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Elishav O, Mosevitzky Lis B, Miller EM, Arent DJ, Valera-Medina A, Grinberg Dana A, Shter GE, Grader GS. Progress and Prospective of Nitrogen-Based Alternative Fuels. Chem Rev 2020; 120:5352-5436. [PMID: 32501681 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.9b00538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Alternative fuels are essential to enable the transition to a sustainable and environmentally friendly energy supply. Synthetic fuels derived from renewable energies can act as energy storage media, thus mitigating the effects of fossil fuels on environment and health. Their economic viability, environmental impact, and compatibility with current infrastructure and technologies are fuel and power source specific. Nitrogen-based fuels pose one possible synthetic fuel pathway. In this review, we discuss the progress and current research on utilization of nitrogen-based fuels in power applications, covering the complete fuel cycle. We cover the production, distribution, and storage of nitrogen-based fuels. We assess much of the existing literature on the reactions involved in the ammonia to nitrogen atom pathway in nitrogen-based fuel combustion. Furthermore, we discuss nitrogen-based fuel applications ranging from combustion engines to gas turbines, as well as their exploitation by suggested end-uses. Thereby, we evaluate the potential opportunities and challenges of expanding the role of nitrogen-based molecules in the energy sector, outlining their use as energy carriers in relevant fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oren Elishav
- The Nancy and Stephen Grand Technion Energy Program, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Bar Mosevitzky Lis
- The Wolfson Department of Chemical Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Elisa M Miller
- Materials and Chemical Science and Technology Directorate, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 15013 Denver West Parkway, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Douglas J Arent
- National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 15013 Denver West Parkway, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Agustin Valera-Medina
- College of Physical Sciences and Engineering, Cardiff University, Wales, United Kingdom
| | - Alon Grinberg Dana
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Gennady E Shter
- The Wolfson Department of Chemical Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Gideon S Grader
- The Nancy and Stephen Grand Technion Energy Program, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel.,The Wolfson Department of Chemical Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
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González-Lavado E, Corchado JC, Espinosa-Garcia J. The hydrogen abstraction reaction O(3P) + CH4: a new analytical potential energy surface based on fit to ab initio calculations. J Chem Phys 2014; 140:064310. [PMID: 24527918 DOI: 10.1063/1.4864358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Based exclusively on high-level ab initio calculations, a new full-dimensional analytical potential energy surface (PES-2014) for the gas-phase reaction of hydrogen abstraction from methane by an oxygen atom is developed. The ab initio information employed in the fit includes properties (equilibrium geometries, relative energies, and vibrational frequencies) of the reactants, products, saddle point, points on the reaction path, and points on the reaction swath, taking especial caution respecting the location and characterization of the intermediate complexes in the entrance and exit channels. By comparing with the reference results we show that the resulting PES-2014 reproduces reasonably well the whole set of ab initio data used in the fitting, obtained at the CCSD(T) = FULL/aug-cc-pVQZ//CCSD(T) = FC/cc-pVTZ single point level, which represents a severe test of the new surface. As a first application, on this analytical surface we perform an extensive dynamics study using quasi-classical trajectory calculations, comparing the results with recent experimental and theoretical data. The excitation function increases with energy (concave-up) reproducing experimental and theoretical information, although our values are somewhat larger. The OH rotovibrational distribution is cold in agreement with experiment. Finally, our results reproduce experimental backward scattering distribution, associated to a rebound mechanism. These results lend confidence to the accuracy of the new surface, which substantially improves the results obtained with our previous surface (PES-2000) for the same system.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jose C Corchado
- Departamento de Química Física, Universidad de Extremadura, 06071 Badajoz, Spain
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Monge-Palacios M, Rangel C, Espinosa-Garcia J. Ab initio based potential energy surface and kinetics study of the OH + NH3 hydrogen abstraction reaction. J Chem Phys 2013; 138:084305. [PMID: 23464149 DOI: 10.1063/1.4792719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
A full-dimensional analytical potential energy surface (PES) for the OH + NH3 → H2O + NH2 gas-phase reaction was developed based exclusively on high-level ab initio calculations. This reaction presents a very complicated shape with wells along the reaction path. Using a wide spectrum of properties of the reactive system (equilibrium geometries, vibrational frequencies, and relative energies of the stationary points, topology of the reaction path, and points on the reaction swath) as reference, the resulting analytical PES reproduces reasonably well the input ab initio information obtained at the coupled-cluster single double triple (CCSD(T)) = FULL/aug-cc-pVTZ//CCSD(T) = FC/cc-pVTZ single point level, which represents a severe test of the new surface. As a first application, on this analytical PES we perform an extensive kinetics study using variational transition-state theory with semiclassical transmission coefficients over a wide temperature range, 200-2000 K. The forward rate constants reproduce the experimental measurements, while the reverse ones are slightly underestimated. However, the detailed analysis of the experimental equilibrium constants (from which the reverse rate constants are obtained) permits us to conclude that the experimental reverse rate constants must be re-evaluated. Another severe test of the new surface is the analysis of the kinetic isotope effects (KIEs), which were not included in the fitting procedure. The KIEs reproduce the values obtained from ab initio calculations in the common temperature range, although unfortunately no experimental information is available for comparison.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Monge-Palacios
- Departamento de Química Física, Universidad de Extremadura, 06071 Badajoz, Spain
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Rockafellow EM, Koziel JA, Jenks WS. Laboratory-scale investigation of UV treatment of ammonia for livestock and poultry barn exhaust applications. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY 2012; 41:281-288. [PMID: 22218196 DOI: 10.2134/jeq2010.0536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The feasibility of using deep ultraviolet (UV) treatment for abatement of ammonia (NH(3)) in livestock and poultry barn exhaust air was examined in a series of laboratory-scale experiments. These experiments simulated moving exhaust air through an irradiation chamber with variables of UV wavelength and dose, NH(3) concentrations, humidity, and presence of hydrogen sulfide (H(2)S). Ammonia, initially at relevant barn exhaust concentrations in air, was substantially or completely reduced by irradiation with 185 nm light. Reactions were monitored using chemiluminescence detection, gas chromatography with mass spectrometry detection, and Fourier transform infrared spectrometry, of which the latter was found to be the most informative and flexible. Detected nitrogen-containing products included N(2)O, NH(4)NO(3), and HNO(3). It was presumed that atomic oxygen is the primary photochemical product that begins the oxidative cascade. The data show that removal of NH(3) is plausible, but they highlight concerns over pollution swapping due to formation of ozone and N(2)O.
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Troya D, Mosch M, O’Neill KA. Ab Initio and Dynamics Study of the O(3P) + NH3 and O(3P) + N2H4 Reactions at Hyperthermal Collision Energies. J Phys Chem A 2009; 113:13863-70. [DOI: 10.1021/jp9072747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Diego Troya
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Tech, 107 Davidson Hall, Blacksburg Virginia 24061-0212
| | - Marianne Mosch
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Tech, 107 Davidson Hall, Blacksburg Virginia 24061-0212
| | - Kayleigh A. O’Neill
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Tech, 107 Davidson Hall, Blacksburg Virginia 24061-0212
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Imrik K, Kovacs G, Fejes I, Szilagyi I, Sarzyński D, Dóbé S, Bérces T, Marta F, Espinosa-García J. Absolute and Relative-Rate Kinetics Experiments and Direct Dynamics Computations for the Reaction of Br Atoms with CH2ClBr. J Phys Chem A 2006; 110:6821-32. [PMID: 16722698 DOI: 10.1021/jp0563078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Kinetics of the reaction Br + CH2ClBr <--> CHClBr + HBr (1, -1) were studied experimentally in the forward direction. The absolute reaction kinetics method of laser flash photolysis coupled with Br atom resonance fluorescence detection and three different relative-rate methods with gas-chromatographic analysis were applied to carry out the experiments. The rate constants determined were found to obey the Arrhenius law in the wide temperature range of T = 293-785 K providing the kinetic expression k1 = (2.8 +/- 0.1) x 10(13) exp[-(47.6 +/- 0.3) kJ mol(-1)/RT] cm3 mol(-1) s(-1) (the errors given refer to 1sigma precision). An ab initio direct dynamics method was used to study reaction (1, -1) theoretically. The electronic structure information including geometries, gradients, and force constants was obtained at the MP2 level of theory; and energies were improved at higher theoretical levels. Rate constants were calculated using the canonical variational transition state theory with small-curvature tunneling correction over the temperature range 200-1000 K. Theory substantially underestimates k1 compared to experiment. The agreement was found good with k(-1) reported previously predicting positive temperature dependence. The experimental kinetic parameters were utilized in thermochemical calculations yielding the recommended standard enthalpy of formation of delta(f)H degrees (298) (CHClBr) = (140 +/- 4) kJ mol(-1) (with 2sigma accuracy given).
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Affiliation(s)
- K Imrik
- Chemical Research Center, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Pusztaszeri út 59-67, Budapest H-1025, Hungary
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Wang L, Mebel AM, Yang X, Wang X. Ab Initio/RRKM Study of the O(1D) + NH3 Reaction: Prediction of Product Branching Ratios. J Phys Chem A 2004. [DOI: 10.1021/jp0458452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ling Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Dalian 116023, People's Republic of China, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, and Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, P.O. Box 23-166, Taipei 10764, Taiwan
| | - Alexander M. Mebel
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Dalian 116023, People's Republic of China, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, and Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, P.O. Box 23-166, Taipei 10764, Taiwan
| | - Xueming Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Dalian 116023, People's Republic of China, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, and Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, P.O. Box 23-166, Taipei 10764, Taiwan
| | - Xiuyan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Dalian 116023, People's Republic of China, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, and Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, P.O. Box 23-166, Taipei 10764, Taiwan
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Pei K, Li H. Ab initio and kinetic calculations for the reactions of Cl with SiHnCl4−n (n=1,2,3,4). J Chem Phys 2004; 121:6738-42. [PMID: 15473729 DOI: 10.1063/1.1788651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The direct hydrogen abstraction reactions of Cl atom with SiH(n)Cl(4-n) (n=1,2,3,4) have been studied systematically using ab initio molecular orbital theory. Geometries have been optimized at the MP2 level with 6-311+G(d) basis set, QCISD(T)/6-311+G(d,p) has been used in the final single point energy calculation. The kinetic calculations of these reactions have been explored using the canonical variational transition (CVT) state theory method with small-curvature tunneling (SCT) effect correction over the temperature range of 200-2000 K. The CVT/SCT rate constants exhibit typical non-Arrhenius behavior and three-parameter rate-temperature formulas have been fitted for the reactions of Cl with SiH4, SiH3Cl, SiH2Cl2, and SiHCl3, respectively (in unit of cm(3) molecule(-1) s(-1)). The calculated CVT/SCT rate constants are in agreement with the available experimental values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kemei Pei
- Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, People's Republic of China
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Rangel C, Navarrete M, Corchado J, Espinosa-Garcı́a J. Mechanism and kinetics of the n-propyl bromide and OH reaction using integrated ab initio methods and variational transition-state theory. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theochem.2004.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Theoretical study on the reaction path dynamics and rate constants for the hydrogen-abstraction reaction of atomic O (3P) with CH2FCl. Chem Phys Lett 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2003.11.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Abstract
The reactivity of the hydroperoxyl radical with coenzyme Q, as a prototypical chemical reaction involved in biological antioxidant actions, was studied theoretically. Two pathways were analyzed: the hydrogen abstraction reaction from the phenolic hydrogen on the reduced form (ubiquinol), and OOH addition on the oxidized form (ubiquinone). Optimized geometries, harmonic vibrational frequencies, and energies of the stationary points (reactants, intermediate complexes, transition states, and products) for each pathway were calculated at the BHandHLYP/6-31G level of theory. The reaction paths for the two mechanisms were traced independently, and the respective thermal rate constants were calculated using variational transition-state theory with multidimensional small-curvature tunneling. We found that the reactivity of the OOH radical is dominated by the hydrogen abstraction mechanism on ubiquinol, with a rate constant of 5.32 x 10(5) M(-1) s(-1), at 298 K. This result strongly contrasts with that, also obtained by our group, for the more reactive OH radical, which attacks ubiquinone by an addition mechanism, with a diffusion-controlled rate of 6.25 x 10(10) M(-1) s(-1), at 298 K.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joaquín Espinosa-García
- Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Extremadura, 06071 Badajoz, Spain.
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Zhang Q, Wang S, Gu Y. A theoretical investigation on the mechanism and kinetics for the reaction of atomic O(3P) with CH3CHCl2. J Chem Phys 2003. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1622928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Zhang Q, Gu Y, Wang S. Theoretical studies on the variational transitional state theory rate constants for the hydrogen abstraction reaction of O (3P) with CH3Cl and CH2Cl2. J Chem Phys 2003. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1592491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Wang S, Zhang Q, Gu Y. Theoretical study on the abstract reaction of O(3P) with CHFCl2. Chem Phys Lett 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0009-2614(03)00585-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Zhang Q, Gu Y, Wang S. Theoretical Investigation on the Mechanism and Thermal Rate Constants for the Reaction of Atomic O (3P) with CHF2Cl. J Phys Chem A 2003. [DOI: 10.1021/jp021256p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qingzhu Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, P. R. China
| | - Yueshu Gu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, P. R. China
| | - Shaokun Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, P. R. China
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Espinosa-García J. Ab Initio and Variational Transition-State Theory Study of the CF3CF2OCH3+ OH Reaction Using Integrated Methods: Mechanism and Kinetics. J Phys Chem A 2003. [DOI: 10.1021/jp021700o] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Zhang Q, Gu Y, Wang S. Kinetic and mechanistic studies on the abstraction reactions of atomic O (3P) with (CH3)2SiH2 and (CH3)3SiH. J Chem Phys 2003. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1523904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Espinosa-García J. Reaction-Path Dynamics Calculations Using Integrated Methods. The CF3CH3 + OH Hydrogen Abstraction Reaction. J Phys Chem A 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/jp0145513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. Espinosa-García
- Departamento de Química Física, Universidad de Extremadura, 06071 Badajoz, Spain
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Direct ab initio and kinetic calculation for the abstraction reaction of atomic O (3P) with CH3Br. Chem Phys Lett 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0009-2614(01)01507-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Espinosa-García J. Capability of LEP-Type Surfaces To Describe Noncollinear Reactions. 2. Polyatomic Systems. J Phys Chem A 2001. [DOI: 10.1021/jp011594a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. Espinosa-García
- Departamento de Química Física, Universidad de Extremadura, 06071 Badajoz, Spain
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