1
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Cui XY, Ye ZT, Wu HH, Ji CG, Zhou F, Zhou J. Au(I)-Catalyzed Formal Intermolecular Carbene Insertion into Vinylic C(sp 2)–H Bonds and Allylic C(sp 3)–H Bonds. ACS Catal 2023. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c05351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yuan Cui
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Process, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Zhong-Tian Ye
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Process, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Hai-Hong Wu
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Process, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Chang-Ge Ji
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Process, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Feng Zhou
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Process, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Jian Zhou
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Process, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Shanghai 200032, China
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2
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Buglioni L, Raymenants F, Slattery A, Zondag SDA, Noël T. Technological Innovations in Photochemistry for Organic Synthesis: Flow Chemistry, High-Throughput Experimentation, Scale-up, and Photoelectrochemistry. Chem Rev 2022; 122:2752-2906. [PMID: 34375082 PMCID: PMC8796205 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 208] [Impact Index Per Article: 104.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Photoinduced chemical transformations have received in recent years a tremendous amount of attention, providing a plethora of opportunities to synthetic organic chemists. However, performing a photochemical transformation can be quite a challenge because of various issues related to the delivery of photons. These challenges have barred the widespread adoption of photochemical steps in the chemical industry. However, in the past decade, several technological innovations have led to more reproducible, selective, and scalable photoinduced reactions. Herein, we provide a comprehensive overview of these exciting technological advances, including flow chemistry, high-throughput experimentation, reactor design and scale-up, and the combination of photo- and electro-chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Buglioni
- Micro
Flow Chemistry and Synthetic Methodology, Department of Chemical Engineering
and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, Het Kranenveld, Bldg 14—Helix, 5600 MB, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- Flow
Chemistry Group, van ’t Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences
(HIMS), Universiteit van Amsterdam (UvA), Science Park 904, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Fabian Raymenants
- Flow
Chemistry Group, van ’t Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences
(HIMS), Universiteit van Amsterdam (UvA), Science Park 904, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Aidan Slattery
- Flow
Chemistry Group, van ’t Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences
(HIMS), Universiteit van Amsterdam (UvA), Science Park 904, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Stefan D. A. Zondag
- Flow
Chemistry Group, van ’t Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences
(HIMS), Universiteit van Amsterdam (UvA), Science Park 904, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Timothy Noël
- Flow
Chemistry Group, van ’t Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences
(HIMS), Universiteit van Amsterdam (UvA), Science Park 904, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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3
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Cui XY, Zhao YL, Chen YM, Dong SZ, Zhou F, Wu HH, Zhou J. Au-Catalyzed Formal Allylation of Diazo(thio)oxindoles: Application to Tandem Asymmetric Synthesis of Quaternary Stereocenters. Org Lett 2021; 23:4864-4869. [PMID: 34080874 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c01399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
We report an efficient Au(I)-catalyzed formal allylation of diazo(thio)oxindoles using allyltrimethylsilane to give 3-allyl (thio)oxindoles, which are difficult to access by using traditional alkylation methods under basic conditions. The approach enables a highly stereoselective synthesis of quaternary (thio)oxindoles via a formal allylation-asymmetric Michael addition sequence. These adducts are versatile synthons for spirocyclic (thio)oxindoles. Initial biological studies reveal that chiral thiooxindoles show promising antiproliferation activity that is better than that of the corresponding oxindoles.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yu-Lei Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, China
| | | | | | | | | | - Jian Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Shanghai 200032, China
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4
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Laviós A, Sanz‐Marco A, Vila C, Blay G, Pedro JR. Asymmetric Organocatalytic Synthesis of
aza
‐Spirocyclic Compounds from Isothiocyanates and Isocyanides. European J Org Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202100232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Adrián Laviós
- Departament de Química Orgànica-Facultat de Química Universitat de València C/ Dr. Moliner 50 46100 Burjassot (València) Spain
| | - Amparo Sanz‐Marco
- Departament de Química Orgànica-Facultat de Química Universitat de València C/ Dr. Moliner 50 46100 Burjassot (València) Spain
| | - Carlos Vila
- Departament de Química Orgànica-Facultat de Química Universitat de València C/ Dr. Moliner 50 46100 Burjassot (València) Spain
| | - Gonzalo Blay
- Departament de Química Orgànica-Facultat de Química Universitat de València C/ Dr. Moliner 50 46100 Burjassot (València) Spain
| | - José R. Pedro
- Departament de Química Orgànica-Facultat de Química Universitat de València C/ Dr. Moliner 50 46100 Burjassot (València) Spain
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5
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Sathish M, Nachtigall FM, Santos LS. Bifunctional thiosquaramide catalyzed asymmetric reduction of dihydro-β-carbolines and enantioselective synthesis of (-)-coerulescine and (-)-horsfiline by oxidative rearrangement. RSC Adv 2020; 10:38672-38677. [PMID: 35517527 PMCID: PMC9057260 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra07705d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Tetrahydro-β-carboline (THBC) is a tricyclic ring system that can be found in a large number of bioactive alkaloids. Herein, we report a simple and efficient method for the synthesis of enantiopure THBCs through a chiral thiosquaramide (11b) catalyzed imine reduction of dihydro-β-carbolines (17a-f). The in situ generated Pd-H employed as hydride source in the reaction of differently substituted chiral THBCs (18a-f) afforded high selectivities (R isomers, up to 96% ee) and good isolated yields (up to 88%). Moreover, the chiral thiosquaramide used also afforded exceptional catalyst activity in the syntheses of (-)-coerulescine (5) and (-)-horsfiline (6) with excellent enantioselectivities up to 98% and 93% ee, respectively, via an enantioselective oxidative rearrangement approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manda Sathish
- Laboratory of Asymmetric Synthesis, Chemistry Institute of Natural Resources, Universidad de Talca Casilla 747 3460000 Talca Chile
- Núcleo Científico Multidisciplinario-DI, Universidad de Talca Casilla 747 3460000 Talca Chile
| | - Fabiane M Nachtigall
- Instituto de Ciencias Químicas Aplicadas, Universidad Autónoma de Chile Talca 3467987 Chile
| | - Leonardo S Santos
- Laboratory of Asymmetric Synthesis, Chemistry Institute of Natural Resources, Universidad de Talca Casilla 747 3460000 Talca Chile
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6
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Moustakim M, Ledford B, Garwin JA, Boyd MJ. Photocyclization of enamines to access Spiroindolines and Spirooxindoles in continuous flow. Tetrahedron Lett 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2020.152111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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7
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Sansinenea E, Martínez EF, Ortiz A. Organocatalytic Synthesis of Chiral Spirooxindoles with Quaternary Stereogenic Centers. European J Org Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202000470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Estibaliz Sansinenea
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla Puebla México
| | | | - Aurelio Ortiz
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla Puebla México
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8
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The synthesis of symmetrical 3,3-Disubstituted oxindoles by phosphine-catalyzed γ/γ-addition of oxindoles with allenoates. CATAL COMMUN 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.catcom.2019.105838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
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9
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Li DF, Liu K, Jiang YX, Gu Y, Zhang JR, Zhao LM. Access to 3-Prenylated Oxindoles by α-Regioselective Prenylation: Application to the Synthesis of (±)-Debromoflustramine E. Org Lett 2018; 20:1122-1125. [PMID: 29400474 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b00045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The development of a rapid, highly efficient, and one-pot synthesis of C3-α-prenylated oxindoles with simple reagents is described. The process is based on zinc-mediated α-regioselective prenylation of 3-acylidene-oxindole with commercially available prenyl bromide using inexpensive CeCl3 as the catalyst. The new transformation tolerates a wide range of 3-acylidene-oxindoles, providing easy access to a variety of functionalized 3-prenylated oxindoles. The synthetic utility of the approach is verified by formal synthesis of the flustramine family alkaloid (±)-debromoflustramine E.
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Affiliation(s)
- De-Feng Li
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University , Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu, China
| | - Kun Liu
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University , Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yi-Xuan Jiang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University , Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yan Gu
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University , Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jing-Ru Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University , Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu, China
| | - Li-Ming Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University , Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu, China
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10
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Kelemen ÁA, Satala G, Bojarski AJ, Keserű GM. Spiro[pyrrolidine-3,3'-oxindoles] and Their Indoline Analogues as New 5-HT6 Receptor Chemotypes. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22122221. [PMID: 29240714 PMCID: PMC6149751 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22122221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2017] [Revised: 12/11/2017] [Accepted: 12/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Synthetic derivatives of spiro[pyrrolidinyl-3,3′-oxindole] alkaloids (coerulescine analogues) were investigated as new ligands for aminergic G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs). The chemical starting point 2′-phenylspiro[indoline-3,3′-pyrrolidin]-2-one scaffold was identified by virtual fragment screening utilizing ligand- and structure based methods. As a part of the hit-to-lead optimization a structure-activity relationship analysis was performed to explore the differently substituted 2′-phenyl-derivatives, introducing the phenylsulphonyl pharmacophore and examining the corresponding reduced spiro[pyrrolidine-3,3′-indoline] scaffold. The optimization process led to ligands with submicromolar affinities towards the 5-HT6 receptor that might serve as viable leads for further optimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ádám A Kelemen
- Medicinal Chemistry Research Group, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Magyar tudósok körútja 2, H1117 Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Grzegorz Satala
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 12 Smętna Street, 31-343 Krakow, Poland.
| | - Andrzej J Bojarski
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 12 Smętna Street, 31-343 Krakow, Poland.
| | - György M Keserű
- Medicinal Chemistry Research Group, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Magyar tudósok körútja 2, H1117 Budapest, Hungary.
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11
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Zhang C, Xu J, Zhao X, Kang C. Synthesis of Novel 3-(Benzothiazol-2-Ylmethylene)Indolin-2-Ones. JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL RESEARCH 2017. [DOI: 10.3184/174751917x15040891974776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
A mild method for the synthesis of 3-(benzothiazol-2-ylmethylene)indolin-2-ones via the aldol condensation of substituted indolin-2-ones and benzothiazole-2-carbaldehyde is described. This new procedure has significant advantages, such as mild conditions, high yields and simple work-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Zhang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, P.R. China
| | - Juan Xu
- College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, P.R. China
| | - Xinyu Zhao
- College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, P.R. China
| | - Congmin Kang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, P.R. China
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12
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Bhupathi RS, Madhu B, Reddy CVR, Devi BR, Dubey P. Ionic Liquid Mediated Green Synthesis of Spirooxindoles from N
-methyl Quinolones and Their Anti Bacterial Activity. J Heterocycl Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.2821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Raja S. Bhupathi
- Department of Chemistry; Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University Hyderabad College of Engineering; Kukatpally Hyderabad Telangana 500 085 India
| | - Bandi Madhu
- Department of Chemistry; Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University Hyderabad College of Engineering; Kukatpally Hyderabad Telangana 500 085 India
- Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University; Kakinada Andhra Pradesh India
| | - Ch. Venkata Ramana Reddy
- Department of Chemistry; Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University Hyderabad College of Engineering; Kukatpally Hyderabad Telangana 500 085 India
| | - B. Rama Devi
- Department of Chemistry; Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University Hyderabad College of Engineering; Kukatpally Hyderabad Telangana 500 085 India
| | - P.K. Dubey
- Department of Chemistry; Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University Hyderabad College of Engineering; Kukatpally Hyderabad Telangana 500 085 India
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13
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Zhang YF, Yin SJ, Zhao M, Zhang JQ, Li HY, Wang XW. Dinuclear zinc-catalyzed desymmetric intramolecular aldolization: an enantioselective construction of spiro[cyclohexanone-oxindole] derivatives. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra02296k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A bis-ProPhenol zinc complex-catalyzed asymmetric desymmetrizing intramolecular aldol or aldol condensation reaction is reported, which furnishes spiro[cyclohexanone-oxindole] derivatives in good yields with moderate to high enantioselectivities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Fei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Soochow University
- Suzhou 215123
| | - Shao-Jie Yin
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Soochow University
- Suzhou 215123
| | - Min Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Soochow University
- Suzhou 215123
| | - Jun-Qi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Soochow University
- Suzhou 215123
| | - Hai-Yan Li
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Soochow University
- Suzhou 215123
| | - Xing-Wang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Soochow University
- Suzhou 215123
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14
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De S, Das MK, Bhunia S, Bisai A. Unified Approach to the Spiro(pyrrolidinyl-oxindole) and Hexahydropyrrolo[2,3-b]indole Alkaloids: Total Syntheses of Pseudophrynamines 270 and 272A. Org Lett 2015; 17:5922-5. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.5b03082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Subhadip De
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal Bypass
Road, Bhauri, Bhopal - 462 066, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Mrinal Kanti Das
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal Bypass
Road, Bhauri, Bhopal - 462 066, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Subhajit Bhunia
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal Bypass
Road, Bhauri, Bhopal - 462 066, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Alakesh Bisai
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal Bypass
Road, Bhauri, Bhopal - 462 066, Madhya Pradesh, India
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15
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Richmond E, Ling KB, Duguet N, Manton LB, Çelebi-Ölçüm N, Lam YH, Alsancak S, Slawin AMZ, Houk KN, Smith AD. An asymmetric pericyclic cascade approach to 3-alkyl-3-aryloxindoles: generality, applications and mechanistic investigations. Org Biomol Chem 2015; 13:1807-17. [PMID: 25501712 DOI: 10.1039/c4ob02526a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The reaction of L-serine derived N-arylnitrones with alkylarylketenes generates asymmetric 3-alkyl-3-aryloxindoles in good to excellent yields (up to 93%) and excellent enantioselectivity (up to 98% ee) via a pericyclic cascade process. The optimization, scope and applications of this transformation are reported, alongside further synthetic and computational investigations. The preparation of the enantiomer of a Roche anti-cancer agent (RO4999200) 1 (96% ee) in three steps demonstrates the potential utility of this methodology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward Richmond
- EaStCHEM, School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, North Haugh, St Andrews KY16 9ST, UK.
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16
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Sar D, Bag R, Bhattacharjee D, Deka RC, Punniyamurthy T. Iron(III)-Mediated Radical Nitration of Bisarylsulfonyl Hydrazones: Synthesis of Bisarylnitromethyl Sulfones. J Org Chem 2015; 80:6776-83. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.5b00820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dinabandhu Sar
- Department
of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati-781039, India
| | - Raghunath Bag
- Department
of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati-781039, India
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17
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Mukaiyama T, Ogata K, Sato I, Hayashi Y. Asymmetric organocatalyzed Michael addition of nitromethane to a 2-oxoindoline-3-ylidene acetaldehyde and the three one-pot sequential synthesis of (-)-horsfiline and (-)-coerulescine. Chemistry 2014; 20:13583-8. [PMID: 25155110 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201403932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
(-)-Horsfiline and (-)-coerulescine were synthesized through three one-pot operations in 33 and 46% overall yield, respectively. Key to the success was the efficient use of a diarylprolinol silyl ether to catalyze the asymmetric Michael addition of nitromethane to a 2-oxoindoline-3-ylidene acetaldehyde. This allowed the all-carbon quaternary, spirocyclic carbon stereocenter to be constructed in good yield with excellent enantioselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takasuke Mukaiyama
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, 6-3 Aramaki-Aza Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8578 (Japan), Fax: (+81) 22-795-6566 http://www.ykbsc.chem.tohoku.ac.jp
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18
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D. White J, Li Y. Synthesis of the ABCD Ring System of Vinca Alkaloids Using Tandem Intramolecular [2+2]Photocycloaddition-Retro-Mannich Fragmentation. HETEROCYCLES 2014. [DOI: 10.3987/com-13-s(s)52] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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19
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Hong S, Jung M, Park Y, Ha MW, Park C, Lee M, Park HG. Efficient enantioselective total synthesis of (-)-horsfiline. Chemistry 2013; 19:9599-605. [PMID: 23836402 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201301008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
A new efficient and concise enantioselective synthetic method for (-)-horsfiline is reported. (-)-Horsfiline could be obtained from diphenylmethyl tert-butyl malonate in 9 steps (32%,>99% ee) by using the enantioselective phase-transfer catalytic allylation (91% ee) as the key step. This approach can be applied as a practical route for the large-scale synthesis of spirooxindole natural products, which enables a systematic investigation of their biological activity to be performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suckchang Hong
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea
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20
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Tandem aza-Michael/spiro-ring closure sequence: access to a versatile scaffold and total synthesis of (±)-coerulescine. Tetrahedron Lett 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2013.02.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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21
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Caballero J, Muñoz C, Alzate-Morales JH, Cunha S, Gano L, Bergmann R, Steinbach J, Kniess T. Synthesis, in silico, in vitro, and in vivo investigation of 5-[11C]methoxy-substituted sunitinib, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor of VEGFR-2. Eur J Med Chem 2012; 58:272-80. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2012.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2012] [Revised: 10/05/2012] [Accepted: 10/11/2012] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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22
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Pumphrey AL, Dong H, Driver TG. Rh(II)2-catalyzed synthesis of α-, β-, or δ-carbolines from aryl azides. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012; 51:5920-3. [PMID: 22539459 PMCID: PMC3397914 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201201788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2012] [Revised: 04/10/2012] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ashley L. Pumphrey
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, 845 W. Taylor St., Chicago, IL 60607 (USA), Homepage: http://www.chem.uic.edu/driver
| | - Huijun Dong
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, 845 W. Taylor St., Chicago, IL 60607 (USA), Homepage: http://www.chem.uic.edu/driver
| | - Tom G. Driver
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, 845 W. Taylor St., Chicago, IL 60607 (USA), Homepage: http://www.chem.uic.edu/driver
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23
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Richmond E, Duguet N, Slawin AMZ, Lébl T, Smith AD. Asymmetric Pericyclic Cascade Approach to Spirocyclic Oxindoles. Org Lett 2012; 14:2762-5. [DOI: 10.1021/ol300982f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Edward Richmond
- EaStCHEM, School of Chemistry, University of St. Andrews, North Haugh, St. Andrews, KY16 9ST, U.K
| | - Nicolas Duguet
- EaStCHEM, School of Chemistry, University of St. Andrews, North Haugh, St. Andrews, KY16 9ST, U.K
| | - Alexandra M. Z. Slawin
- EaStCHEM, School of Chemistry, University of St. Andrews, North Haugh, St. Andrews, KY16 9ST, U.K
| | - Tomáš Lébl
- EaStCHEM, School of Chemistry, University of St. Andrews, North Haugh, St. Andrews, KY16 9ST, U.K
| | - Andrew D. Smith
- EaStCHEM, School of Chemistry, University of St. Andrews, North Haugh, St. Andrews, KY16 9ST, U.K
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24
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Pumphrey AL, Dong H, Driver TG. RhII2-Catalyzed Synthesis of α-, β-, or δ-Carbolines from Aryl Azides. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201201788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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25
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Zhao H, Lan YB, Liu ZM, Wang Y, Wang XW, Tao JC. Enantioselective Construction of Spiro[2H-pyran-3,4′-indoline] by a Systematic Michael/Reduction/Cyclization Sequence Triggered by the Asymmetric Conjugate Addition of Ketones to Isatylidenemalononitriles. European J Org Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201101810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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26
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Chen J, Chen J, Xie Y, Zhang H. Enantioselective Total Synthesis of (−)-Stenine. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201106587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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27
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Chen J, Chen J, Xie Y, Zhang H. Enantioselective total synthesis of (-)-stenine. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011; 51:1024-7. [PMID: 22180192 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201106587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2011] [Revised: 11/22/2011] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jingbo Chen
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resources (Yunnan University), Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, PR China
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28
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Suárez-Castillo OR, Meléndez-Rodríguez M, Castelán-Duarte LE, Zúñiga-Estrada EA, Cruz-Borbolla J, Morales-Ríos MS, Joseph-Nathan P. Absolute configuration assignment of 3-oxindolylacetyl-4-phenyloxazolidinone derivatives. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetasy.2011.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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29
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Antonchick AP, Schuster H, Bruss H, Schürmann M, Preut H, Rauh D, Waldmann H. Enantioselective synthesis of the spirotryprostatin A scaffold. Tetrahedron 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2011.04.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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30
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Morales-Ríos MS, Rivera-Becerril E, González-Juárez DE, García-Vázquez JB, Trujillo-Serrato JJ, Hernández-Barragán A, Joseph-Nathan P. Synthesis of Pyrrolidinoindolines from 2-(2-Oxo-3-indolyl)acetates: Scope and Limitations. Nat Prod Commun 2011. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1100600406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of 1,3a,8-alkylpyrrolidinoindolines have been synthesized. The scope and limitations of the alkylation of starting methyl oxindol-3-acetates are explored employing electron-rich and electron-poor alkylating agents. Hydrolysis and reductive lactonization of the resulting carboxylic γ-oxindolic acid derivatives proceeds with good yields to afford 2-oxofuroindolines providing ready access to the pyrrolidinoindoline derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martha S. Morales-Ríos
- Departamento de Química, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Apartado 14-740, México, D. F., 07000 México
- Programa de Posgrado en Farmacología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Apartado 14-740, México, D. F., 07000 México
| | - Ernesto Rivera-Becerril
- Departamento de Química, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Apartado 14-740, México, D. F., 07000 México
- Programa de Posgrado en Farmacología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Apartado 14-740, México, D. F., 07000 México
| | - Daphne E. González-Juárez
- Departamento de Química, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Apartado 14-740, México, D. F., 07000 México
- Programa de Posgrado en Farmacología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Apartado 14-740, México, D. F., 07000 México
| | - Juan Benjamín García-Vázquez
- Departamento de Química, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Apartado 14-740, México, D. F., 07000 México
- Programa de Posgrado en Farmacología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Apartado 14-740, México, D. F., 07000 México
| | - Joel J. Trujillo-Serrato
- Departamento de Química, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Apartado 14-740, México, D. F., 07000 México
| | - Angelina Hernández-Barragán
- Departamento de Química, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Apartado 14-740, México, D. F., 07000 México
| | - Pedro Joseph-Nathan
- Departamento de Química, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Apartado 14-740, México, D. F., 07000 México
- Programa de Posgrado en Farmacología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Apartado 14-740, México, D. F., 07000 México
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31
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Kulkarni MG, Dhondge AP, Chavhan SW, Borhade AS, Shaikh YB, Birhade DR, Desai MP, Dhatrak NR. Total synthesis of (±)-coerulescine and (±)-horsfiline. Beilstein J Org Chem 2010; 6:876-9. [PMID: 21085515 PMCID: PMC2982140 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.6.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2010] [Accepted: 09/07/2010] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Wittig olefination-Claisen rearrangement protocol was applied to obtain 3-allyl oxindole. This oxindole was then converted to (±)-coerulescine and (±)-horsfiline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mukund G Kulkarni
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pune, Ganeshkhind, Pune-411 007, Maharashtra, India.
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32
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White JD, Li Y, Ihle DC. Tandem intramolecular photocycloaddition-retro-Mannich fragmentation as a route to spiro[pyrrolidine-3,3'-oxindoles]. Total synthesis of (+/-)-coerulescine, (+/-)-horsfiline, (+/-)-elacomine, and (+/-)-6-deoxyelacomine. J Org Chem 2010; 75:3569-77. [PMID: 20429523 DOI: 10.1021/jo1002714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Irradiation of a tryptamine linked through its side-chain nitrogen to an alkylidene malonate residue results in an intramolecular [2 + 2] cycloaddition to the indole 2,3-double bond. The resultant cyclobutane undergoes spontaneous retro-Mannich fission to produce a spiro[indoline-3,3'-pyrrolenine] with relative configuration defined by the orientation of substituents in the transient cyclobutane. The tandem intramolecular photocycloaddition-retro-Mannich process, abbreviated as TIPCARM, leads to a spiropyrrolidine which is poised to undergo a second retro-Mannich fragmentation that expels the malonate unit and generates transiently an indolenine. The latter undergoes rearrangement to a beta-carboline, which upon brominative oxidation undergoes further rearrangement to an oxindole. With tryptamine as starting material, the entire sequence leads to the alkaloid (+/-)-coerulescine. Starting from 5-methoxytryptamine, a parallel series affords (+/-)-horsfiline. Modification of the malonylidene unit to include an isobutyl substituent at C3 affords a photosubstrate which also undergoes the TIPCARM process. In this case, a 2'-isobutyl-substituted spiro[indoline-3,3'-pyrrolenine] results. This undergoes stereoselective hydride reduction to give a product with relative orientation at the spiro carbon and the new stereocenter bearing the isobutyl appendage corresponding to that of the alkaloid elacomine. From tryptamine, the sequence paralleling that leading to coerulescine and horsfiline terminates at 6-deoxyelacomine, whereas 6-methoxytryptamine as starting material affords (+/-)-elacomine itself.
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Affiliation(s)
- James D White
- Department of Chemistry, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331-4003, USA.
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33
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Deppermann N, Thomanek H, Prenzel AHGP, Maison W. Pd-Catalyzed Assembly of Spirooxindole Natural Products: A Short Synthesis of Horsfiline. J Org Chem 2010; 75:5994-6000. [DOI: 10.1021/jo101401z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nina Deppermann
- Dr. Knoell Consult GmbH, Dynamostrasse 19, 68165 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Heike Thomanek
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 58, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | | | - Wolfgang Maison
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 58, 35392 Giessen, Germany
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34
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Thomson JE, Kyle AF, Ling KB, Smith SR, Slawin AM, Smith AD. Applications of NHC-mediated O- to C-carboxyl transfer: synthesis of (±)-N-benzyl-coerulescine and (±)-horsfiline. Tetrahedron 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2010.03.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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35
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Reddy VJ, Douglas CJ. Highly Enantioselective Intramolecular Cyanoamidation: (+)-Horsfiline, (−)-Coerulescine, and (−)-Esermethole. Org Lett 2010; 12:952-5. [DOI: 10.1021/ol902949d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Venkata Jaganmohan Reddy
- Department of Chemistry, 207 Pleasant Street, SE, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455
| | - Christopher J. Douglas
- Department of Chemistry, 207 Pleasant Street, SE, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455
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36
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Ammetto I, Gasperi T, Loreto MA, Migliorini A, Palmarelli F, Tardella PA. Synthesis of Functionalized Spiroaziridine-oxindoles from 3-Ylideneoxindoles: An Easy Route to 3-(Aminoalkyl)oxindoles. European J Org Chem 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200900891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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37
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Trost BM, Zhang Y, Zhang T. Direct N-carbamoylation of 3-monosubstituted oxindoles with alkyl imidazole carboxylates. J Org Chem 2009; 74:5115-7. [PMID: 19588998 DOI: 10.1021/jo900760r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Regioselective N-carbamoylation of oxindoles was achieved through the use of imidazole carboxylate reagents. This reaction provides ready access to N-carbamoyl-3-monosubstituted oxindoles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barry M Trost
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, 337 Campus Drive, Stanford, California 94305-5080, USA.
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38
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Galliford CV, Scheidt KA. Pyrrolidinyl-spirooxindole natural products as inspirations for the development of potential therapeutic agents. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2008; 46:8748-58. [PMID: 17943924 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200701342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2033] [Impact Index Per Article: 127.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The 3,3'-pyrrolidinyl-spirooxindole unit is a privileged heterocyclic motif that forms the core of a large family of alkaloid natural products with strong bioactivity profiles and interesting structural properties. Significant recent advances in the synthesis of this fused heterocyclic system have led to intense interest in the development of related compounds as potential medicinal agents or biological probes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris V Galliford
- Chemistry Department, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston IL 60201, USA
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39
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Galliford C, Scheidt K. Natürliche Pyrrolidinylspirooxindole als Vorlagen für die Entwicklung medizinischer Wirkstoffe. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200701342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 497] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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40
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Trost BM, Brennan MK. Palladium asymmetric allylic alkylation of prochiral nucleophiles: horsfiline. Org Lett 2007; 8:2027-30. [PMID: 16671773 PMCID: PMC2565574 DOI: 10.1021/ol060298j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
[reaction; see text] The asymmetric synthesis of the oxindole alkaloid horsfiline is described. A palladium-catalyzed asymmetric allylic alkylation (AAA) is used to set the spiro(pyrrolidine-oxindole) stereogenic center.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barry M Trost
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, California 94305, USA.
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41
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Higuchi K, Kawasaki T. Simple indole alkaloids and those with a nonrearranged monoterpenoid unit. Nat Prod Rep 2007; 24:843-68. [PMID: 17653362 DOI: 10.1039/b516351j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 239] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This review covers the literature on simple indole alkaloids and those with a nonrearranged monoterpenoid unit. Newly isolated alkaloids, structure determinations, total syntheses and biological activities are included.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiro Higuchi
- Meiji Pharmaceutical University, 2-522-1 Kiyose, Tokyo 204-8588, Japan
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42
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Yamazaki S, Yamamoto M, Morikawa S. A Lewis-Acid Catalyzed Synthesis of Substituted Oxindole Derivatives. HETEROCYCLES 2006. [DOI: 10.3987/com-05-s(t)25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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43
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44
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Padwa A, Nara S, Wang Q. Dichloroketene-Induced Cyclizations of Vinyl Sulfilimines: Application of the Method in the Synthesis of (±)-Desoxyeseroline. J Org Chem 2005; 70:8538-49. [PMID: 16209605 DOI: 10.1021/jo051550o] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The reactions of several aryl-, furanyl-, and vinyl-substituted sulfilimines with dichloroketene proceeded at 25 degrees C to yield thioalkyl-substituted gamma-lactams. The overall process involves nucleophilic addition of the nitrogen atom of the sulfilimine onto the highly electrophilic dichloroketene to first generate a zwitterionic intermediate. A subsequent [3,3]-sigmatropic rearrangement is followed by intramolecular trapping of the Pummerer cation by the amido anion to furnish the observed gamma-lactam product. Incorporation of donor groups on the aromatic ring of the sulfonyl functionality had little effect when aryl-substituted sulfilimines were used but exhibited a major effect on the efficiency of the reaction with furanyl-substituted systems. The placement of an electron donor group (i.e., OMe) on the sulfonyl aryl group enhances the nucleophilicity of the amido anion contained within the sulfonium ion intermediate and facilitates the rate of the 3,3-sigmatropic rearrangement. Styryl-substituted sulfilimines cyclize in a stereospecific manner and produce a 3:2-mixture of gamma-lactams and the isomeric imino-lactone system. The heavily functionalized gamma-lactams are easily converted to a variety of nitrogen containing substrates. The vinyl sulfilimine cyclization method was applied to the total synthesis of the Calabar alkaloid (+/-)-desoxyeseroline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert Padwa
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA.
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45
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Abstract
[reaction: see text]. Radicals derived from the phosphorus reagents, ethylpiperidine hypophosphite (EPHP) and diethylphosphine oxide (DEPO), are used in two related approaches to synthesis of the alkaloid horsfiline (1). In particular, DEPO proves beneficial for effecting cyclizations at 80 degrees C that are difficult or impossible with Bu(3)SnH.
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Affiliation(s)
- John A Murphy
- WestCHEM, Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK.
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46
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Wang Q, Nara S, Padwa A. A New Synthesis of γ-Lactams Based on the Reaction of Vinyl Sulfilimines with Dichloroketene. Org Lett 2005; 7:839-41. [PMID: 15727454 DOI: 10.1021/ol047453j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The reactions of several aryl-, furanyl-, and vinyl substituted sulfilimines with dichloroketene proceeded at 25 degrees C to yield thioalkyl substituted gamma-lactams which, in turn, were converted to a variety of nitrogen-containing substrates. [reaction: see text]
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiu Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
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47
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Huang A, Kodanko JJ, Overman LE. Asymmetric Synthesis of Pyrrolidinoindolines. Application for the Practical Total Synthesis of (−)-Phenserine. J Am Chem Soc 2004; 126:14043-53. [PMID: 15506768 DOI: 10.1021/ja046690e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 169] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A versatile route to enantiopure 3,3-disubstituted oxindoles and 3a-substituted pyrrolidinoindolines is described in which diastereoselective dialkylation of enantiopure ditriflate 10 with oxindole enolates is the central step. These reactions are rare examples of alkylations of prostereogenic enolates with chiral sp(3) electrophiles that proceed with high facial selectivity (10-20:1). The scope of this method is explored, and a model to rationalize the sense of stereoselection is advanced. This dialkylation chemistry was used to synthesize (-)-phenserine on a multigram scale in six steps and 43% overall yield from 5-methoxy-1,3-dimethyloxindole (27) and to complete a short formal total synthesis of (-)-physostigmine (2).
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Affiliation(s)
- Audris Huang
- Department of Chemistry, 516 Rowland Hall, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-2025, USA
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48
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49
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Marti C, Carreira E. Construction of Spiro[pyrrolidine‐3,3′‐oxindoles] − Recent Applications to the Synthesis of Oxindole Alkaloids. European J Org Chem 2003. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200300050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1260] [Impact Index Per Article: 60.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christiane Marti
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie der ETH‐Zürich, Wolfgang Pauli Strasse 10, HCI H 335, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland Fax:(internat.) + 41‐1/632‐1328
| | - Erick M. Carreira
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie der ETH‐Zürich, Wolfgang Pauli Strasse 10, HCI H 335, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland Fax:(internat.) + 41‐1/632‐1328
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50
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Lizos DE, Murphy JA. Concise synthesis of (+/-)-horsfiline and (+/-)-coerulescine by tandem cyclisation of iodoaryl alkenyl azides. Org Biomol Chem 2003; 1:117-22. [PMID: 12929397 DOI: 10.1039/b208114h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A brief, efficient and economical synthesis of the spiropyrrolidinyloxindoles, horsfiline and coerulescine, has been achieved, starting from itaconic acid and, respectively, p-anisidine or o-iodoaniline. Tandem radical cyclisation of iodoaryl alkenyl azides is the key step in both syntheses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitrios E Lizos
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, 295 Cathedral Street, Glasgow, Scotland, UK G1 1XL
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