the methanolic extract of P. tomentosa leaves (MEPT). The study also analyzes the micromorphology and histochemistry of leaves of P. tomentosa. MATERIALS AND METHODS The MEPT was analysed by ultra-high-pressure liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-HRMS/MS). The concentrations of total phenols, flavonoids, flavonols and condensed tannin were determined. The micromorphology and histochemistry of leaves were performed using standard reagents, light and field emission scanning electron microscopy, beyond energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The antioxidant activity was evaluated for DPPH, β-carotene and MDA. The anti-inflammatory activity of MEPT (30, 100, and 300 mg/kg) was assayed in carrageenan-induced models of paw oedema, mechanical hyperalgesia (Von Frey), cold allodynia (acetone) and pleurisy in mice. The anti-nociceptive potential of MEPT (30, 100, and 300 mg/kg) was evaluated by the formalin method in mice. The anti-acetylcholinesterase properties were evaluated in vivo in four rat brain structures. RESULTS The total ion chromatogram of MEPT demonstrated two alkaloids, one coumarin, one iridoid and two terpene derivatives. The highest phenol, flavonoid, flavonol and condensed tannin concentrations were found in the extract. A comprehensive explanation of the leaf micromorphology and histochemistry was presented. MEPT was significantly inhibited by the DPPH, β-carotene and MDA models. MEPT (30, 100 and 300 mg/kg) reduced the inflammation and hyperalgesic parameters in a carrageenan model and reduced formalin-induced nociception in both phases, which were cold sensitivity and oedema formation. The oral administration of 30 and 100 mg/kg MEPT significantly inhibited AChE activity in the frontal cortex. CONCLUSION This is the first chemical and biological study performed with a P. tomentosa methanolic extract and anatomical and histochemical analysis. The present study showed that MEPT inhibited pain and inflammatory parameters contributing, at least in part, to explain the popular use of this plant as analgesic natural agent. Also, anatomical and histochemistry of leaves described in the present study provide microscopical information, which aids species identification.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Wagner Vilegas
- Institute of Biosciences, UNESP - São Paulo State University, São Vicente, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | - Valter Paes de Almeida
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University of Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa, PR, Brazil
| | - Jane Manfron
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University of Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa, PR, Brazil
| | - Zefa Valdevina Pereira
- Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados - UFGD, Dourados, MS, Brazil
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3
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Scott TZ, Armelin VF, Movassaghi M. Total Synthesis and Stereochemical Assignment of (-)-Psychotridine. Org Lett 2022; 24:2160-2164. [PMID: 35297255 PMCID: PMC9204752 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c00448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We report the first enantioselective total synthesis and stereochemical assignment of (-)-psychotridine. The application of our diazene-directed assembly of enantiomerically enriched cyclotryptamines afforded a highly convergent synthesis of the pentameric alkaloid, allowing its detailed structural assignment. Highlights of the synthesis include the introduction of four quaternary stereocenters with complete stereochemical control in a single step via the photoextrusion of three molecules of dinitrogen from an advanced intermediate and metal-catalyzed C-H amination reactions in challenging settings.
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4
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Wei H, Chen G, Zou H, Zhou Z, Lei P, Yan J, Xie W. The catalytic asymmetric dearomatization of tryptamine for accessing meso-contiguous quaternary carbon centers of oligomeric cyclotryptamine alkaloids: a formal synthesis of hodgkinsine B. Org Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qo00393c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we disclosed a catalytic asymmetric dearomatization (CADA) of tryptamine via tandem [4 + 2] cycloaddition/cyclization with o-azaxylylene in situ generated from functionalized 3-bromooxindole promoted by chiral N,N′-dioxide/Ni(BF4)2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongbo Wei
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology
- College of Chemistry & Pharmacy
- Northwest A&F University
- Yangling 712100
- China
| | - Guzhou Chen
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology
- College of Chemistry & Pharmacy
- Northwest A&F University
- Yangling 712100
- China
| | - Huanhuan Zou
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology
- College of Chemistry & Pharmacy
- Northwest A&F University
- Yangling 712100
- China
| | - Zhiqiang Zhou
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology
- College of Chemistry & Pharmacy
- Northwest A&F University
- Yangling 712100
- China
| | - Pan Lei
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology
- College of Chemistry & Pharmacy
- Northwest A&F University
- Yangling 712100
- China
| | - Jiahang Yan
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology
- College of Chemistry & Pharmacy
- Northwest A&F University
- Yangling 712100
- China
| | - Weiqing Xie
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology
- College of Chemistry & Pharmacy
- Northwest A&F University
- Yangling 712100
- China
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5
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Ahire MM, Pol MD, Kavale DS, Gonnade RG, Mhaske SB. Stereoselective construction of deoxy-cruciferane alkaloids by NHC-catalyzed intramolecular annulation of homoenolate with quinazolinone. Org Biomol Chem 2019; 17:7135-7139. [DOI: 10.1039/c9ob01243e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Novel NHC-catalyzed intramolecular stereoselective [3 + 2] cycloaddition of enal with quinazolinone is developed to construct a pyrroloindoloquinazolinone scaffold of deoxy-cruciferane alkaloids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milind M. Ahire
- Division of Organic Chemistry
- CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory
- Pune 411008
- India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR)
| | - Mahesh D. Pol
- Division of Organic Chemistry
- CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory
- Pune 411008
- India
| | - Dattatry S. Kavale
- Division of Organic Chemistry
- CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory
- Pune 411008
- India
| | - Rajesh G. Gonnade
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR)
- Ghaziabad 201002
- India
- Physical and Materials Chemistry Division
- CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory
| | - Santosh B. Mhaske
- Division of Organic Chemistry
- CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory
- Pune 411008
- India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR)
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6
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Lindovska P, Movassaghi M. Concise Synthesis of (-)-Hodgkinsine, (-)-Calycosidine, (-)-Hodgkinsine B, (-)-Quadrigemine C, and (-)-Psycholeine via Convergent and Directed Modular Assembly of Cyclotryptamines. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:17590-17596. [PMID: 29058431 PMCID: PMC5733798 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b09929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The enantioselective total synthesis of (-)-hodgkinsine, (-)-calycosidine, (-)-hodgkinsine B, (-)-quadrigemine C, and (-)-psycholeine through a diazene-directed assembly of cyclotryptamine fragments is described. Our synthetic strategy enables multiple and directed assembly of intact cyclotryptamine subunits for convergent synthesis of highly complex bis- and tris-diazene intermediates. Photoextrusion of dinitrogen from these intermediates enables completely stereoselective formation of all C3a-C3a' and C3a-C7' carbon-carbon bonds and all the associated quaternary stereogenic centers. In a representative example, photoextrusion of three dinitrogen molecules from an advanced intermediate in a single-step led to completely controlled introduction of four quaternary stereogenic centers and guided the assembly of four cyclotryptamine monomers en route to (-)-quadrigemine C. The synthesis of these complex diazenes was made possible through a new methodology for synthesis of aryl-alkyl diazenes using electronically attenuated hydrazine-nucleophiles for a silver-promoted addition to C3a-bromocyclotryptamines. The application of Rh- and Ir-catalyzed C-H amination reactions in complex settings were used to gain rapid access to C3a- and C7-functionalized cyclotryptamine monomers, respectively, used for diazene synthesis. This convergent and modular assembly of intact cyclotryptamines offers the first solution to access these alkaloids through completely stereoselective union of monomers at challenging linkages and the associated quaternary stereocenters as illustrated in our synthesis of five members of the oligocyclotryptamine family of alkaloids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra Lindovska
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Mohammad Movassaghi
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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7
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Jamison CR, Badillo JJ, Lipshultz JM, Comito RJ, MacMillan DWC. Catalyst-controlled oligomerization for the collective synthesis of polypyrroloindoline natural products. Nat Chem 2017; 9:1165-1169. [PMID: 29168485 PMCID: PMC9815142 DOI: 10.1038/nchem.2825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2017] [Accepted: 06/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
In nature, many organisms generate large families of natural product metabolites that have related molecular structures as a means to increase functional diversity and gain an evolutionary advantage against competing systems within the same environment. One pathway commonly employed by living systems to generate these large classes of structurally related families is oligomerization, wherein a series of enzymatically catalysed reactions is employed to generate secondary metabolites by iteratively appending monomers to a growing serial oligomer chain. The polypyrroloindolines are an interesting class of oligomeric natural products that consist of multiple cyclotryptamine subunits. Herein we describe an iterative application of asymmetric copper catalysis towards the synthesis of six distinct oligomeric polypyrroloindoline natural products: hodgkinsine, hodgkinsine B, idiospermuline, quadrigemine H and isopsychotridine B and C. Given the customizable nature of the small-molecule catalysts employed, we demonstrate that this strategy is further amenable to the construction of quadrigemine H-type alkaloids not isolated previously from natural sources.
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8
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Shen X, Zhou Y, Xi Y, Zhao J, Zhang H. Total Synthesis of Dimeric HPI Alkaloids. NATURAL PRODUCTS AND BIOPROSPECTING 2016; 6:117-39. [PMID: 26969313 PMCID: PMC4805652 DOI: 10.1007/s13659-016-0092-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2016] [Accepted: 02/19/2016] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we report a full account of the synthesis of dimeric hexahydropyrroloindole alkaloids and its analogues. The key feature of our new strategy is the novel catalytic copper (10 %) mediated intramolecular arylations of o-haloanilides followed by intermolecular oxidative dimerization of the resulting oxindoles in one pot. This sequential reaction leads to the key intermediates for the synthesis of (+)-chimonanthine, (+)-folicanthine, (-)-calycanthine and (-)-ditryptophenaline. In the presence of catalytic amount of cuprous iodide (10 %), an intramolecular arylation of o-haloanilides followed by an intermolecular oxidative dimerization of the resulting oxindoles leads to a common intermediate for the synthesis of (+)-chimonanthine, (+)-folicanthine and (-)-calycanthine. Based on this cascade sequence, we also developed a flexible strategy towards the asymmetric syntheses of dimeric HPI alkaloids (-)-ditryptophenaline and its analogues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianfu Shen
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource (Yunnan University), Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongyun Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource (Yunnan University), Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongkai Xi
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource (Yunnan University), Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingfeng Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource (Yunnan University), Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongbin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource (Yunnan University), Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, People's Republic of China.
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9
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Ghosh A, Walker JA, Ellern A, Stanley LM. Coupling Catalytic Alkene Hydroacylation and α-Arylation: Enantioselective Synthesis of Heterocyclic Ketones with α-Chiral Quaternary Stereocenters. ACS Catal 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.6b00365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Avipsa Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
| | - James A. Walker
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
| | - Arkady Ellern
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
| | - Levi M. Stanley
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
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10
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Canham SM, Hafensteiner BD, Lebsack AD, May-Dracka TL, Nam S, Stearns BA, Overman LE. Stereocontrolled enantioselective total synthesis of the [2+2] quadrigemine alkaloids. Tetrahedron 2015; 71:6424-6436. [PMID: 26257440 PMCID: PMC4526107 DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2015.02.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
A unified strategy for enantioselective total synthesis of all stereoisomers of the 2+2 family of quadrigemine alkaloids is reported. In this approach, two enantioselective intramolecular Heck reactions are carried out at the same time on precursors fashioned in four steps from either meso- or (+)-chimonanthine to form the two critical quaternary carbons of the peripheral cyclotryptamine rings of these products. Useful levels of catalyst control are realized in either desymmetrizing a meso precursor or controlling diastereoselectivity in elaborating C2-symmetic intermediates. None of the synthetic quadrigemines are identical with alkaloids isolated previously and referred to as quadrigemines A and E. In addition, we report improvements in our previous total syntheses of (+)- or (-)-quadrigemine C that shortened the synthetic sequence to 10 steps and provided these products in 2.2% overall yield from tryptamine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen M. Canham
- Department of Chemistry, 1102 Natural Sciences II, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-2025
| | - Benjamin D. Hafensteiner
- Department of Chemistry, 1102 Natural Sciences II, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-2025
- City Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Beckman Research Institute, Department of Molecular Medicine, 1500 E. Duarte Road, Duarte, California 91010
| | - Alec D. Lebsack
- Department of Chemistry, 1102 Natural Sciences II, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-2025
| | - Tricia L. May-Dracka
- Department of Chemistry, 1102 Natural Sciences II, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-2025
| | - Sangkil Nam
- City Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Beckman Research Institute, Department of Molecular Medicine, 1500 E. Duarte Road, Duarte, California 91010
| | - Brian A. Stearns
- Department of Chemistry, 1102 Natural Sciences II, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-2025
| | - Larry E. Overman
- Department of Chemistry, 1102 Natural Sciences II, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-2025
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11
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Abstract
The first total synthesis of (+)-luteoalbusins A and B is described. Highly regio- and diastereoselective chemical transformations in our syntheses include a Friedel-Crafts C3-indole addition to a cyclotryptophan-derived diketopiperazine, a late-stage diketopiperazine dihydroxylation, and a C11-sulfidation sequence, in addition to congener-specific polysulfane synthesis and cyclization to the corresponding epipolythiodiketopiperazine. We also report the cytoxicity of both alkaloids, and closely related derivatives, against A549, HeLa, HCT116, and MCF7 human cancer cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy C. Adams
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Joshua N. Payette
- The Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 500 Main Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Jaime H. Cheah
- The Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 500 Main Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Mohammad Movassaghi
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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12
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Shen X, Zhou Y, Xi Y, Zhao J, Zhang H. Copper catalyzed sequential arylation−oxidative dimerization of o-haloanilides: synthesis of dimeric HPI alkaloids. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:14873-6. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cc05378a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
A copper catalyzed sequential arylation−oxidative dimerization reaction was developed as the key step for the synthesis of hexahydropyrroloindole alkaloids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianfu Shen
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource (Yunnan University)
- Ministry of Education
- School of Chemical Science and Technology
- Yunnan University
- Kunming, 650091
| | - Yongyun Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource (Yunnan University)
- Ministry of Education
- School of Chemical Science and Technology
- Yunnan University
- Kunming, 650091
| | - Yongkai Xi
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource (Yunnan University)
- Ministry of Education
- School of Chemical Science and Technology
- Yunnan University
- Kunming, 650091
| | - Jingfeng Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource (Yunnan University)
- Ministry of Education
- School of Chemical Science and Technology
- Yunnan University
- Kunming, 650091
| | - Hongbin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource (Yunnan University)
- Ministry of Education
- School of Chemical Science and Technology
- Yunnan University
- Kunming, 650091
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13
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Yang W, Huang L, Yu Y, Pflästerer D, Rominger F, Hashmi ASK. Highly diastereoselective and regioselective copper-catalyzed nitrosoformate dearomatization reaction under aerobic-oxidation conditions. Chemistry 2014; 20:3927-31. [PMID: 24590772 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201400321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
An unprecedented copper-catalyzed acylnitroso dearomatization reaction, which expands the traditional acylnitroso ene reaction and acylnitroso Diels-Alder reaction to a new type of transformation, has been developed under aerobic oxidation. Intermolecular and intra-/intermolecular reaction modes demonstrate an entirely different N- or O-acylnitroso selectivity. Hence, we can utilize this reaction as a highly diastereoselective access to a series of new pyrroloindoline derivatives, which are important structural motifs for natural-product synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weibo Yang
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg (Germany), Fax: (+49) 6221-54-4205
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14
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Lathrop SP, Movassaghi M. Application of diazene-directed fragment assembly to the total synthesis and stereochemical assignment of (+)-desmethyl- meso-chimonanthine and related heterodimeric alkaloids. Chem Sci 2014; 5:10.1039/C3SC52451E. [PMID: 24409339 PMCID: PMC3881597 DOI: 10.1039/c3sc52451e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We describe the first application of our methodology for heterodimerization via diazene fragmentation towards the total synthesis of (-)-calycanthidine, meso-chimonanthine, and (+)-desmethyl-meso-chimonanthine. Our syntheses of these alkaloids feature an improved route to C3a-aminocyclotryptamines, an enhanced method for sulfamide synthesis and oxidation, in addition to a late-stage diversification leading to the first enantioselective total synthesis of (+)-desmethyl-meso-chimonanthine and its unambiguous stereochemical assignment. This versatile strategy for directed assembly of heterodimeric cyclotryptamine alkaloids has broad implications for the controlled synthesis of higher order derivatives with related substructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen P. Lathrop
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Chemistry, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Mohammad Movassaghi
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Chemistry, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
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15
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Cai ZJ, Wang SY, Ji SJ. I2/TBHP-Catalyzed Chemoselective Amination of Indoles. Org Lett 2013; 15:5226-9. [DOI: 10.1021/ol4023936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhong-Jian Cai
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Shun-Yi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Shun-Jun Ji
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
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16
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Coste A, Kim J, Adams TC, Movassaghi M. Concise Total Synthesis of (+)-Bionectins A and C. Chem Sci 2013; 4:3191-3197. [PMID: 23878720 PMCID: PMC3713796 DOI: 10.1039/c3sc51150b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The concise and efficient total synthesis of (+)-bionectins A and C is described. Our approach to these natural products features a new and scalable method for erythro-β-hydroxytryptophan amino acid synthesis, an intramolecular Friedel-Crafts reaction of a silyl-tethered indole, and a new mercaptan reagent for epipolythiodiketopiperazine (ETP) synthesis that can be unravelled under very mild conditions. In evaluating the impact of C12-hydroxylation, we have identified a unique need for an intramolecular variant of our Friedel-Crafts indolylation chemistry. Several key discoveries including the first example of permanganate-mediated stereoinvertive hydroxylation of the α-stereocenters of diketopiperazines as well as the first example of a direct triketopiperazine synthesis from a parent cyclo-dipeptide are discussed. Finally, the synthesis of (+)-bionectin A and its unambiguous structural assignment through X-ray analysis provides motivation for the reevaluation of its original characterization data and assignment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexis Coste
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Chemistry, 77 Massachusetts Avenue 18-292, Cambridge, MA 02139-4307, USA.
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Kieffer ME, Chuang KV, Reisman SE. Copper-catalyzed diastereoselective arylation of tryptophan derivatives: total synthesis of (+)-naseseazines A and B. J Am Chem Soc 2013; 135:5557-60. [PMID: 23540731 DOI: 10.1021/ja4023557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A copper-catalyzed arylation of tryptophan derivatives is reported. The reaction proceeds with high site- and diastereoselectivity to provide aryl pyrroloindoline products in one step from simple starting materials. The utility of this transformation is highlighted in the five-step syntheses of the natural products (+)-naseseazine A and B.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madeleine E Kieffer
- The Warren and Katharine Schlinger Laboratory for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
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Snell RH, Durbin MJ, Woodward RL, Willis MC. Catalytic Enantioselective Desymmetrisation as a Tool for the Synthesis of Hodgkinsine and Hodgkinsine B. Chemistry 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201203150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Abstract
The first total synthesis of (+)-gliocladin B is described. Our concise and enantioselective synthesis takes advantage of a new regioselective Friedel-Crafts-based strategy to provide an efficient multigram-scale access to the C3-(3'-indolyl)hexahydropyrroloindole substructure, a molecular foundation present in a significant subset of epipolythiodiketopiperazine natural alkaloids. Our first-generation solution to (+)-gliocladin B involved the stereoselective formation of (+)-12-deoxybionectin A, a plausible biosynthetic precursor. Our synthesis clarified the C15 stereochemistry of (+)-gliocladin B and allowed its full structure confirmation. Further studies of a versatile dihydroxylated diketopiperazine provided a concise and efficient synthesis of (+)-gliocladin B as well as access to (+)-gliocladin C.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mohammad Movassaghi
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Chemistry, 77 Massachusetts Avenue 18-292, Cambridge, MA 02139-4307, USA
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Li YX, Wang HX, Ali S, Xia XF, Liang YM. Iodine-mediated regioselective C2-amination of indoles and a concise total synthesis of (±)-folicanthine. Chem Commun (Camb) 2012; 48:2343-5. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cc16637b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Kim J, Movassaghi M. Concise total synthesis and stereochemical revision of (+)-naseseazines A and B: regioselective arylative dimerization of diketopiperazine alkaloids. J Am Chem Soc 2011; 133:14940-3. [PMID: 21875056 PMCID: PMC3369503 DOI: 10.1021/ja206743v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Concise and enantioselective total syntheses of (+)-naseseazines A and B are described. Our regioselective and directed dimerization of diketopiperazines provides their critical C3-C(sp(2)) linkages, an assembly with plausible biogenetic relevance. We revise the absolute stereochemistry of (+)-naseseazines A and B.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin Kim
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Chemistry, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139
| | - Mohammad Movassaghi
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Chemistry, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139
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Snell RH, Woodward RL, Willis MC. Catalytic enantioselective total synthesis of hodgkinsine B. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011; 50:9116-9. [PMID: 21919143 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201103864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2011] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Robert H Snell
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK
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Snell RH, Woodward RL, Willis MC. Catalytic Enantioselective Total Synthesis of Hodgkinsine B. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201103864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Takahashi N, Ito T, Matsuda Y, Kogure N, Kitajima M, Takayama H. Determination of absolute configuration of trimeric indole alkaloid, psychotrimine, by first asymmetric total synthesis. Chem Commun (Camb) 2010; 46:2501-3. [PMID: 20309475 DOI: 10.1039/b923918a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The first asymmetric total synthesis of psychotrimine, a trimeric indole alkaloid, was accomplished via an asymmetric Ireland-Claisen rearrangement to construct a chiral quaternary carbon center, thereby establishing the absolute configuration of psychotrimine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuaki Takahashi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
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Kawasaki T, Shinada M, Aihara Y, Takiguchi S, Ban N, Higuchi K. Reductive Cyclization of 3-Cyanomethyloxindoles to Hexahydro-2-oxopyrrolo[2,3-b]indoles with Lithium Aluminum Hydride. HETEROCYCLES 2010. [DOI: 10.3987/com-10-s(e)35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Porto DD, Henriques AT, Fett-Neto AG. Bioactive Alkaloids from South American Psychotria and Related Species. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.2174/1874847300902010029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Many important molecules have been discovered from tropical and sub-tropical plant biodiversity. However, the largest part of the chemical profile of such biodiversity remains unknown. Combining ethnopharmacological and chemotaxonomical investigation can be a good strategy in bioactive compound discovery. South American Psychotria species studied by this approach proved to be a rich source of new bioactive alkaloids, some of which bear unique chemical skeletons.
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Abstract
Background: Traditional and current opioid pharmacology is fundamentally based on interactions between opioid receptors and compounds isolated from natural sources. Adverse effects associated with opioids have led to the search for compounds with diminished side effects. Discussion: Recent discoveries of non-nitrogenous and structurally diverse alkaloids as novel opioid ligands have led to renewed interest in the development of novel chemotypes for opioid receptors. Conclusion: The strong history of natural products as opioid receptor ligands suggests that nature is one of the most promising for the identification of novel opioids. This review highlights the vast potential of investigating natural products as novel probes of opioid receptors.
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Matsuda Y, Kitajima M, Takayama H. First Total Synthesis of Trimeric Indole Alkaloid, Psychotrimine. Org Lett 2007; 10:125-8. [DOI: 10.1021/ol702637r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yohei Matsuda
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Mariko Kitajima
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Hiromitsu Takayama
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
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