1
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Examination of the performance of semiempirical methods in QM/MM studies of the SN2-like reaction of an adenylyl group transfer catalysed by ANT4′. Theor Chem Acc 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s00214-019-2507-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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2
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Theoretical study of the inhibition mechanism of human 20S proteasome by dihydroeponemycin. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 164:399-407. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.12.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Revised: 12/12/2018] [Accepted: 12/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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3
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Freindorf M, Tao Y, Sethio D, Cremer D, Kraka E. New mechanistic insights into the Claisen rearrangement of chorismate – a Unified Reaction Valley Approach study. Mol Phys 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2018.1530464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Marek Freindorf
- Computational and Theoretical Chemistry Group (CATCO), Department of Chemistry, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Yunwen Tao
- Computational and Theoretical Chemistry Group (CATCO), Department of Chemistry, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Daniel Sethio
- Computational and Theoretical Chemistry Group (CATCO), Department of Chemistry, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Dieter Cremer
- Computational and Theoretical Chemistry Group (CATCO), Department of Chemistry, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Elfi Kraka
- Computational and Theoretical Chemistry Group (CATCO), Department of Chemistry, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, TX, USA
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4
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Vardi-Kilshtain A, Nitoker N, Major DT. Nuclear quantum effects and kinetic isotope effects in enzyme reactions. Arch Biochem Biophys 2015; 582:18-27. [DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2015.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2015] [Revised: 03/02/2015] [Accepted: 03/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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5
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Chung LW, Sameera WMC, Ramozzi R, Page AJ, Hatanaka M, Petrova GP, Harris TV, Li X, Ke Z, Liu F, Li HB, Ding L, Morokuma K. The ONIOM Method and Its Applications. Chem Rev 2015; 115:5678-796. [PMID: 25853797 DOI: 10.1021/cr5004419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 734] [Impact Index Per Article: 81.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lung Wa Chung
- †Department of Chemistry, South University of Science and Technology of China, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - W M C Sameera
- ‡Fukui Institute for Fundamental Chemistry, Kyoto University, 34-4 Takano Nishihiraki-cho, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8103, Japan
| | - Romain Ramozzi
- ‡Fukui Institute for Fundamental Chemistry, Kyoto University, 34-4 Takano Nishihiraki-cho, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8103, Japan
| | - Alister J Page
- §Newcastle Institute for Energy and Resources, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan 2308, Australia
| | - Miho Hatanaka
- ‡Fukui Institute for Fundamental Chemistry, Kyoto University, 34-4 Takano Nishihiraki-cho, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8103, Japan
| | - Galina P Petrova
- ∥Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sofia, Bulgaria Boulevard James Bourchier 1, 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Travis V Harris
- ‡Fukui Institute for Fundamental Chemistry, Kyoto University, 34-4 Takano Nishihiraki-cho, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8103, Japan.,⊥Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Oswego, Oswego, New York 13126, United States
| | - Xin Li
- #State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Zhuofeng Ke
- ∇School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Fengyi Liu
- ○Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science of Shaanxi Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710119, China
| | - Hai-Bei Li
- ■School of Ocean, Shandong University, Weihai 264209, China
| | - Lina Ding
- ▲School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Keiji Morokuma
- ‡Fukui Institute for Fundamental Chemistry, Kyoto University, 34-4 Takano Nishihiraki-cho, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8103, Japan
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6
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Nam K. Acceleration of Ab Initio QM/MM Calculations under Periodic Boundary Conditions by Multiscale and Multiple Time Step Approaches. J Chem Theory Comput 2014; 10:4175-83. [PMID: 26588116 DOI: 10.1021/ct5005643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Development of multiscale ab initio quantum mechanical and molecular mechanical (AI-QM/MM) method for periodic boundary molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and their acceleration by multiple time step approach are described. The developed method achieves accuracy and efficiency by integrating the AI-QM/MM level of theory and the previously developed semiempirical (SE) QM/MM-Ewald sum method [J. Chem. Theory Comput. 2005, 1, 2] extended to the smooth particle-mesh Ewald (PME) summation method. In the developed methods, the total energy of the simulated system is evaluated at the SE-QM/MM-PME level of theory to include long-range QM/MM electrostatic interactions, which is then corrected on the fly using the AI-QM/MM level of theory within the real space cutoff. The resulting energy expression enables decomposition of total forces applied to each atom into forces determined at the low-level SE-QM/MM method and correction forces at the AI-QM/MM level, to integrate the system using the reversible reference system propagator algorithm. The resulting method achieves a substantial speed-up of the entire calculation by minimizing the number of time-consuming energy and gradient evaluations at the AI-QM/MM level. Test calculations show that the developed multiple time step AI-QM/MM method yields MD trajectories and potential of mean force profiles comparable to single time step QM/MM results. The developed method, together with message passing interface (MPI) parallelization, accelerates the present AI-QM/MM MD simulations about 30-fold relative to the speed of single-core AI-QM/MM simulations for the molecular systems tested in the present work, making the method less than one order slower than the SE-QM/MM methods under periodic boundary conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwangho Nam
- Department of Chemistry and Computational Life Science Cluster (CLiC), Umeå University , 901 87, Umeå, Sweden
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7
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König G, Hudson PS, Boresch S, Woodcock HL. Multiscale Free Energy Simulations: An Efficient Method for Connecting Classical MD Simulations to QM or QM/MM Free Energies Using Non-Boltzmann Bennett Reweighting Schemes. J Chem Theory Comput 2014; 10:1406-1419. [PMID: 24803863 PMCID: PMC3985817 DOI: 10.1021/ct401118k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
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The reliability of free energy simulations
(FES) is limited by
two factors: (a) the need for correct sampling and (b) the accuracy
of the computational method employed. Classical methods (e.g., force
fields) are typically used for FES and present a myriad of challenges,
with parametrization being a principle one. On the other hand, parameter-free
quantum mechanical (QM) methods tend to be too computationally expensive
for adequate sampling. One widely used approach is a combination of
methods, where the free energy difference between the two end states
is computed by, e.g., molecular mechanics (MM), and the end states
are corrected by more accurate methods, such as QM or hybrid QM/MM
techniques. Here we report two new approaches that significantly improve
the aforementioned scheme; with a focus on how to compute corrections
between, e.g., the MM and the more accurate QM calculations. First,
a molecular dynamics trajectory that properly samples relevant conformational
degrees of freedom is generated. Next, potential energies of each
trajectory frame are generated with a QM or QM/MM Hamiltonian. Free
energy differences are then calculated based on the QM or QM/MM energies
using either a non-Boltzmann Bennett approach (QM-NBB) or non-Boltzmann
free energy perturbation (NB-FEP). Both approaches are applied to
calculate relative and absolute solvation free energies in explicit
and implicit solvent environments. Solvation free energy differences
(relative and absolute) between ethane and methanol in explicit solvent
are used as the initial test case for QM-NBB. Next, implicit solvent
methods are employed in conjunction with both QM-NBB and NB-FEP to
compute absolute solvation free energies for 21 compounds. These compounds
range from small molecules such as ethane and methanol to fairly large,
flexible solutes, such as triacetyl glycerol. Several technical aspects
were investigated. Ultimately some best practices are suggested for
improving methods that seek to connect MM to QM (or QM/MM) levels
of theory in FES.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerhard König
- Laboratory of Computational Biology, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
| | - Phillip S Hudson
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida , 4202 E. Fowler Avenue, CHE205, Tampa, Florida 33620-5250, United States
| | - Stefan Boresch
- Department of Computational Biological Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna , Währingerstraße 17, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - H Lee Woodcock
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida , 4202 E. Fowler Avenue, CHE205, Tampa, Florida 33620-5250, United States
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8
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Świderek K, Martí S, Moliner V. Theoretical Study of Primary Reaction of Pseudozyma antarctica Lipase B as the Starting Point To Understand Its Promiscuity. ACS Catal 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/cs401047k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Świderek
- Departament
de Química Física, Universitat de València, 46100 Burjassot, Spain
- Institute
of Applied Radiation Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, 90-924 Lodz, Poland
| | - Sergio Martí
- Departament
de Química Física i Analítica, Universitat Jaume I, 12071 Castellón, Spain
| | - Vicent Moliner
- Departament
de Química Física i Analítica, Universitat Jaume I, 12071 Castellón, Spain
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9
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Swiderek
- Institute of Applied Radiation Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology , Zeromskiego 116, 90-924 Lodz, Poland
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10
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Świderek K, Tuñón I, Martí S, Moliner V, Bertrán J. Role of Solvent on Nonenzymatic Peptide Bond Formation Mechanisms and Kinetic Isotope Effects. J Am Chem Soc 2013; 135:8708-19. [DOI: 10.1021/ja403038t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Świderek
- Institute of Applied Radiation
Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Zeromskiego 116, 90-924 Lodz, Poland
- Departament de Química
Física, Universitat de València, 46100 Burjassot, Spain
| | - Iñaki Tuñón
- Departament de Química
Física, Universitat de València, 46100 Burjassot, Spain
| | - Sergio Martí
- Departament de Química
Física i Analítica, Universitat Jaume I, 12071 Castelló, Spain
| | - Vicent Moliner
- Departament de Química
Física i Analítica, Universitat Jaume I, 12071 Castelló, Spain
| | - Juan Bertrán
- Departament de Química, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra,
Spain
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11
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Rokob TA, Rulíšek L. Curvature correction for microiterative optimizations with QM/MM electronic embedding. J Comput Chem 2012; 33:1197-206. [PMID: 22344958 DOI: 10.1002/jcc.22951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2011] [Revised: 01/11/2012] [Accepted: 01/16/2012] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
One of the most common methods to treat the electrostatic effect of the environment in QM/MM calculations is to include the MM atoms as point charges in the QM Hamiltonian. In this case, a microiterative geometry optimization ignoring the QM contributions to the forces in the relaxation of the environment cannot yield exact stationary points. One solution that has been suggested in the literature is based on using a constant additive correction to the MM gradient during the microiterations, determined in the preceding macroiteration. Here, we analyze the convergence properties of the gradient correction method and point out that a smooth relaxation is not ensured if the curvature of the approximate, MM-based description of the potential energy surface of the environment is too small in comparison with the exact one. We suggest a computationally cheap second-order correction that uses an estimated Hessian from the Davidon-Fletcher-Powell method to tackle the problems caused by the too small curvature. Test calculations on four metalloenzymatic systems (∼100 QM atoms, ∼2000 relaxed MM atoms, ∼20,000 atoms in total) show that our approach efficiently restores the convergence where gradient correction alone would lead to oscillations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tibor András Rokob
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Flemingovo náměstí 2, 16610 Prague, Czech Republic.
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12
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Ferrer S, Ruiz-Pernía J, Martí S, Moliner V, Tuñón I, Bertrán J, Andrés J. Hybrid schemes based on quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics simulations goals to success, problems, and perspectives. ADVANCES IN PROTEIN CHEMISTRY AND STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY 2012; 85:81-142. [PMID: 21920322 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-386485-7.00003-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The development of characterization techniques, advanced synthesis methods, as well as molecular modeling has transformed the study of systems in a well-established research field. The current research challenges in biocatalysis and biotransformation evolve around enzyme discovery, design, and optimization. How can we find or create enzymes that catalyze important synthetic reactions, even reactions that may not exist in nature? What is the source of enzyme catalytic power? To answer these and other related questions, the standard strategies have evolved from trial-and-error methodologies based on chemical knowledge, accumulated experience, and common sense into a clearly multidisciplinary science that allows one to reach the molecular design of tailor-made enzyme catalysts. This is even more so when one refers to enzyme catalysts, for which the detailed structure and composition are known and can be manipulated to introduce well-defined residues which can be implicated in the chemical rearrangements taking place in the active site. The methods and techniques of theoretical and computational chemistry are becoming more and more important in both understanding the fundamental biological roles of enzymes and facilitating their utilization in biotechnology. Improvement of the catalytic function of enzymes is important from scientific and industrial viewpoints, and to put this fact in the actual perspective as well as the potentialities, we recommend the very recent report of Sanderson [Sanderson, K. (2011). Chemistry: enzyme expertise. Nature 471, 397.]. Great fundamental advances have been made toward the ab initio design of enzyme catalysts based on molecular modeling. This has been based on the molecular mechanistic knowledge of the reactions to be catalyzed, together with the development of advanced synthesis and characterization techniques. The corresponding molecular mechanism can be studied by means of powerful quantum chemical calculations. The catalytic active site can be optimized to improve the transition state analogues (TSA) and to enhance the catalytic activity, even improve the active site to favor a desired direction of some promiscuous enzymes. In this chapter, we give a brief introduction, the state of the art, and future prospects and implications of enzyme design. Current computational tools to assist experimentalists for the design and engineering of proteins with desired catalytic properties are described. The interplay between enzyme design, molecular simulations, and experiments will be presented to emphasize the interdisciplinary nature of this research field. This text highlights the recent advances and examples selected from our laboratory are shown, of how the applications of these tools are a first attempt to de novo design of protein active sites. Identification of neutral/advantageous/deleterious mutation platforms can be exploited to penetrate some of Nature's closely guarded secrets of chemical reactivity. In this chapter, we give a brief introduction, the state of the art, and future prospects and implications of enzyme design. The first part describes briefly how the molecular modeling is carried out. Then, we discuss the requirements of hybrid quantum mechanical/molecular mechanics molecular dynamics (QM/MM MD) simulations, analyzing what are the basis of these theoretical methodologies, how we can use them with a view to its application in the study of enzyme catalysis, and what are the best methodologies for assessing its catalytic potential. In the second part, we focus on some selected examples, taking as a common guide the chorismate to prephenate rearrangement, studying the corresponding molecular mechanism in vacuo, in solution and in an enzyme environment. In addition, examples involving catalytic antibodies (CAs) and promiscuous enzymes will be presented. Finally, a special emphasis is made to provide some hints about the logical evolution that can be anticipated in this research field. Moreover, it helps in understanding the open directions in this area of knowledge and highlights the importance of computational approaches in discovering specific drugs and the impact on the rational design of tailor-made enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Ferrer
- Departamento de Química Física y Analítica, Universitat Jaume I, Castellón, Spain
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13
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Ramadhar TR, Batey RA. Accurate prediction of experimental free energy of activation barriers for the aliphatic-Claisen rearrangement through DFT calculations. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2011.08.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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14
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Hratchian HP, Frisch MJ. Integrating steepest-descent reaction pathways for large molecules. J Chem Phys 2011; 134:204103. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3593456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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15
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Theoretical QM/MM studies of enzymatic pericyclic reactions. Interdiscip Sci 2010; 2:115-31. [DOI: 10.1007/s12539-010-0095-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2009] [Revised: 12/07/2009] [Accepted: 12/09/2009] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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16
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Ranaghan KE, Mulholland AJ. Investigations of enzyme-catalysed reactions with combined quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics (QM/MM) methods. INT REV PHYS CHEM 2010. [DOI: 10.1080/01442350903495417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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18
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Abstract
Combined quantum-mechanics/molecular-mechanics (QM/MM) approaches have become the method of choice for modeling reactions in biomolecular systems. Quantum-mechanical (QM) methods are required for describing chemical reactions and other electronic processes, such as charge transfer or electronic excitation. However, QM methods are restricted to systems of up to a few hundred atoms. However, the size and conformational complexity of biopolymers calls for methods capable of treating up to several 100,000 atoms and allowing for simulations over time scales of tens of nanoseconds. This is achieved by highly efficient, force-field-based molecular mechanics (MM) methods. Thus to model large biomolecules the logical approach is to combine the two techniques and to use a QM method for the chemically active region (e.g., substrates and co-factors in an enzymatic reaction) and an MM treatment for the surroundings (e.g., protein and solvent). The resulting schemes are commonly referred to as combined or hybrid QM/MM methods. They enable the modeling of reactive biomolecular systems at a reasonable computational effort while providing the necessary accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hans Martin Senn
- Department of Chemistry, WestCHEM and University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK.
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19
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20
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Kanaan N, Ruiz Pernía JJ, Williams IH. QM/MM simulations for methyl transfer in solution and catalysed by COMT: ensemble-averaging of kinetic isotope effects. Chem Commun (Camb) 2008:6114-6. [DOI: 10.1039/b814212b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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21
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Lodola A, Woods CJ, Mulholland AJ. Applications and Advances of QM/MM Methods in Computational Enzymology. ANNUAL REPORTS IN COMPUTATIONAL CHEMISTRY 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/s1574-1400(08)00009-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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22
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Wong KY, Gao J. The reaction mechanism of paraoxon hydrolysis by phosphotriesterase from combined QM/MM simulations. Biochemistry 2007; 46:13352-69. [PMID: 17966992 DOI: 10.1021/bi700460c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Molecular dynamics simulations employing combined quantum mechanical and molecular mechanical (QM/MM) potentials have been carried out to investigate the reaction mechanism of the hydrolysis of paraoxon by phosphotriesterase (PTE). We used a dual-level QM/MM approach that synthesizes accurate results from high-level electronic structure calculations with computational efficiency of semiempirical QM/MM potentials for free energy simulations. In particular, the intrinsic (gas-phase) energies of the active site in the QM region are determined by using density functional theory (B3LYP) and second-order Møller-Plesset perturbation theory (MP2) and the molecular dynamics free energy simulations are performed by using the mixed AM1:CHARMM potential. The simulation results suggest a revised mechanism for the phosphotriester hydrolysis mechanism by PTE. The reaction free energy profile is mirrored by structural motions of the binuclear metal center in the active site. The two zinc ions occupy a compact conformation with an average zinc-zinc distance of 3.5 +/- 0.1 A in the Michaelis complex, whereas it is elongated to 5.3 +/- 0.3 A at the transition state and product state. The substrate is loosely bound to the more exposed zinc ion (Znbeta2+) at an average distance of 3.8 A +/- 0.3 A. The P=O bond of the substrate paraoxon is activated by adopting a tight coordination to the Znbeta2+, releasing the coordinate to the bridging hydroxide ion and increasing its nucleophilicity. It was also found that a water molecule enters into the binding pocket of the loosely bound binuclear center, originally occupied by the nucleophilic hydroxide ion. We suggest that the proton of this water molecule is taken up by His254 at low pH or released to the solvent at high pH, resulting in a hydroxide ion that pulls the Znbeta2+ ion closer to form the compact configuration and restores the resting state of the enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kin-Yiu Wong
- Department of Chemistry and Minnesota Supercomputing Institute, University of Minnesota, Smith Hall, 207 Pleasant Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
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23
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Pu J, Gao J, Truhlar DG. Multidimensional tunneling, recrossing, and the transmission coefficient for enzymatic reactions. Chem Rev 2006; 106:3140-69. [PMID: 16895322 PMCID: PMC4478620 DOI: 10.1021/cr050308e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 288] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jingzhi Pu
- Department of Chemistry and Supercomputer Institute, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant Street S.E., Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455-0431
| | - Jiali Gao
- Department of Chemistry and Supercomputer Institute, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant Street S.E., Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455-0431
| | - Donald G. Truhlar
- Department of Chemistry and Supercomputer Institute, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant Street S.E., Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455-0431
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Abstract
Modern modelling methods can now give uniquely detailed understanding of enzyme-catalyzed reactions, including the analysis of mechanisms and the identification of determinants of specificity and catalytic efficiency. A new field of computational enzymology has emerged that has the potential to contribute significantly to structure-based design and to develop predictive models of drug metabolism and, for example, of the effects of genetic polymorphisms. This review outlines important techniques in this area, including quantum-chemical model studies and combined quantum-mechanics and molecular-mechanics (QM/MM) methods. Some recent applications to enzymes of pharmacological interest are also covered, showing the types of problems that can be tackled and the insight they can give.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian J Mulholland
- Centre for Computational Chemistry, School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TS, UK.
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25
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Martí S, Moliner V, Tuñón I. Improving the QM/MM Description of Chemical Processes: A Dual Level Strategy To Explore the Potential Energy Surface in Very Large Systems. J Chem Theory Comput 2005; 1:1008-16. [DOI: 10.1021/ct0501396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Martí
- Departament de Ciències Experimentals, Universitat Jaume I, Box 224, 12080 Castellón, Spain
| | - Vicente Moliner
- Departament de Ciències Experimentals, Universitat Jaume I, Box 224, 12080 Castellón, Spain
| | - Iñaki Tuñón
- Departament de Química Física/IcMol, Universidad de Valencia, 46100 Burjasot, Valencia, Spain
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