1
|
Wang X, Li H, Shan C, Pan B. Construction of model platforms to probe the confinement effect of nanocomposite-enabled water treatment. CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL ADVANCES 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ceja.2021.100229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
|
2
|
Kim H, Gao S, Hahm MG, Ahn CW, Jung HY, Jung YJ. Graphitic Nanocup Architectures for Advanced Nanotechnology Applications. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 10:E1862. [PMID: 32957578 PMCID: PMC7558418 DOI: 10.3390/nano10091862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis of controllable hollow graphitic architectures can engender revolutionary changes in nanotechnology. Here, we present the synthesis, processing, and possible applications of low aspect ratio hollow graphitic nanoscale architectures that can be precisely engineered into morphologies of (1) continuous carbon nanocups, (2) branched carbon nanocups, and (3) carbon nanotubes-carbon nanocups hybrid films. These complex graphitic nanocup-architectures could be fabricated by using a highly designed short anodized alumina oxide nanochannels, followed by a thermal chemical vapor deposition of carbon. The highly porous film of nanocups is mechanically flexible, highly conductive, and optically transparent, making the film attractive for various applications such as multifunctional and high-performance electrodes for energy storage devices, nanoscale containers for nanogram quantities of materials, and nanometrology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyehee Kim
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (H.K.); (S.G.)
| | - Sen Gao
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (H.K.); (S.G.)
| | - Myung Gwan Hahm
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Inha University, 100 Inharo, Michuhol-gu, Incheon 22212, Korea;
| | - Chi Won Ahn
- National Nanofab Center, KAIST, 291 Daehak-Ro, Yusung-Gu, Daejeon 34141, Korea;
| | - Hyun Young Jung
- Department of Energy Engineering, Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology, Jinju-si, Gyeongnam 52725, Korea;
| | - Yung Joon Jung
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (H.K.); (S.G.)
- National Nanofab Center, KAIST, 291 Daehak-Ro, Yusung-Gu, Daejeon 34141, Korea;
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Corletto A, Shapter JG. Nanoscale Patterning of Carbon Nanotubes: Techniques, Applications, and Future. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2020; 8:2001778. [PMID: 33437571 PMCID: PMC7788638 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202001778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Carbon nanotube (CNT) devices and electronics are achieving maturity and directly competing or surpassing devices that use conventional materials. CNTs have demonstrated ballistic conduction, minimal scaling effects, high current capacity, low power requirements, and excellent optical/photonic properties; making them the ideal candidate for a new material to replace conventional materials in next-generation electronic and photonic systems. CNTs also demonstrate high stability and flexibility, allowing them to be used in flexible, printable, and/or biocompatible electronics. However, a major challenge to fully commercialize these devices is the scalable placement of CNTs into desired micro/nanopatterns and architectures to translate the superior properties of CNTs into macroscale devices. Precise and high throughput patterning becomes increasingly difficult at nanoscale resolution, but it is essential to fully realize the benefits of CNTs. The relatively long, high aspect ratio structures of CNTs must be preserved to maintain their functionalities, consequently making them more difficult to pattern than conventional materials like metals and polymers. This review comprehensively explores the recent development of innovative CNT patterning techniques with nanoscale lateral resolution. Each technique is critically analyzed and applications for the nanoscale-resolution approaches are demonstrated. Promising techniques and the challenges ahead for future devices and applications are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Corletto
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and NanotechnologyThe University of QueenslandBrisbaneQueensland4072Australia
| | - Joseph G. Shapter
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and NanotechnologyThe University of QueenslandBrisbaneQueensland4072Australia
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Catalytic Dry Reforming and Cracking of Ethylene for Carbon Nanofilaments and Hydrogen Production Using a Catalyst Derived from a Mining Residue. Catalysts 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/catal9121069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, iron-rich mining residue (UGSO) was used as a support to prepare a new Ni-based catalyst via a solid-state reaction protocol. Ni-UGSO with different Ni weight percentages wt.% (5, 10, and 13) were tested for C2H4 dry reforming (DR) and catalytic cracking (CC) after activation with H2. The reactions were conducted in a differential fixed-bed reactor at 550–750 °C and standard atmospheric pressure, using 0.5 g of catalyst. Pure gases were fed at a molar ratio of C2H4/CO2 = 3 for the DR reaction and C2H4/Ar = 3 for the CC reaction. The flow rate is defined by a GHSV = 4800 mLSTP/h.gcat. The catalyst performance is evaluated by calculating the C2H4 conversion as well as carbon and H2 yields. All fresh, activated, and spent catalysts, as well as deposited carbon, were characterized by Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry (EDX), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), temperature programmed reduction (TPR), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The results so far show that the highest carbon and H2 yields are obtained with Ni-UGSO 13% at 750 °C for the CC reaction and at 650 °C for the DR reaction. The deposited carbon was found to be filamentous and of various sizes (i.e., diameters and lengths). The analyses of the results show that iron is responsible for the growth of carbon nanofilaments (CNF) and nickel is responsible for the split of C–C bonds. In terms of conversion and yield efficiencies, the performance of the catalytic formulations tested is proven at least equivalent to other Ni-based catalyst performances described by the literature.
Collapse
|
5
|
Venkataraman A, Amadi EV, Chen Y, Papadopoulos C. Carbon Nanotube Assembly and Integration for Applications. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2019; 14:220. [PMID: 31263975 PMCID: PMC6603253 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-019-3046-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/10/2019] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have attracted significant interest due to their unique combination of properties including high mechanical strength, large aspect ratios, high surface area, distinct optical characteristics, high thermal and electrical conductivity, which make them suitable for a wide range of applications in areas from electronics (transistors, energy production and storage) to biotechnology (imaging, sensors, actuators and drug delivery) and other applications (displays, photonics, composites and multi-functional coatings/films). Controlled growth, assembly and integration of CNTs is essential for the practical realization of current and future nanotube applications. This review focuses on progress to date in the field of CNT assembly and integration for various applications. CNT synthesis based on arc-discharge, laser ablation and chemical vapor deposition (CVD) including details of tip-growth and base-growth models are first introduced. Advances in CNT structural control (chirality, diameter and junctions) using methods such as catalyst conditioning, cloning, seed-, and template-based growth are then explored in detail, followed by post-growth CNT purification techniques using selective surface chemistry, gel chromatography and density gradient centrifugation. Various assembly and integration techniques for multiple CNTs based on catalyst patterning, forest growth and composites are considered along with their alignment/placement onto different substrates using photolithography, transfer printing and different solution-based techniques such as inkjet printing, dielectrophoresis (DEP) and spin coating. Finally, some of the challenges in current and emerging applications of CNTs in fields such as energy storage, transistors, tissue engineering, drug delivery, electronic cryptographic keys and sensors are considered.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anusha Venkataraman
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Victoria, P.O. Box 1700 STN CSC, Victoria, BC V8W 2Y2 Canada
| | - Eberechukwu Victoria Amadi
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Victoria, P.O. Box 1700 STN CSC, Victoria, BC V8W 2Y2 Canada
| | - Yingduo Chen
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Victoria, P.O. Box 1700 STN CSC, Victoria, BC V8W 2Y2 Canada
| | - Chris Papadopoulos
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Victoria, P.O. Box 1700 STN CSC, Victoria, BC V8W 2Y2 Canada
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Zheng X, Cao X, Li X, Tian J, Jin C, Yang R. Biomass lysine-derived nitrogen-doped carbon hollow cubes via a NaCl crystal template: an efficient bifunctional electrocatalyst for oxygen reduction and evolution reactions. NANOSCALE 2017; 9:1059-1067. [PMID: 27824190 DOI: 10.1039/c6nr07380h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen-doped carbon hollow cubes (NCHCs) are fabricated from biomass l-lysine monohydrochloride via a facile and low-cost NaCl template process, showing efficient bifunctional electrocatalytic activities towards the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER). The resultant lysine-derived carbon hollow cubes with hierarchical pores on the wall are conducive to mass transport and high utilization of nitrogen dopant-induced active sites during the electrocatalytic process. When used as electrocatalysts for the ORR, an onset potential of 0.92 V vs. RHE has been achieved for NCHCs. A negative shift of only 61 mV exists in the half-wave potential of NCHCs compared to that of the commercial Pt/C (20 wt%). Moreover, the NCHCs show high activity for the OER comparable to that of commercial RuO2/C (20 wt%). The sustainable conversion of biomass lysine to heteroatom-doped carbon hollow cubes and the recyclability of the NaCl template allow a scalable production and practical application of carbon materials for energy storage and conversion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiangjun Zheng
- College of Physical, Optoelectronics and Energy & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China. and Institute of Chemical Power Sources, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Xuecheng Cao
- College of Physical, Optoelectronics and Energy & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China. and Institute of Chemical Power Sources, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Xiaowei Li
- College of Physical, Optoelectronics and Energy & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China. and Institute of Chemical Power Sources, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Jinghua Tian
- College of Physical, Optoelectronics and Energy & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China.
| | - Chao Jin
- College of Physical, Optoelectronics and Energy & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China.
| | - Ruizhi Yang
- College of Physical, Optoelectronics and Energy & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China. and Institute of Chemical Power Sources, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Tang J, Wu S, Wang T, Gong H, Zhang H, Alshehri SM, Ahamad T, Zhou H, Yamauchi Y. Cage-Type Highly Graphitic Porous Carbon-Co3O4 Polyhedron as the Cathode of Lithium-Oxygen Batteries. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:2796-2804. [PMID: 26788868 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b11252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
A novel cage-type highly graphitic porous carbon-Co3O4 (GPC-Co3O4) polyhedron was designed and successfully prepared for the first time by executing a two-step annealing of core-shell structured metal-organic frameworks (MOFs). The low graphitic carbon cores were selectively removed during the secondary annealing in air atmospheres, leaving the interior voids due to their lower thermal stability compared with the graphitic carbon shells. Inspired by the unique properties of the cage-type GPC-Co3O4 polyhedron, GPC-Co3O4 was assembled as an oxygen electrode for a rechargeable Li-O2 battery without the additional conductive agent. The efficient generation of Li2O2 during discharging and the reversible decomposition of Li2O2 during charging were clearly observed by XRD patterns and SEM images. The GPC-Co3O4 polyhedron integrates the beneficial properties, including high electronic conductivity, the rigid cage-type structure consisting of the mesoporous walls and interior void space, as well as the uniformly embedded catalytically active Co3O4 nanoparticles. As a result, the GPC-Co3O4 cathode displays a low charge overpotential of 0.58 V, a good rate capability, and a long cycle life in a Li-O2 battery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Tang
- World Premier International (WPI) Research Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS) , 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Waseda University , 3-4-1 Okubo, Shinjuku, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan
| | - Shichao Wu
- Energy Technology Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) , 1-1-1, Umezono, Tsukuba 305-8568, Japan
| | - Tao Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Materials and Technology for Energy Conversion, College of Materials Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics , Nanjing 210016, China
| | - Hao Gong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Materials and Technology for Energy Conversion, College of Materials Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics , Nanjing 210016, China
| | - Huabin Zhang
- World Premier International (WPI) Research Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS) , 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan
| | - Saad M Alshehri
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University , Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tansir Ahamad
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University , Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Haoshen Zhou
- Energy Technology Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) , 1-1-1, Umezono, Tsukuba 305-8568, Japan
| | - Yusuke Yamauchi
- World Premier International (WPI) Research Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS) , 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Waseda University , 3-4-1 Okubo, Shinjuku, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University , Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Zhong X, Yuan W, Kang Y, Xie J, Hu F, Li CM. Biomass-Derived Hierarchical Nanoporous Carbon with Rich Functional Groups for Direct-Electron-Transfer-Based Glucose Sensing. ChemElectroChem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.201500351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoling Zhong
- Institute for Clean energy & Advanced Materials; Faculty of Materials & Energy; Southwest University; Chongqing 400715 China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Technologies of Clean Energies; Chongqing 400715 China
| | - Weiyong Yuan
- Institute for Clean energy & Advanced Materials; Faculty of Materials & Energy; Southwest University; Chongqing 400715 China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Technologies of Clean Energies; Chongqing 400715 China
| | - Yuejun Kang
- Institute for Clean energy & Advanced Materials; Faculty of Materials & Energy; Southwest University; Chongqing 400715 China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Technologies of Clean Energies; Chongqing 400715 China
| | - Jiale Xie
- Institute for Clean energy & Advanced Materials; Faculty of Materials & Energy; Southwest University; Chongqing 400715 China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Technologies of Clean Energies; Chongqing 400715 China
| | - Fangxin Hu
- Institute for Clean energy & Advanced Materials; Faculty of Materials & Energy; Southwest University; Chongqing 400715 China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Technologies of Clean Energies; Chongqing 400715 China
| | - Chang Ming Li
- Institute for Clean energy & Advanced Materials; Faculty of Materials & Energy; Southwest University; Chongqing 400715 China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Technologies of Clean Energies; Chongqing 400715 China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Ahmad I, Yazdani B, Zhu Y. Recent Advances on Carbon Nanotubes and Graphene Reinforced Ceramics Nanocomposites. NANOMATERIALS 2015; 5:90-114. [PMID: 28347001 PMCID: PMC5312854 DOI: 10.3390/nano5010090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2014] [Accepted: 01/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Ceramics suffer the curse of extreme brittleness and demand new design philosophies and novel concepts of manufacturing to overcome such intrinsic drawbacks, in order to take advantage of most of their excellent properties. This has been one of the foremost challenges for ceramic material experts. Tailoring the ceramics structures at nanometre level has been a leading research frontier; whilst upgrading via reinforcing ceramic matrices with nanomaterials including the latest carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and graphene has now become an eminent practice for advanced applications. Most recently, several new strategies have indeed improved the properties of the ceramics/CNT nanocomposites, such as by tuning with dopants, new dispersions routes and modified sintering methods. The utilisation of graphene in ceramic nanocomposites, either as a solo reinforcement or as a hybrid with CNTs, is the newest development. This article will summarise the recent advances, key difficulties and potential applications of the ceramics nanocomposites reinforced with CNTs and graphene.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Iftikhar Ahmad
- Center of Excellence for Research in Engineering Materials, Advanced Manufacturing Institute, King Saud University, Riyadh 11421, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Bahareh Yazdani
- College of Engineering, Mathematics and Physical Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4QF, UK.
| | - Yanqiu Zhu
- College of Engineering, Mathematics and Physical Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4QF, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Chemical and Structural Modifications of Nanoporous Alumina and Its Optical Properties. ELECTROCHEMICALLY ENGINEERED NANOPOROUS MATERIALS 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-20346-1_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
|
11
|
Li Y, Ng HW, Gates BD, Menon C. Material versatility using replica molding for large-scale fabrication of high aspect-ratio, high density arrays of nano-pillars. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2014; 25:285303. [PMID: 24971845 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/25/28/285303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Arrays of high aspect-ratio (AR) nano-pillars have attracted a lot of interest for various applications, such as for use in solar cells, surface acoustic sensors, tissue engineering, bio-inspired adhesives and anti-reflective surfaces. Each application may require a different structural material, which can vary in the required chemical composition and mechanical properties. In this paper, a low cost fabrication procedure is proposed for large scale, high AR and high density arrays of nano-pillars. The proposed method enables the replication of a master with high fidelity, using the subsequent replica molds multiple times, and preparing arrays of nano-pillars in a variety of different materials. As an example applied to bio-inspired dry adhesion, polymeric arrays of nano-pillars are prepared in this work. Thermoset and thermoplastic nano-pillar arrays are examined using an atomic force microscope to assess their adhesion strength and its uniformity. Results indicate the proposed method is robust and can be used to reliably prepare nano-structures with a high AR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y Li
- MENRVA Research Group, School of Engineering Science, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Segura RA, Contreras C, Henriquez R, Häberle P, Acuña JJS, Adrian A, Alvarez P, Hevia SA. Gold nanoparticles grown inside carbon nanotubes: synthesis and electrical transport measurements. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2014; 9:207. [PMID: 24910571 PMCID: PMC4029962 DOI: 10.1186/1556-276x-9-207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2014] [Accepted: 04/17/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The hybrid structures composed of gold nanoparticles and carbon nanotubes were prepared using porous alumina membranes as templates. Carbon nanotubes were synthesized inside the pores of these templates by the non-catalytic decomposition of acetylene. The inner cavity of the supported tubes was used as nanoreactors to grow gold particles by impregnation with a gold salt, followed by a calcination-reduction process. The samples were characterized by transmission electron microscopy and X-ray energy dispersion spectroscopy techniques. The resulting hybrid products are mainly encapsulated gold nanoparticles with different shapes and dimensions depending on the concentration of the gold precursor and the impregnation procedure. In order to understand the electronic transport mechanisms in these nanostructures, their conductance was measured as a function of temperature. The samples exhibit a 'non-metallic' temperature dependence where the dominant electron transport mechanism is 1D hopping. Depending on the impregnation procedure, the inclusion of gold nanoparticles inside the CNTs can introduce significant changes in the structure of the tubes and the mechanisms for electronic transport. The electrical resistance of these hybrid structures was monitored under different gas atmospheres at ambient pressure. Using this hybrid nanostructures, small amounts of acetylene and hydrogen were detected with an increased sensibility compared with pristine carbon nanotubes. Although the sensitivity of these hybrid nanostructures is rather low compared to alternative sensing elements, their response is remarkably fast under changing gas atmospheres.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo A Segura
- Instituto de Química y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Av. Gran Bretaña 1111, Valparaíso 2340000, Chile
| | - Claudia Contreras
- Instituto de Química y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Av. Gran Bretaña 1111, Valparaíso 2340000, Chile
| | - Ricardo Henriquez
- Departamento de Física, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Avenida España 1680, Valparaíso 2390123, Chile
| | - Patricio Häberle
- Departamento de Física, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Avenida España 1680, Valparaíso 2390123, Chile
| | - José Javier S Acuña
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal do ABC, Rua Santa Adélia 166, Santo André, Sao Paulo 09210-170, Brazil
| | - Alvaro Adrian
- Instituto de Física, Facultad de Física, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Vicuña Mackena 4860, Santiago 6904411, Chile
| | - Pedro Alvarez
- Instituto de Física, Facultad de Física, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Vicuña Mackena 4860, Santiago 6904411, Chile
| | - Samuel A Hevia
- Instituto de Física, Facultad de Física, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Vicuña Mackena 4860, Santiago 6904411, Chile
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Zhang C, Yan Y, Sheng Zhao Y, Yao J. Synthesis and applications of organic nanorods, nanowires and nanotubes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3pc90002a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
|
14
|
Evaluating the effects of operating conditions on the quantity, quality and catalyzed growth mechanisms of CNTs. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcata.2012.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
15
|
|
16
|
Huang B, van de Ven TGM, Hill RJ. Preparation and characterization of multilayered polymer nanotube dispersions. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2011; 27:11416-11429. [PMID: 21823640 DOI: 10.1021/la203033s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Despite considerable efforts to synthesize nanotubes using porous alumina or polycarbonate membrane templates, few studies have addressed the resulting nanotube dispersion. We prepared dispersions of multilayered polyethylenimine/maleic anhydride alternating copolymer (PEI/MAAC) nanotubes synthesized with porous alumina templates. After mechanical polishing to remove the residual polymer surface layer from templates and subsequent template dissolution, the multilayered PEI/MAAC nanotubes were easily dispersed in water at neutral pH by polyelectrolyte adsorption, producing nanotube dispersions that were stable for at least 3 months. We characterized the dispersions using phase-contrast optical microscopy, electro-optics, electrophoresis, and viscometry to help understand their colloidal properties in the dilute and semidilute regimes. The dispersions were resistant to salt-induced aggregation up to at least 1 mM NaCl and were optically anisotropic when subjected to an electric field or flow. Interestingly, the electrophoretic mobility of polystyrene sulfonate (PSS)-stabilized nanotubes increases with increasing ionic strength, because of the high surface charge and softness of the adsorbed polyelectrolyte. Furthermore, unlike many rod-like colloid systems, the polymer nanotube dispersion has low viscosity because of weak rotary Brownian motions and strong tendency to shear thinning. At the high shear rates achieved in capillary viscometry experiments, however, we observed a slight shear thickening, which can be attributed to transient hydrocluster formation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bin Huang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Centre for Self-Assembled Chemical Structures, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2B2, Canada
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Ciambelli P, Arurault L, Sarno M, Fontorbes S, Leone C, Datas L, Sannino D, Lenormand P, Du Plouy SLB. Controlled growth of CNT in mesoporous AAO through optimized conditions for membrane preparation and CVD operation. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2011; 22:265613. [PMID: 21576783 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/22/26/265613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Anodic aluminium oxide (RAAO) membranes with a mesoporous structure were prepared under strictly controlling experimental process conditions, and physically and chemically characterized by a wide range of experimental techniques. Commercial anodic aluminium oxide (CAAO) membranes were also investigated for comparison. We demonstrated that RAAO membranes have lower content of both water and phosphorus and showed better porosity shape than CAAO. The RAAO membranes were used for template growth of carbon nanotubes (CNT) inside its pores by ethylene chemical vapour deposition (CVD) in the absence of a catalyst. A composite material, containing one nanotube for each channel, having the same length as the membrane thickness and an external diameter close to the diameter of the membrane holes, was obtained. Yield, selectivity and quality of CNTs in terms of diameter, length and arrangement (i.e. number of tubes for each channel) were optimized by investigating the effect of changing the experimental conditions for the CVD process. We showed that upon thermal treatment RAAO membranes were made up of crystallized allotropic alumina phases, which govern the subsequent CNT growth, because of their catalytic activity, likely due to their Lewis acidity. The strict control of experimental conditions for membrane preparation and CNT growth allowed us to enhance the carbon structural order, which is a critical requisite for CNT application as a substitute for copper in novel nano-interconnects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P Ciambelli
- Department of Chemical and Food Engineering, University of Salerno, Fisciano (SA), Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Liu B, Bando Y, Jiang X, Li C, Fang X, Zeng H, Terao T, Tang C, Mitome M, Golberg D. Self-assembled ZnS nanowire arrays: synthesis, in situ Cu doping and field emission. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2010; 21:375601. [PMID: 20714051 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/21/37/375601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Well-aligned single-crystalline ZnS nanowire arrays have been grown on highly conductive Cu substrates through controlling the morphology evolution of self-patterned ZnS nanoparticles. The ZnS nanowires have sharp tips with an average size of approximately 30 nm and a length of approximately 3 microm. Field emission measurements demonstrated that the aligned ZnS nanowires grown on Cu substrates are excellent field emitters having a turn-on field as low as 2.92 V microm(-1) and a field-enhancement factor as high as 3400. The use of highly conductive metal substrate may promote the commercial applications of ZnS-based emitters in flat panel displays and other optoelectronic devices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Baodan Liu
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Le Coz F, Arurault L, Fontorbes S, Vilar V, Datas L, Winterton P. Chemical composition and structural changes of porous templates obtained by anodising aluminium in phosphoric acid electrolyte. SURF INTERFACE ANAL 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/sia.3199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
|
20
|
Tao C, Yang S, Zhang J. Template-synthesized Protein Nanotubes with Controlled Size Based on Layer-by-layer Method. CHINESE J CHEM 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.201090075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
|
21
|
Bai R, Ouyang M, Zhou RJ, Shi MM, Wang M, Chen HZ. Well-defined nanoarrays from an n-type organic perylene-diimide derivative for photoconductive devices. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2008; 19:055604. [PMID: 21817612 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/19/05/055604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Well-defined one-dimensional (1D) perylene-diimide derivative (PDD) nanowire arrays were prepared via a simple electrophoretic deposition method by using anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) templates. The morphology of the as-deposited films was characterized by field emission scanning electron microscope and transmission electron microscopy. The highly ordered nanoarrays were free-standing after removing the AAO supports. Further studies revealed that the growth process of the nanowires in the AAO pores followed a 'bottom-up' growth model. A photoreceptor with PDD nanowire arrays as the charge generation layer was fabricated. It exhibited a better photoconductivity under light illumination when compared to that of its bulk counterpart. Our results suggested that electron-accepting PDD nanowire arrays can be used as a potential candidate for photoconduction devices, which would facilitate further exploration of new technological applications of the photoimaging process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ru Bai
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, People's Republic of China. Key Laboratory of Macromolecule Synthesis and Functionalization at Zhejiang University, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou 310027, People's Republic of China
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Avila-Brande D, Urones-Garrote E, Katcho NA, Lomba E, Gómez-Herrero A, Landa-Cánovas AR, Carlos Otero-Díaz L. Electron microscopy characterization of nanostructured carbon obtained from chlorination of metallocenes and metal carbides. Micron 2007; 38:335-45. [PMID: 16889969 DOI: 10.1016/j.micron.2006.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
In this work we report some new well-defined carbon nanostructures produced by direct chlorination of metallocenes (ferrocene and cobaltocene) and NbC, at temperatures from 100 to 900 degrees C. Thus, amorphous carbon nanotubes with variable dimensions depending on reaction temperature were produced from ferrocene. When cobaltocene is the carbon precursor the main product are solid amorphous nanospheres. The high refractory metal carbide NbC as carbon source favours the growth of nanospherical cabbage-like particles with a higher degree of graphene sheets order. Besides, NbC crystallites encapsulated in an amorphous carbon shell were also found at lower temperatures (T< or =700 degrees C).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David Avila-Brande
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense, Madrid E-28040, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Wang H, Xu C, Cheng F, Jiang S. Pd nanowire arrays as electrocatalysts for ethanol electrooxidation. Electrochem commun 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.elecom.2007.01.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
|
24
|
Huang CH, Chang YH, Wang HW, Cheng S, Lee CY, Chiu HT. Formation of Porous Carbon Materials with in Situ Generated NaF Nanotemplate. J Phys Chem B 2006; 110:11818-22. [PMID: 16800483 DOI: 10.1021/jp0618835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Porous carbon materials with pore sizes from 3 to 200 nm were synthesized by reacting hexafluorobenzene with Na liquid at 623 K. NaF crystals, a byproduct formed in the reaction, acted as nanotemplate to assist the pore formation. By employing hexafluorobenzene to react with Na incorporated within the channels (diameter 200 nm) of anodized aluminum oxide (AAO) membranes at 323-623 K, the carbon material can be fabricated into aligned porous nanotube arrays (ca. 250 nm in diameter, ca. 20 nm in wall thickness, ca. 0.06 mm in length, and ca. 3-90 nm in pore diameter). These materials were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning and transmission electron microscopy, X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy, electron diffraction, thermal gravimetric analysis, and nitrogen physical adsorption experiments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Hao Huang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, 30050, Republic of China
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Electrochemical capacitors fabricated with carbon nanotubes grown within the pores of anodized aluminum oxide templates. Electrochem commun 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.elecom.2006.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
|
26
|
Chen X, Huang XJ, Huang JR, Huang ZY, Xu WH, Liu JH. Preparation of Well-aligned CNT Arrays Catalyzed with Porous Anodic Aluminum Oxide Template. CHINESE J CHEM PHYS 2006. [DOI: 10.1360/cjcp2006.19(1).79.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
27
|
Li W, Zhang S, Chen J. Synthesis, Characterization, and Electrochemical Application of Ca(OH)2-, Co(OH)2-, and Y(OH)3-Coated Ni(OH)2 Tubes. J Phys Chem B 2005; 109:14025-32. [PMID: 16852761 DOI: 10.1021/jp051948o] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We report on the synthesis, characterization, and electrochemical application of Ca(OH)2-, Co(OH)2-, and Y(OH)3-coated Ni(OH)2 tubes with mesoscale dimensions. These composite tubes were prepared via a two-step chemical precipitation within an anodic alumina membrane under ambient conditions. The morphology and structure of the as-synthesized samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) equipped with energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). The results showed that the size of the tubes was of mesoscale dimension and the proportion of the tube morphology was about 95%. The as-prepared composite tubes were further investigated as the positive-electrode materials of rechargeable alkaline batteries. Electrochemical measurements revealed that the Ni(OH)2 tubes coated with Ca(OH)2, Co(OH)2, and Y(OH)3 exhibited superior electrode properties including high discharge capacity, excellent high-temperature and high-rate discharge ability, and good cycling reversibility. The mechanism analysis suggests that both the coated layers and the unique hollow-tube structures play an indispensable role in optimizing the electrochemical performance of nickel hydroxide electrodes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weiyang Li
- Institute of New Energy Materials Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Redón R, Vázquez-Olmos A, Mata-Zamora ME, Ordóñez-Medrano A, Rivera-Torres F, Saniger JM. Contact angle studies on anodic porous alumina. J Colloid Interface Sci 2005; 287:664-70. [PMID: 15925635 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2005.02.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2004] [Revised: 02/15/2005] [Accepted: 02/15/2005] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The preparation of nanostructures using porous anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) as templates involves the introduction of dissolved materials into the pores of the membranes; one way to determine which materials are preferred to fill the pores involves the measurement of the contact angles (theta) of different solvents or test liquids on the AAOs. Thus, we present measurements of contact angles of nine solvents on four different AAO sheets by tensiometric and goniometric methods. From the solvents tested, we found dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and N,N(')-dimethylformamide (DMF) to interact with the AAOs, the polarity of the solvents and the surfaces being the driving force.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rocío Redón
- Centro de Ciencias Aplicadas y Desarrollo Tecnológico, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cd. Universitaria A.P. 70-186, C.P. 04510, Coyoacán, México, D.F., Mexico.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Li X, Cheng F, Guo B, Chen J. Template-Synthesized LiCoO2, LiMn2O4, and LiNi0.8Co0.2O2 Nanotubes as the Cathode Materials of Lithium Ion Batteries. J Phys Chem B 2005; 109:14017-24. [PMID: 16852760 DOI: 10.1021/jp051900a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 191] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The first point of this work is to synthesize LiCoO2, LiNi0.8 Co0.2 O2, and LiMn2O4 nanotubes with the template of porous anodic aluminum oxide by thermal decomposition of sol-gel precursors. The as-synthesized materials were open-ended nanotubes with uniform shape and size based on the analysis of scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and X-ray diffraction. An "in situ reaction from nanoparticle to nanotube" mechanism was discussed for the formation process of the nanotubes. The second point of this paper is to investigate the electrochemical properties of the as-synthesized nanotubes for the cathode materials of lithium ion batteries. It was found that the nanotube electrodes exhibited better reversibility and higher discharge capacities than that of their nanocrystalline counterparts. The reason for the improved electrochemical performance of the nanotube electrodes was also interpreted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxia Li
- Institute of New Energy Material Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People's Republic of China
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Zhi L, Wu J, Li J, Kolb U, Müllen K. Carbonization of Disclike Molecules in Porous Alumina Membranes: Toward Carbon Nanotubes with Controlled Graphene-Layer Orientation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2005. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200460986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
|
31
|
Zhi L, Wu J, Li J, Kolb U, Müllen K. Carbonization of Disclike Molecules in Porous Alumina Membranes: Toward Carbon Nanotubes with Controlled Graphene-Layer Orientation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2005; 44:2120-3. [PMID: 15736234 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200460986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Linjie Zhi
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
The growth of carbon nanotubes at predefined locations using whole nickel nanowires as templates. Chem Phys Lett 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2004.06.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
33
|
|
34
|
|