1
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Spieß P, Brześkiewicz J, Meyrelles R, Just D, Maulide N. Deprotective Functionalization: A Direct Conversion of Nms-Amides to Carboxamides Using Carboxylic Acids. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202318304. [PMID: 38501885 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202318304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
The nature of protecting group chemistry necessitates a deprotection step to restore the initially blocked functionality prior to further transformation. As this aspect of protecting group manipulation inevitably adds to the step count of any synthetic sequence, the development of methods enabling simultaneous deprotection and functionalization ("deprotective functionalization"-distinct from "deprotection followed by functionalization") is appealing, as it has the potential to improve efficiency and streamline synthetic routes. Herein, we report a deprotective functionalization of the newly introduced Nms-amides guided by density functional theory (DFT) analysis, which exploits the inherent Nms reactivity. Mechanistic studies further substantiate and help rationalize the exquisite reactivity of Nms-amides, as other commonly used protecting groups are shown not to exhibit the same reactivity patterns. The practicality of this approach was ultimately demonstrated in selected case studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Spieß
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währingerstraße 38, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Jakub Brześkiewicz
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währingerstraße 38, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ricardo Meyrelles
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währingerstraße 38, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - David Just
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währingerstraße 38, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Nuno Maulide
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währingerstraße 38, 1090, Vienna, Austria
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2
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Galkin KI, Ananikov VP. Intermolecular Diels-Alder Cycloadditions of Furfural-Based Chemicals from Renewable Resources: A Focus on the Regio- and Diastereoselectivity in the Reaction with Alkenes. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:11856. [PMID: 34769287 PMCID: PMC8584476 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
A recent strong trend toward green and sustainable chemistry has promoted the intensive use of renewable carbon sources for the production of polymers, biofuels, chemicals, monomers and other valuable products. The Diels-Alder reaction is of great importance in the chemistry of renewable resources and provides an atom-economic pathway for fine chemical synthesis and for the production of materials. The biobased furans furfural and 5-(hydroxymethyl)furfural, which can be easily obtained from the carbohydrate part of plant biomass, were recognized as "platform chemicals" that will help to replace the existing oil-based refining to biorefining. Diels-Alder cycloaddition of furanic dienes with various dienophiles represents the ideal example of a "green" process characterized by a 100% atom economy and a reasonable E-factor. In this review, we first summarize the literature data on the regio- and diastereoselectivity of intermolecular Diels-Alder reactions of furfural derivatives with alkenes with the aim of establishing the current progress in the efficient production of practically important low-molecular-weight products. The information provided here will be useful and relevant to scientists in many fields, including medical and pharmaceutical research, polymer development and materials science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantin I. Galkin
- Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospekt 47, 119991 Moscow, Russia;
- Laboratory of Functional Composite Materials, Bauman Moscow State Technical University, 2nd Baumanskaya Street 5/1, 105005 Moscow, Russia
| | - Valentine P. Ananikov
- Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospekt 47, 119991 Moscow, Russia;
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3
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Ali MA, Nath A, Jannat M, Islam MM. Direct Synthesis of Diamides from Dicarboxylic Acids with Amines Using Nb 2O 5 as a Lewis Acid Catalyst and Molecular Docking Studies as Anticancer Agents. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:25002-25009. [PMID: 34604680 PMCID: PMC8482773 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c04069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Several Lewis and Bronsted acid catalysts were tested for the synthesis of some targeted diamides with anticancer activity from dicarboxylic acids and amines under the same reaction condition. Among those catalysts, Nb2O5 showed the highest catalytic activity to the corresponding diamides. Nb2O5 shows water- and base-tolerant properties for which it gives the highest yield of the synthesized products. Here, we present a novel and sustainable method for the direct synthesis of diamides with anticancer activity using a reusable heterogeneous catalyst Nb2O5. A molecular docking study was performed for all of the synthesized compounds with various therapeutical targets of cancer and found that the human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER2) has shown a significant dock score for our synthesized products. After obtaining the best pose from molecular docking, the complex is used for molecular dynamics study by running simulations for 10 ns. The root-mean-square deviations (RMSDs) of α carbon atoms of all systems are analyzed to detect their stability. This method is effective for the direct synthesis of diamides as anticancer agents from dicarboxylic acids and amines using Nb2O5 as a base-tolerant heterogeneous catalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Ayub Ali
- Catalysis
and Organic Synthesis Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Ashutosh Nath
- Computational
Research for Material Science and Drug Discovery Laboratory, Department
of Chemistry, Bangladesh University of Engineering
and Technology, Dhaka1000, Bangladesh
| | - Meshkatun Jannat
- Catalysis
and Organic Synthesis Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Midul Islam
- Catalysis
and Organic Synthesis Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
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4
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Schöwe MJ, Keiper O, Unverzagt C, Wittmann V. A Tripeptide Approach to the Solid-Phase Synthesis of Peptide Thioacids and N-Glycopeptides. Chemistry 2019; 25:15759-15764. [PMID: 31628819 PMCID: PMC6916195 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201904688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A general and robust method for the incorporation of aspartates with a thioacid side chain into peptides has been developed. Pseudoproline tripeptides served as building blocks for the efficient fluorenylmethyloxycarbonyl (Fmoc) solid‐phase synthesis of thioacid‐containing peptides. These peptides were readily converted to complex N‐glycopeptides by using a fast and chemoselective one‐pot deprotection/ligation procedure. Furthermore, a novel side reaction that can lead to site‐selective peptide cleavage using thioacids (CUT) was discovered and studied in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Odin Keiper
- Department of Chemistry, University of Konstanz, 78457, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Carlo Unverzagt
- Bioorganic Chemistry, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, 95447, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Valentin Wittmann
- Department of Chemistry, University of Konstanz, 78457, Konstanz, Germany
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5
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Wang X, Wang P, Li D, Li M. 2,4-Dinitrobenzenesulfonamide-Directed S N2-Type Displacement Reaction Enables Synthesis of β-d-Glycosaminosides. Org Lett 2019; 21:2402-2407. [PMID: 30900906 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b00688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
An efficient protocol to construct β-d-gluco-/galactosaminosyl linkages was established using nonparticipating and strong electron-withdrawing C-2-2,4-dinitrobenzenesulfonamide (DNsNH)-directed SN2-like glycosylation of glycosyl ortho-hexynylbenzoates. The reaction is applicable to a wide range of O-, N-, and C-nucleophiles and features convenient conversion of DNsNH into AcNH in high yield under mild conditions. Oligomerization-ready trisaccharide, composed of β-d-(1→3)-glucosamino residues, has been achieved, setting a solid foundation for the synthesis of oligosaccharides associated with Neisseria meningitidis capsular polysaccharide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianyang Wang
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy , Ocean University of China , Key Laboratory of Marine Medicine, Chinese Ministry of Education, Qingdao 266003 China.,Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts , Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology , Qingdao 266237 China
| | - Peng Wang
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy , Ocean University of China , Key Laboratory of Marine Medicine, Chinese Ministry of Education, Qingdao 266003 China.,Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts , Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology , Qingdao 266237 China
| | - Dongwei Li
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy , Ocean University of China , Key Laboratory of Marine Medicine, Chinese Ministry of Education, Qingdao 266003 China.,Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts , Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology , Qingdao 266237 China
| | - Ming Li
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy , Ocean University of China , Key Laboratory of Marine Medicine, Chinese Ministry of Education, Qingdao 266003 China.,Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts , Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology , Qingdao 266237 China
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6
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N. N, Thimmalapura VM, Hosamani B, Prabhu G, Kumar LR, Sureshbabu VV. Thioacids – synthons for amide bond formation and ligation reactions: assembly of peptides and peptidomimetics. Org Biomol Chem 2018; 16:3524-3552. [DOI: 10.1039/c8ob00512e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of α-amino thioacids and peptide thioacids and their applications in chemoselective amide bond formation, ligation of peptides/proteins/glycopeptides and synthesis of peptidomimetics are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narendra N.
- Department of Chemistry
- University College of Science
- Tumkur University
- Tumkur 572 103
- India
| | - Vishwanatha M. Thimmalapura
- Room No. 109
- Peptide Research Laboratory
- Department of Studies in Chemistry
- Central College Campus
- Dr B. R. Ambedkar Veedhi
| | - Basavaprabhu Hosamani
- Room No. 109
- Peptide Research Laboratory
- Department of Studies in Chemistry
- Central College Campus
- Dr B. R. Ambedkar Veedhi
| | - Girish Prabhu
- Room No. 109
- Peptide Research Laboratory
- Department of Studies in Chemistry
- Central College Campus
- Dr B. R. Ambedkar Veedhi
| | - L. Roopesh Kumar
- Room No. 109
- Peptide Research Laboratory
- Department of Studies in Chemistry
- Central College Campus
- Dr B. R. Ambedkar Veedhi
| | - Vommina V. Sureshbabu
- Room No. 109
- Peptide Research Laboratory
- Department of Studies in Chemistry
- Central College Campus
- Dr B. R. Ambedkar Veedhi
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7
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Yang W, Yoshida K, Yang B, Huang X. Obstacles and solutions for chemical synthesis of syndecan-3 (53-62) glycopeptides with two heparan sulfate chains. Carbohydr Res 2016; 435:180-194. [PMID: 27810711 PMCID: PMC5110403 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2016.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2016] [Revised: 10/18/2016] [Accepted: 10/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Proteoglycans play critical roles in many biological events. Due to their structural complexities, strategies towards synthesis of this class of glycopeptides bearing well-defined glycan chains are urgently needed. In this work, we give the full account of the synthesis of syndecan-3 glycopeptide (53-62) containing two different heparan sulfate chains. For assembly of glycans, a convergent 3+2+3 approach was developed producing two different octasaccharide amino acid cassettes, which were utilized towards syndecan-3 glycopeptides. The glycopeptides presented many obstacles for post-glycosylation manipulation, peptide elongation, and deprotection. Following screening of multiple synthetic sequences, a successful strategy was finally established by constructing partially deprotected single glycan chain containing glycopeptides first, followed by coupling of the glycan-bearing fragments and cleavage of the acyl protecting groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weizhun Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, 578 S. Shaw Lane, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Keisuke Yoshida
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, 578 S. Shaw Lane, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Bo Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, 578 S. Shaw Lane, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Xuefei Huang
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, 578 S. Shaw Lane, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.
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8
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Hatanaka T, Yuki R, Saito R, Sasaki K. α-Methylphenacyl thioesters as convenient thioacid precursors. Org Biomol Chem 2016; 14:10589-10592. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ob02256a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
α-Methylphenacyl (Mpa) thioesters are described as precursors of thioacids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toru Hatanaka
- Department of Chemistry
- Toho University
- Funabashi 274-8510
- Japan
| | - Ryosuke Yuki
- Department of Chemistry
- Toho University
- Funabashi 274-8510
- Japan
| | - Ryota Saito
- Department of Chemistry
- Toho University
- Funabashi 274-8510
- Japan
- Research Center for Materials with Integrated Properties
| | - Kaname Sasaki
- Department of Chemistry
- Toho University
- Funabashi 274-8510
- Japan
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9
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Sati GC, Crich D. Facile Synthesis of 3-N-Alkyl Pyrimidin-2,4-diones from N-Sulfonyloxy Maleimides and Amines. Org Lett 2015; 17:4122-4. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.5b02079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Girish C. Sati
- Department
of Chemistry, Wayne State University, 5101 Cass Avenue, Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States
| | - David Crich
- Department
of Chemistry, Wayne State University, 5101 Cass Avenue, Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States
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10
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Chou TC, Hsu YL, Lo LC. A Convenient Preparation of Bis(4-methoxyphenyl)methanethiol and Its Application in the Synthesis of Biotin Thioacid. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.201300664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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11
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Manna C, Pathak T. Diversity-Oriented Synthesis of Enantiopure Furofurans from Carbohydrates: An Expedient Approach with Built-in Michael Acceptor, Masked Aldehyde and Leaving Group in a Single Sugar Derivative. European J Org Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201300603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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12
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Fécourt F, Delpech B, Melnyk O, Crich D. Se-(9-Fluorenylmethyl) Selenoesters; Preparation, Reactivity, and Use as Convenient Synthons for Selenoacids. Org Lett 2013; 15:3758-61. [DOI: 10.1021/ol401677a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Fabien Fécourt
- Centre de Recherche de Gif, Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS, 1 Avenue de la Terrasse, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France, CNRS UMR 8161, Univ. Lille Nord de France, Institut Pasteur de Lille, 59021, Lille, France, and Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, 5101 Cass Avenue, Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States
| | - Bernard Delpech
- Centre de Recherche de Gif, Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS, 1 Avenue de la Terrasse, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France, CNRS UMR 8161, Univ. Lille Nord de France, Institut Pasteur de Lille, 59021, Lille, France, and Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, 5101 Cass Avenue, Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States
| | - Oleg Melnyk
- Centre de Recherche de Gif, Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS, 1 Avenue de la Terrasse, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France, CNRS UMR 8161, Univ. Lille Nord de France, Institut Pasteur de Lille, 59021, Lille, France, and Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, 5101 Cass Avenue, Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States
| | - David Crich
- Centre de Recherche de Gif, Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS, 1 Avenue de la Terrasse, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France, CNRS UMR 8161, Univ. Lille Nord de France, Institut Pasteur de Lille, 59021, Lille, France, and Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, 5101 Cass Avenue, Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States
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13
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Karmakar P, Talan RS, Sucheck SJ. Mixed-phase synthesis of glycopeptides using a N-peptidyl-2,4-dinitrobenzenesulfonamide-thioacid ligation strategy. Org Lett 2011; 13:5298-301. [PMID: 21916403 DOI: 10.1021/ol202163e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A strategy for the solid phase peptide synthesis (SPPS) and coupling of N-peptidyl and N-glycopeptidyl 2,4-dinitrobenzenesulfonamides (dNBS) with C-terminal peptidyl thioacids has been developed. The resulting N-dDNBS peptides were coupled to generate longer peptides. Ligation reactions were complete within 15 to 20 min.
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Affiliation(s)
- Partha Karmakar
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Toledo, 2801 West Bancroft Street, Toledo, Ohio 43606, USA
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14
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaname Sasaki
- a Centre de Recherche de Gif , Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS , Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Sylvain Aubry
- a Centre de Recherche de Gif , Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS , Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - David Crich
- a Centre de Recherche de Gif , Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS , Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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15
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Wu J, Ruiz-Rodríguez J, Comstock JM, Dong JZ, Bode JW. Synthesis of human GLP-1 (7–36) by chemoselective α-ketoacid–hydroxylamine peptide ligation of unprotected fragments. Chem Sci 2011. [DOI: 10.1039/c1sc00398d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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16
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Aubry S, Sasaki K, Eloy L, Aubert G, Retailleau P, Cresteil T, Crich D. Exploring the potential of the β-thiolactones in bioorganic chemistry. Org Biomol Chem 2011; 9:7134-43. [DOI: 10.1039/c1ob05967j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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17
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Abstract
C-Terminal amino acid 9-fluorenylmethylthioesters may be carried through Boc chemistry solution phase peptide synthesis sequences. After insertion of the final residue in the form of an Fmoc carbamate, treatment with piperidine releases a seco-peptide as a C-terminal thioacid that on treatment with Sanger's reagent undergoes cyclization to a cyclic peptide. Cyclic penta- and hexapeptides have been synthesized in this manner, as has a cyclic glycopeptide. Functional group compatibility with alcohols and carboxylic acids is demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaname Sasaki
- Centre de Recherche de Gif, Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS, Avenue de la Terrasse, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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18
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Crich D, Rahaman MY. Dihydro-3-(triphenylphosphoranylidene)-2,5-thiophendione: A Convenient Synthon for the Preparation of Substituted 1,4-Thiazepin-5-ones and Piperidinones via the Intermediacy of Thioacids. Tetrahedron 2010; 66:6383-6390. [PMID: 21170150 DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2010.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Reaction of thiomaleic anhydride with triphenylphosphine gives the title compound which undergoes reaction with a variety of aldehydes to give a range of alkylidene thiomaleic anhydrides (substituted monothio itaconic anhydrides). Subsequent treatment with tert-butoxycarbonylamino-substituted thiols, or under radical conditions with tert-butoxycarbonylamino-substituted alkyl halides results in a series of substituted monothiomaleic anhydrides, that on exposure to trifluoroacetic acid and then base lead to thiocarboxyl substituted 1,4-thiazepin-5-ones and piperidinones, respectively, that are ultimately trapped by reaction with 2,4-dinitrobenzenesulfonamides to give the corresponding amides.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Crich
- Centre de Recherche de Gif, Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS, Avenue de la Terrasse, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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19
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Jiménez-Castells C, Defaus S, Andreu D, Gutiérrez-Gallego R. Recent progress in the field of neoglycoconjugate chemistry. Biomol Concepts 2010; 1:85-96. [DOI: 10.1515/bmc.2010.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractGlycosylation is probably the most complex secondary gene event that affects the vast majority of proteins in nature resulting in the occurrence of a heterogeneous mixture of glycoforms for a single protein. Many functions are exerted by single monosaccharides, well-defined oligosaccharides, or larger glycans present in these glycoproteins. To unravel these functions it is of the utmost importance to prepare well-defined single glycans conjugated to the underlying aglycon. In this review, the most recent developments are described to address the preparation of carbohydrate-amino acid (glyco-conjugates). Naturally occurring N- and O-linked glycosylation are described and the preparation of non-natural sugar-amino acid linkages are also included.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Jiménez-Castells
- 1Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Pompeu Fabra University, Barcelona Biomedical Research Park, Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sira Defaus
- 1Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Pompeu Fabra University, Barcelona Biomedical Research Park, Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - David Andreu
- 1Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Pompeu Fabra University, Barcelona Biomedical Research Park, Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
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20
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Crich D, Rahaman MY. Thiomaleic anhydride: a convenient building block for the synthesis of alpha-substituted gamma- and delta-lactones through free-radical addition, nucleophilic ring opening, and subsequent thiocarboxylate manipulation. J Org Chem 2009; 74:6792-6. [PMID: 19670833 DOI: 10.1021/jo901219k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Iodoalkyl tert-butyl carbonates and carbamates undergo clean free-radical addition to thiomaleic anhydride to give substituted thiosuccinic anhydrides in high yield on treatment with tris(trimethylsilyl)silane and a radical initiator. After removal of the tert-butyloxycarbonyl group, cyclization then affords lactones or lactams substituted in the alpha-position by a thiocarboxylic acid residue. This group is converted to amides through reaction with electron-deficient sulfonamides or to aldehydes and/or ketones by the reaction of derived thioesters with either thiophenol, an electron-deficient allyl phenyl sulfide, or phenylboronic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Crich
- Centre de Recherche de Gif, Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, Avenue de la Terrasse, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
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21
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Crich D, Sasaki K. Reaction of thioacids with isocyanates and isothiocyanates: a convenient amide ligation process. Org Lett 2009; 11:3514-7. [PMID: 19719195 DOI: 10.1021/ol901370y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Thiocarboxylates, prepared conveniently by cleavage of 9-fluorenylmethyl or trimethoxybenzyl thioesters, react at room temperature with isocyanates and isothiocyanates to give amide bonds in good to excellent yield. A carboxylate salt is also shown to react with an electron-deficient isocyanate to give the corresponding amide in excellent yield at room temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Crich
- Centre Scientifique de Gif, Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, 1 Avenue de la Terrasse, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
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22
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Crich D, Sharma I. Triblock peptide and peptide thioester synthesis with reactivity-differentiated sulfonamides and peptidyl thioacids. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2009; 48:7591-4. [PMID: 19739161 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200903050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David Crich
- Centre de Recherche de Gif, Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Avenue de la Terrasse, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
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Crich D, Sharma I. Triblock Peptide and Peptide Thioester Synthesis With Reactivity-Differentiated Sulfonamides and Peptidyl Thioacids. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200903050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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