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Chen R, Intermaggio NE, Xie J, Rossi-Ashton JA, Gould CA, Martin RT, Alcázar J, MacMillan DWC. Alcohol-alcohol cross-coupling enabled by S H2 radical sorting. Science 2024; 383:1350-1357. [PMID: 38513032 DOI: 10.1126/science.adl5890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Alcohols represent a functional group class with unparalleled abundance and structural diversity. In an era of chemical synthesis that prioritizes reducing time to target and maximizing exploration of chemical space, harnessing these building blocks for carbon-carbon bond-forming reactions is a key goal in organic chemistry. In particular, leveraging a single activation mode to form a new C(sp3)-C(sp3) bond from two alcohol subunits would enable access to an extraordinary level of structural diversity. In this work, we report a nickel radical sorting-mediated cross-alcohol coupling wherein two alcohol fragments are deoxygenated and coupled in one reaction vessel, open to air.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruizhe Chen
- Merck Center for Catalysis at Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
| | | | - Jiaxin Xie
- Merck Center for Catalysis at Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
| | | | - Colin A Gould
- Merck Center for Catalysis at Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
| | - Robert T Martin
- Merck Center for Catalysis at Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
| | - Jesús Alcázar
- Discovery Chemistry, Janssen Research and Development, Janssen-Cilag, S.A., C/Jarama 75A, 45007 Toledo, Spain
| | - David W C MacMillan
- Merck Center for Catalysis at Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
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2
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Pfund B, Hutskalova V, Sparr C, Wenger OS. Isoacridone dyes with parallel reactivity from both singlet and triplet excited states for biphotonic catalysis and upconversion. Chem Sci 2023; 14:11180-11191. [PMID: 37860649 PMCID: PMC10583676 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc02768f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Metal-based photosensitizers commonly undergo quantitative intersystem crossing into photoactive triplet excited states. In contrast, organic photosensitizers often feature weak spin-orbit coupling and low intersystem crossing efficiencies, leading to photoactive singlet excited states. By modifying the well-known acridinium dyes, we obtained a new family of organic photocatalysts, the isoacridones, in which both singlet- and triplet-excited states are simultaneously photoactive. These new isoacridone dyes are synthetically readily accessible and show intersystem crossing efficiencies of up to 52%, forming microsecond-lived triplet excited states (T1), storing approximately 1.9 eV of energy. Their photoactive singlet excited states (S1) populated in parallel have only nanosecond lifetimes, but store ∼0.4 eV more energy and act as strong oxidants. Consequently, the new isoacridone dyes are well suited for applications requiring parallel triplet-triplet energy transfer and photoinduced electron transfer elementary steps, which have become increasingly important in modern photocatalysis. In proof-of-principle experiments, the isoacridone dyes were employed for Birch-type arene reductions and C-C couplings via sensitization-initiated electron transfer, substituting the commonly used iridium or ruthenium based photocatalysts. Further, in combination with a pyrene-based annihilator, sensitized triplet-triplet annihilation upconversion was achieved in an all-organic system, where the upconversion quantum yield correlated with the intersystem crossing quantum yield of the photosensitizer. This work seems relevant in the greater contexts of developing new applications that utilize biphotonic photophysical and photochemical behavior within metal-free systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Björn Pfund
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel St. Johanns-Ring 19 4056 Basel Switzerland
| | - Valeriia Hutskalova
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel St. Johanns-Ring 19 4056 Basel Switzerland
| | - Christof Sparr
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel St. Johanns-Ring 19 4056 Basel Switzerland
| | - Oliver S Wenger
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel St. Johanns-Ring 19 4056 Basel Switzerland
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3
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Sparr C, Hutskalova V. The Versatility of the Aryne–Imine–Aryne Coupling for the Synthesis of Acridinium Photocatalysts. Synlett 2021. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1720349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThe increasing use of acridinium photocatalysts as sustainable alternative to precious metal-based counterparts encourages the design and efficient synthesis of distinct catalyst structures. Herein, we report our exploration of the scope of the aryne–imine–aryne coupling reaction combined with a subsequent acridane oxidation for a short two-step approach towards various acridinium salts. The photophysical properties of the novel photocatalysts were investigated and the practical value was demonstrated by a cation-radical accelerated nucleophilic aromatic substitution reaction.
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Vellakkaran M, Hong S. Visible‐light‐induced Reactions Driven by Photochemical Activity of Quinolinone and Coumarin Scaffolds. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202100162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mari Vellakkaran
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations Institute for Basic Science (IBS) 34141 Daejeon Korea
- Department of Chemistry Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) 34141 Daejeon Korea
| | - Sungwoo Hong
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations Institute for Basic Science (IBS) 34141 Daejeon Korea
- Department of Chemistry Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) 34141 Daejeon Korea
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Masuda Y, Ito M, Murakami M. Degradation of Unprotected Aldohexonic Acids to Aldopentoses Promoted by Light and Oxygen. CHEM LETT 2020. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.200517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Masuda
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Kyoto University, Katsura, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Misato Ito
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Kyoto University, Katsura, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Masahiro Murakami
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Kyoto University, Katsura, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
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6
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A Rational Approach to Organo‐Photocatalysis: Novel Designs and Structure‐Property Relationships. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202006416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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7
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Vega‐Peñaloza A, Mateos J, Companyó X, Escudero‐Casao M, Dell'Amico L. A Rational Approach to Organo‐Photocatalysis: Novel Designs and Structure‐Property Relationships. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 60:1082-1097. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202006416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2020] [Revised: 06/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Vega‐Peñaloza
- Department of Chemical Sciences University of Padova Via Marzolo 1 35131 Padova Italy
| | - Javier Mateos
- Department of Chemical Sciences University of Padova Via Marzolo 1 35131 Padova Italy
| | - Xavier Companyó
- Department of Chemical Sciences University of Padova Via Marzolo 1 35131 Padova Italy
| | | | - Luca Dell'Amico
- Department of Chemical Sciences University of Padova Via Marzolo 1 35131 Padova Italy
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Kodama T, Kubo M, Shinji W, Ohkubo K, Tobisu M. Phenylene-bridged bis(benzimidazolium) (BBIm 2+): a dicationic organic photoredox catalyst. Chem Sci 2020; 11:12109-12117. [PMID: 34094425 PMCID: PMC8162872 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc03958f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
A dicationic photoredox catalyst composed of phenylene-bridged bis(benzimidazolium) (BBIm2+) was designed, synthesised and demonstrated to promote the photochemical decarboxylative hydroxylation and dimerisation of carboxylic acids. The catalytic activity of BBIm2+ was higher than that for a monocation analogue, suggesting that the dicationic nature of BBIm2+ plays a key role in these decarboxylative reactions. The rate constant for the decay of the triplet-triplet absorption of the excited BBIm2+ increased with increasing concentration of the carboxylate anion with a saturated dependence, suggesting that photoinduced electron transfer occurs within the ion pair complex composed of the triplet excited state of BBIm2+ and a carboxylate anion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Kodama
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University Suita Osaka 565-0871 Japan
| | - Maiko Kubo
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University Suita Osaka 565-0871 Japan
| | - Wataru Shinji
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University Suita Osaka 565-0871 Japan
| | - Kei Ohkubo
- Institute for Advanced Co-Creation Studies, Osaka University Suita Osaka 565-0871 Japan
- Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives, Osaka University Suita Osaka 565-0871 Japan
| | - Mamoru Tobisu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University Suita Osaka 565-0871 Japan
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Tan ML, Tong S, Hou SK, You J, Wang MX. Copper-Catalyzed N,N-Diarylation of Amides for the Construction of 9,10-Dihydroacridine Structure and Applications in the Synthesis of Diverse Nitrogen-Embedded Polyacenes. Org Lett 2020; 22:5417-5422. [PMID: 32588635 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c01775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We reported herein CuI/DMEDA catalyzed N,N-diarylation reaction of amides with various di(o-bromoaryl)methanes to produce diverse 9,10-dihydroacridine derivatives. The resulting 9,10-dihydroacridine derivatives were oxidized selectively under mild conditions to afford acridine, acridinone, and acridinium derivatives. The copper-catalyzed N,N-diarylation reaction coupled with oxidative aromatization reaction enabled the facile construction of nitrogen atom-embedded tetracenes and pentacenes of different ortho-fused patterns. The luminescence properties, especially the effect of fusion pattern on fluorescence emission of acquired N-polycenes, were also demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Ling Tan
- MOE Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Shuo Tong
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorous and Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Sheng-Kai Hou
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorous and Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Jingsong You
- MOE Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Mei-Xiang Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorous and Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
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Gini A, Uygur M, Rigotti T, Alemán J, García Mancheño O. Novel Oxidative Ugi Reaction for the Synthesis of Highly Active, Visible-Light, Imide-Acridinium Organophotocatalysts. Chemistry 2018; 24:12509-12514. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201802830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Gini
- Institute for Organic Chemistry; University of Regensburg; 93053 Regensburg Germany
| | - Mustafa Uygur
- Organic Chemistry Institute; University of Münster; 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Thomas Rigotti
- Organic Chemistry Department; Módulo 1; Universidad Autónoma de Madrid; 28049 Madrid Spain
| | - José Alemán
- Organic Chemistry Department; Módulo 1; Universidad Autónoma de Madrid; 28049 Madrid Spain
- Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem); Universidad Autónoma de Madrid; 28049 Madrid Spain
| | - Olga García Mancheño
- Organic Chemistry Institute; University of Münster; 48149 Münster Germany
- Institute for Organic Chemistry; University of Regensburg; 93053 Regensburg Germany
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Miyazawa K, Ochi R, Koike T, Akita M. Photoredox radical C–H oxygenation of aromatics with aroyloxylutidinium salts. Org Chem Front 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8qo00089a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The peroxide-free aroyloxylation of aromatics with N-aroyloxylutidinium salts by photoredox catalysis has been developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuki Miyazawa
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science
- Institute of Innovative Research
- Tokyo Institute of Technology
- Yokohama
- Japan
| | - Rika Ochi
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science
- Institute of Innovative Research
- Tokyo Institute of Technology
- Yokohama
- Japan
| | - Takashi Koike
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science
- Institute of Innovative Research
- Tokyo Institute of Technology
- Yokohama
- Japan
| | - Munetaka Akita
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science
- Institute of Innovative Research
- Tokyo Institute of Technology
- Yokohama
- Japan
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan A. Romero
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
| | - David A. Nicewicz
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
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13
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Takeda T, Akutagawa T. Anisotropic Dissociation of π-π Stacking and Flipping-Motion-Induced Crystal Jumping in Alkylacridones and Their Dicyanomethylene Derivatives. Chemistry 2016; 22:7763-70. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201600794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Takeda
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials; Tohoku University; Katahira 2-1-1, Aoba-ku, Sendai Miyagi 980-8577 Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Akutagawa
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials; Tohoku University; Katahira 2-1-1, Aoba-ku, Sendai Miyagi 980-8577 Japan
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14
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Griffin JD, Zeller MA, Nicewicz DA. Hydrodecarboxylation of Carboxylic and Malonic Acid Derivatives via Organic Photoredox Catalysis: Substrate Scope and Mechanistic Insight. J Am Chem Soc 2015; 137:11340-8. [PMID: 26291730 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b07770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 224] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
A direct, catalytic hydrodecarboxylation of primary, secondary, and tertiary carboxylic acids is reported. The catalytic system consists of a Fukuzumi acridinium photooxidant with phenyldisulfide acting as a redox-active cocatalyst. Substoichiometric quantities of Hünig's base are used to reveal the carboxylate. Use of trifluoroethanol as a solvent allowed for significant improvements in substrate compatibilities, as the method reported is not limited to carboxylic acids bearing α heteroatoms or phenyl substitution. This method has been applied to the direct double decarboxylation of malonic acid derivatives, which allows for the convenient use of dimethyl malonate as a methylene synthon. Kinetic analysis of the reaction is presented showing a lack of a kinetic isotope effect when generating deuterothiophenol in situ as a hydrogen atom donor. Further kinetic analysis demonstrated first-order kinetics with respect to the carboxylate, while the reaction is zero-order in acridinium catalyst, consistent with another finding suggesting the reaction is light limiting and carboxylate oxidation is likely turnover limiting. Stern-Volmer analysis was carried out in order to determine the efficiency for the carboxylates to quench the acridinium excited state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy D Griffin
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
| | - Mary A Zeller
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
| | - David A Nicewicz
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
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Rajendran T, Manimaran B, Liao RT, Liu YH, Thanasekaran P, Lin RJ, Chang IJ, Chou PT, Ramaraj R, Rajagopal S, Lu KL. Luminescence quenching of Re(i) molecular rectangles by quinones. Dalton Trans 2010; 39:2928-35. [DOI: 10.1039/b925978c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Ohkubo K, Fukuzumi S. Rational Design and Functions of Electron Donor–Acceptor Dyads with Much Longer Charge-Separated Lifetimes than Natural Photosynthetic Reaction Centers. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2009. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.82.303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Ohkubo K, Nanjo T, Fukuzumi S. Photocatalytic Electron-Transfer Oxidation of Triphenylphosphine and Benzylamine with Molecular Oxygen via Formation of Radical Cations and Superoxide Ion. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2006. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.79.1489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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