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Tedesco F, Calugi L, Lenci E, Trabocchi A. Peptidomimetic Small-Molecule Inhibitors of 3CLPro Activity and Spike-ACE2 Interaction: Toward Dual-Action Molecules against Coronavirus Infections. J Org Chem 2022; 87:12041-12051. [PMID: 36039955 PMCID: PMC9454270 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c01047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The development of molecules able to target protein-protein interactions (PPIs) is of interest for the development of novel therapeutic agents. Since a high percentage of PPIs are mediated by α-helical structure at the interacting surface, peptidomimetics that reproduce the essential conformational components of helices are useful templates for the development of PPIs inhibitors. In this work, the synthesis of a constrained dipeptide isostere and insertion in the short peptide epitope EDLFYQ of the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) α1 helix domain resulted in the identification of a molecule capable of inhibiting the SARS-CoV-2 ACE2/spike interaction in the micromolar range. Moreover, inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 3CLPro main protease activity was assessed as an additional inhibitory property of the synthesized peptidomimetics, taking advantage of the C-terminal Q amino acid present in both the ACE2 epitope and the Mpro recognizing motif (APSTVxLQ), thus paving the way to the development of multitarget therapeutics toward coronavirus infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filomena Tedesco
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, via della Lastruccia 13, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Calugi
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, via della Lastruccia 13, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence, Italy
| | - Elena Lenci
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, via della Lastruccia 13, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence, Italy
| | - Andrea Trabocchi
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, via della Lastruccia 13, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence, Italy
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2
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Lenci E, Menchi G, Saldívar-Gonzalez FI, Medina-Franco JL, Trabocchi A. Bicyclic acetals: biological relevance, scaffold analysis, and applications in diversity-oriented synthesis. Org Biomol Chem 2019; 17:1037-1052. [DOI: 10.1039/c8ob02808g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The chemoinformatics analysis of fused, spiro, and bridged bicyclic acetals is instrumental for the DOS of natural product-inspired molecular collections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Lenci
- Department of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff”
- University of Florence
- 50019 Sesto Fiorentino
- Italy
| | - Gloria Menchi
- Department of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff”
- University of Florence
- 50019 Sesto Fiorentino
- Italy
- Interdepartmental Center for Preclinical Development of Molecular Imaging (CISPIM)
| | - Fernanda I. Saldívar-Gonzalez
- School of Chemistry
- Department of Pharmacy
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
- Avenida Universidad 3000
- Mexico City 04510
| | - José L. Medina-Franco
- School of Chemistry
- Department of Pharmacy
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
- Avenida Universidad 3000
- Mexico City 04510
| | - Andrea Trabocchi
- Department of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff”
- University of Florence
- 50019 Sesto Fiorentino
- Italy
- Interdepartmental Center for Preclinical Development of Molecular Imaging (CISPIM)
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3
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Brilli M, Trabocchi A, Weil T, Cavalieri D, Stefanini I. Relations between Effects and Structure of Small Bicyclic Molecules on the Complex Model System Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Front Pharmacol 2017; 8:170. [PMID: 28424620 PMCID: PMC5371657 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2016] [Accepted: 03/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of compounds able to modify biological functions largely took advantage of parallel synthesis to generate a broad chemical variance of compounds to be tested for the desired effect(s). The budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae is a model for pharmacological studies since a long time as it represents a relatively simple system to explore the relations among chemical variance and bioactivity. To identify relations between the chemical features of the molecules and their activity, we delved into the effects of a library of small compounds on the viability of a set of S. cerevisiae strains. Thanks to the high degree of chemical diversity of the tested compounds and to the measured effect on the yeast growth rate, we were able to scale-down the chemical library and to gain information on the most effective structures at the substituent level. Our results represent a valuable source for the selection, rational design, and optimization of bioactive compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Brilli
- Centre for Research and Innovation, Fondazione Edmund MachTrento, Italy
| | - Andrea Trabocchi
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of FlorenceFlorence, Italy
| | - Tobias Weil
- Centre for Research and Innovation, Fondazione Edmund MachTrento, Italy
| | | | - Irene Stefanini
- Division of Biomedical Cell Biology, Warwick Medical School, University of WarwickCoventry, UK
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4
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Innocenti R, Lenci E, Menchi G, Pupi A, Trabocchi A. Design and synthesis of bicyclic acetals as Beta Secretase (BACE1) inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem 2017; 25:5077-5083. [PMID: 28359674 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2017.03.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2017] [Revised: 03/10/2017] [Accepted: 03/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Taking advantage of the structural similarity between aspartic proteases, small-molecule peptidomimetic inhibitors that already showed activity towards Secreted Aspartic Protease 2 as anti-Candida agents and HIV protease inhibitors were exploited as potential BACE1 inhibitors. A focused library of 6,8-dioxa-3-azabicyclo[3.2.1]-octane peptidomimetic scaffolds was synthesized and assayed towards BACE1 enzyme, resulting in the identification of a thiolactam-containing hit compound possessing IC50 in the low micromolar range, and confirming the bicyclic acetal portion as a potential transition state analogue in the interaction with catalytic aspartic acid residues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Innocenti
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 13, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Elena Lenci
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 13, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Gloria Menchi
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 13, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy; Interdepartmental Center for Preclinical Development of Molecular Imaging (CISPIM), University of Florence, Viale Morgagni 85, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Alberto Pupi
- Interdepartmental Center for Preclinical Development of Molecular Imaging (CISPIM), University of Florence, Viale Morgagni 85, 50134 Florence, Italy; Department of Clinical and Experimental Biomedical Science "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Largo Brambilla 3, 50134 Florence, Italy; Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Careggi (AOUC), Largo Brambilla 3, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Andrea Trabocchi
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 13, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy; Interdepartmental Center for Preclinical Development of Molecular Imaging (CISPIM), University of Florence, Viale Morgagni 85, 50134 Florence, Italy.
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5
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Matsumura S, Matsui Y, Nagatomo M, Inoue M. Stereoselective construction of anti - and syn -1,2-diol structures via decarbonylative radical coupling of α-alkoxyacyl tellurides. Tetrahedron 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2016.06.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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6
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Diversity-oriented synthesis as a tool for chemical genetics. Molecules 2014; 19:16506-28. [PMID: 25317579 PMCID: PMC6271126 DOI: 10.3390/molecules191016506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2014] [Revised: 09/30/2014] [Accepted: 10/01/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemical genetics is an approach for identifying small molecules with the ability to induce a biological phenotype or to interact with a particular gene product, and it is an emerging tool for lead generation in drug discovery. Accordingly, there is a need for efficient and versatile synthetic processes capable of generating complex and diverse molecular libraries, and Diversity-Oriented Synthesis (DOS) of small molecules is the concept of choice to give access to new chemotypes with high chemical diversity. In this review, the combination of chemical genetics and diversity-oriented synthesis to identify new chemotypes as hit compounds in chemical biology and drug discovery is reported, giving an overview of basic concepts and selected case studies.
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7
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Calugi C, Guarna A, Trabocchi A. Identification of constrained peptidomimetic chemotypes as HIV protease inhibitors. Eur J Med Chem 2014; 84:444-53. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.07.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2014] [Revised: 07/14/2014] [Accepted: 07/15/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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8
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Schütznerová E, Oliver AG, Zajíček J, Krchňák V. Polymer-Supported Stereoselective Synthesis of (1S,5S)-6-Oxa-3,8-diazabicyclo[3.2.1]octanes. European J Org Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201300093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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9
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Sugar–amino acid cyclic conjugates as novel conformationally constrained hydroxyethylamine transition-state isosteres. Tetrahedron Lett 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2012.04.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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10
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Kale SS, Chavan ST, Sabharwal SG, Puranik VG, Sanjayan GJ. Bicyclic amino acid-carbohydrate-conjugates as conformationally restricted hydroxyethylamine (HEA) transition-state isosteres. Org Biomol Chem 2011; 9:7300-2. [DOI: 10.1039/c1ob06215h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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11
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Stefanini I, Trabocchi A, Marchi E, Guarna A, Cavalieri D. A systems biology approach to dissection of the effects of small bicyclic peptidomimetics on a panel of saccharomyces cerevisiae mutants. J Biol Chem 2010; 285:23477-85. [PMID: 20501664 PMCID: PMC2906338 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m110.125153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2010] [Revised: 05/24/2010] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, an approach called "chemical genetics" has been adopted in drug research to discover and validate new targets and to identify and optimize leads by high throughput screening. In this work, we tested the ability of a library of small peptidomimetics to induce phenotypic effects with functional implications on a panel of strains of the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, both wild type and mutants, for respiratory function and multidrug resistance. Further elucidation of the function of these peptidomimetics was assessed by testing the effects of the compound with the most prominent inhibitory activity, 089, on gene expression using DNA microarrays. Pathway analysis showed the involvement of such a molecule in inducing oxidative damage through alterations in mitochondrial functions. Transcriptional experiments were confirmed by increased levels of ROS and activation of mitochondrial membrane potential. Our results demonstrate the influence of a functional HAP1 gene in the performance of S. cerevisiae as a model system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Stefanini
- From the
Department of Pharmacology “Mario Aiazzi Mancini” and
| | - Andrea Trabocchi
- the
Department of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff,” University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy
| | | | - Antonio Guarna
- the
Department of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff,” University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy
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12
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Trabocchi A, Mannino C, Machetti F, De Bernardis F, Arancia S, Cauda R, Cassone A, Guarna A. Identification of Inhibitors of Drug-Resistant Candida albicans Strains from a Library of Bicyclic Peptidomimetic Compounds. J Med Chem 2010; 53:2502-9. [DOI: 10.1021/jm901734u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Trabocchi
- Department of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff”, University of Florence, Polo Scientifico e Tecnologico, Via della Lastruccia 13, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Claudia Mannino
- Department of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff”, University of Florence, Polo Scientifico e Tecnologico, Via della Lastruccia 13, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Machetti
- ICCOM- CNR, c/o Department of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff”, University of Florence, Polo Scientifico e Tecnologico, Via della Lastruccia 13, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Flavia De Bernardis
- Department of Infectious, Parasitic, and Immune-Mediated Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Arancia
- Department of Infectious, Parasitic, and Immune-Mediated Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Roberto Cauda
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Largo A. Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Cassone
- Department of Infectious, Parasitic, and Immune-Mediated Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Guarna
- Department of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff”, University of Florence, Polo Scientifico e Tecnologico, Via della Lastruccia 13, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
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13
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Lalli C, Trabocchi A, Sladojevich F, Menchi G, Guarna A. Diversity-Oriented Synthesis of Morpholine-Containing Molecular Scaffolds. Chemistry 2009; 15:7871-7875. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.200900744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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14
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Xing L, Cheng C, Zhu R, Zhang B, Wang X, Hu Y. Self-modulated highly chemoselective direct-reductive-amination (DRA) of benzaldehydes straightforward to N-monosubstituted benzylamine hydrochlorides. Tetrahedron 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2008.09.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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15
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Sladojevich F, Trabocchi A, Guarna A. Stereoselective cyclopropanation of serine- and threonine-derived oxazines to access new morpholine-based scaffolds. Org Biomol Chem 2008; 6:3328-36. [PMID: 18802639 DOI: 10.1039/b808895k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A general strategy for the synthesis of novel, orthogonally protected scaffolds based on the unique 2-oxa-5-azabicyclo[4.1.0]heptane structure is presented. The described reaction sequence takes advantage of easily available starting materials such as serine and threonine and leads to stereochemically dense structures in few, high-yielding synthetic steps. We show how the stereochemistry can be easily tuned by starting from different beta-hydroxy-alpha-amino acids and also by means of a transition metal-catalyzed cyclopropanation step. The compounds find application as constrained templates for the construction of geometrically diversified libraries of compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filippo Sladojevich
- Department of Organic Chemistry Ugo Schiff, University of Florence, Polo Scientifico e Tecnologico, Via della Lastruccia 13, I-50019, Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy
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16
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Synthesis of a bicyclic δ-amino acid as a constrained Gly-Asn dipeptide isostere. Amino Acids 2008; 35:37-44. [DOI: 10.1007/s00726-007-0636-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2007] [Accepted: 11/06/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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17
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Trabocchi A, Lalli C, Guarna F, Guarna A. Diastereoselective Synthesis of Highly Constrained Spiro-β-Lactams by the Staudinger Reaction Using an Unsymmetrical Bicyclic Ketene. European J Org Chem 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200700260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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18
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Goubert M, Toupet L, Sinibaldi ME, Canet I. Synthetic studies towards 4,10-diaza-1,7-dioxaspiro[5.5]undecanes: access to 3-aza-6,8-dioxabicyclo[3.2.1]octan-2-one and 2H-1,4-oxazin-3(4H)-one frameworks. Tetrahedron 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2007.05.109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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19
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Boutefnouchet S, Moldvai I, Gács-Baitz E, Bello C, Vogel P. Synthesis and Glycosidase Inhibitory Activities of Pyrrolidines and Piperidines withN-(Polyhydroxyalkyl) Side Chains. European J Org Chem 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200700027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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20
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Danieli E, Trabocchi A, Menchi G, Guarna A. Synthesis and Conformational Analysis of Constrained β-Turn Mimetics Incorporating a Bicyclic Turn Inducer by Use of the Petasis Three-Component Reaction on Solid Phase. European J Org Chem 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200600650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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21
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Mannino C, Nievo M, Machetti F, Papakyriakou A, Calderone V, Fragai M, Guarna A. Synthesis of bicyclic molecular scaffolds (BTAa): An investigation towards new selective MMP-12 inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem 2006; 14:7392-403. [PMID: 16899369 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2006.07.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2006] [Revised: 07/03/2006] [Accepted: 07/10/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Starting from 3-aza-6,8-dioxa-bicyclo[3.2.1]octane scaffold (BTAa) a virtual library of molecules was generated and screened in silico against the crystal structure of the Human Macrophage Metalloelastase (MMP-12). The molecules obtaining high score were synthesized and the affinity for the catalytic domain of MMP-12 was experimentally proved by NMR experiments. A BTAa scaffold 20 having a N-hydroxyurea group in position 3 and a p-phenylbenzylcarboxy amide in position 7 showed a fair inhibition potency (IC50 = 149 microM) for MMP-12 and some selectivity towards five different MMPs. These results, taken together with the X-ray structure of the adduct between MMP-12, the inhibitor 20 and the acetohydroxamic acid (AHA), suggest that bicyclic scaffold derivatives may be exploited for the design of new selective matrix metalloproteinase inhibitors (MMPIs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Mannino
- Department of Organic Chemistry U. Schiff, University of Florence, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy
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22
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Cini N, Danieli E, Menchi G, Trabocchi A, Bottoncetti A, Raspanti S, Pupi A, Guarna A. 3-Aza-6,8-dioxabicyclo[3.2.1]octanes as new enantiopure heteroatom-rich tropane-like ligands of human dopamine transporter. Bioorg Med Chem 2006; 14:5110-20. [PMID: 16678430 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2006.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2006] [Revised: 04/03/2006] [Accepted: 04/04/2006] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
CNS diseases such as Parkinson, schizophrenia, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are characterized by a significant alteration of dopamine transporter (DAT) density. Thus, the development of compounds that are able to selectively interact with DAT is of great interest. Herein we describe the design and synthesis of a new set of 3-aza-6,8-dioxabicyclo[3.2.1]octanes having a tropane-like structure with additional heteroatoms at positions 3 and 6. The compounds were evaluated for their in vitro receptor binding properties toward human dopamine (hDAT) and serotonin (hSERT) transporters using [3H]WIN35,428 and [3H]citalopram as specific radioligands, respectively. Biological assays revealed that some compounds having the N-3 atom substituted with aryl groups possess significant affinity and selectivity for monoamine transporters, and in particular, compound 5d displayed an IC50 of 21 nM toward DAT, and a good selectivity toward SERT (IC50=1042 nM). These results suggest that 3-aryl-3-aza-6,8-dioxabicyclo[3.2.1]octanes may represent a new class of DAT ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicoletta Cini
- Dipartimento di Fisiopatologia Clinica, Unità di Medicina Nucleare, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Viale Pieraccini 6, I-50134 Firenze, Italy
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23
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Scarpi D, Stranges D, Trabocchi A, Guarna A. 3-Aza-8,10-dioxa-bicyclo[5.2.1]decane (9-exo BTKa) carboxylic acid as a new reverse turn inducer: synthesis and conformational analysis of a model peptide. Tetrahedron 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2005.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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24
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Trabocchi A, Rolla M, Menchi G, Guarna A. Synthesis of a constrained tricyclic scaffold based on trans-4-hydroxy-l-proline. Tetrahedron Lett 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2005.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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25
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Danieli E, Trabocchi A, Menchi G, Guarna A. Synthesis of Glycidol- and Sugar-Derived Bicyclic β- and γ/δ-Amino Acids for Peptidomimetic Design. European J Org Chem 2005. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200500386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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26
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Trabocchi A, Potenza D, Guarna A. Solvent-Dependent Conformational Behaviour of Model Tetrapeptides Containing a Bicyclic Proline Mimetic. European J Org Chem 2004. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200400359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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27
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Lee HB, Zaccaro MC, Pattarawarapan M, Roy S, Saragovi HU, Burgess K. Syntheses and activities of new C10 beta-turn peptidomimetics. J Org Chem 2004; 69:701-13. [PMID: 14750794 DOI: 10.1021/jo034167x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A program to identify small molecules that mimic or disrupt protein-protein interactions led us to design the peptidomimetics 1-3. Solid-phase syntheses of 1-3 were developed. The purities of the crude materials isolated from the resin tend to be highest for the S- and N-compounds 2 and 3 and better than in the corresponding syntheses of peptidomimetics A. The particular dipeptide units incorporated were chosen to correspond with the turn regions of the neurotrophins (e.g., nerve growth factor [NGF] and the neurotrophin factor-3 [NT-3]). Preliminary studies were performed to access the binding of these analogues to Trk receptors and their ability to induce cell survival (just as NGF and NT-3 do). Several active compounds were identified. However, poor water solubilities of some of the other compounds preclude reliable testing. Consequently, solid-phase modifications to the synthetic procedures were investigated to provide access to the derivatives 12-14 in which the aromatic nitro group is replaced by amine, guanidine, or sulfonamide functionalities. The latter are more acceptable pharmacophores than nitro groups and also tend to increase the water solubilities of the peptidomimetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Boon Lee
- Chemistry Department, Texas A & M University, P.O. Box 30012, College Station, Texas 77843-3012, USA
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28
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Scarpi D, Stranges D, Cecchi L, Guarna A. Synthesis of new molecular scaffolds: 3-aza-7,9-dioxa-bicyclo[4.2.1]nonane (8-exo BTKa) and 3-aza-8,10-dioxa-bicyclo[5.2.1]decane (9-exo BTKa) carboxylic acids. Tetrahedron 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2004.01.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Trabocchi A, Menchi G, Rolla M, Machetti F, Bucelli I, Guarna A. Enantiospecific synthesis of 3-aza-6,8-dioxa-bicyclo[3.2.1]octane carboxylic acids from erythrose. Tetrahedron 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4020(03)00773-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Machetti F, Bucelli I, Indiani G, Guarna A. Neat reaction of carboxylic acid methyl esters and amines for efficient parallel synthesis of scaffold amide libraries. CR CHIM 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s1631-0748(03)00097-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Guarna A, Bucelli I, Machetti F, Menchi G, Occhiato EG, Scarpi D, Trabocchi A. Synthesis of a new enantiopure bicyclic γ/δ-amino acid (BTKa) derived from tartaric acid and α-amino acetophenone. Tetrahedron 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4020(02)01297-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Cini N, Machetti F, Menchi G, Occhiato E, Guarna A. Bicyclic Compounds Derived from Tartaric Acid and α-Amino Acids (BTAas): Synthesis of New Molecular Scaffolds Derived from the Combination of (R,R)-Tartaric Acid andL-Serine. European J Org Chem 2002. [DOI: 10.1002/1099-0690(200203)2002:5<873::aid-ejoc873>3.0.co;2-v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Scarpi D, Occhiato EG, Trabocchi A, Leatherbarrow RJ, Brauer AB, Nievo M, Guarna A. Introduction of the new dipeptide isostere 7-endo-BtA as reverse turn inducer in a Bowman-Birk proteinase inhibitor: synthesis and conformational analysis. Bioorg Med Chem 2001; 9:1625-32. [PMID: 11408182 DOI: 10.1016/s0968-0896(01)00046-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Two dipeptide isosteres 7-exo-BTG (1) and 7-endo-BtA (2), belonging to the new class of gamma/delta-bicyclic amino acid BTAa, were inserted into an 11-residue peptide deriving from the Bowman Birk Inhibitor (BBI) class of serine protease inhibitors, and the conformational properties of these modified peptides have been studied by NMR and molecular modelling. The dipeptide isostere 7-endo-BtA [(1R,4S,5R,7R)-4-endo-methyl-6,8-dioxa-3-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octane-7-endo-carboxylic acid] (2), derived from L-alanine and meso tartaric acid, gave rise to the modified BBI peptide 5 whose structure was very similar to that of the original peptide 3, suggesting a possible reverse turn inducing property for this dipeptide isostere.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Scarpi
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College of Science Technology and Medicine, South Kensington, London SW7 2AY, UK
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Guarna A, Occhiato EG, Pizzetti M, Scarpi D, Sisi S, van Sterkenburg M. Stereoselective Meisenheimer rearrangement using BTAa's as chiral auxiliaries. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2000. [DOI: 10.1016/s0957-4166(00)00402-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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